Alexandria: The Cultural Heart of Ancient Egypt, One of the Seven Wonders
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- čas přidán 23. 10. 2023
- Explore the rich history of Alexandria, the major center of Hellenic civilization and the capital of the vast Ptolemaic empire. Discover iconic structures like the Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Great Library, and the Serapeum, which adorned this ancient city. Join us on a journey back in time to understand the cultural significance of Alexandria under the Ptolemies. Learn about its unique blend of Greek, Egyptian, and Jewish influences, and the architectural marvels that defined this historic city. Dive into the history of this remarkable metropolis, from its strategic harbor location to its role as an intellectual center. Witness the rise and eventual decline of Alexandria as it transitioned from Ptolemaic rule to Roman influence. This video uncovers the captivating story of a city that was once at the forefront of ancient civilization but ultimately faded into history. Don't miss this opportunity to delve into the past and explore the true cultural heart of the ancient world. Kings and Generals series on the ancient civilizations will continue, so subscribe for more historical insights and be part of our journey through ancient cities.
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The video was made by Leif Sick, while the script was developed by Ancient Sites Girl ( / ancientsites . The video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & / @gameworldnarratives )
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#Documentary #Alexandria #Egypt
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My script! 🎉Thank you for adding link to my channel to your pinned comment ❤
I was wondering if you were going to do a video on medieval Muslim Alexandria. I'd be quite interested to know how it changed at this stage, compared to the ancient Greco-Roman and later Christian basis? Anyway awesome job this video thank you for it.
What about Babylon, Nineveh, Ur, Persepolis and Susa?
hey kings and generals i have an idea for your next modern conflict video. can you please cover the Chechen wars (1994-1996 and 1999-2009) although a small conflict but still it is one of the important factors that led to Russian expansions in Europe and the middle East mainly Syria and Iran and the origins how it led to the rise of Putin to the presidency of Russia
This text is amazing!!! It provided me with so many new details about Alexandria that I wasn't aware of, despite having spent a lot of time exploring the history of the Hellenistic era!
please please please do one of these for constantinople, it would be absolutely stunning to see that city at its height recreated
In the time of Justinian, Basil Ii and Sulieman.
And Babylon. I've seen other channels do recreations of Babylon in its hay day and that city will make you marvel at the architectural engineering of the ancient world.
Great idea! Constantinople at it’s best would be great to see.
Skipping the sack of 1204
Also towards the end when the population may have been 10% of its peak.
I would love to see this very same modus operandi for Imperial Rome, Constantinople, Antioch and other greco roman cities in its prime, great video
Rome would have to be an hour long haha.
@@jonbaxter2254 then Constantinople would have taken 2 hrs
It would be cool a 3d tour of constantinople
Hell yeah
Yes please @kingsandgenerals
Constantinople next, the Queen of cities.
@@SortDragon just for asking, in italy one of the titles of constantinople is "the golden city" is this the case in other places?
@@anto-sk4ce i think i heard somewhere that the Rus may have called it golden city too, but other than that i am not aware, didn't know Italy also knew her by that name, Constantinople was know by many names, she also was called Miklagard by the vikings and Queen of cities or refuge of strangers by it's inhabitants.
As an Alexandrian, thank you so much for this video. The Canopic road is still intact today as Fouad street with Elnabi Daniel street intersecting with it as the north south road, which is widely considered as the oldest surviving road in the world and many archaeological treasures were discovered underneath it.
@@pinchevulpesnot possible since 👳♂️🧨🕋👹🦧 are occupying egypt
proud that alexandria isnt arap city
@@Alghi451
Arab Muslims built many other cities greater than Alexandria ( Cairo for example) & preseeved the previous historical monuments ( including Alex.) & the Islamic rule was one of the golden times in the Egyptian history
Not like the occupation forces ( Roman, Greek, British.....) who corrupted every thing & killed thousands of people for stealing the resources they wanted and keep their benefits
كنت لسة في الإسكندرية و شفت المتحف اليوناني - الروماني بعد ما جددوه و المسرح الروماني و من ساعتها و أنا واقع في حب تاريخ المدينة دي، تقريبا الإسكندرية البطلمية القديمة هي دلوقتي مناطق الشاطبي و محطة الرمل و بحري و الأنفوشي بس صح؟
Alexandria has treasures from all the period since its creation and before including Arab, Mamluk and Ottoman periods. Egyptians can sometimes refer to themselves as Arabs culturally which is just as referring to the French as Europeans or Westerners.@@Alghi451
If there’s one book I wish I could retrieve from the library of Alexandria it would be Ptolemys biography of Alexander the Great.
Eh, we have enough first hand knowledge of him from different sources
I want a book that could give me more info about the sea people. Those menace.
@@GothPaoki how do you even know he had an autobiography to begin with? I’ve searched for his memoirs and haven’t found even a single excerpt, so how do you know some is missing if you‘ve never even seen any of it
@@GothPaoki no no, I didn’t say biography, we have plenty of that from different sources, you said “autobiography” as in his own memoirs and as far as I know, he never wrote because he was a little occupied with battle😆
@@GothPaoki well yes but I don’t believe there’s a single one of his excerpts available, so that automatically disqualifies anything about him as autobiography. The best we have is personal accounts with his generals and other kings he encountered. Also keep in mind he lived over 2300 years ago, most of what we hear about him is probably straight up false, his death isn’t even agreed on, so I guess I see what you mean when you say a chunk is missing, because it is, but his mythologization probably adds to his intrigue
Couldn't be happier and more proud of this video as an Alexandrian myself. Thank you for creating such a loyal and beautiful representation of Alexandria. How i wish it returns to these times of old in its glory.
bro you're not a descendant of alexandrians stfu
if you kick out the fanatic muslims, then you will be great again
thank you for conquering the entire classical world
Bro i just want the old times when the British ruled us
@@irgendwer3610are you calling us invaders ?
I've been to Alexandria a couple of times and even seen pieces of the lighthouse on display next to the Amphitheatre. It's amazing to walk around the streets of the city and imagine what the city once was. Always love new documentaries about the ancient Alexandria so thanks for this.:)
Working with you is an honor! I'm so happy I could participate! The result is awesome! ❤
Wow!
😊😊
@@malgorzatajackowska7820 Irena :)
How amazing it would have been if we could witness this magnificent city with our own eyes on its peak glory.
Bruh... It would have been magnificent. Probably would have smelled like absolute shit, but id imagine everything else would have been fucking amazing.
@@samuelvimes5770 trailer look great thanks for your suggestion
@@bakerbaker1959 the smell might be revolting, but the aerial views would have been magnificent,
@@bakerbaker1959 Why would it smell ?
@@Bullet-Tooth-Tony- Take a guess
This video is... absolutely stunning. 😮 Great music, narration, story building and 3D recreations. Wow! What a top tier team!! 🤯
This is one of my favorite videos now! ✔️🫠
Also mine
Would love to see videos that cover both the Persian and Ptolemaic periods of Egyptian history. The period of Persian rule in particular and especially Egypt's revolts against the Persians under the Pharaohs Nectanebo I & II often isn't covered
I second this!!
I would love to see this covered as well!
What about Babylon, Nineveh, Ur, Persepolis and Susa?
Most of Egyptian history is not that heavenly discussed except for the pyramids, cleopatra and some kings and queens of the new kingdom like ramses ii, tutankhamun, nefertiti and hatshepsut
@@erreryhj What would you like to discuss.
Alexandria truly was THE city of the Hellenistic Age, for 300 years, between the Conquests of Alexander, and the final war of the Roman Republic. During that time it eclipsed Classical Athens, was always a step ahead of Seleucid Antioch, and was a metropolis before Rome truly became one.
Its wealth, opulence, cultural and intellectual supremacy was the inspiration and ideal to strive toward for all contemporary great cities of the wider Mediterranean world.
Casually skipping one of the most important and influential cities at the time: Carthage was bigger and richer than any other Hellenic city during the Hellenistic era.
@@nisarbo3781 Was it as influential or did it have as large of an impact tho? Rich and powerful, yes. One of the greatest of the time. A hegemon in its own right, no doubt, but mostly economically. Granted, that might be the bias we have thanks to Rome eventual destruction and dominant viewpoint, but Carthage did not have nearly the cultural, historical or symbolic impact, not even at its heyday. There were no cities built using its floorplan, it inspired very little imitation in regard to impressive landmarks, not even among its fellow Phoenician colonies, it did not become the melting-pot of cultures and ideas to the extent of Alexandria.
@@Alex-mn1fb during its heyday it was a cultural melting pot in its own right. It was a cosmopolitan trade city for a reason with many races living in the city as well including a greek quarter due to many greek residents, Iberians, Libyans, Numidians, Celts, Egyptians, Italics.
"Carthage is the wealthiest city in the world" - Polybios of Megalopolis (200-118 BC)
The reason why "hellenic culture" is more prominent to this day is that simply its writings survived and the writings of Carthaginians didn't. Carthage had its own large library which was claimed to be the second largest after the one of Alexandria, which got destroyed obviously. To claim Carthage had few impact is bold since them and its Phoenician forefathers impacted the western world with the invention and spread of the alphabet, shipbuilding techniques that are still used today and in many areas of manufacturing.
@@nisarbo3781 No one is trying to diminish the achievements or impact of Carthaginians or Phoenicians, and their cultures and history, and this is not a supremacy argument. You may like Carthage, I certainly also do, and even prefer it, but you may not say that it was more impactful then Alexandria, who, apart from being a stepping stone in disseminating knowledge, science and philosophy of Classical Greece into the wider world, and helping preserve it, also influenced both later Christian, and to an extent, Jewish thought and development. Besides, the entire premise of my initial comment was to say that Alexandra was THE city of the Hellenistic Era, so roughly from 300 BC to 30 BC. Carthage had, meanwhile, been reduced to a status of secondary power by the end of the Second Punic War in 204. So it could not, by definition, be as impactful in the last two centuries of that era, as it was in the centuries preceding it. And no matter what knowledge was gathered in its library, it was unfortunately lost, and thus also could not and did not influence or impact later centuries. Its the unfortunate circumstance of history.
@@Alex-mn1fb you are entirely contradicting yourself though, in your original post you literally claimed that "its wealth, opulence etc. served as an example/inspiration for great contemporary Cities in the Mediterranean." Yet you admitted that Carthage was one of the most powerful one militarily, economically & politically. How can Alexandria serve as an example/inspiration to strive for other Mediterranean Cities even though Carthage was far older (814 BC founded) and already the wealthiest city even before Alexandria itself existed? - According to Hermocrates of Syracuse it held the title as far back as into the 410s BC.
Alexandria may have been so culturally and intellectually in certain scientific areas, but when it comes to seamanship, commerce, industry, agriculture, economy, engineering it really wasn't a "supremacy" or "THE city".
The efforts for visuals are beyond commendable
I get always amazed by the enginnering advancement for those times
These virtual tours of ancient sites are awesome, and they keep getting better! Great job K&G. I would love to see one of these for Constantinople.
What about Babylon, Nineveh, Ur, Persepolis and Susa?
No one can know how Alexandria might looked like but I could take that as true!
It’s magnificent!
What happens when you combine the two greatest civilisations in the Mediterranean and maybe in the world as well!
The mix of Hellenic and Egyptian architecture, Egyptian temples and statues as well as Hellenic agoras, temples and theatres is like… wow😮
We actually can get a decent understanding of what the city looked like by studying the architecture fragments, Pompeii wall paintings(potentially), as well as literary sources.
I'd like to point out that while the Ptolemaic kingdom declined and became a client state of the Roman Republic, it had a brief resurgence under Cleopatra VII before being snuffed out. Even though the kingdom fell on her watch, she almost surpassed its 3rd century B.C prosperity. As Peter Green says, rather than fizzling out in obscurity like the Seleucid kingdom, it went out in a blaze of glory. Best way to go,
Ancient Greeks gave so much to the world
Lots of people asking for similar videos like this for other cities in the ancient world! That would be amazing! Hoping to see the same for cities in other civilizations, would love to see Chang'an!
One of my favorite thing about these videos is how much I learn just from the vocabulary and asides. Thank you for that (and all of your terrific content)!
I am hugely impressed by the graphics and details in this video! You are taking it to a whole other level. Majestic. 👏👏
What an absolutely gorgeous virtual tour of Alexandria! Excellent job!
love to see this type of video for Tenochtitlan and other great cities!
These videos do such a great job making ancient cities feel vivid, breathing meaning into names we're familiar with like Alexandria's lighthouse and library. Please keep these coming.
This is a poem by an Alexandrian Greek poet, Cavafy. Title: "In 200BCE"
“Alexander, son of Philip, and the Greeks except the Lacedaimonians...”
We can very well imagine
how completely indifferent the Spartans would have been
to this inscription. “Except the Lacedaimonians”-
naturally. The Spartans
weren’t to be led and ordered around
like precious servants. Besides,
a pan-Hellenic expedition without
a Spartan king in command
was not to be taken very seriously.
Of course, then, “except the Lacedaimonians.”
That’s certainly one point of view. Quite understandable.
So, “except the Lacedaimonians” at Granikos,
then at Issus, then in the decisive battle
where the terrible army
the Persians mustered at Arbela was wiped out:
it set out for victory from Arbela, and was wiped out.
And from this marvelous pan-Hellenic expedition,
triumphant, brilliant in every way,
celebrated on all sides, glorified
as no other has ever been glorified,
incomparable, we emerged:
the great new Hellenic world.
We the Alexandrians, the Antiochians,
the Selefkians, and the countless
other Greeks of Egypt and Syria,
and those in Media, and Persia, and all the rest:
with our far-flung supremacy,
our flexible policy of judicious integration,
and our Common Greek Language
which we carried as far as Bactria, as far as the Indians.
Talk about Lacedaimonians after that!
This is definitely my favorite video on this channel.
There’s more than 7 wonders of the Ancient world. I can think of at least 10 and maybe as many as 15, perhaps even more.
The most amazing city that ever existed. Thank you so much for making this. I felt like I was there.
My absolute favorite video of your entire channel. Fascinating to see an ancient city come to life. Please tell me who have more of these planned 🙏. Edit: after checking your back catalog I found several more of these videos, all awesome. Please continue.
I love this recreations. It would have been so amazing to be able to walk around and explore any of these large Classical area cities.
Amazing video! The best video there is about the History of Alexandria.
That's certainly an amazing city.
Excellent animation. A well researched video, almost felt like a journey through time. You mad me feel like i just took a tour around the ancient city of alexandria. Hope you do more such videos and please continue with the carthage series.
It's worth mentioning that the canopic road is still functioning and is changed to foad street and extended to include alhoreya and gamal street making it still the main road in the city and the oldest functioning road in history
Incredible, I really hope you guys will do more like this one on each of the greatest cities of old, and perhaps some smaller videos showing historical buildings like the mounds fortresses of Gaul and that kind of thing.
Outstanding, amazing. Thank you, KaG!
Thank you for the video & it really makes you think of what places really looked like in ancient times
Love the content. This will be watched several times.
This was a very beautiful presentation of a place that speaks to everyone’s imagination. Thank you.
Fantastic vid!
My only wish…is that is was longer.
Nicely done folks!
😎👍
Ancient or other historic cities are such a good theme. Can't wait to see the next one!
Such a good work as usual!
Possibly my favorite video (so far) from the Wonders series.
Greetings from the Mediterranean sea on the coast of Alexandria itself 💙💙
In Greek "Pharos", the name of the island on which the great lighthouse was built, literary means "lighthouse" (φάρος). Now I wonder if this is the origin of the word. Also the "Soter" from Ptolemy I Soter means "savior" in a more archaic form of Greek that is used today in the church, usually in reference to Jesus!!
This is unbelievably awesome!
The Pharos (lighthouse) of Alexandria is perhaps the most outstanding of the seven wonders of the ancient world. In addition to being an architectural and engineering marvel, it was the only one of these "wonders" that actually served a practical purpose and was useful to ordinary people, such as mariners and merchants.
This was a excellent tour of a great city. One thing I would like to say. The late Dr. Carl Sagan would have loved to see it.
Thank you all so much.
Please continues this series , loved the episode
Thank you, more videos like this please
Just lovely. Thanks K&G
Different from the usual Kings fare but done with the same meticulous research, attention to detail, and care for the topic
Thank You for the great video. I will use it for my class in school.
Alexander the Great founded the city around 334 BC.The city of Alexandria is on the coast of Egypt, at the edge of the Nile Delta.Memphis was the first capital of the unified kingdom of Upper and Lower Egypts.
Excellent Video. What a fascinating period of history.
Great video, love the research you’ve put in and the skill in making the lighting this good 🎩
truly a stunning looking lighthouse
Another great video from Kings and Generals.
Great city...great video...thank you for this....
Wow! My perspective of Alexandria has changed because I used to believe that Greeks, Egyptians, and Jews but I also believe that Nubians, Libyans, Amazigh, and Punics lived in Alexandria coexisted!
Egyptians,greeks and jews lived in Alexandria,where were Macedonians for sake???
They did. They just didn't have areas of the city named after them.
@@seleukusnikator614 He just said Greeks, Macedonians are already included !
@@TeutonicEmperor1198ancient Greeks and Macedonians were two different groups in those times
@@Anonymous07192 Macedonians were as Greek as Thebans, Athenians, Spartans and Cretan were. Just because the Southern Greek city states didn't like them because of politics changes nothing
I always learn so much! This was spectacular!
Love this series!
As a schoolchild of the 1960s my class was shown an illustration of the lighthouse at Alexandria as being built as a spiral ramp with the light on top. In the light of newer information I guess the archaeologists & historians have now decided that it had an entirely different structure, something more conventional. History has always marked progress, the study of history is no less subject to progress I suppose.
Very good! Thank you for bringing that urbanistic knowkedge!
Thank you. I am trying to write a novel set in Alexandria during the last year of Vespasian and this video is extremely beneficial to my research.
incredible video... great work guyz
Very good video thank you for posting it.
Its so beautiful and wonderful!
Excellent video and innovative graphics.
Those graphics 😍... Just amazing 👏
Amazing Video!!!! Congrats
Amazing as always. Really great idea for a series. Personally, I would like to see ancient cities of mesopotamia
Awesome graphics. Very descriptive, congrats.
I once met a person named Alexander, so this video means a lot to me
This was absolutely fantastic! If you ever do similar videos Tenochtitlan would be a fascinating one.
Love these vids of yours.
amazing work!
This is your best video ever.
By the way, Pharos still means lighthouse in Greek to this day.
This is great can’t wait to watch this in study hall later
The views at the top of the Lighthouse must have been incredible
This is great! Thank you
Seeing Alexandria recreated in Assassin's Creed: Origins was breathtaking! Between KOG and AC, I am able to visit ancient locations that we otherwise would never be able to see. Ancient Rome/Athens/Kyoto/Beijing/Xian would be awesome to visit next!
Great video keep it up you're doing amazing things 😁👍
Amo este video 🥰sobre todo cuando habla de la cultura griega,ha enriquecido mi mente con vuestras historia sobre los antiguos griegos.ya me he visto El reino greco bactriano,y el de indo griego,la rebelión judia Antihelenica,el origen de macedonia ,en resumen todo y estoy sorprendido por la gram calidad .
Muchas gracias King and generals❤.
Love the ancient wonder vids, anything Bronze Age is interesting!
It perhaps should be noted that the mentioned lake Mariotis is the Greek name of the Egyptian lake Mariout, whereas the island of Pharos is a Greek name; Pharos in Greek means beacon. In Homeric Greek the word "pharos" meant candle.
What a great video.
This is amazing
Beautiful video.
amazing video !
Incredible stuff
Brilliant!
Such a good video
Definitely have Walking in Memphis stuck in my head now.
Awesome video!
It would be amazing to see a video history of the Ptolemaic dynasty. Or at least the crisis beginning with Ptolemy IV and the whole Agathokles and Agathokleia episode.
Thanks!
I loved the Assassin's Creed: Origins vibes this video gave me. Great job.
awesome video
These 3d animations are sick!