நன்மைகளை வாரி வழங்கும் மார்கழி திருவாதிரை | Nanmaigalai Vaari Vazhangum Margazhi Thiruvaathirai |

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Thiruvathira
Thiruvathira or Thiruvathirai or Arudhra Darisanam is a Hindu festival celebrated in the Indian states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.[2][3][4] Thiruvathirai (Arudhra) in Tamil means "sacred big wave". In Chidambaram[5] in Tamil Nadu, the Nataraja Temple's annual festival[6] is celebrated on this date. In the month of Makaram Thiruvathira Star is celebrated in Mathira Peedika Devi Temple, owned by Thiruvithamcore Devaswom Board, near Kadakkal in Kollam District of Kerala state.
Ekambareswarar Temple (Kanchipuram)
Arudra Darshan in Chidambaram (Thillai)
Thiruvadirai - Arudra Darshan is celebrated in a grand manner in five sabhas of Nataraja, namely 1) Kanakasabha (Gold) - at Chidambaram (Tillai), 2) Velli Sabhai (Silver) at Madurai, 3) Ratnasabha (Ruby) at Tiruvalankadu, 4) Tamrasabha (Copper) at Tirunelveli, 5) Chitrasabha (Pictures) at Kutralam.
In Thillai Chidambaram 10 day Festival is held during Thiruvathirai. On the 9th day night (i.e., 10th day very early morning) Maha Abhishekam will be done to Nataraja and Goddess Sivakamasundari at Raja Sabhai at around 3 am. The MahaAbhishekam will be held for about 3-4 hours.
Then special Thiruvabaranam (Sacred Jewels) Alankaram, Rahasiya Pujai will be done to Nataraja. Pancha Murthi Thiruveethi Ula, will be held at around 12 pm Noon. Soon after Pancha Murthi Ula in the afternoon Nataraja and Shivakami will bless devotees with Aarudra Darisanam and enter Kanaka Sabhai (Golden Sabha).[7]
As the story goes Shesha, the divine bed serpent of Vishnu, or Patanjali, along with the flower devotee sage of Shiva, named Vyaghrapada, wanted to see the cosmic dance of Shiva, and thus performed severe penance for many days at Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram. Pleased by their devotion, ultimately, Shiva appeared before them to perform his dance of bliss or cosmic dance, as also granted the sage a boon to have tiger legs, so that he could pick flowers in the morning, to offer to Shiva, without being stung by the bees.[8]
Origin
It takes place on the full moon night in the Tamil month of Margali[9][10] (December-January) and this is also the longest night in a year.[11] Literary and historical evidence in the form of stone inscriptions state that the festival has been celebrated on this day for more than 1500 years. Shiva is praised in Tamil by many names, one of them is Athiraiyan, from Thiruvathirai (Thiru + Athirai).[12][13]
Tamil hymns of Manikkavasakar's Tiruvacakam (particularly the hymns Tiruvempavai and Tiruppallieluchi) are chanted in temples. On the very day of Thiruvathirai the idols of Nataraja (Shiva) and his consort Shivagami (Parvati) are taken out of the temple premises for a grand procession. It is one of the major events in almost all the Shiva temples in Tamil Nadu.
Sambandar sung in Tevaram during 7th-9th century, how Thiruvathirai celebrated at Kapaleeshwaram (present day Mylapore, Chennai).[14]
"ஊர்திரை வேலை யுலாவும் உயர்மலைக்
கூர்தரு வேல்வல்லார் கோற்றங் கோள் சேரிதனில்
கார்தரு சோலைக் கபாலீச்சரம் அமர்ந்தான்
ஆதிரைநாள் காணாதே போதியார் பூம்பாவாய்"
Appar wrote a separate pathigam (10 songs) in Tevaram,[15] in the name Thiruvathirai Pathigam which describes the importance and celebrations of Thiruvathirai.
In 4th Tirumurai he sang about the celebration in Tiruvarur[16][17]
"முத்து விதான மணிப்பொற் கவரி முறையாலே
பக்தர்க ளோடு பாவையர் சூழப் பலிப்பின்னே
வித்தகக் கோல வெண்டலை மாலை விரதிகள்
அத்தனாரூ ராதிரை நாளா லதுவண்ணம்"
The cosmic dance of Shiva represents five activities - Creation, Protection, Destruction, Embodiment and Release. In essence, it represents the continuous cycle of creation and destruction. This cosmic dance[18] takes place in every particle and is the source of all energy. Arudra Darshan celebrates this ecstatic dance of Shiva.[19][20]
It is essentially a Shaivite festival and celebrates the cosmic dance of Shiva, which is represented by the Nataraja form.[20][21][22] Arudhra (Thiruvathirai in Tamil) signifies the golden red flame and Shiva performs the dance in the form this red-flamed light. Shiva is supposed to be incarnated in the form of Nataraja during the Arudra Darshan day.[20]
Most of the temples[23][24][25] around the world with Nataraja and Shiva[26] as deity perform the Arudhra Darshan. Neivedhyam (food for God) made for Nataraja on that day is Thiruvathirai Kali.[27]
The festival is celebrated by Sri Lankan Tamils at Thinnapuram Sundareswarar Temple, it is called Elatu Chidambaram.[28][29]
As there is no date for Arudra Darshan in 2022, it will be celebrated twice in 2023, which is a common occurrence for same.[30]

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