Last War of the Roman Republic Begins - Animated Ancient History
Vložit
- čas přidán 11. 06. 2024
- Play Albion Online now! Support my channel by checking it out! play.albiononline.com/JK4M/1e...
Kings and Generals' historical animated documentary series on the history of Rome continues with an episode of the post-Caesar Civil Wars, as we look at what happened after the initial shock of Caesar's assassination. Previously we talked about the battle of Mutina and its aftermath ( • Post-Caesar Civil Wars... ) as Octavian, Antony, and Lepidus created a triumvirate, taking over Rome, which signaled to Brutus and Cassius, that there will be another civil war ( • Octavian and Antony: t... ). The latter collected their legions and started building their base of operations, leading to the battles of Xanthos and Rhodes ( • Battles of Xanthos and... ), and that, in turn lead to the battle of Philippi that would decide the fate of the war between the Caesareans and Pompeians ( • Battle of Philippi - P... ). After Philippi, Octavian and Antony basically divided Rome between them. In this episode we will see what was happening in the western part in 41-40 BC as Octavian had to deal with a number of enemies and crises, which culminated at the Perusian War where Caesar's heir was forced to fight Antony's wife Fulvia and his brother Lucius ( • Perusine War - Octavia... ). On the other side of the Roman realm, Parthian-Pompeian alliance led by prince Pacorus and Quintus Labienus invaded and forced Antony and his lieutenant Publius Ventidius Bassus to defend in West Asia in 40 BC ( • Pompeian-Parthian inva... ). Back west Octavian finally decided to attack Sextus Pompey in order to take over Sicily leading to a number of battles, most notable among them at Mylae in 36 BC ( • Octavian Attacks Pompe... ). Despite early setbacks, the campaign against Sicily continued with the help of Lepidus, and the victory at Naulochus allowed Octavian to defeat two of his enemies in one campaign - both Sextus Pompey and Lepidus ( • Octavian Defeats Two E... ). Meanwhile, to the east, Antony was planning to invade Parthia for a variety of reasons and we will see how the Parthians defeated the Romans yet again, after Crassus' disaster at Carrhae, during the disastrous Parthia - Atropatene campaign ( • How the Parthians Defe... ). Antony's defeat allowed Octavian to continue consolidating power and in this video we will see how they became enemies, as Octavian started anti-Cleopatra propaganda and how the last war of the Roman Republic began, leading to the battle of Actium.
What Happened In Rome After Caesar's Assassination: • What Happened In Rome ...
Battle of Mutina: • Post-Caesar Civil Wars...
Octavian and Antony: the Monsters: • Octavian and Antony: t...
Battles of Xanthos and Rhodes: • Battles of Xanthos and...
Battle of Philippi: • Battle of Philippi - P...
Perusine War: • Perusine War - Octavia...
Sicilian War #1: • Octavian Attacks Pompe...
Caesar in Gaul: • Caesar in Gaul - Roman...
Caesar against Pompey: • Caesar against Pompey ...
How Caesar Won the Great Roman Civil War: • How Caesar Won the Gre...
What Happened In Rome After Caesar's Assassination: • What Happened In Rome ...
Medieval Battles: • Medieval Battles
Roman History: • Roman History
Marcus Aurelius: • Marcus Aurelius - Phil...
Aurelian: • Aurelian: Emperor Who ...
Commodus: • Did Commodus End the G...
Milvian Bridge: • Milvian Bridge 312 - R...
Script: Peter Voller
Video: Yağız Bozan and Murat Can Yağbasan
Narration: Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & / @gameworldnarratives )
Become a channel member: / @kingsandgenerals or patron: / kingsandgenerals to watch exclusive videos, get early access to all videos, learn our schedule, join our private discord and much more! You can donate through Paypal paypal.me/kingsandgenerals as well!
✔ Merch store ► teespring.com/stores/kingsand...
✔ Patreon ► / kingsandgenerals
✔ Podcast ► www.kingsandgenerals.net/podcast/
✔ PayPal ► paypal.me/kingsandgenerals
✔ Twitter ► / kingsgenerals
✔ Facebook ► / kingsgenerals
✔ Instagram ► / kings_generals
Sources:
heliotrope-brazil-913.notion....
Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: www.epidemicsound.com
00:00 Prelude to Actium
02:03 Octavian's Political Maneuvers and Antony's Parthian Campaign
05:55 Antony in Armenia, Octavian's Adriatic Campaign
07:15 Octavian's Sister, Octavia, Her Role in the Conflict
08:52 Controversial 'Donations' and Their Interpretations"
09:27 Propaganda against Cleopatra
14:27 Last War of the Roman Republic Begins
#Caesar #Documentary #RomanHistory #AlbionOnline
![Eminem - Houdini [Official Music Video]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/22tVWwmTie8/mqdefault.jpg)
Play Albion Online now! Support my channel by checking it out! play.albiononline.com/JK4M/1e21mfxv
Somebody please help! Does anyone know the name of the background music at 26:10 of K&G's Alexander Balkan Campaign video? Link here: czcams.com/video/SndWlYj9zQM/video.html
I will name a street in my city after Kings And Generals if I become a dictator or something.
Any idea when the follow up will be on yt? Love ur roman videos
@@Algeo69 working on it
@@KingsandGenerals Thank u, love the channel
Whatever happen from here, you know Lucius Vorenus would turn loyalty into a vice and gave Octavian a 1st spear centurion size headache
Best roman series ever❤
Yep. Best mini-series on cable at the time.
Kinda makes one wonder why HBO didn't make either a prequel about the Carthaginian Wars or a series about the rise of Byzantium and the break up of the Roman Empire.
All fertile ground for anyone with the resources to turn those time periods into a good story and show.
@@ravenrise320they cancelled the show early for game of thrones
@@Alexq79-They didn't cancel it because of Game of Thrones, they cancelled it because Rome was incredible expensive and didn't bring in that many people. The Game of Thrones connection is that it learned from Romes mistakes, which made it cheaper to produce.
@@ZiCUnlivedbirchAlso, I believe the set burned down, and the cost of rebuilding it was prohibitive to making another season, or even a Rome movie, which was being talked about.
"I love democracy...I love the Republic..in order to ensure the security and continuing civility, the Republic will be reorganized as the FIRST ROMAN EMPIRE! FOR A SAFE AND SECURE SOCIETY!"
- Octavian after dealing with Anthony.
"Anakin! The emperor is evil. I fight for the Republic! For democracy!"
Hey all, I was the writer and historian for this episode, hope you enjoyed! If you've got any questions or feedback for me, please do leave them below and I'll do my best to get around to them all!
After researching the era of Octavian, what do you think of him in general? People like Historian Civilis imo has made a lot of weird claims about Octavian which to say the least certainly goes against the grain of what we protray Augustus to be, so I’m curious to hear what you think
@@chernweimah9124 at some point near the end of this series, there'll probably be an episode which looks at him in detail and fleshes our some of these ideas, but in short he's fascinating. Definitely one of the greatest politicians of all time, an absolute master propagandist, and a very shrewd man who knew his strengths and weaknesses. He was also incredibly ruthless, far more so than he is often portrayed. Part of the reason for that is because, as Augustus, he had the luxury of being able to be generous and benevolent, but he got to that place because as Octavian, he was ruthlessly ambitious, knowingly ordering the deaths of thousands of civilians in order to further his own career and using any dirty trick in the book, including betrayal, blackmail, corruption, etc. Its so interesting trying to find the reality of the man behind the mirage that he himself created and still persists today
Great job. Loved the presentation. How did Gaius Maecenas contribute with Octavius' faction during this 5 year period?
@@petervoller3404thanks so much, what a fascinating insight and I hope u get to do that video one day, it’s nice to hear impartial rhetoric! Is it true as well that Octavian conducted human sacrifices in Julius Caesar’s temple etc? These were made by HC which I haven’t found anything else about.
@@paulosabibhe was something of a left hand man to Octavian. In this particular period, he seems mostly to have been acting as Octavians representative in Rone, while Octavian warred with S. Pompey and then Antony. Not a lot is known about what he was up to for most of this period though, he was clearly well trusted by Octavian and his name gets dropped a fair few times in a variety of writers, showing he was an influential man, but theres very little actual information on him. I suspect this is because he was dealing with the more bureaucratic stuff, which wasnt as interesting as the wars of agrippa and octavian, and so didnt get much love in the historical record.
I believe Antony made the Donations of Alexandria as a continuation of his eastern policy of rearranging Rome's client rulers as a buffer zone and check against Parthia, under the overall oversight of Cleopatra and their children, and that this strategy at first had at least tacit support from Octavian. There are accounts of a similar event, unfortunately poorly documented and understood, at Antioch, in cca 37. b.c. just prior to Antony's campaign into Armenia and Parthia, where Cleopatra was granted additional territories.
This event was so significant to both of them that we know Cleopatra started minting new coinage and counted her new regnal years from that event, and the fact it was held in the capital of the quite recently defunct Seleucid empire, probably indicates that Anthony was planning to bring the East into the Roman fold via Cleopatras blood ties to the Seleucids and hereditary claim to their empire, as opposition to the Parthians (the Seleucid rule being terminated by Pompey only about 30 years prior).
Antony overdid it in the end, however. He lost the war, he overstepped, and played right into Octavians hands, who used it as propaganda fuel for his final showdown. Their rivalry was a complex interplay of personal, political, foreign and internal reasons.
Very interesting
I wish you guys went into detail of how Agrippa used land and sea tactics to secure Illyrias coast. Along with the two injuries and dangerous scenarios that he got himself into.
There is an Actium episode coming up and it will feature it?
Seeing Octavian be represented in Blue and Marc Antony in Red feels almost cursed.
They should be flipped, Blue is traditionally a Greek color and represents Athens. Antony was always more at home in Greece than Rome.
Red is Roman to the core.
Octavian knew the writing was on the wall when it came to Mark Antony, his descent into the 'playboy life' lets call it was never going to stop Octavian from gaining what he believed was his birthright - to lead the empire. Add into this the brilliance of Agrippa as his right hand, it was inevitable even if Mark Antony had returned to his previous more diligent self. Love the videos, keep up the good work!
A phenomenal presentation, very much appreciated. This 5-year pre-Actium period from the victory of Augustus and Agrippa against Sextus Pompey to the actual battle of Actium has always been a bit fuzzy for me. I've ready many of the books by Barry Strauss, Anthony Everitt, Adrian Goldsworthy, Mary Beard, Tom Holland, etc... and all of these authors do a phenomenal job of presenting the material. And yet... it gets all muddled up in my mind. I really enjoyed this video and feel that I have a clearer picture of this 5-year period that will help me when I start to re-read many of the books that are now accumulating dust on the shelves. Thank you!
This is on a whole new level, respect to the Kings and Generals team!
Your Roman histories have always been my favorite videos.
*Dude, the super-Documentary of Caesar's Gallic Wars, Civil Wars, Octavian's Wars and Augustus is gonna be lit.*
People usually just touch on Marcus Agrippa while focusing on Octavian.
He was so much more than just another general, and I often wonder why no one does a deep dive on his life.
Part of the reason for this is that, despite being a hugely important historical figure, there's surprisingly little information about Agrippa. He just sort of appears in the historical record while Octavian is fighting it out with Antony in Italy, we don't really know anything about his early life. We can speculate that he did certain things, like possibly fighting at Mutina, but that's all just guesswork. Even during the Civil War, when he was the most important military man in the Roman world, there's not a lot about him: he's major accomplishments are often just footnotes in our sources (like Methone) or give the glory to Octavian instead (like Actium). Part of the reason why he was so successful and so cherished by Octavian was probably that he doesn't seem to have sought out the limelight and was kinda chill with Octavian reaping his glory. He does get some fleshing out every now and then, but I genuinely don't think that there is enough information on him to do a full, deep biography. Maybe there'd be enough for a 20 min video though...
I know most people praise Octavian (and for good reason) while Mark Anthony is the sore loser of this story, I will be the one to talk about this colossus of a Roman. Mark Anthony was the last man of the Roman Republic. He was the last straw for the destruction of the past and make new way to the Roman Empire. A great soldier, general, friend and a second man. He was a true party man, alchoholic and the personification of the roman orgies😂. He definitely had his flaws and probably they were greater than his pros. However he was one of the most important personalities of Roman History and played a huge role into the creation of this new era. A General, A Lover. A Roman.
He was good soldier and able commander, but *awful* politician.
His biggest mistake was thinking he'd face Octavian. He never understood the new state Octavian was moving forward did no longer merge political and military leadership, and everyone kept underestimating Agrippa...
"And Brutus is an honourable man"
“You assumed the manly gown, which you soon made a womanly one: at first a public prostitute, with a regular price for your wickedness, and that not a low one.” Cicero condemning Mark Antony
Octavian was a master chess player on the political field and he simply outclassed Mark Antony. Antony also did himself no favors aligning himself with Cleopatra. Octavian exploited that weakness.
Anthony lost before it started, he didn't have a Marcus Agrippa lol
@@martind5565 😂
@@martind5565he had very talented generals, but he wasted his campaign in Parthia and then left himself vulnerable while Octavian kept building up his patron-client network.
@@geordiejones5618 I still think the best way out for Antony would have been to join the "Roman war against Egypt" and just annex the country to his provinces. But in his stead, none of us would have acted this way.
It is astonishing how history works as a mirror reflecting events
a First Triumvirate being formed by three men and one of them had less power than the other two initially (Caesar) a Second Triumvirate being formed by three men and one of them had less power than the other two initially (another Caesar aka Augustus) one of the bonds of the First Triumvirate was Marriage( the Marriage of Pompey and Julia-daughter of Caesar-) one of the bonds of the Second Triumvirate was Marriage( the Marriage of Mark Antony and Octavia-Augustus’s sister-) the First Triumvirate started to break when a Triumvirate died(Crassus) the Second Triumvirate started to break when a Triumvirate(Lepidus) lost his power
The one who emerged Victorious out of the First Triumvirate was(Caesar) who started initially with less power than the other two the one who emerged Victorious out of the Second Triumvirate was(another Caesar aka Augustus) who started initially with less power than the other two.
This event was so significant to both of them that we know Cleopatra started minting new coinage and counted her new regnal years from that event
Been waiting for this for a while. Thanks K&G!
Aggrriiba comming up!!!!
Finally. Been waiting forever for this series to continue.
Been waiting for this for soooo long! Bring out more roman republic and empire videos!
That is perfect to understand how the situation turned so bad after ceasar !! Thanks for this video insane quality as always !! Keep Going on
Amazingly detailed work again regarding one of the crucial moments in history. Thank you.
Great content looking forward to the rest of this series!
It's crazy how many imperial practices got started during the 91-31 civil war period. The rivalries of Marius-Sulla, Pompey-Caesar and Antony-Octavian completely overturned the Republic, because otherwise it would have splintered into smaller states.
Agrippa captured a considerable number of Illyrian ships, after studying their properties he created a new type of ship, the liburne. Narrower and more agile than older types, they enabled better maneuverability and victory in the Battle of Actium
You have intrigued me. The next episode better be here very soon! 🤩
I do like the idea that you touch of the Octavian propoganda and while there might be an element of truth to it, it's always a reminder to not take everything as 100% fact especially if it comes from the victors.
what, you think the losing side is more prone to being honest?
I don't think that really matters
This was an awesome video. Thanks for taking the time and care on those animations!
Thanks!
love this time period, will watch the next episode
I LOVE WHEN Y'ALL DO BC ERA VIDEOS
This may be my favorite video of yours on the Roman Civil War 🙌
I always love your videos!
well, done on the documentary. very detailed.
Another piece of art. Thank you for your amazing work
Love your videos Kings and Generals
Thx for doing this awesome job
If Antony took a convenient moment to take his legions and depose Cleopatra (I doubt there was any army that Cleopatra could throw at 16 Roman Legions), annex Egypt fully, and pay his troops well with the newfound wealth - would he have basically started an Eastern Roman Empire? Because all these accusations about being "bewitched" to a foreign queen would suddenly lose water, and I doubt Romans would be particularly made at this move (compared to him allegedly taking orders from a foreign queen).
Given Antony's popularity, Octavian is kind of forced to sit in a cold war, or start an aggressive war he so desperately tried to avoid. Over longer periods of time, if this status quo remains, the Western half of the empire is going to suffer from a more difficult border situation AND lower revenues. Unless I missed something.
I doubt that Octavian would've let Antony live. Octavian would've used a different opportunity
@@dale6947 You do make a very good point on his reliance on client kings and his need to keep a reputation
@@shamsishraq6831 Well, certainly not bewitched, but remember, the guy was in love with her. It takes a different kind of ruthlessness to betray one's lover like that.
@@dale6947what would the turks do I am wondering, had he done that?
@@dale6947 Exactly. Also, Cleopatra offered multiple benefits. She and Caesarion offered a link to the memory of Julius Caesar and so a kind of legitimacy. Also, the Ptolemies were a link to Alexander the Great. So apart from her simply being the established ruler of the richest country in the Mediterranean she represented its oldest and most famous ruing house (regardless of the previous century of decline). Ppl shit on Antony because he lost. But if he had won he would not only rule the Roman Republic but be inducted into the most famous house of the greek east.
yes!!!! been waiting for this
Very informative
Thanks for another good video ⚔️
Was waiting for the post-Caesar civil wars video seies. Thanks!
P.s 5 ildi izləyirəm sizi. Hər dəfə söhbət tarixdən düşəndə, dostlarıma deyirəm ki. Azərbaycanlıların kanalı var, ən yaxşı tarix kanallarındandı, izləyin. Çalışdığım qədər tanıdıram ətrafımda kanalı. Uğurlarınız bol olsun❤
Excellent video
Great video
I am very excited for this series
I couldn't wait open this video and section on Ceasarion. I always feel like the Ceasarion Section is cut out of most history, and that you brought it into the world is great.
Mostly because there isn't much about him in the sources.
I need an fully Chapter on Octavian and his best friend who made him Augustus, the first man in Rome and the first emperor. By this I am speaking of Marcus Agrippa the great general and the second man in Rome
Love this era of history thank you for the great video covering it :)
"Having rejected his loving wife Octavia. Mark Antony has coupled himself to the sorceress Cleopatra, promising her dominion of all Rome! He worships dogs and reptiles, he blackens his eyes with soot like a prostitute, he dances and plays the cymbals in vile Nilotic rites!"
That old political cartoon of two people shaking hands with wide friendly smiles even as they each held knives behind their backs is pretty much Roman sometimes ally-sometimes enemy relationships in a nutshell.
Most career politicians are scumbags. Honourable people usually don't choose that line of work.
"for who would not weep when he hears that the great Mark Antony now pays homage to foreign gods, that he has abandoned his wife, his child and his country
For he is no longer a Roman, but an Egyptian"
Great work!
This whole series of events feels like the sequel to a much more popular prior show where the writers just stop giving an f.
"I dunno, make them enemies and fight in another big climactic battle again."
It actually gets worse. We mostly skipped all the marriage and dynastic shenanigans in this season and would cover them in the next seasons. They make GRRM look very reasonable.
Excellent, looking forward to it :)@@KingsandGenerals
I'm so glad the series continues!
Love these ones, modern stuff is just not my thing
Hello there! I'm from Mexico and also a History student! Great job!
Great work I love this series❤
I can imagine the moment where the Roman Republic became the Roman Empire:
Agrippa: I can't believe your father ever respected that clown (Antony)
Octavian: My father was a great man but one his weaknesses was his mercy.
Agrippa: And his taste in women
Octavian: You have two choices in this world my friend, love or power. My father chose the former. As did Antony.
Agrippa: I think you know my answer to that.
Octavian: Indeed I do which is why you are here as you should be. This farce has gone on long enough.
Agrippa: For the Republic.
Octavian: For the Empire and my father who helped built it.
Cleopatra went to the city of Patra in Southern Greece :P
Imagine if Antony won, how he would've shaped the narrative to his benefit. Much like how Octavian mostly lied about the truth to make him more illustrious in the eyes of history.
Exactly why History is not always factual but anecdotal.
In my opinion, it is quite obvious that what Octavian did was simply releasing propaganda against Mark Anthony and is simply looking for an excuse to annex Egypt.
Speaking of Egypt, I would like to here how the thema system functioned after the Roman Empire lost Egypt and Carthage, the so-called Breadbaskets of the Empire, to the Umayyad Caliphate.
She was the Yoko Ono of her age! 🤣🤣🤣
Not surprised that Politicians today are doing this 100x. They know their history lol
Anthony and Senators: "In the name of the senate, you're under arrest."
Octovian: "I am the senate!"
Marcus Titius sounds like someone out of 'Up Pompei.'
For those old enough to remember it.
Suddenly missing that HBO series that was cancelled too soon.
Finally 🙏
This must be the very first time Ive ever heard Mark Anthony described as a "talented politician" 🤨
He doesn't get a lot of credit today and his political skill is often underappreciated. Just to give one example though, turning basically all of Rome against the Liberators and forcing them to flee the city off the back of one speech would impress even Machiavelli!
so it begins the beginning of the end
Is the Alexander series over or a last episode is yet to come?
I think is over
The last episode will be added to the long video
@@KingsandGenerals Is it arriving soon?
Octavian had been taking over the whole west while Antony was failing against Parthia. Antony's campaign in Illyria was about regaining lost Dignatus, the entire reason they were fighting in the first place.
Does anyone know the song at 11:44?
Please
Anthony letter to Octavian would never not be funny
Remember it’s all Pullo’s fault he should’ve stayed in formation.
I love Kings and Generals breakdown of battles. But holy moly why would you use blue to represent Octavians controlled lands. It took my brain and eyes awhile to adjust to the Mediterranean, Atlantic, Black Sea and Caspan being green.
They actually accused Anthony of being a feet fetishist to tarnish his image lol
Did they say Anthony was a good politician? He fucked rome up when he was in charge whilst ceaser was in Egypt and almost caused a full revolt due to his inability to govern 😮
I'd argue that's being a bad administrator, which he definitely was, he didn't care for the day-to-day ruling and wasn't great at it. But I'd still argue he was a solid *politician* because of things like protecting Caesar while he was a Tribune of the Plebs, managing to rally all of Rome against the liberators with one speech, successfully managing the complex politics of the East to create a united front against Octavian, and managing to win over a large amount of the Senators during the Civil war. Not the greatest politician of all time, sure, but better than he's given credit for.
@@petervoller3404 i accept the argument, very well put. He must have been decent to survive and thrive. When he managed rome it was without a full senate so didnt have to face much opposition and the speech he gave was easy in the sense that the people loved ceaser and not the senate, but i agree he was a better politician than many think of.its just the way they skated over shit job he had done 10 years earlier thought it worth a mention.
Wow, that’s weird.
I was just thinking about Rome…
Ah yes, intrigue always brings out Empires.
The second triumvirate
Watch the series called Rome it was brilliant
Great video keep it up you're doing amazing things 😁👍
I bequeath Parthia to my children all the time. I figure it's up to them to collect it.
Father of the year
Antony: Primus Inter Simpus.
While historians say the "republic" ended in 27BC, the term "Res Publica" continues to be used for centuries in the empire.
This is going to be good :)
Damn yall got here quick
A couple good reasons.
Holy shit.
I wonder what would've happened had Marc Antony n Cleopatra won instead. How different history would've been.
All hail Agrippa!!!
If only Marc Anthony still have Ventidius in 31 BC.
Rome the miniseries on HBO was great but there should have been more battle scenes.
And now the final movement begins...
duh duh duh
Well, with the risk of sounding crass, at least Mark Anthony got some of that Cleussy, while Octavian had to settle for big Samwise Gamgee energy Agrippa's bff. Heh.
Foot rubbing! Even today it is one of the worst crimes.
Will there be a remake of the battle of Actium?
Yep
@@KingsandGenerals I was hoping this since a long time :). Are there in the next week some planned only member videos about Rome, if you are allowed to tell me. Cause I am planning to rebuy it for a second month
@@Roman_History_fan yep, an episode on Rome will be in the next poll
@@KingsandGenerals thank you! I will get the membership this week ;)
Where is the link to join the discord?
It is explained in the schedule post
@@KingsandGenerals okay thanks sorry
Civil wargorithm
Where/when is the next episode?!?!?!?! 🫨