How will Fermilab’s new accelerator propel particles close to the speed of light?
Vložit
- čas přidán 28. 06. 2020
- The PIP-II project at Fermilab includes the construction of a 215-meter-long particle accelerator that will accelerate particles to 84% of the speed of light. It is the first U.S. particle accelerator project with significant contributions from international partners. Research institutions in France, India, Italy, Poland, the UK and the United States are building major components of the new machine. Superconducting radio-frequency cavities will provide the electromagnetic waves that propel particles to 800 million electronvolts. The new particle accelerator will enable Fermilab to generate an unprecedented stream of neutrinos-subtle, subatomic particles that could hold the key to understanding the universe’s evolution. It will power the scientific program for the international, Fermilab-hosted Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) and Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF).
PIP-II particle accelerator project:
pip2.fnal.gov
DUNE at LBNF:
lbnf-dune.fnal.gov - Věda a technologie
I need Dr.Don Lincoln to explain Superconducting radio frequency cavities.
Yes, yes! I watch several of his vidoes every day and have learned so much. Now with the PIP-2 project there will be plenty of cutting edge learning and home work to look forward to. God speed your endeviors. Kevin
He has explained Radio Frequency cavities (in his how do particle accelerators work video), but I don't think they were super conducting.
They work the same as normal conducting. The difference is that the SRF has higher Q factor, meaning low heat loss as stated in the video.
TL:DR SRF cavities work the same as normal RF but can get accelerate to higher speeds because superconducting.
Tell people the radio frequency is 5G
contribution of india is significant
Rock on Fermilab. Your work gives us hope when everything seems to be a little bit insane.
Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment.... D.U.N.E.
The spicy neutrinos must flow.
Electron, muon, tau, and melange neutrinos
Back again! Love it...sharing now with all I can.
Awesome, looking forward to the next Discovery!
Hi Fermilab! Glad you're still with us!
I love Fermilab's videos. Always fascinating and informative.
Still, PR videos can not replace educational videos.
Damn thats beautiful. I was curious about the benefits of geometry in wave propagation. Increase in neutrino emissions is wonderful.
Nice to hear about India contributing to some truly fundamental research. :)
super great animations,
Great narration,
good job to creators!
Wow India included, Thank you US
In fact India is one of the major contributor!
keep up the good work Fermi Lab I hope that you soon find another new particle such as the Higgs Bozon
Can Don or someone explain different experiments for "pulsed" and "continuous" beams.
Indeed
I'm sorry, is English not your first language? Seems self-evident to me.
Continuous beam looks like this: _____________________
Pulsed beam looks like this: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
@@malenotyalc What do you mean? Are new in this channel?
Fully automatic vs 3 round burst:)
It's great to see all these advancements in physics, the next project that I am excited about, is the eu sanctioned supercollider for cern.
as someone working on the FCC, let me tell you that I think an even bigger challenge than solving the physics problems we face is getting the funding secured ...
Do you know the formula of sodium hypobromide?
NaBrO
Lol
Dying over here.
@@Chinookman rip
*EXTRAORDINARY*
I'm a little curious about results from particle collisions. Especially when similar head-on collisions do not always yield the same particles. I am inclined to think some of the differing results may be related to the exact moment of the collision, or more precisely, the exact moment of oscillations a particle is going through. By this, I mean that if a particle shows up only half the time from similar head-on collisions, then we may be seeing only the top half of the full sine wave. Like a bouncing ball, it bounces up and down, then rolls across a little, then bounces up again, then rolls across again. We would not be seeing the bottom half of the full sine wave. And from the particles that do show up, if twice as many of those particles have a lesser measured value than particles of the highest measured value, this would also indicate we are seeing particles from the two "legs" of the sine wave and one particle at the peak of the sine wave, but nothing from the bottom portion of the sine wave. Just curious.
A lot of love from Indian 🇮🇳❤️
Could this be combined with research I've seen using ultra tiny compartments in etched glass for particle acceleration? The power savings could be incredible if so.
Amazing technology. The power of the human mind...
Why is the right hydrogen atom at 1:59 positvely charged when it has one proton and one electron?
I think it should say neutral for the hydrogen on the right.
They're optimists, for them neutral *is* positive
Please don't destroy the whole experiment by telling them! :)
And this is how a black hole is accidentaly built!
They are just using the negative ones so nobody corrects the other label.
Respect and gratitude to all the people working at Fermilab.
Respect if they can put this international collection of junk into something that can push an atom to 0.84C. Gratitude if they stop screwing up my TV reception.
COOL!
This facility to me,,, is the example of sustainable higher education that I wish was called regular training. Everyone interested in learning needs to have the experience
and awareness for mental development that these large gov. funded facilities provide. I like playing with the nitrogen.
WOW ! THANKS!
has this video been released before?
Yes, late last week with an error in a graphic. They pulled it to correct over the weekend. Fast I must credit them!
My thoughts also - thanks David W.
Was wondering if 'they' somehow made this information travel faster than the speed of light, since the Fermilab video list only shows this one in their feed.
3:00 The copper wires in the machine are literally bent into peaks and valleys along the way, or virtually with an electromagnetic frequency...or both?
Proud that India is also contributing towards PIP-II
What’s the current limit due to frequency?
How owesome is this even😉
What Poland has done in this project?
Cryogenic instrumentation (I think)
When is it expected to be operational. Looking forward to it
Late 2020s!
Looking forward to those Neutroginos!
You hyped the accelerator so much I was hoping you would say that within 10 years you will be able to put an extra set of super conductor accelerators on the end and push past 90% the speed of light.
For this part, even if the speed and energies are impressive, an important part is actually _how many_ rather than _at what energy_. Neutrino beams need a lot of protons.
Is this accelerator a pilot project for the International Linear Collider Collaboration?
Why all the effort? Just type: pip install pip2
@MichaelKingsfordGray *Grow. And it's youtube not the DMV. You must be american of you thought my comment was offensive
I enjoyed your joke about python
It's like a giant, elongated linear Klystron tube for hydrogen ions (plasma?) instead of electrons.
@RDE Lutherie I worked a radar site once upon a time where the power amplifier was 4 X626 Klystrons in parallel for peak power of 5MW. Waveguide as big as heating ducts. Power from a dynamo on a diesel locomotive engine. Everything in the old days was done with big hammers.
outstanding
India is contributing a lot
Proud to be an Indian
So will this particle accelerator be able to test something fundamentally different from CERN or is it simply what's necessary to power the neutrino experiment?
Yes, CERN and the LHC also do particle physics experiments, but they cannot study neutrinos (or at least, they produce far too few of them and with waaaay too much energy to do what DUNE wants to do). The neutrino experiments really need a huge number of protons impinging on the target to create enough visible neutrinos to exhibit the effect we want to measure.
Why was this video privated and now unprivated?
Ahh, but can it go up to 11?
How do you get Protium to have 2 electrons and wouldnt it chemically be helium ?
That's inspiring
Could u make a video on the Nutrino lab fed by this Particule accelerator. I did not know Nutrino experiment could be done on earth due to the inherent unknown variables. Eg, reproducing the power of a star in our back yard, Earth, to produce Nutrinos, i thought it was reserved for out of space labs, if possible. Some of us do not believe in Nutrino burts related to space-time continuum. Yet we know Nutrinos do exist and probably are the cause-effect for keeping the Universe together.
Is this the intro to a new Flash series ??
I am getting confused about photoelectric effect . Do only the inner shell electrons undergo photoelectric effect ? Photoelectric effect is an absorption phenomenon . What if a high energy photon collided with an outermost electron ? The condition here is that the outermost electron is not in the conduction energy band but in the valence band. Is this means that things like compton effect will not happen? Because Compton effect is only applicable to the electrons in the valence band.
Another example of people being the best human beings can be !
W8 what physics goals are there at 1 GeV?
It's amazing what we can achieve when we collaborate together 🌹.
This looks hella complex
U shake the field to speed it up?
Thumbnail for the video looked like two people walking along unused gym :D
Didn't I watched this or is it uploaded second time? Yeah, it was three days ago; what is changed?
What’s the difference between the pip 2 and the LHC? Which One accelerates particles at the highest energy levels?
I believe the LHC produces higher energies, but they do different things and have different goals.
Where is the Accellerator from S.T.A.R. Labs? :D
You left your radio playing.
Don Umii Don Don
Its U.S. citizenship required to get job in Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory ? Thank you .
Is 84% of the speed of light approaching relativistic speeds
Barely....
Time and space are dilated relative to the *square* of that percentage of light speed (0.84^2 = 0.7056).
That means you have to get a lot closer to the speed of light than if the effect were merely according a simple proportion of light speed.
At 84% light speed, you're getting 70.56% of the 100% dilation that would "mathematically" occur at the physically unattainable speed of light.
So, at 84% the speed of light, time is slowed to 29.44% of its rate in our reference frame. (1-0.7056=0.2944)
So, if you were on a space ship traveling at that speed for ten years according to time on earth, less than 3 years would pass for you and your fellow space travelers.
@@videoinformer nice m8
@@videoinformer the delation factor is not the square of the speed v devided by the speed of light c (i.e. 0.84^2 here) that but the square root of (1-v^2/c^2)...
@@videoinformer 30%...that seems quite significant right?
One of the greatest technologically advanced institutions in the world, and you still have to measure in football field lengths. Oh well, at least you used metric as well.
And it's not even the "football" that most of the world is thinking.
Why 84% speed of light is the limit was designed?? and what is the improvment of quantum computing analisis at this new experiment??
Feeling proud to be an Indian
Perhaps someday these particles will achieve Ludicrous Speed, but they'll have to adjust for all that Plaid.
Imagine the U.S. funding scientific research instead of the Military.
Then the Russians and Chinese will come, steal the results, and force the surviving scientists to work in GULAG conditions.
@Null Pointer Sure it is published, but it will not stop the rogue antidemocratic states from forcefully trying to get access to US facilities, wealth, and scientists if there is no prevailing US military force to defend them. I know, I was there, behind the Iron Curtain.
You mean besides the $70 million a year spent on basic science from the military budget.
@@amandaklapp1171 You're an idiot...
@George Harakas You're an idiot.
"... about the length of two football fields." I'm a nerd watching a physics video. I have no idea how long a football field is.
I also do hate when they use football field, school bus, thumb, shark head, john cena butt in measurments. This is a adult science channel no need to dumb it down. And oh inch pound feet when everything from quantum mechanics to relativity is in meters.
How exactly does the PIP-II accelerator work? It just does. ~ Joe Dirts dad.
What would the mass of a hydrogen particle be at that velocity?
You nicked my question! ....... That means it is not totally out there ;0)
The mass is the same as if it isn't moving at all.
And here is me believing that to accelerate Any mass to c would require infinite energy because the mass would also be infinite!
Of course I was told this before Quantum Theory was as embedded as it now is, so maybe it would only be half infinity and then only if you observed it?
Ahh! Good to know I wasn't totally wrong then! ;0)
@ Pretty please, don't encourage the use of "relativistic mass".
Iam from India 🇮🇳🇮🇳
Could you tell me about what Poland is responsible for?
Cryogenic instrumentation (I think)
At least the US is not dependent on China for Niobium.
معجل تيفاترون ينسف بمعجنات تي ان تي
Money well spent. Go Fermilab!
so when can we spect a gostbusters grade Proton Pack?
What is your opinion of Chris Langans CTMU theory? it’s a theory that supposedly explains reality itself and it brings in the use of both Philosophy and Science.
[1] It is CTMU theory NOT CMSU
[2] Langan is a fraud & life failure - last time I heard about him he was working as a bouncer [door minder] at a bar
[3] he & his fan boys keep trying unsuccessfully to edit his Wiki page to 'big up' his reputation & to create credentials for him - all of the claims about being a genius with high IQ originated with him & one of his followers - it's bullshit
[4] Langan is a 9/11 Truther & a 'white genocide' conspiracy theorist - he claimed that 9/11 was instigated by George Bush as part of a program by the government to suppress his CTMU theory. If the government wanted to suppress CTMU they can go after Langan himself rather than killing thousands of people.
[5] He is a racist & an anti-Semite.
[6] His fancy jargon is stolen from many sources especially the Intelligent Design movement from where he got "irreducible complexity" & "specified complexity"
[7] When asked to explain CTMU in greater detail he gets offended & argumentative
[8] The maths he used to "prove God" is nonsense
[9] his book on his theory will never come out, because it would expose how weak his reasoning is - he uses the same word salad as theologians to disguise the emptiness of his stolen, cobbled together ideas.
Uh, real football pitches don't have lines drawn across them like that...
Interesting, but what is the point?
84% speed of light 0_o
Finally, finally, finally someone explains in detail how it's done! And with great 3D animations to show it too. Why some people disliked this video is beyond me. I think they must be Trumpists or something.
Some denizens of the CZcams comments deny Einstein's research and all physics after it.
Plebs.
@MichaelKingsfordGray many scientists follow Trump?? I don't even know how to reply to that. And so I won't. There's no reasoning with some people.
@@johngrey5806 There's no reasoning with an ideologue John which begs the question why you thought bringing politics into a science presentation was a good idea.
@@sg-oe9wb it was probably bothering me at the time.
Electric fields dont have units of volts tho, are u talking about energy and simply the work the field does?
800MeV only? Seriously?
What is it for ? And what’s going to do ? Can somebody tell me
Beans power.
What the intention of all this? What outcome do you want or expect? Why?
The idea which isn't developped in this video is to create a neutrino beam, which can be used to discover physis properties of the neutrinos. For example do neutrinos and antineutrinos travel in the same way. If they don't, this can help to explain why we see more matter than antimatter, which in turn can explain... why we are here.
I probably miss the point.
But, why is 84% the speed of light significant?
LHC can reach 99.999999%.
And it's predecessor, the Large Electron-Positron Collider, up to 99.999999999999%.
That's just the first stage of acceleration, the protons are then accelerated further in the Booster and Main Injector. At the end they reach 99.9965%. Note that the LHC accelerate very few protons for each collision compared to the number of protons which is impinging the target at Fermilab.
@@pierrelasorak3241 Funny none of that is mentioned in the video above.
I wanna put my hand at the output tbh
Once again, y use superconductors I instead II?
wut
Big project but the little guy next to HLC and biggest brother, ITER.
I know this a 'propaganda' video, but nonetheless, I'm impressed by the science involved to make these experiments possible.
Feels like something from the beginning of a marvel movie
Well this explains it! I have been wondering why my TV reception has been going to crap down here in Naperville, and now I find out you have been putting together the International Superconducting Gigavolt TV Jammer up in Geneva! It's not funny anymore! Cut it out. Don't make me come up there!
I'm building one of these in my back yard. Please support me with a generous donation at Kickstarter.
Fantastic, but how do we make nukes out of this?
We don't! :)
So basically they are doing some weird things to avoid making a giant ring on their site.
They have a ring already.
what can this accelerator do that the LHC cant? LHC gets particles to go 99.99999% the speed of light and this one only gets then to 84%. in what way is pip2 better?
Nice to see America can actually corporate with other countries when you see how egoistic they are when it comes to Covid medicine!
WHAT is it used for? Travel? Health? Weapons? Whats the final outcome of this used for
Good.in future u will have water system the best clean one.no problems w.any.Water is most Power full.Gods.
What happens if Skynet takes over the lab?
Hey you guys need to let the people at CERN know that you don't need a mask 😹