This Powerful X-Ray Laser Can See the Invisible World
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- čas přidán 27. 08. 2024
- The LCLS-II will be the world's brightest x-ray laser when it delivers "first light" in the early 2020's. With this superconducting accelerator online, scientists will be able to see the hidden world of atoms and molecules like never before.
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Cover image credit: Nathan Taylor
The LCLS is short for the Linac Coherent Light Source. It's the world's first hard x-ray free electron laser. The LCLS uses a particle accelerator to fire extremely bright electrons to create fast pulses of hard x-rays, which is why the machine is called an x-ray laser.
At the time of its first light in 2009, the Linac Coherent Light Source generated x-ray pulses a billion times brighter than anything around. The LCLS is a tool unlike anything before it. We're able to deliver these pulses of x-rays in one millionth of one billionth of a second.
The LCLS maxes out at 120 pulses per second. So to see the ultra small world like never before, scientists and engineers are building something new. The LCLS-II is going to take the free electron laser field up another quantum leap. This will be unprecedented and will allow for a beam that's 8,000 times brighter than the LCLS beam and running at this million pulses per second.
#laser #xray #technology #seeker #science #focalpoint
Read More:
LCLS-II: A World-Class Discovery Machine
lcls.slac.stan...
“LCLS-II will provide a major jump in capability - moving from 120 pulses per second to 1 million pulses per second. This will enable researchers to perform experiments in a wide range of fields that are now impossible. The unique capabilities of LCLS-II will yield a host of discoveries to advance technology, new energy solutions and our quality of life.”
10 ways SLAC’s X-ray laser has transformed science
www6.slac.stan...
“If successful, LCLS would enable new science at ultrasmall, ultrafast scales. It would be a new tool, a “microscope” that could spy on the intricate movements of atoms and molecules, capturing their motion in freeze-frame “movies.” It would deepen our fundamental understanding of the building blocks of life and position scientists to make advancements in areas ranging from clean energy to next-generation computing and improved medicines.”
SLAC knows how the universe works. Now it's targeting your needs
www.cnet.com/n...
“A $1 billion upgrade called LCLS-II is turning the 2-mile-long accelerator into the world's most powerful X-ray laser. X-rays this powerful can be used like a super-intense camera flash -- bright enough to freeze the motion of molecules midway through chemical reactions.”
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If you like hearing about these large-scale projects like the LCLS-II, what other stories would you like us to cover in the new year? Let us know in the comments below.
Seeker why you hearted your own comment!! Like Bruh
The Wendelstein 7-x stellarator from Germany.
You guys cover some really cool stuff but please please don't dumb it down to the point that its under grade school level... If your watching this you probably have some basic scientific knowledge and please label the example pictures so people know exactly what we're looking at..
your videos sound less compared to other videos .... please change that
Make a death star
*All the Foolish People on Social Media Sometimes Make me Forget All the Super-Talented People on Earth*
Get ready for the evangelical conspiracy theorists. They are gonna eat this news up.
So true
What are y’all trying to find , do tell ?
there is a trend: each year fewer smart people, more stupid people
@@zubayeerahmed3801 Lmao. I was literally thinking about this while watching the video. Except these are the "Islamic" ones lol.
As an Engineering student, I don't know if I should be inspired or scared of lessons to come
Both maybe
@@jin-mori yea both...
As a physics student....i know how you feel :-D
As an engineering graduate I tell you to be inspired! Why would you be scared? 🤔
You can do as me and embrace all emotions at once and allow them to exist in a superposition state
In projects like these, I’m always wondering where do they find project managers, for this scope of complexity.
I thought the same thing :) Talk about an impossible job description. I have a hard enough time finding IT PM's.
They know a lot but they learn everything they know on the job I’m sure
I know a guy who’s father does project management for huge projects like LHC. He has a company that started somewhere and it grew, the company then took on increasingly more complex specialist projects and so it’s easy to find a project manager for such things.
You go to the big company that has successfully managed such projects and the negotiations begin.
@DontMaskTruth like u
A lot of times they come straight from the ranks of the engineers themselves, those with strong management skills end up in change of small teams and will progressively get promoted to lead larger and larger parts of projects.
I had a course in my undergrad where we got to work directly with project managers from JPL, they were all former engineers.
I love that I get to keep up with technology via Seeker, an understandable layman’s use of terminology means I don’t feel overwhelmed with science.
I like the part where they literally said: "More measurements per second mean faster results!"
This is gonna make chemistry class so much more interesting for kids. Now they'll get to watch real videos of atoms and subatomic particles in action.
i guess that is interesting
Yep. Just like the channel Journey to the Microcosmos really puts into perspective the microcosm much better than hand drawn figures in a lot of cases.
Maybe one in a billion kids will be interested in such activity. This kids barely can read nowadays.... and spelling ? forget about that.....
That's why the pike with the V blue mouth ate for its ifthari
Another day where I pretend I understand what's being said.
And another day I pretend not to understand for the likes of many
@@marcozolo3536 I wonder how many of these comments are those people cause it’s pretty smart
Science videos are infested with these clowns and their "I'm dumb haha" comments. These jokers should be banned from the comment sections. Nothing is too complex if one is willing to dedicate the time to understand the topic.
pretty much, they found a way to record molecular movement that moves faster than a second through x rays, and can help scientist around the world to better understand molecular properties and if they can be improved on.
Why these machines? Just use Quantum Computers for new medicine.
Go to my channel for 2 simple steps for my other channel, to learn more.
2:31 it looks like a bud 🤣
Quantum weed. It's the best.
Ahahaha true. Puff puff.
Lol
Wow scientist are so smart we have people that can design and build stuff like this while stupid people still believe the earths flat
I agree with your proposal to use the world's most powerful x-ray source to examine flattards, to better understand their fundamental failures.
There will always be the low Intelligence "tail" of the distribution curve. The naturally retarded have no control of their condition, so should receive care, and guidance. The growing population of gullible, stubbornly ignorant, and those lacking seemingly all ability of critical thought is alarming. In America, these people vote.
World is never runs out of stupid people.
I am not a flat earther but... The hologram theory basically says everything is 2D so it's entirely possible that the earth is flat.
@@billyb9089 Not a theory, an hypothesis. Also, discuss it with a cartographer. Let's see whether it holds against reality.
I thought the Thumbnail is a Portal to another Dimension hahaha🤣
It is. Dont u see it?
@@movin3148 Hope it will not turn to a Black Hole haha
@@movin3148 Hope it will not turn to a Black nole haha
The screen might as well be
@@clintonhalunajan467 black hole? Dont that seem a bit racist😂😂😂😂😂😂
the desire of humans to discover new things is just incredible
and we pretty much do it for no reason other than because we can
Not really. CPUs and SSD uses quantum laws to work, so we pretty much need this discoveries to exist as a society.
@@JohanDanielAlvarezSanchez well communication and technology is important yes but i mean in terms of just regular survival
we don't need them to survive but it sure does make life easier
"Terrabytes of data every second"
Ok but how do you even store that much data?
They probably have a big server with petabytes of storage
@@jin-mori The storage isn't problem, the bandwidth required to move the said data and write is tho.
@@jarrahello877 if they can build this 3km device, then building hardware that have very large bandwidth should be a small thing to them.
They're probably only recording for durations which are a fraction of a second.
@@jarrahello877 then maybe they have a high speed data cable that thicc as a desktop table
@Seeker is great at teaching me new technology I didn't even know were there.
Who dislikes this video? Lol this is literally the bleeding edge of science. Where discoveries are being made. Maybe they meant to press the like button and had really fat thumbs or something
It's the same kinds of people that believe we are treading where we shouldn't be (as in learning things that are sacred, "mother nature" idfk.) or just think its a hoax for views.
People who see projects like this as an excessive and unproductive use of money. People who don't understand that the computers that they watched the video on exist because of exploratory physics such as this.
Anti science, some social activists (who usually think its better to spend all the money for hungry people than make breakthrough in science)
Trumptards
um people not interested in that topic? you know how CZcams gets crazy recommending everything related to what you've watched recently.
That Strain At 2:30 Looks Awesome!
That shkrong shkrong.
That speed is mind boggling.
This is AWESOME on sooo many levels! Can’t wait to hear what new things they discover with this machine. 👏👍🇺🇸
"At this national lab, hidden deep underground, scientists have been conducting ground breaking research..."
All the ground breaking research... *but they still in underground lol*
Well how do you think they got underground lol
That's some expensive science being done over there.
Expensive? If there's one thing you should spend money on it's groundbreaking science. That enables all the other stuff. Our societies have been made with what science and engineers could come up with. All the technology they have provided using the scientific method. We should not care about money when it comes to space exploration for example. I think NASA's budget should immediately be tripled.
@@PresidentialWinner yeah its cool science stuff i guess
But but who's gonna pay for it? Government? This is socialism!!! Vuvuzela!
@@soldier6173 Here, although as if you would ever read this history.nasa.gov/sp482.pdf
I am constantly amazed at the brilliance of the entire team that makes these amazing machines.
1:05 I love that red coat!
Can you guys cover projects that DARPA is doing??
From 120 to 1 million pps is a huge jump!!
Thumbs down are people who don’t “science”.
You're witty
egocentric primitivists who don't need to exist in the future 💀
@@senorswordfish6019 - I'll mourn you in the future.
Probably mostly, but sometimes people who "science more" don't like over simple pop science. I'm more of the average science guy.
I think the "science more" people should at least appreciate that some of us average people appreciate science. The antiscience movement is highly disturbing, and dangerous. (see idiocracy) and trumpism.
This is the kind of thing that makes me stay awake during the night, just admiring Humanity's feats and creativity flourishing to a better understanding of our little sandbox universe
Forth with science
Wow , But how big is the hardrive that is being used , I mean terabytes of data per sec . . .
They prolly have super computers with complete data servers/centers lol but yeah so much data !!
They are not necessarily storing all the data. 90% or higher of the generated data they have already seen or stored in the servers. The rest of the data contains the actual fine structures. With advanced softwares they can recreate and observe all the things that is happening inside. CERN's LHC sensors produce Petabytes of data per second but most of them is filtered out by hardware filters and subsequently by software filters. It's really impressive.
I hope that someday soon that tours will be back at SLAC. I went for a public lecture some time ago and got to see your little museum, but I always wanted to see the accelerator, etc.
...........Super Amazing........
No super its simple
This is really great. I would really appreciate seeing more of the raw imagery they get. It's fun to reflect on what makes everything around us.
I hear Stranger Things in the background.
No one noticed the girl is wearing Edward Elrich's coat? They're alchemists! 😂
Epic
Full Metal?!
Science is amazing 😚😚😚
I wish they'd give more specific examples of what they plan to achieve.
I thought the same thing Don. When the guy at the end says we want to get into the "hard science", I was waiting for some explanation of what that hard science was :)
@@OnlyLyricsMatter I get that, but I don't think it's at that level of breakthrough. I think in order to receive the funding that they do they must have some specifics on mind. I'd even make a small wager they have some specific or definitive outcome (s) related to practical applications.
@@OnlyLyricsMatter that's incredible. Once we create a more benevolent society this will be appreciated.
But how though? Who comes up with all this stuff! It just incredible! I imagine you have to build everything from the ground up. How do they even come up with the software to run all this machines and collect all the data?
"If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants."
- Isaac Newton 1675.
They are not working alone. Nobody does.
@@Slackker_ this is probably the best comment I have seen in a long time. This is the heart of what science is, we build atop the successes and failures of those that came before us, we are where we are thanks to the generations that came before us and we must not forget what legacy we leave for the generations to come.
Casually going from 120 shots per second to over 1 million like it's nothing. 😂😂😂
ERROR @2:42 a femto second IS a 1 with 14 0 in front it (10^15)of after the decimal point, NOT 15 zeroes.
A 1 with 15 zeroes in front afterthe decipoint is one tenth of a femto (10^-16)
They didn't say 15 zeros after the decimal point, they said 15 zeros in front of 1. So technically not an error.
@@aheinstein291 "15 zeroes in front of 1" with respect to what ? If it not after the decimal point it can be anywhere along an infinite string of decimal position.
So glad to see new content on CZcams regarding modern science around photonics and radiation. There’s such a lack of content for stuff like this… Which is a real shame because lasers and photonics are super interesting! there are a lot of folks who spend their free time studying this stuff.
Seeing all the turbomolekular pumps, with typical failure rates and PM cycles, it gets something of a nightmare as you have to permanently changing one by one.
czcams.com/video/STe6I7RglsE/video.html
6:53 closed captioning typo: "compliment" should be "complement."
That's pretty cool. So basically a super high-resolution x-ray camera that can be used to image states and transitions at the atomic level? Looking forward to learning about what they find.
I predict the first picture will show a nervous dude feverishly pushing buttons and pulling levers.
Can any X-ray experts explain to me the difference in the X-rays produced by LCLS/LCLS-II and those produced in synchrotrons?
They are the same thing.
Bremsstrahlung.
At CERN it is an undesired side effect of using a curved accelerator, at the LCLS it's what they want.
@@massimookissed1023 so the X-rays produced are equally bright etc.? Just wondering because obviously this system is linear whereas synchrotrons are circular. I suppose it’s down to the types of magnets used to curve the electrons and generate the light.
@@npm1811 LCLS is presumably brighter as the x-rays are the desired output. At CERN synchrotron radiation saps energy from the particles they are trying to accelerate.
LCLS *is* linear up until the undulators, which do curve the previously straight electron beam.
In principle, Massimo is correct, but the devil is in the details. Compared to the ordinary synchrotron radiation at LHC/CERN, there are two main differences:
1: The radiation is emitted in the Undulators which consists of many small, but powerful magnets. Each of those acts as a small bending magnet. Combining the light from so many magnets (via interference) leads to X-ray light that has a well defined wavelength (or "color") and is well directed. Such systems are also in use in modern synchrotrons used as radiation sources.
2: Free-Electron Lasers (FEL) like LCLS in addition also used a special coupling between the emitted X-rays and the electron beam. This forces all electrons of the beam to emit radiation in a common oscillating motion. Thus the radiation field swings also in a predicable way, a quality we call "coherence" (I am really glossing over the details here). This is the reason why LCLS and similar machines are called X-ray LASERS, as normal lasers also produces coherent light. In addition, these coherence effects also lead to an thousands to millions times more intense X-ray light.
So in summary, an FEL is vastly better a creating well defined and highly intense X-ray beams, which are much better suited for the structural analysis mentioned in the video.
@@npm1811 On circular vs. linear accelerators: The interaction I described in point 2 in my previous post would not work in a circular accelerator.
To make this X-ray-to-electron-bunch interaction happen, the electron bunches need to be very short, but still have enough electrons in them. In circular accelerators, the bunches get stretched out, so they get too long for this interaction (which is called "micro-bunching" btw, if you a interested to find out more).
im always curious to learn about these machines, but I always have the question. "What if you stick your hand in it?"
It's like a Stop-Motion Animation but for scientific purposes and in a scientific way/methodology.
6:23 The frequency, while wearing headphones, affected my cervical spine. Like a tingle.
How do they even build this stuff ?
Interesting, Never heard bevor of the LCLS. So what´s the differenz to the CERN near Genf?
czcams.com/video/STe6I7RglsE/video.html
Cern uses a proton and/or electron beam and smashes those together, the LCLS one uses Light (Xrays). The invariant mass (so to say, the energy that 2 particles have when colliding) is much much higher at Cern as it is used to probe the fundamental structure of atoms and standard model particles. The LCLS tries to record how the bonds in molecules change over time, so essentially, they try to film the molecules wiggling. I think at LCLS they do that by imaging the scattering profile from the Xrays but that's a guess from me because it's common practice in solid-state physics
"Superconducting X-ray Laser" has to be one of the coolest-sounding devices ever made. If we can work "rocket" or "ramjet" in there we'll be just about maxed out
Sounds like an attempt of the US to create something like the European XFEL, which is a 3.4km long accelerator that also creates super fast xray bursts. Pretty cool to have another.
I’m just in awe of these programs, and wish we allocated more money for more programs(and had more H1-B visa spots), because these breakthroughs keeping pushing the limits of what the next generation can build upon.
Please, more videos on these kinds of projects that get very little shine amongst the general public.
scientists need more recognition than famous people in tiktok
Great video
Every one is gangsta until alien tech comes to earth
I just visited LCLS last week such a great place
Imagine this technology 20 years from now
I can smell teleportation in the near future (but not in our lifetime).
Cannot but wonder whether the use of imperial measures makes this way more complicated than it actually is.
Amazing!!!
Is very impressive what we have achieved based on models calculated on paper: cause we haven't really watched atom or an electron... But we are actually able to predict its behaviour or influence in other particules.
I really hope there’s another video about the sensors and detector arrays. That is by far the most interesting part. and wasn’t mentioned at all.
The science that goes along with scintillation, and other detector processes… Is by far the most interesting part
Some day I believe we'll be able to have pulses a million times more often, with much better resolution, & fit in a much smaller space.
Pretty crazy this is what they can show us, which is staggering. Can't even imagine what the government is contracting them to do behind what they show. We are like pilgrims watching a shuttle launch.
If you shine it at someone you can see through them with the naked eye.
Mostly because it vaporised their flesh and tore a hole in their body.
i wish they had a smaller but as powerful version for other fields that req. tons of information.
I wouldn't like to pay that electric bill.
I want one for Christmas!
What an awesome times we live in. Sometimes I'm just amazed
xray + laser? crazy!
Well done
GET THESE PEOPLE MORE FUNDING
Just think. One day, far in the future, you could hold a device like this in your hands.
Awesome a new energies hot cold transfer can be viewed with crystal point structures for building a better fusion power plant , making solid state battery's cars and planes possible for power infrastructures. All companies and space technologies would invest asap.
im tired of people making comments about "what about homeless people and starving children?". Like many of those issues are just due to lack of education from parents. it needs to be solved by the education system not science.
2:32 looks like a nice green bud
Finally a non clickbait video.
Is having a magnet that is stronger than Earth's safe to do on Earth? Would love to see the math that was done to evaluate the safety of this project, including over time. Are there no effects?
"boost science output" As a gamer I understand this perfectly.
this is type of mechanism that will be used to discover parallel universes or other dimensions
SETI needs this tech
In 100 yrs or even 20yrs humans will be rewatching these videos for history purposes. Pretty cool 😎 6th Jan 2021 5:36 am
What happens when an artificial magnetic field interferes with the magnetic field of the planet we live on?
Thank you seeker bring all these informations in my life...
I love this channel since my school days
Surprised how the mechanical engineer used metric units to describe the length
Best eye candy tech. I've seen as of today.
Wish for more HD video close ups of beam/radio/quantum.. hardware!
Wow, I hope this fantastic tool is installed in a seismic safe area!
Wonder how much power is needed to power this thing.
This is one of the best CZcams Channels.
How do these pulses, being so frequent, not affect the position of the molecules/atoms
Only when all these tech gets scaled down..
This is incredible engineering. I would lose a centimeter of hairline if I was responsible for installing this
It seems that the machine is produced in Germany by Babcock Noell. Did the US scientists design it or did they give a specification to Babcock to come up with the design?
It will be great if we know what discovery they have made till now and how these discoveries made changes in our world.
You get to comment this on a computer using the internet how about that.
Hopefully this can help with developing the superconductors that it was built on!
I can’t comprehend 1/trillion of a second
Am waiting this camera in my phone
The development from 1st synchrotron several decades ago.
when electron bends it turn into X-Rays what...! means particle disappears and turn into waves suddenly..! how and why.?
So with California’s accelerating shortage of power where are they getting the electricity to run a complex like this?
Im amazed with the magnetic field it can produce. 😯
Interesting how we found super conductors that work at -80 degrees in the 80s and 90s, but they're never used in experiments like this. Always liquid helium temperature super conductors..
The double slit experiment finally solved LOL
How?