Why 3D printing is vital to success of US manufacturing | FT Film
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- čas přidán 15. 05. 2024
- The FT's global business columnist Rana Foroohar explores how new additive manufacturing technology can boost innovation and jobs in a de-globalising world, as the pandemic, war in Ukraine, and climate change underline the dangers of relying on fragile global supply chains
#3dprinting #madeinusa #additive #usmanufacturing #additivemanufacturing #semiconductors #ChipsAct #joebiden #MIT #Xometry #VulcanForms #SQ4D #FactoryNYC #SuzanneBerger #RanaForoohar #financialtimes #FTFilm
00:00 The future of manufacturing
00:15 "This is not your grandfather's factory"
02:09 Xometry and the "long tail of the internet"
04:48 Desktop 3D printers
06:19 So what's the catch?
07:35 MIT: "every object has an incredible story"
10:24 VulcanForms: high-value precision metal components
13:13 3D-printed shoes
14:46 SQ4D: from hip replacements to homes
19:42 The Factory NYC: 3D-printed sculptures
20:44 "I don't think Michelangelo could fathom a 3D printer"
23:02 Manufacturing is about jobs and wages
26:45 Not everything will be 3D printed
27:12 The world is changing
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The $20,000 mentioned in the video refers to the cost of materials used to 3D print the footings, foundation wall, slab, interior, and exterior walls, including rebar reinforcement. This number does not include the parts of the structure that were not 3D printed such as the roof, electrical, plumbing, and interior finishing
Yeah I saw robotic brick layers and I think that has a much greater chance of being used
Nobody cares about all that. Didn't you hear her say climate change? If you say the magic words, a robot shows up at your lot and squirts out all that unimportant stuff and you can sit back and feel smart.
Thank you for even making this. This has inspired me.
@@davidmasaka6547 saw that too. Much more potential BUT this is competition that we are seeing.
Well have to see.
They also imply that making a house of cement instead of wood is better on context of climate change (19:13). What a joke...
Finally a well made documentary of additive manufacturing rather than a hype video that doesn't really explain anything.
Yes! Additive Manufacturing includes 3D printing, but can be so much more. Printed electronics is an example. Huge opportunity for the US to catch-up with European companies and create high skilled, high paying, stable jobs.
This was just another hype video.. Zero discussion about downsides and how does it actually compete against "traditional" manufacturing methods.
Given my experience in manufacturing, 3d printing has potential for low volume, custom forms and a huge opportunity in prototyping. The expense per part is not gonna get dramatically better to do high volume manufacturing. One of my best professors always emphasized something I try to always share with others which is to begin from the objective, the problem, and stakeholders and then think about how technology can help you, never backwards.
in software architecture...we call it requirements gathering... then technology may or may not be the solution
technology is just a tool
it is nothing without human creativity
Succinct.
This isn't true. Lots of things will require high volume 3d printing. High performance aircraft and automotive parts REQUIRE 3D printing because certain shapes simply cannot be put in a lathe. For example, internal liquid thermal channels. You could never cast or lathe that. 3D printers are getting a lot faster.
I wish there had been internet comments in the 70s and 80s. I’m convinced some myopic muppet made similar remark about the CNC mill. Or the PLC. Or Bluetooth. Carry on.
@@AbuSous2000PR So Wise , Thank You
This lady is a great interviewer and presenter. Thank you for this content.
3D printing is where computers were in the 1980s. There will be massive advancements in the next 20-30 years.
Sure Jan…
it just needs to be quicker🤔 a lot quicker....like how you print a document from a traditional paper printer.
I built a full 1987 Robocop suit with a 3D printer. The technology is outstanding and overall fun.
I believe that additive manufacturing will grow rapidly in the coming years. I use my 3D printer at work every chance I get to proof out my designs, as well as making fixtures and gages. It's a lot cheaper and faster. Printers will become faster, better materials will be created, and new processes will be developed. The same thing happened when CNC machining was first introduced in manufacturing.
I ve been following the 3D printers for the last 12 years and i ve never ceased to be...deseapointed about the quality of the products going out of those machines.
Thats dissapointing in and of itself. One, why you would follow something that dissapoints you so bad and second, do so for such a long time without witnessing, touching, feeling, using a quality part made by this process. I’ve been involved for two years and managed through much trial and error to “manufacture” some quite incredible parts that unless you had a trained eye, would know the source of it’s creation. I worry for you, that you are dissapointed by much in life. Keeping in mind, my focus isn’t creating characters, masks, or much of what actually has been popular for the home enthusiast. I’ve been using it to create functional items with an interest in prototyping and creating these parts for things that I design myself. I’d hope you find an interest in something that you find incredible and compels you to move forward and use it while enjoying the process itself. Good luck to you.
Really? In Melbourne the worlds smallest jet engine has been made by 3D print and its brilliant. The future is machines, not labour.
I'm not sure why you'd feel that way. My printer has opened up so many opportunities for me that it's downright silly. Brackets, mounts, enclosures, labeled panels, figurines, drilling templates etc. Made reproduction buttons and knobs for antique radios and telephones. People remark that they never would have known that my figurines were 3d printed if I hadn't told them. I had some IKEA cabinets with broken handles. Odd size that wasn't available at the store. Rather than order some at $8 EACH, I printed an entire set for about $1.50.
12 years ago yes it was a useless toy but the resolution and types of machines has massively improved
I've got a 3D printer and the biggest problem is the lack of speed. Waiting many hours to days for a product that could be produced within seconds with conventional production methods. The results and machines have become much better over the years but the well-known disadvantages still remain. The funny part of building a house is that the actual building part often isn't the biggest hurdle, the financial bit and permits are the most difficult and time consuming.
Speed of printing is increasing rapidly. Bambu Lab is the current market leader for high speed printing.
@@3DPrinterAcademy just going from merlin to klipper was eye opening, then bambu labs came out with their machines, and its amazing. I think the only problem we're running into now is heat-speed. CNC Kitchen did a great video on how high speed doesnt equate to strength. It reminded me of Carroll Shelby saying "There is never enough horsepower...just not enough traction", there is never enough speed... just not enough strength (at least when it comes to plastic)
@@savesilence 3D printing is indeed best for prototyping and low volumes but the costs for setting up a conventional production line aren't always "astronomical". For example the Prusaslicer print farm is printing a lot of small parts. These parts could be made by injection moulding.
Maybe 5 years ago, right now is super fast is you are not a cheapskate in your printing gear.
You buy a bunch of enders, you get ender speed.
They need faster equipment and faster curing cementitious structural materials.
Absolutely love this! More video documentaries like this please!!!
This is by far, one of the best articles I’ve had the pleasure of viewing in quite a long time.
For those interested in owning one of our printers, you will be able to purchase the Autonomous Robotic Construction System, including the 3D printer, mixer, pump, and silo, for roughly $750,000.
3D designer, technicians, and manufacturers have a huge opportunity to learn the process which will prepare them to succeed in all future manufacturing processes, as all machines are using similar file types and processes.
another fascinating documentary from FT film. Keep them coming!
The house manufacturer needs to invent a a way to include electrical and plumbing systems into the homes.
I didn’t see any of that in the example.
It’s kinda dumb looking to put conduits over the walls and ceilings for receptacles and light fixtures. Ditto for external ductwork.
That’s probably why that area wasn’t covered in the presentation.
"Manufacturing helps innovation" -- that's inspiring 👍
I am confused by the very idea of the 3-D printed house, whether in Austin or on Long Island. If we want to make fairly customized houses out of concrete, wouldn't everything be cheaper and of higher quality with elements pre-cast in the controlled environment of an enclosed facility, carried to the site on flatbed trucks and then assembled like a jig-saw puzzle? Plus that method would allow multistory structures.
The 3-D printed house is a gimmick, a neat demonstration of what is possible, not what is practical.
I think both methods have their advantages for different build types. Sometimes one can be more economical than the other depending on the design being built.
I remember a builder doing on-site pre-fad concrete panel/slab houses about twenty years ago in Australia. It was offered as a cheaper option to a traditional house build.
They would pour the foundation for the house and also a shed. Then, using the shed foundation slab as a base, they would build up the forms and pour them, one on top of the other, until they had all the pre-cast panels done. Then they would hire a small crane for one day, and use it to stand up, move, and place the concrete panels in their final positions.
I'm not sure how many they built, or how good they actually were, but the idea was an interesting one I thought. Particularly if building a row of modest houses for disaster relief or affordable housing.
Firstly they start by a crew moving along pouring the foundations one by one. The next crew then moves though building up the forms and pouring them. The first house's panels are poured on the next house's foundation slab beside it, and so on down the row. Then a crew with a crane moves down the row standing them up one at a time. After that, a roofing crew moves through, then an internal fit out and finishing crew.
Anyway, just a thought....
I appreciate when the focus is on opportunities. Good job!
Bloody marvelous info. Many thanks to those who contributed. These people have the answers for our future.!!!
This uses the buzz created around the maker community to garner seed money for industry. What is needed is government support NOT just for corporations, but to help support makers and grow public acceptance around additive manufacturing for everyone.
Great film. The world is definitely changing and it’s exciting with endless possibilities and opportunities
13:00 "One of the two investors who considered investing in our company fell asleep during my presentation. We didn't take their money". 😂😂😂
So Wise , Thank You . I worked with an early version , called the Metco 7m plasma , WE also did a lot of Wire spray aluminizing. By using that system we save the Navy a lot of money . The system was NOT CHEAP but there were a lot of benifits ,as in we could take a shaft and put any coating any where . As in ceramic where needed , Stainless Steel where needed or just building up a wear spot . The wire spray was mostly for Corrosion control .For example a steam valve painted with normal paint needs recoating in a year or 2 , the Stuff we Aluminized was rated for 10-20+ . As with every thing there is no answer for Every body . be wise Thank You
My grandparents, God rest the souls, didn't understand how difficult it was to enter into markets and start a viable business without massive capital and experience. Fresh graduates don't have a chance. What does get you ahead these days is lying, either about your skills or accomplishments.
This is a great documentary, very informative.
Great documentary that speaks to the pros and cons of advanced (additive) manufacturing!
3D printing hasn't lived up to its promise as of yet. There is very little adoption in industries for 3D printing
I have 8 3d printers now. I love 3d printing. In less than a year I went from a 4k to 12k resolution.
amazing synergy between tech. & Innovation in manufacturing as core for any economy
3D modeling is the root of all manufacturing processes. CNC is doable but takes forever without it. FDM and Resin printing is invaluable for rapid prototyping anything. I have 3 printers and it still blows my mind what is capable for just a few hundred dollars investment. I've been machining for over 50 years. I can now sculpt on a tablet and 3D print the same design in a few hours. Multiple small models can be printed at the same time for the cost of a few bucks. I never have to go anywhere to have it done on my schedule. The resin printer can go overnight without supervision.
3D printing did not "get it's start at MIT". If you could read a book, you'd credit Hideo Kodama's work in Japan, or Charles Hull's contributions in the US. Neither man attended or worked at MIT.
don't you know that MIT created science which was used to create all other inventions 😂
No matter which way you slice (or print) it, concrete is a super carbon intensive building material. I love additive manufacturing but I think the real future for ramping up housing completions and reducing man hours per unit is prefab and mass timber.
THANK YOU SO MUCH. I LEARNED SO MUCH.
Can't chase manufacturing out of your country and then expect innovation..this is a huge step in the right direction.
China built the nutes & bolts and every little product. They provided the crucial deflationary pressures on the basis of which the trade and economy improved for all the people.
This seems more like a "supress rising power" initiative rather than self improvement.
haha Five eyes will soon abandone Ind ians.
@@studytime2570 before we go further, I would like to ask how old you are?
@@jasminderbharij5861 Where is your space station? The first component was launched in 1998 and took USD $150 billion joint project between NASA (US), Roscosmos (Russia), JAXA (Japan), ESA (Europe) and CSA (Canada) multiple countries to finance it. Russia officially stated in 2020 they are withdrawing as per the planned service life of that 'international' space station; as agreed at inception to be in the third quarter of 2024. But the US wants to extend it past 2030+... However since it is international, Russia leaves on-time, along with their rockets, and their proportional modular area of the ISS... Decision done! Basically fix it or scrap it.
Russia decided instead to join a) the state-of-the-art CSS, b) China's Lunar station, and plans to go to c) Jupiter and then d) Saturn, in cooperation with China.
That's only for starters.
What is the US roadmap regarding future space exploration?
While the Chinese space station launched on April 29, 2021 successfully on the first shot, and only cost USD $5 billion to date in 2023, and is 100% solely funded by and controlled by China. Plus it uses ion drive.
▪︎Where is your molten salt thorium reactor? For China it's in the Gobi desert and in production.
▪︎Where is your artificial sun (fusion reactor)?
In addition to the multinational endeavor ITER in which China has contributed billions in funding; as a result of slow pace progress by laggards in the team; China decided to go at it alone to implement and test two new bigger than ITER prototypes; that have already demonstrably produced 'hotter than the sun' plasma to contain the fusion reaction.
The duration and temperature of which is berween one to two order of magnitude longer and hotter than ITER, today in 2023. The cost is over USD $ 1 Trillion ($1000 billion), all 100% self-funded by China.
▪︎Where is your hypersonic MACH 30+ wind tunnel? Yes there is only one in the world, guess where? Does the US have the power supply prerequisites? That laboratory wind tunnel singlehandedly requires the continuous sum of energy output of 8x Hoover dams combined; to just operate that single unit.
▪︎How about soft landing a rover on Mars on China's very first mission? It took over 30 years to achieve for the US, including multiple crashes and disasters.
▪︎Same for China landing on the dark side of the moon; 100% successful on the very first try. And back to Earth with samples no less. Including Helium-3...
That is the legendary Chinese speed.
So you think the Chinese cannot even manufacture propeller/turbine blades eh?
▪︎Meanwhile, SpaceX 'starship' explodes minutes after launch from Texas, today on April 20, 2023...
▪︎Regarding the US submarine metallurgical steel strength, search for:
《military grade steel submarine fiasco》
(note the search terms are generic, without any bias for or against the US.)
I wonder who can or cannot build quality, reliable and cost-effective state-of-the-art systems...
Obviously, the price is in inverse proportion to quality, where in capitalism, only greedy profits matter.
While in socialism, things are done at cost and not for profit. No wonder Elon Musk said that 'China is 100x time more productive than in the US.' (That is by two orders of magnitude.)
Congrats for the report!
Zero chance that the house at 15:18 cost $20K to build. The roof alone cost more than $20K, not including the solar panels. You say she's the business columnist?
Thank you for this vedio, very creative and well delivered as well as useful
They printed out 3D titanium ribs for my grand niece who had to have three of them replaced. She got cancer from her cancer treatment of 14 years. No one ever mentions her she was the first.
When the financial times talks about affordable housing, it's a ruse. What they mean is more investor value to extract.
I've picked up the word "enshitification", that's what we do now.
3D printing hasn't always lived up to the hype - but in this video we look at why now might be the time for the technology to take off. Please do also check out the other videos in the Homecoming series, on the need for new ways of farming, and what can and should be Made in USA. Thanks!
The future is open source AI [ especially whrn trained on Wikileaks type darabases in order that everyone will be able to expose the criminals on their corner of the world ]
Some people are bound to be pessimists and hate on the new trends that will change everything in their life for the better. They're dinosaurs of people who rather want to go backwards in time.
3D printing creates weaker parts, not stronger.
Time does not like plastic. 3D printing has a negative effect on plastic parts, problems with layer adhesion, as does pressure in the finished parts.
High cost and low yield printers solve only a few production issues, this video is filled with outdated old information, by people with no deep interaction with the actual process and complexities involved.
I’ve seen and used 3D printers for years and what you’ve shown here is mostly fluff and noise.
The on-site concrete house building for affordable housing thing reminded me about a builder doing on-site pre-fad concrete panel/slab houses about twenty years ago in Australia. It was offered as a cheaper option to a traditional house build.
They would pour the foundation for the house and also a shed. Then, using the shed foundation slab as a base, they would build up the forms and pour them, one on top of the other, until they had all the pre-cast panels done. Then they would hire a small crane for one day, and use it to stand up, move, and place the concrete panels in their final positions.
I'm not sure how many they built, or how good they actually were, but the idea was an interesting one I thought. Particularly if building a row of modest houses for disaster relief or affordable housing.
Firstly they start by a crew moving along pouring the foundations one by one. The next crew then moves though building up the forms and pouring them. The first house's panels are poured on the next house's foundation slab beside it, and so on down the row. Then a crew with a crane moves down the row standing them up one at a time. After that, a roofing crew moves through, then an internal fit out and finishing crew.
Anyway, just a thought....
can you please tell me more about it? like which company was it or anything where i can find more about it
@@mefisto05s.20 Sorry, I don't really have any more info or details about the builder who was constructing them.
The only thing I can add is that i think they were based in south-east Queensland, Australia, during the late 90s and early 2000s. Possibly the Toowoomba area.
A more common name for this type of construction in Australia is, pre-cast tilt-slab.
@@davefenton102 thanks!
As we have seen, higher pay for workers is less of a concern then shareholders
I love Rana Foroohar's reporting.
A well made video about additive manufacturing
I disagree with printing at home not being a thing as once expected. I have printed dozens of practical parts I use around my house. I gave shared several online that hundreds have printed.
Yep. Same here. I use my home printers at least weekly to make all kinds of useful things.
Incredibly interesting, thanks a lot!
LOVE THIS!!!
Nice advert for Prusa, im sure they'll be happy to see this
Good luck to SQ4D!
Amazing potential !!
What about the most important aspect, "Speed of production" ?
This really sounded like a really long advertisement, with actors having random scripts and one last thing you forgot to mention that it's "Promotional Content".
Dont worry. only few really understand.
Thanks for the video
All the Best 👍 Keep up the good works 🙂
He who manufactures, innovates, builds the future patients, employs its citizens, generates the multiple incomes, that builds & strengthens the Nation in every possible way.
This was such a well put together piece. Thank you for documenting it, very enjoyable to watch, learn and ponder as I choose what to do with my 3D printer. 😂 I would love to own a additive manufacturing business someday. ❤
Cool, 3D printing is similar to how nature makes things- additive manufacturing but it has to be faster and more durable.
God bless.
Education needs to remain open and widely available in order to take advantage of all the amazing technologies emerging today.
Xometry is amazing I have ordered parts from them for my robots hope they be cheaper as they scale love them❤
many thx Rana.
I have to see this again
I wonder when we as a nation are ganna to start taxing robots and 3-D machines
as we tax humans
well done.. i am gonna see it again
Excellent, thanks.
Great, very educational to me.
GREAT VIDEO !!!
In Australia we are having home building companies going bankrupt every few days recently- all of whom refused to innovate when the times were good and just kept doing the same processes they have been doing largely unchanged for 30 years. If they had adapted 3D printing, their profit margins would be much safer now and people would be in homes sooner.
3D printing is a sales pitch. Rapid Manufacturing is at least 50 years old.
great video.
Or powder metallurgy (faster and stronger than a 3d-printed part), and foam-metal sandwich (like a 3d-printed fillings).
bruh on one side we have AI replacing low-end white color jobs(for now) and on the other end we have 3D printing n automation replacing blue color jobs! we're screwed
Buy a 3d printer and hire an AI for reception/public relations, what's the problem? Why you explicitly want to work on someone instead of working on/for yourself.
Or if your glass is half full, we're saved. 🙂
Lets make things. 💙
Right on!
Excellent article, thank you. I'm growing a startup that attempts to bring high-tech to legacy manually operated machines. Although it's not additive, it is designed to allow small machine shops and startups to compete with the most advanced lathe machines on a shoestring budget. My company is called BerylCNC.
Can your company do tight tolerances of 1 thou?
Yes, we can get down to 2-4 tenths in many cases@@cryora
Adding a protective exterior layer to the printed house would create less surface area for erosion?
Fantastic!
Another great video, thanks guys. Sending this to all my family and friends even though they don’t listen to anything I say 😞🙏
I read John Naisbitt’s 1980 book megatrends. I use his concepts in my equal justice Theory The question is how we were going to be able to provide in-depth some appointments for things of beauty and utility. Here’s the answer. Praise God.
Very true
hey I've seen this before, since the 2000s, every 5 years it comes back up, looks like FT's got a new crew now. Doesn't change the fundamentals, east asia remains as US's printer
Anyone knows the details of the maintenance cost for these machines? Thanks
More facts and figures please, less promotion / hype. This video, like others I've watched on this channel, is almost content-free. I expect more from the FT.
I live in Ireland which has a serious housing shortage. If 3d printing can print houses faster than builders can build them conventionally, even for the same price, that would be a real winner here. But I was doubtful about the price quoted for that bungalow in Long Island. I’m pretty sure 3d printing can’t wire a kitchen or fit wardrobes or carpets or plumb a bathroom. Maybe I’m wrong about that… But building a house shell faster would speed up house production overall. Hope someone investigates it.
Yeah I saw a robotick brick layer and I think that is a better fit because it is faster and creates the same scaffold for other people do the plumbing, electrical work and other parts
Yeah ...let's try and 3d print the electrical system by code and see how much that will cost.....!!! HA. ha ...how many cooper wires can you print inside a plastic insulator , that are inside a plastic , or metal tube that needs to be printed as well at the same time , and all needs to be printed inside the walls at the same time you 3D print the walls....!!!!!!!!!!!
Irelands best bet is prefab, this 3D printing stuff takes just as long to setup and enough can go wrong
@@oogabooga2581 What is needed is a standard house on a national scale. Same size bedrooms bathrooms kitchens etc so that identical piping and wiring patterns can be prefabricated and fitted on site with a minimum of cutting, joining and laying out, tasks which are very time consuming and subject to error in traditional builds. In the early 1960's prefab panel builds were done in Ballymun, Dublin and other apartment projects for social housing. They were a disaster due to inadequate water proofing and maintenance of common areas and hallways, the elevators were always breaking down. Many of these projects were knocked down and replaced with traditional builds.
The modern insistence on high levels of insulation and high tech heating adds greatly to housing costs which average families in many cases cannot afford.
There is no such thing as housing shortage. There is a "shortage" because you can't afford the homes that already exist.
future industries requires 3D Printer technology to increase production rate, quality and inspection abilities.
So inspiring
"In any system of energy, Control is what consumes energy the most.
No energy store holds enough energy to extract an amount of energy equal to the total energy it stores.
No system of energy can deliver sum useful energy in excess of the total energy put into constructing it.
This universal truth applies to all systems.
Energy, like time, flows from past to future".
Vídeo sensacional😃
Great video, well performed!
Except 3D printing
Great production
More videos like this
think of 3d printing of the virtual form of what writing was once at its age of innovation
The future is bright!
Excellent
Hobby grade 3d printing is only useful for cheap prototyping, learning, or super custom things like in ear hearing aid, prosthetics, scaled models etc.
For anything else it's almost useless. The material is structurally weak, you can't expect to load it for more than 20-30kilos without making your design too bulky, and it is also only +/-0.2mm in dimensional accuracy, you can't build your manufacturing base on top of that.
I would love to see cheap CNC machines, cheap lathes and cheaper cost of material like aluminium, then maybe local manufacturing can go somewhere.
17.16 please can someone explain to me why SQ4D need to prove their technology to local building departments? Also, what is a local building department and more importantly, their purpose?
This is good!
I read in class 8 and 9 in 3d in basic which is number and calculation after I understand that 3is not number which printing by at the perfect demons tration.
Amusing that you headline this with a Czech made 3D printer from Prusa.
Inventors must create more cost effective "smaller modular 3D" printer to increase markets penetrations
What about rebar? what about ground movement
This is the future of manufacturing 3d printing!
"you can go to your local hardware store to get cement, sand, and water and you're ready to 3d-print your house"?? what about the proportions in which you have to mix them? what about the time between mixing and actually putting it into the 3d printer? what about setting up the 3d printing equipment? and all the plumbing and electrical? insulation? what about the finishes? roof? connecting the house to municipal systems? what about permits and inspections?
she described 5% of the construction process and made it look like that's all you need.
Let's Make America Great Again.
0:19: 🏭 Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is revolutionizing the manufacturing industry in the United States.
4:09: ✨ 3D printing technology offers fast, cost-effective, and flexible manufacturing capabilities with potential for growth.
8:24: 🏭 The story of additive manufacturing and the need to rebuild advanced supply chains in the United States.
11:35: 🏭 Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is revolutionizing the manufacturing industry by allowing for the production of complex and precise parts in a more efficient and cost-effective manner.
15:25: 🏠 SQ4D's 3D-printed homes can help solve the lack of affordable housing, construction worker shortage, and supply chain problems on Long Island.
19:16: 🏠 3D printing is revolutionizing the construction and art industries, offering unique architectural features and cost-effective production.
22:29: 🏭 The future of manufacturing in the US relies on embracing new technology and improving job quality.
26:46: 🌍 The world is changing and manufacturing is being transformed by new technologies.
Recap by Tammy AI
In order for 3d printing to play a significant role in mass production either the price of the machines must fall or major financial resources must be devoted to buying hundreds of machines, most 3d processes are just too slow to take over from turning, forging, injection moulding, diecasting, presswork etc.
Injection molding en masse is incredibly expensive and complex. A 3d printing farm could do the same thing and might actually be less expensive, because it won't require as much labor or monitoring