Memory: The Hidden Pathways That Make Us Human
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- čas přidán 22. 06. 2023
- Memory defines us. Memory is the basis of our sense of self. But how do the structures of the mind store memories? What changes do memories imprint on the brain? And what is the role of emotion in determining the quality of our memories? Brian Greene explores these and related questions with four top researchers--Veronica O’Keane, Tim Bredy, Gail Robinson, and Oliver Baumann-who unravel myriad mysteries of the human capacity for memory.
This program is part of the Big Ideas series, supported by the John Templeton Foundation.
The live program was presented at the 2023 World Science Festival Brisbane, hosted by the Queensland Museum.
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#BrianGreene #Memory #Neuroscience #Psychology - Věda a technologie
I remember being put in the crib during the daytime and experiencing how the sunlight was glowing an orange red color through my thin baby eyelids,, and thinking about how I was breathing.
Later in my life I remembered that as I was starting to be able to breath through my mouth on demand, and how I could switch from using my nose and then my mouth, because there was this sensation in my nasal cavity that I was feeling and controlling.
Many years later, I found out this only happens in about the first 9 months of life.
I definitely remember being a baby.
I also remember what I now can call the great forgetting period, and I sort of argued with my mother, around the age of 4, that I had a harder time remembering things from before and she told me I couldn't remember those things, and yet I described some things that I obviously still remembered, and she said, oh your just reinforcing those memories from pictures or stories, but Noooooo, I remember from inside my head and my own eyes, what I was experiencing, and pictures could only help, but not be the cause of these memories of breathing and controlling my nasal vs mouth breathing.
Whenever I saw Dr Brian Greene talking, that itself turns into a good memory for me.😊
Lots of love and respect🙏 from India🇮🇳
this is a very difficult subject and I could tell that our guests were always clear with their answers.
I am delighted to see all of you sitting together once again, side by side, just like the good old days!
I would like to express my gratitude to Brian Greene, Veronica O’Keane, Tim Bredy, Gail Robinson, and Oliver Baumann.
Thank you! 🌈
Don't be gay.
Outstanding panel of experts! This topic is most fascinating. Thank you Brian.
Astounding 🎉 Makes a human being teary eyed to learn from authentic, exceptional human beings ‼️
In my opinion, one of the best WSF episodes ever! Terrific panel of guests.
This was a good one, however they should of had sapolsky on
I was very impressed with your guests. Certainly surprised of my own level of understanding the concepts expressed in your discussion. Thank you, most informative. As always Dr. Brian Greene does not disappoint.
One of these days, we will surely going to watch how the memories of the hallucinating mind's.
Love it, from Nigeria 🇳🇬
Not only memories mark a section of life we lived, but emotions also do to. Emotions and mind can also write the script for your life story, and it happens quickly too. Especially when angry or in time of sadness. Once the mind is made up, and those emotions distills in us, the solutions running through our minds tend to get to the point where action is taken. It’s either good or bad, but it’s a normal process.
Thank you for bringing this interesting topic to the table's surface. All of you made this potentially complicated topic regarding memory/brain brilliantly comprehendable ... Thank you again.
Brian is so good at asking probing questions at depth!
Also he is a great moderator and keeps the discussion flowing between the 4 guests.
Savant ?
Science definitely gives new way of thinking 😊
Didn't recognize Randolph. As the Earth aged so did Brian. All this years I never paid much attention how we all have aged. Today, seeing Brian on CZcams caught me off guard. It's hard to accept that some of my favorite people changed with the time. Thank you Brian for all the shows and lectures. They have enriched my life to the utmost. I look forward to watching more of your shows.
Great learning today. Thank you so much for the molecular level discussion.
I swear, I can recall almost every situation in my life, that has happened from childhood until today. Either its a good thing, or bad I have no idea, but I love it so far
You’re so lucky
Memory is one for the most awesome things a mind can have. With out the mind being able to remember we would be lose is space. 😅
Very fascinating topic. Still very much to uncover in the future.
Very important topic, love to learn and study human brains!!
❤fantastic to see live for the first time thank you all so very much❤❤❤❤
Great talk, especially how the long stored memories can be affected and recorded depending on your current state or experience. Making it logical to recall unpleasant or traumatic memories in more positive or even comical light. However a specific thing here- going to an older doctor might be nice and quick but you are much more likely to get misdiagnosed, so to each their own.
I loved every minute of this. It's really fascinating to hear and try and understand the way our brains work.
Admittedly dated, but I am reading Carl Sagan’s The Dragons of Eden. He talks about the structure of our brains and speculates on the origins of the right and left hemispheres. He speculates that originally they were redundant. Doing the same thing. But as humans evolved one of the hemispheres evolved to do rational thinking. He reminds us that the Greeks used geometry, shapes to perform mathematics, using the right hemisphere of the brain long before humans used numbers using the left hemisphere. Mathematics today is taught using shapes as well as numbers integrating the right and left hemisphere’s of the brain. Maps and multiplication are still quite relevant in the opinion of this writer.
Many thanks Prof Greene for this amazing episode once again. Hopefully I won't forget it quickly all these valuable information I captured :)
Fascinating! I stumbled upon this video and I'm so glad I took the time to watch it all.
Memory is important to keep personal identity coherent (it’s a process).
My first memory is under a tree at a free festival... not sure if it was stonehendge or Glastonbury (I don't remember 😅) but I have a vivid memory of being under a tree, in a buggie, in the shade and our family dog was watching over me...that's it! But it remains vivid and I have later discovered that when I was
My earliest memory, ~ 2.5 yrs?, was of me in a crib (1st person; can picture the bottom of the crib set off the floor, bars, etc), and my mother leaving the room. Then shortly thereafter looking through the bars I see a spider - vague image, but lots of little legs and a body heading towards me on the floor. I scream “Mommy mommy”, freaking out, until she comes back, by which time the spider had crawled under the crib and disappeared! I am even more freaked out because I don’t know where it is, but with minimal language skills, cannot explain why I am screaming. My mother tries to convince me everything is all right, and leaves. Don’t remember much after that. Two points. (1) that was the first time (as far as I know) I saw a spider - and still I went ballistic. (2) I remember a minute or so before seeing the spider as part of the memory. This is VERY important, as it means that what was in working memory was also recorded with the memory. Without the earlier memory, you may not be able to predict a dangerous situation if it repeats. That is not relevent in this situation, but could be in may others. As for (1), a Columbian friend says he is “programmed” to react to a ball with 8 lines radiating out (symbolic of a spider) and even drawing a circle and 8 lines on a chalk board generates an adrenalin spike in him.
I am schizophrene. This help me to understand myself. Thank you very much. Remember the one god and be thankfull...❤
Memory forms our identities so keep it well 😂...
Excellent!
That was incredible. I particularly liked the bit piece towards the end, where Veronica made reference to that feeling we all have on occasion - when we sense something other than ourselves (in her words, consciousness looking back at us) - because it is reminiscent of a recent talk given by two well-known Dzogchen masters during which one of them described a meditation practice where the meditator would - in effect - throw their consciousness into a corner and have it look back at them. Great discussion guys. Thank you 🙏
Thanks Brian and WSF for these wonderful and educative videos. I have been a great fan of your writing for well over a decade. I have also been a subscriber to this channel for many years now, Have watched your documentaries and loved them. These videos with the brilliant guests you have are absolutely a breath of fresh air for someone like me with a curious mind. It’s staggering that we live in a time when such content is widely available at minimal monetary cost if that. Thanks for this brilliant content and wish you all the best.
😊 wow thank you all !!
Fantastic discussion!
Excellent discussion and Brian Greene always asks excellent questions. It would be interesting to ask the panel what their thoughts are about AI Superintelligence.
Absolutely love the channel and this particular show. With this one and a few more I have noticed that towards the end, discussion reaches a point where there is no answer. I think that is where they need to have a couple of practitioners from spirituality such as vedantic scholars or monks that have done years of meditation. I love the modern science and gadgets and tests that discover new facts. The spiritualists can take it to the next level and show that it's not just that perception is reality but in fact reality is a perception.
Remarkable, what an epoch to be a part of. I have so enjoyed all your experience and knowledge which has opened my mind to new possibilities for my own way forward. Thankyou one and all. Kind regards keith.
This is golden, thank you very much! Best channel out there by far
A great discussion although from my POV I would have liked more talk on the use of implantable, synthetic devices for memory storage and BCIs for "off site" memory storage / computation. My organisations The Neural Archives Foundation, has particular interests in a number of the points that were discussed but primarily how this stored information might be recovered from frozen neural tissue.
Also, as usual, Brian did a great job leading the discussion! Well done everyone!
That guy at 37:00 really explained his own fundamental understanding clearly. Not many scientists put so much effort to explain others
This is fascinating, the first time I have seen a plausible (albeit superficial) explanation for how thought and memory work. However, I do not share the idea that this is reductive, or somehow diminishes what we are.
We are made of the elemental forces of the universe, arranged into patterns that can expirence and contemplate its very existence. Then to further know that these patterns are the result of universal causation that traces back throughout time to the very moment of creation. If you think that a better understanding of how our bodily systems work, somehow diminishes what we are, then you do not fully grasp what you are.
Also consider that the universe appears to be (and is almost certainly), infinite. In that case every pattern will inevitably repeat, and not just once, but throughout infinity.
This implies that the perception we are separate finite beings, is in fact an illusion. We are far more than the some of our parts, and in more ways than we can possibly imagine. If these facts don't convince you, and fill you with awe and wonder, you're not paying attention.
Amazing information, huge thanks to professor Brain Greene
Thank you for your education! love its!
It’s very interesting that approaching my 40 I started to dream my past experiences - it’s like coming back memory of my birth- literally the peak of struggle reaching the light, other past lives in strong action moments- short but so vivid and clear dreams/memories 😅..
This was such a beautiful conversation
Fascinating!!
A long line of kids walked in single file in a great big room to where a nun sat with a tennis racket. What was going on? Each crying kid was laid across her lap and whacked once, then hurried out a side door. It was 1943. My sister and I were at Angel Guardian Orphanage in Chicago while my mother was treated for TB at the TB Sanitarium. Years later figured out the whack aimed to keep kids afraid and quiet.
It was dark and warm when Mom and Dad picked us up. He carried the baby. She had to be there, but I don't remember seeing my sister with us. We passed a streetlight that brightened the sidewalk briefly. I felt happy to be going home. We must have taken a bus. No car. Second Memory.
Well the Irish psychiatrist mentioned about hallucinations, some people do other people do experience esoteric phenomena which is much different. Extraterrestrial abductions, ghost apparitions, smoke suddenly appearing, moving lights suddenly, the soft halo of apparent souls moving, channelers written in sleep, all these phenomena happens. I saw a body of light and I was completely awaked and I saw that Sheddims ( souls without physical body mentioned in the Kabbalah), a body just of light where the rainbow of colors swirled. This phenomena is explained in the Kabbalah. A psychiatrist have to be an objective person and allows people that have witnessed these phenomena not to become traumatized by them but on the contrary value them, enrich or strengthen by them and continue moving on ahead.
Surely a memorable episodic memory is formed of this episode on memory.
I find it a bit perplexing that people can assume, limit, their belief to thinking what we see and know is enough to explain something like consciousness or life. What we do know, if we look from a sufficient perspective of the whole, is that life repeats on all scales in all directions, and its safe to assume that we do not know all scales. This makes it hard to think that mind, consciousness, awareness is original, and limited to and a result of the brain as we understand it, that it isn't a version of something else, like a microcosm of something fundamental. Mind as far as we know is intrinsic to everything, because we cannot know anything without it, if it is intrinsic, then as nature does it must be intrinsic on other scales. Truth is with or without understanding, our job is to find the understanding that reveals truth, and not create truths that we can understand, because our understanding is always behind.
I agree and am mindful of all that exists that we are not aware of but should seek to find
1:04:50 reconstruction of memory poses a very important question that contradicts their previous assumptions!
My first memory is from when I was in the back yard with my brothers and a German Shepherd (no surprises there...lol). The weird part is that when we left that house for a different house i was eighteen months old.
So I can remember something from when I was a toddler.
My son remembers being about three months old and we can vouch for this as he remembers the fridge being in the breakfast room, not in the kitchen. He can point it to its exact place and he's right.
I remember being in cot and crawling. I also remember sitting in my dad's slipper and pretending it was a boat. Then I looked up and my dad was so tall!
I have many memories of that kind, all from a very early age.
1:23:43 dude, what she says here made so much sense. Us being aware of ourselves to this extent and looking at ourselves is the illusion of there being something more. More conscious things must be capable of becoming aware of this illusion too?
With Brian Greene at helm, you can be sure that the talk would be high quality and interesting. However I would have wanted to hear a bit more on the exact mechanics of memory formation and retrieval, involving neurons and circuits. The talk was more general.
This was great, particularly the bit about RNA function in synaptic plasticity - perhaps this is why some instinct (learned lessons from one lifetime) can be passed to offspring. Do you think even our understanding of 3D space/shape was learned via evolution and passed on in DNA? I think some memories are triggered by what 3D shape we are currently attending to, and what shapes from memory may be similar (that there is a mechanism for triggerability via proximity/likeness in perceptual space). For example, once when attending to my torso while lying in bed, I had a memory flash of my torso while driving a Volvo, but the road going towards ceiling for torso in memory to align with torso of current attention.
Attending your torso?
@@malindabrowning9240yes, like my chest- for most people the constant locational shifts of their attention escape their conscious observation, but if you learn to pay attention, the brain must 'render' even inertial forces and internal movements of balance and adjustment.
Thanks for posting
Fabulous ! Yay !
This conversation has invoked my memory of watching " Total Recall " for the first time.
Thanks Brian I’ve always enjoyed your presentations this one is really good and presents some very important information on consciousness that I have been seeking you did a great job makes me want to claim you as an Aussie. Fair dinkum
Awesome + Informative = The Mind is very powerful.🙃😎✌️
I think the extent and reach of human memory is a very different process for people. Some have extraordinary reach and depth of memory and others very brief. It's also different for people on different subjects, making it a personal and unique way in which our neurochemistry is defined and functions. I can see Dr Greene has a specific interest in this subject and I wonder, why is that?
"Who am I without my memory?" I said that. I woke from a SE coma with a shredded memory. Realizing I was having trouble accessing my memories was disturbing and no one could see it. I can remember Monday on Tuesday well, come Thursday I'm not gonna know. I can prime a memory with a note/picture for months and when I stop it will be swept away. I couldn't recognize my daughter, friends, boyfriend shaved his face, he looked familiar but no memory came forward. If I close my eyes and listen/ed to their voice I'm in a better position. This started in 2015 I'm 37y/o
Impressed by the detail
Thank you so much
I was missing the applause ... Fantastic show. I had around 5 epiphanies the hour.
@@JesusDiedForYourSins-nm4gq I just called him up. He did not such thing. He told me he that now he was doubting if he was even an historical person with a propper mail address: "All these stories lie in a bit of a messy fog...". Jesus today seemed in quite a desperate mood. 500.000 germans have resigned the church this year alone. Something to do with many thousandfold abuses of authority. But I ask myself: Why do you bring up death and debt in context of a a fantastic science-show that enlights us on the majestic gravity of the neurobiology of human memory?
Interesting.Thank you
0:55,, that word, intuitively, remembering your future
Awesome program! Thanks to the experts for their professional explanations, which solved my hard thinking. Hopefully what I have learned from you will help you too.
What is consciousness?
The subconscious information of the network of neurons is decoded or encoded by the thalamus, and the resulting electrochemical substance is consciousness.
Consciousness, subconsciousness, and deep consciousness are subjective distinctions created by the interaction of various organizational structures in the human brain.
Our consciousness is like an electrochemical flow, divided into conscious stream, subconscious stream and deep conscious stream. Transfer information electrochemically between neuronal networks.
But we cannot perceive the deep stream of consciousness, luckily we all know what we are thinking. That is, we all know our consciousness, so when the subconscious information of the network of neurons is decoded or encoded by the thalamus, the resulting electrochemical substance is consciousness.
Somthing beyond the molecule is gods job that we deserve for human kind.
I am happy to have seen this... we have come a long way in chunking down the mechanics; if scientific method holds, next we can conduct experiments to see an actual emotional orchestration of the brain in color.
Thank you ❤
As always, this is just another piece of gerat knowledge festival... However, I have to say that there is always a pretty feelable sense of stage fright among almost all of the speakers and the host.
I am always on alert for BRIAN GREENE`s work-of-art type topics and discussions on world science festival because I learn and get fantastic insights from the top notch professors and academics about the things that I am both personally and professionally interested in.
Perhaps, I should not say that but I feel somehow compelled to express what I was kind of given by watching this discussion that is, I think, if these discussions on World Science Festival, are not made in front of live audience, instead, if BRIAN GREENE hosts these great festivals like in the times, when he was hosting it alone sitting alone infront of windows through each of which there was a scientist speaking with BRIAN GREENE,,, it would be marvelous because only then both the host and the speakers are feeling at the best level of comfort,,,, I know.... everone who is familiar with human behaviour, consciousness and language, is certainly realized that the stage fright is present in such discussions and it also hampers the level of productivity, level of questions, better insights and so on.......... I think I have made it clearer, at least, to those who think the same and wish the same. Hopefully, this great show would be hosted in a more intimate atmosphere, not in front of a live audiance and also the audiance hampers the producivaty of such discussions too is not that so ?...... because clearly, not everbody is keen on many details and what is really going on in the discussion.....
Best regards to all the speakers and of course to BRIAN GREENE he is a real giant in the realm of science, we are really too luck to have him among us in this era.
I am amazed that my first memory is also me falling of the balcony lol
Very informative
Thank you very much for the remarkable discussion on memory, indeed it was a complex process (at the end of discussion, does it pointing on human's soul?). And actually, I have question, beside organic trauma which could affect the human memory, is that possible that the brain/memory it selves get injured by psychologic trauma? and how this could be explained through molecular basis?... Based on my own experience, huge lies impact on my memory and as consequences conflicted with the identity. And also, is that possible our memory already made before our birth? and if it is possible, how it could be?....any answer are welcomed....
I feel like the panelists missed the mark in answering some of Greene's questions, but it was definitely a great episode.
35:00 - I think the expert misunderstood the question, though the answer was interesting.
‘How do I feel emotion attached to the partial reliving of remembered events, how is that emotion encoded?’
It’s the reliving of the event that causes an emotional reaction, at the present time. It’s why your emotional reaction to an event can change over time (think of a bad break-up/being cheated on, and good/bad memories twisting). I think that’s important in addition to meta-encoding at the post-synaptic level (amount of dopamine vs nonciceptin).
As a toddler, I opened a door closed to keep heat in the kitchen of the coldwater flat in Chicago. What is behind the door? Trotted past dark dressers to bright windows with closed curtained blinds, a couch and chairs. Brr cold in diapers, a shirt, and bare feet. Satisfied, I quickly turned back and closed the door behind me. First memory.
0::48, smell is probably the oldest of our senses
🎉🎉🎉🎉super episode
These descriptions and explanations are splendid, yet they keep changing as more measuring devices are made. Associations to human feelings are dynamic, non-linear and context-depending.
It does keep learners occupied in comprehending the terminologies and flow of logic in making some sense of the data collected by devices and by observations.
Difficulty of such pursuits does not make it superior. Functionality in mitigating real problems make it more relevant. Issues are on-going and has no solution. Only problem statements have solutions. So the pertinent question is, "What problem, if any, is it going to solve?".
When I look back on my life Alma I find that these traumatic events also happen through the eyes of the third person too!
I have Aunts that went with me at that time and she could not believe an take some of these.
Consciousness is the key word
grande..........................................veramente............................grazie..................................
Awesome range of views. Somewhere along I imagined the " synergy" that takes form when Hydrogen and Oxygen give rise to water. I wonder if consciousness expresses it self in the synergy. That it happens invariably and repetitively suggests that the synergy isn't the cause but the expression by some law of this consciousness. All creatures therefore have this power. It is seemingly more pronounced and nuanced in man.... Thanks for this episode WSF.
Grasshopper
❤
1:10:00 in some cases of severe trauma (both psychological and physical trauma but here specifically psychological trauma ) some cases could block both memory and the process of generating personal identity.
why and how?!
Brian and Beast have totally different audiences. Tell your 200+ friends with emails to forward this to their 200+ email contacts. That's 40,000+ possible viewings. Two more forwarding levels could yield at least 1,600,000,000 viewings. Just a thought.
Brian asked some really good, tough questions
Very interesting,
Concepts as I understand them are a representations of what humans not fully understand but at the same time they acknowledge its existence even if only mentally,…etc
usually it’s something agreed on its existence, but may not be agreed on its essence (ambiguity)…
to concise it’s a concept till they agreed on its essence!
An interesting follow up might be the impact of technology such as asocial media and AI on the brain and behavior.
Consciousness is just the loopback circuit between the memory system of the brain and the emotion system , which are so intricately bound together. Being conscient is a feeling based on memories of being alive.
Fabulous
Very wrong. Our true conciseness has nothing with our memory. You are messing up with your mind which is just surfer on the water. You need to see your thoughts in rhird place, being aware about your conciseness to realize that your life instance is more than your memories accumulated.
Btw, memory is not stored in our brain.
To all involved with this video from the narrator and writers and the artists and videographer and all the scientist , fantastic job well done making a the subject matter easy to comprehend and enjoyable. The voice of the narrator keeping me interested. Surely this won awards and deservedly so.
The smells of rotting leaves in the fall always reminds me of high school.
Thank you very much, I am very interested in memory formation and functioning, I just wander about the kids that speaks 7 languages without learning before (how the Plasticity formed). Thank you again!
It's interesting that till the point the experts were sharing the techniques of their individual expertise they seemed very precise and certain. But soon as the conversation came to the collective result of their work, they started rambling. The experts might have charted parts of the brain and the mind and have come to understand the two as units of form and function but they still have very little understanding of the combined processes of the two. And if you really want to see them perplexed, just look at them the moment the word "consciousness" was thrown into the mix. That word is the Achilles heal of neurosciences.
1:22:00 matter (human brain) can yield consciousness type one because it’s a process that requires human brain (in this case), consciousness type one is the key for mankind to decipher both consciousness type one and type two.
even though at the end self concept (one of the most advanced coding systems in existence itself), but it’s possible to decipher consciousness type one.
Interesting conversation 🤔🤔🤔
1:24 The Theory of Semantic Molecules. :D
13:26 Veronica O’Keane - from Stimulus to Cortisol; 19:05 Survival vs. Allostatic Load; 37:28 Oliver Baumann - Molecular Basis of Emotional Event
I'm thoroughly enjoying this. I read a book with a similar topic, and it was truly captivating. "Unlocking the Brain's Full Potential" by Alexander Sterling