Laser-powered bullets reveal surprising metal hardness

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  • čas přidán 21. 05. 2024
  • Conventional thinking suggests that metals soften as they warm. But this isn't always true, as researchers have succeeded in demonstrating that under extreme conditions, metals actually get harder as they get hotter.
    By shooting metal targets with tiny, laser-powered projectiles, this team was able to create incredibly high strain rates. Under these conditions a property called drag strengthening comes into play giving rise to metals that behave in counterintuitive ways, and could inform high speed manufacture or aerospace engineering.
    Read the paper: www.nature.com/articles/s4158...
  • Věda a technologie

Komentáře • 54

  • @lbgstzockt8493
    @lbgstzockt8493 Před 29 dny +42

    "optically-driven microballistics" is my favorite term of the day.

  • @kinfongyeung5400
    @kinfongyeung5400 Před 29 dny +26

    did not expect the heavy metal music from nature

    • @mikechiu9767
      @mikechiu9767 Před 28 dny +3

      Hats off to whomever came up with the idea. It was brilliant.

  • @vaibhavkodiyan8831
    @vaibhavkodiyan8831 Před 29 dny +9

    Wow, this video blew my mind! I always thought metals just got softer with heat, but the whole idea of them getting harder under certain conditions is a game-changer. The way they used lasers to shoot tiny particles at metals and then caught it all on camera is just next-level cool. It's like a glimpse into the future of materials science. Kudos to the team behind this - super fascinating stuff!

  • @jimk8520
    @jimk8520 Před 29 dny +7

    Is this why a copper jet from an rpg works so well?

    • @notachair4757
      @notachair4757 Před 28 dny +3

      Well, the copper jet doesn't penetrate by melting though armor, it does it by sheer kinetic force. Enough that metals act like liquids regardless.
      Although, I wouldn't be suprised if effects like this could play a part

  • @Natethesandman1
    @Natethesandman1 Před 29 dny +3

    “Nickel-aluminides, son”

  • @akituln
    @akituln Před 28 dny +2

    Could it be that the higher temps increased the elastisity of the metals?

  • @lucasmontec
    @lucasmontec Před 28 dny +3

    the extreme conditions were 170C?

  • @SteveWard
    @SteveWard Před 24 dny +1

    Why do the crater graphs not support the claim? Looks like higher temp impact left a smaller crater. Also, someone would have noticed if copper really got stronger at higher temps.

  • @GrilledCheeseSandwich1
    @GrilledCheeseSandwich1 Před 28 dny +3

    You mentioned hypervelocity (3000m/s) but the study didn't even reach 10% of that:
    >The velocities targeted in this study (below 250 m s−1 for copper and titanium and below 150 m s−1 for gold) are all slightly low compared with conventional high-rate test-ing;

  • @jackmclane1826
    @jackmclane1826 Před 28 dny +2

    We're talking about toughness and not strength here.
    Metals are more brittle (less tough) under shock loads, especially when it is cold. That is WELL known for ages.

  • @Kris-fd9xs
    @Kris-fd9xs Před 14 dny

    Running around in cherry red ar500 plates makes you invincible 💥

  • @stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369

    Cool, sad I cant find more about drag strengthening online easily

    • @pablovirus
      @pablovirus Před 29 dny

      Damn 😂

    • @Telephonebill51
      @Telephonebill51 Před 28 dny

      That's because this is a load of shit. The particles are sub-microscopic and only traveling a few feet. "Laser Bullets" is total clickbait.

    • @stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369
      @stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369 Před 28 dny +2

      @@Telephonebill51 That's not the part I was talking about. And I wasnt quite expecting actual bullets but maybe I can see it as misleading

    • @Telephonebill51
      @Telephonebill51 Před 26 dny

      @@stefansauvageonwhat-a-twis1369 Well, then, maybe you'll eventually understand technology.

    • @zairac2564
      @zairac2564 Před 20 dny

      You'll find papers of you use Google Scholar and search for "dislocation drag strengthening". About the 3rd hit down is the paper this video is based on. Nevermind the troll in the comments.

  • @sbreheny
    @sbreheny Před 28 dny +1

    How does this jive with adiabatic shear? Very high shear strain rates have been shown to cause extreme local heating which in turn softens the metal locally and causes more shear strain than otherwise expected based on the bulk temperature of the metal.

  • @conodigrom
    @conodigrom Před 28 dny +2

    This is well known and exploited both in aerospace and military applications.

  • @ToeCutter454
    @ToeCutter454 Před 23 dny

    well... lets see now... the reason RPG's punch through most tank armor is because it's MOLTEN COPPER propelled at a rate of ~7 to 8 miles per second(that's AFTER it hits it's target and the shape charge detonates). it acts like an uncompressible hydraulic fluid so of course it's going to be "harder". it's like the same effect of dropping large objects in water, the higher the speed the shallower it penetrates(at least up to a certain size like a meteorite or asteroid that has sufficient enough mass to overcome the surface tension).

  • @MyNordlys
    @MyNordlys Před 28 dny

    Maybe also this works on shaped charges with copper, increasing their penetration ability ?

  • @mreese8764
    @mreese8764 Před 29 dny +2

    Hot squash balls are also bouncier, but also softer.

    • @StanleyKubick1
      @StanleyKubick1 Před 27 dny

      too many also's for one sentence

    • @mreese8764
      @mreese8764 Před 27 dny +1

      @@StanleyKubick1 Too many apostrophes for that sentence.

  • @ARVash
    @ARVash Před 29 dny

    This is the first time I've heard phonons be used in a practical context.

  • @user-um8tq1tz7m
    @user-um8tq1tz7m Před 18 dny

    D3O mix with powdered hemp coated with Teflon won't stop it ever

  • @ernestopreciado4895
    @ernestopreciado4895 Před 28 dny

    This is truly metal as fuck

  • @Model3GenerativeANdroid

    2:55 this proves that ancient Egypt makes the pyramids with copper chisel & copper saw.

  • @philippeturco4670
    @philippeturco4670 Před 24 dny

    THE NEW STOCK MEME IS 🎉🎉🎉LUCY

  • @tymz-r-achangin
    @tymz-r-achangin Před 28 dny

    Cool thinking to add heavy metal music to a hard metal video

  • @PluetoeInc.
    @PluetoeInc. Před 29 dny +4

    if only the T-rexs had covered the earth with copper/gold before the shit hit the fan

  • @StanleyKubick1
    @StanleyKubick1 Před 27 dny

    give me a copper turbo compresser wheel right now

  • @jaypaans3471
    @jaypaans3471 Před 25 dny

    All I see is snow and jumping to conclusins

  • @kevinedwards7206
    @kevinedwards7206 Před 24 dny

    amazing..

  • @orcmanddegormak1031
    @orcmanddegormak1031 Před 28 dny

    so, basically, when a metal is hot enough it acts like a non-newtonian fluid? hmm

  • @EyesOfByes
    @EyesOfByes Před 29 dny

    Unlocked Strain Rate

  • @katoy9976
    @katoy9976 Před 21 dnem

    Türkler metal delen 9mm yapmıştı. 🙃 Hemen sergilemekte üstümüze yok.

  • @donaldasayers
    @donaldasayers Před 29 dny

    'High Speed Steel' is harder at red heat than at room temperature.

    • @sbreheny
      @sbreheny Před 28 dny

      no - it just doesn't soften as much as most types of tool steel

  • @prodby.godswill
    @prodby.godswill Před 28 dny

    Ian Dowding is the 🐐(he helped publish this and is a good friend of mine)

  • @Taipou
    @Taipou Před 29 dny +1

    I wonder if other people are also annoyed by the narrator's shhh in "shhhhhhtrain rate", "exhhhhtreme" and "shhhhhtrength"...

  • @mrpicky1868
    @mrpicky1868 Před 11 dny

    doubtful setup. as thermal energy is kinetic actually . what they tested here is how much of thermal energy in shield transfers to the bullet. so they might have wrong conclusions

  • @paladin0654
    @paladin0654 Před 27 dny

    Well, shtrain rates are certainly shtrange!

  • @Telephonebill51
    @Telephonebill51 Před 28 dny

    These aren't "bullets" , they're microscopic specks of matter moving a few feet. "Laser Bullets" is total fucking clickbait.

  • @Tadesan
    @Tadesan Před 28 dny

    This sounds like junk science. Remember 'negative surface tension'?

  • @mreese8764
    @mreese8764 Před 29 dny

    Shorry to ashk: but where's that accent from?

  • @pyroMaximilian
    @pyroMaximilian Před 28 dny

    Shorry, but the shtupid pronunschiation makesh the schiensche hard to undershtand.

  • @broslyons8045
    @broslyons8045 Před 28 dny

    wow - surprising -
    this is why I love science -