Carbohydrates - cyclic structures and anomers | Chemical processes | MCAT | Khan Academy

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  • čas přidán 6. 09. 2024
  • Created by Ryan Scott Patton.
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Komentáře • 65

  • @derbob1234
    @derbob1234 Před 8 lety +330

    the way I remember the difference between alpha and beta glucose is that the letter alpha looks like a fish so the hydroxyl group is "swimming under the surface of the ring" and beta is like a bird so the hydroxyl group is "flying"...hope this helps someone else out!

    • @tobinthuma1501
      @tobinthuma1501 Před 8 lety +14

      +Timo Kuerten Be aware that alpha=down and beta=up does not always hold true. The anomeric OH relative to the CH2OH substituent on C6 determines alpha and beta designations. Alpha position is trans to CH2OH and Beta is cis to CH2OH. For example, the fructose unit of a sucrose disaccharide is the beta anomer, even though the anomeric oxygen is pointing down. This is because the anomeric OH is cis with the CH2OH substituent.

    • @derbob1234
      @derbob1234 Před 8 lety +3

      +Tobin Thuma fair enough my description is only what I learnt in my first year of Biochemistry from one of my lecturers so don't hold me to it

    • @johnmandrake8829
      @johnmandrake8829 Před 8 lety +12

      lol I just remember by "betta look up!"

    • @arpykelian4034
      @arpykelian4034 Před 8 lety +9

      My professor distinguishes the following way: alpha ants as in crawling on the floor so they are down, and beta bees as in flying up above. hope this helps

    • @Yellowmailer
      @Yellowmailer Před 7 lety +2

      Beta anomer is the more stable form because in this setup most the large substituents such as OH and hidroxymethyl groups arange in a way that they are equatorial to the ring so they do not interfere with the stability of the ring structure. Keeping that in mind it makes sense that for the beta anomers the glicosidic OH group points the same way as the Hydroxymethyl (cis) group and for the alpha anomers they point in different directions (trans) Therefore your assumptions that alpha is under beta is above is wrong. It would be better to say that if the glycosidic OH group is opposite to the CH2OH group then it is an alpha anomer and if they are pointing the same way it is the beta anomer. I hope this helps:)

  • @xBubbliex3
    @xBubbliex3 Před 5 lety +61

    some (hopefully helpful) mnemonics for you guys:
    Mnemonic: Sugar Daddy Loves Amino Acids
    - D-sugars
    - L-amino acids
    Mnemonic: being lactose intolerant makes my Belly hurt
    - lactose = glucose + galactose
    - B in belly for beta glycosidic linkage
    Mnemonic: Apple is a fruitose that has sugar
    - sucrose = fructose + glucose
    - A in apple for alpha glycosidic linkage

  • @lawyerdoctor
    @lawyerdoctor Před 7 lety +4

    Thank you! Wow that was really helpful. I am studying for the MCAT and that cleared up some questions that I have had for some time. Thanks again, I feel smarter!

  • @tiffanycrosby8402
    @tiffanycrosby8402 Před 6 lety +1

    The way you simply breakdown each step while completing a more complex concept really streamlines the learning process. I would love to see more examples or a practice section, where we could pause and complete and then check our accuracy.

  • @MusicISlove9224
    @MusicISlove9224 Před 9 lety +10

    I love the little learning tricks you give. You're awesome thank you. ^_^

  • @jangaya9054
    @jangaya9054 Před 4 lety +1

    iam sorry for being dumb but how does carbon 3 become OH upward when it is HO left on its fischer form???? 😅 and as well as carbon 4 become HO below when it is OH right?? i know that right is down and left is up but i just dont get the part with the OH and HO changes thingy and if it does matter if it changes,,, i really dk im dumb asf. i have test tomorrow and i'm still stuck at this
    i need an answer huhuhuhuhuhu

  • @muhammadsaif3499
    @muhammadsaif3499 Před 3 lety +1

    Hey can anyone answer a question. Why in glucose, the number 5 carbon creates bond with number 1? What is the problem with carbon 4? Why not It's hydroxyl group reacting with the carbonyl group in number 1 carbon?

  • @kikkirow
    @kikkirow Před 10 lety +1

    How does this have no comments? This video is very helpful.Thanks!

  • @ww-bj7uk
    @ww-bj7uk Před 2 lety +1

    Beautiful explain.

  • @experienceunique
    @experienceunique Před 2 lety

    thanks Ryan that was very helpful to me specially with lack of valid sources in my (persian)language

  • @alsneed7941
    @alsneed7941 Před 3 lety

    this is legit the best khan academy video out there... bless

  • @patriciaa4260
    @patriciaa4260 Před 2 lety

    I really appreciate the little memorization techniques!!! Thank you :)

  • @adgiant552
    @adgiant552 Před 8 lety +1

    This video is highly recommended..good work done Sir.

  • @sciencenerd7639
    @sciencenerd7639 Před 2 lety

    thanks!

  • @celticgirl389
    @celticgirl389 Před 3 lety +1

    What about the anomeric effect???

  • @AlbertoMartinez-td4hw
    @AlbertoMartinez-td4hw Před 8 lety +1

    you rock man, those memory tricks really helped

  • @raghada9123
    @raghada9123 Před 9 lety +1

    It all makes sense now!! thank you so much!!

  • @BatmanxX97
    @BatmanxX97 Před 9 lety

    good video it help me a lot, i speak spanish as a first languaje and couldnt find good videos like this one

  • @b3ba612
    @b3ba612 Před 5 lety +1

    How do you know if for carbon # 1 the OH goes up or down? I don’t think you covered that

    • @Arc1Yuni
      @Arc1Yuni Před 5 lety

      If the product is alpha, -OH will always be under. While beta always go above.

  • @MopTopRock
    @MopTopRock Před 6 lety

    can someone explain why the OHs in the alpha D-sorbopyranose of the anomeric carbon and the highest stereocenter are actually on the SAME side (both down) as opposed to anti? And then conversely why the Beta form has the reverse

  • @maximehendrickx6212
    @maximehendrickx6212 Před 3 lety

    Thankyou so much!

  • @mariatahir5718
    @mariatahir5718 Před 9 lety

    dont we show thick n thin lines in the ring to show the closeness towards the reader?

  • @beckwilde
    @beckwilde Před 7 lety

    i like that you said "peenk" at 1:57 LOL cus same

  • @geoffreypetrus1912
    @geoffreypetrus1912 Před 4 lety

    amazing tutorial

  • @mahmoudyoussif2481
    @mahmoudyoussif2481 Před 9 lety

    Owesome video! what kind of software you use to make this video?

  • @tiibrahim5714
    @tiibrahim5714 Před 5 lety

    Very helpful

  • @user-sn7rw6ml5y
    @user-sn7rw6ml5y Před 2 lety

    موفق استاذ شرح أكثر من رائع

  • @abbasali-pf7fw
    @abbasali-pf7fw Před 4 lety

    It was a fantastic job the way u've explained it . Thank you ^^

  • @alialazawi5327
    @alialazawi5327 Před 5 lety

    Thank you so much,this is very helpful 🌷

  • @FredrickRockson
    @FredrickRockson Před 9 lety

    Thanks
    helped me a lot

  • @hebrux
    @hebrux Před 9 lety

    This video is awesome! Thank you!

  • @ohno9781
    @ohno9781 Před 6 lety

    most trusted channel :>

  • @parinithamaben4141
    @parinithamaben4141 Před 9 lety

    Very helpful! Thanks :)

  • @asimshah9512
    @asimshah9512 Před 8 lety

    wonderfull viedos

  • @user-xh9yf1vm7h
    @user-xh9yf1vm7h Před 5 lety

    What if the glucose was L , will the anomers be L too?

  • @mussawirabdullah1718
    @mussawirabdullah1718 Před 3 lety

    When a compound changes into its ring shape here 2 hydrogen atom becomes less...like cycloalkane from alkane..
    But in carbohydrates this method is not applicable why..
    There both the structures have same number of hydrogen..🤔

  • @gnarlax95
    @gnarlax95 Před 5 lety +1

    3:30 saved me! thank you so much

  • @dzgn4831
    @dzgn4831 Před 4 lety

    May God bless you :))

  • @dhamargallardo5624
    @dhamargallardo5624 Před 3 lety

    A wise professor once told me alpha ankle (down) beta balloon (up)

  • @nosegrindv4951
    @nosegrindv4951 Před 6 lety +1

    sal must have a cold, he sounds funny.

  • @kafge7798
    @kafge7798 Před 9 lety

    I didn't understand the chair structure

  • @GDXdominator
    @GDXdominator Před 7 lety +2

    Wrong Cyclic.

  • @amineaboutalib
    @amineaboutalib Před 6 lety

    4:00 pyro for 5 carbones* and furo for 4 carbones

  • @user-cr4st2ee2j
    @user-cr4st2ee2j Před 8 lety

    62:38

  • @nehadalnahdi
    @nehadalnahdi Před 9 lety

    ♡♡♡♡♡

  • @lecturestudio4640
    @lecturestudio4640 Před 3 lety

    I wonder why Khan Academy has so many subscribers....

  • @mohamedjimbo9666
    @mohamedjimbo9666 Před 7 lety +1

    guys..I hope you make arabic subtitle

  • @TheAmmarKeylani
    @TheAmmarKeylani Před 5 lety

    Too complexed!!!! Make it simple

  • @kafge7798
    @kafge7798 Před 9 lety +9

    His accent was kind of distracting me. Lol Anyone else?

    • @nxph2108
      @nxph2108 Před 9 lety +1

      +Tasty Watermelon yup. looking for this comment