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1941 EDUCATIONAL FILM " PAPER MAKING " HOW PAPER IS MANUFACTURED LUMBER INDUSTRY PH98994
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- čas přidán 2. 06. 2021
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This black & white educational film is about how paper is made starting with trees in the forest to its finishing process. Copyright is 1941 by Coronet Productions.
Titles: Paper Making (:07-:33). Title: Winter Logging in Northern United States. Forest with snow. Tall pine trees abound. Northern Michigan. Men eat breakfast. A man trudges through the snow with a saw and hammer. A bulldozer carries a man into the forest. A man hacks at a tree with an ax. Snow falls from a tree as another man cuts a tree. A light snowfall continues to fall. A man cuts a tree and it topples over. He cuts through it with a saw. Men gather the wood and put it onto a lift that is dragged by a bulldozer (:34-3:16). The logs are loaded onto trucks. A truck drives off with lots of logs piled onto it. Men move logs off the truck (3:17-4:10). Title: Pulpwood from Canada. Spruce forest of Ontario, Canada. Men loosen logs in shallow rapids. The logs must go over a small fall to continue down river. Logs are drawn together in Lake Superior. They are then gathered and loaded in a giant steel barge by a mechanical conveyor belt. The logs are packed in the hold. The barge moves along the river. A crane helps remove logs. Railway cars are then loaded. A paper mill is next to a water supply. A wood yard houses the wood. Wood is measured and then craned into the yard for future use (4:11-7:12). Logs are taken by rail cars to a paper mill. Wood is dumped onto a conveyer belt as it heads for the wood room. Wood is sawed and then separated and tumbled. Men grab some logs and give them finishing touches in a knotter saw. Sticks are separated (7:13-8:19). Title: Wood Pulp by the Sulphite Process. Wood is cut into chips. Chips sent by conveyor belts to a digester. The digester machine takes the wood chips. An animated diagram explains and shows how the digester works. The digester spits some into the blowpit. Cooking liquor is drained off. What happens in the blowpit is shown and explained in diagram. Pulp is sent to a series of screens which rejects coarse chips (8:20-10:54). The thickener is next. Accepted stock is show and explained in a machine with a diagram. The process of getting the pulp to paper is explained. A man uses a press roll to make paper (10:55-12:35). Title: Wood Pulp by the Groundwood Process. In the wood room, the logs to be used for ground pulp are conveyed to the storage room after sorting. A grinding machine. A man piles logs. A man take a screening of ground pulp. An empty beater is shown to explain how a beater works. A beater cuts and hydrates the fibers. A pail is emptied. A man puts sulphite into liquid. Large paper machines (12:36-15:13). As water goes through a screen, paper making solids are sent into sheet form. A press machine. Water is removed. Sheets of paper on an endless canvass. Coating materials are added. A man turns on a machine. Paper is pressed in between steel rollers. Paper is tested.Paper's coating is tested as well. Folding is also tested.Paper on rollers. A blade cuts raw paper to single sheets of a certain size. Paper is inspected by hand by women workers (15:14-18:08). Sheets are packed in cases, labeled and marked. Some paper is wrapped and placed in rolls. Large rolls usually have paper for magazines. Rolls of paper are packed into a truck. A forklift takes a roll of wrapped paper. The roll is placed into storage. A newspaper printing press. paper is cut into sections (18:09-19:48). Magazine pages. Binding machine. Conveyor belt moves the magazine and a blade trims any rough edges. A woman sits reading a magazine. A boy reads a book (19:49-20:48).
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I spent 30 years in the paper industry, primarily light and heavy weight coated publication grades. Of course, that market is dead. Who gets magazines and catalogs these days? Still, the basic processes described are still the same today, no matter what kind of paper you're making. Of course, a lot has been automated. Gone are the logging camps. Logging is done mostly year-round, except for a few weeks in mud season. Machines that grab the tree, cut it off at the base, limb it, cut it to the proper length, and stack it on a trailer in one smooth motion taking less than maybe a minute are now used. That's quite a sight to see. Continuous process digesters are now widely used, although batch processors are still used. Wet lap machines are still used, although primarily by mills that sell pulp or for stockpiling pulp for pulp mill outages. The bleached pulp usually goes straight to the paper machines now, maybe with a short stop in storage tanks. Sheeting is almost all automated, from cutting the paper into sheets to packing it into boxes. Even the stacking of boxes on pallets is automated. Robot trucks convey the pallets of boxes or rolls of paper around the mill now. For roll paper going to printing or converting facilities. wrapping the rolls and putting on the end-caps is all automated. Of course, the processes themselves are now computer-controlled, using distributed control systems to monitor and control the pressures, flows, temperatures, basis weight, caliper, moisture, and so forth. Not quite an operation "Run by one employee and a dog," but close. Safety and environmental protection has changes, too, a lot, and for the better.
I was a human forklift in a paper mill for a couple of years.
Nope. You’re right. Thanks. I did too.
My father and grandfather did logging. I never had the opportunity. I would marvel at the hearing of what they had to endure. Hats off, to all of those in the lumber industry!
Here i was thinking paper has become crazy expensive. But after seeing this, I cant believe how cheap it is.
Especially back when this info video was made.. Considering how many ppl had to get paid plus the expense of factory & machine upkeep.
With today’s logging machines able to cut down and strip a tree every few seconds, more efficient transportation, new processes and equipment, and less labour intensive, paper is probably more high grade and easier to manufacture, meaning prices can be a lot cheaper than you might think.
What I don’t like is that even today we are still cutting down trees faster than they are planted or can grow to maturity, the amount of paper (and plastic etc) that the world has produced is probably mind boggling, and yet the rate of recycling is far lower than it should be, if we have any hope of saving the planet for future generations we have to recycle more, use renewable energy sources and stop rapping Mother Earth of minerals etc, otherwise the next generation could be the last. 😔😡🤬🇬🇧🏴
@@allandavis8201 "otherwise the next generation could be the last" HAHAHAHAHA Really Al Gore? HAHAHA and "snowfall will be a thing of the past" too, right Al.
@@coloradostrong you're dumb enough to think a scientist said snowfall would be a thing of the past.
@@allandavis8201 Capitalism doesn't cut off the hand that feeds it. When pushed, it will adjust to accommodate the changing resources and expenses. Your scenario does not factor in the technology that has and will continue to extract the maximum benefit for the least cost. (Or, you can volunteer to return to the woods and live off "the fat 'o the land," if you prefer.)
@@bondjames5874 Exactly hahahah!
This was an incredibly well made film. I worked in the paper industry from the 80's to the mid 2000's. Its interesting to see how much of the work is now completely automated, and its interesting to see what operations were automated in the 40's. Its also amazing that with so little of the advanced tools we have today that they made such good quality products.
I work in the paper industry and our machine really isn't that different from the machines of thgen which blows my mind!
Wow. A lot went into making paper 80 years ago. This is a lot more complex than how the Egyptians made paper our papyrus...I wonder who came up with this process. I didn't see a single job that looked easy or interesting...OK, maybe the folding tester or the Head Beater Man (how'd you like to be one of his kids?). I now understand why there aren't many papermills to be seen. Thanks for publishing this, PeriscopeFilm.
I wouldn’t have minded being a lumberjack or logger but definitely not working in a mill, at least being out in the forests would be quite cathartic even in winter, very very hard work and dangerous as well, but I have never been afraid of hard work and 24 years in the military certainly had its dangerous moments, but the mill? How boring wood that be. 😀👍🇬🇧🏴
@@allandavis8201 There were most likely a lot fewer white collar and other inside jobs in those days. So a larger percentage of the workforce was required to take such difficult and dangerous jobs. I was born (1951) and raised in the lumber-harvesting Montana Rockies and remember stepping thru deep snow took a lot of energy all by itself. And we didn't have the cold and water resistant clothing available today...wet and cold feet were pretty much the winter norm. This was before today's safety features and the sawmill people in the area were infamous for missing fingers. A cousin of mine was killed when a log suddenly dropped off a logging truck just as he was driving past it. If you took me back in time and these were the only jobs available, I'd probably take Head Beater Man, working in the testing lab or be homeless. I'm happy my grandparents chose to not move to an area where the jobs were mostly in coal mines or papermills.
Absolutely incredible. Lived in Berlin NH once a big paper mill town.
We played against Berlin in High School sports… I’ll always remember how stinky that town was. 😂
Anyone else ever remember seeing a small wood chip in their elementary school tablet and picking it out?
Ha! Yes. The edges of the table especially, I would also rub my eraser out on some paper and collect the rubber.
I cut down trees, I eat my lunch
I go to the lavatory
On Wednesdays I go shopping and have buttered scones for tea
...and you're OK
I wear ladies panties...
Dad lets me drive the car in driveway on tuesdays
Anyone notice that they DIDN'T SHOW where the "waste water" that was used in the processes went.
I was stationed in Plattsburg, New York in the mid to late '70's and there was a HUGE paper mill right on Lake Champlain. The "scum" got so bad in the summer from the "waste pulp" that you couldn't swim. That crap coated the beaches up and down the lake. The city tried to get them to install pollution controls and the manufacturer told them if they wanted to press the issue, they would shut down immediately. So, needless to say, the city backed down and the pollution continued. Haven't been back in years, but the last time I was, the plant had considerably shrunk in size and production (I am sure the Feds stepped in). So making paper is a VERY WATER INTENSIVE PROCESS AND THE WASTE PRODUCTS ARE HORRIBLE.
Exactly
The waste isn’t bad after it’s been treated. Most of it is used as fertilizer on farms or burned in a power boiler mixed with bark. I’m sure years ago it was different but it’s not a concern anymore.
@@richie2dicks468 No, the waste from paper pulping is pretty gnarly. I haven't been there in 320 or so years, but the last time I was like I said the plant was considerably smaller. I would have to research to find out if they made any strides in reclaiming or reusing the pulp left over. AND any commercial paper production facility uses MASSIVE amounts of water.
@@MrTommyboy68 well I currently work in the industry and can tell you they have. You’d be foolish to think the epa would allow that this day and age. The only part you are right about is the volume of water. The process does use a lot of water and state and federal agencies have been setting new limits to reduce the pull from local aquifers in the last 5 years. New systems are being used to help with this such as reclaiming more process water and de salinization plants to use the salt/brackish river water instead of pulling from the ground water supply. This is why America struggles to compete with China. We are closing mills while they bring new mills online. There is no perfect answer. The main point is the environmental standards of your time are long gone and continue to change every year. Recently a large meal on the East Coast spent over $70 million to revamp their wood control process. The old pneumatic woodyard lost its permit and was torn down due to concern of airborne dust particles escaping. It was replaced with a self reclaiming system with underground tunnels and above ground fully enclosed galleys enclosing the conveyor system 100% from the environment.
Well, a lot has happened since then and after working in pulp and paper for 25 years I know that at least in Sweden where I am from, environment is a big concern. The lignin mentioned was in the early years flushed out in the river but when they found a market for it a lot of products were made from the lignin. Anything combustable waste we burned in the steamboilers. Any waste pulp was used to cover landfills as an example… Companies not willing to act responsible, just shut them down! We only have one planet.
Great episode on how they get the logs to made paper the equipment they used the man power to stack and move the logs to the paper mills to make paper
What happier times and there were none of them in sight.
well i wont waste paper anymore wow
5:20 random flying log ?
I enjoy your films but wish you would move the counter to the edge and shrink it down a little - thanks.
Or, or, just maybe ! You could hush and look past it! Enjoy the video the way it is!
The counter is original with the video.
@@prestoncheapbtheadphoneste3010 No, I don't believe it is. Notice it starts with "PF", as in Periscope Films. PF makes money licensing these and that counter is one of the ways they protect themselves from piracy when posting these videos on CZcams. It's also useful as you can look at the information PF posts about the film and match it up to a specific spot in the film.
@Dr. Hannibal Lester You can turn the "suggestions" off in your settings and for ads try: ublock.org/ and uBlock Origin. No more ads at all. Especially for those "free with ads" movies. Right now both of those ad blockers I showed you and I use, are blocking over 140 items trying to access my device.
They add that counter so you will buy (or license) the original from them without the counter. Look a little further. I think a good deal of their material may be public domain, but they've put in the effort to compile these videos. Check out their website.
@@JeffDeWitt good information, makes sense. I have watched hundreds of periscope films and enjoyed immensely. A very minuscule price to pay.
Next time your 16 year old comes home and bitches it was a tough day at McDonalds show them this.
And I bet the leftover liquors and all that other waste were just pumped into the river for the downstream people to worry about.
The liquors are not wasted at all. They are sent to evaporators to bring up the solids and then burned in a recovery boiler to help generate steam for the mill. The run off of the boiler is used to make green liquor when is them used to make white liquor. Then it’s used again. Virtually no loss
I worked in chemical recovery where the organic solids and the spent chemicals were burned. About 97% of the chemicals were recovered and converted into new cooking liquor for reuse again. The heat from burning the organic solids from the tree were used to generate steam for electrical generation or for drying paper. About 55% of our total energy needs came from the tree waste.
thanks for sharing the video
My pleasure. Love our channel? Help us save and post more orphaned films! Support us on Patreon: www.patreon.com/PeriscopeFilm Even a really tiny contribution can make a difference.
@@PeriscopeFilm Sometimes a view is all we can afford sir, Surely you can understand.
Imagine how amazing it smelled in that factory!
I like the way this man says "bleach"
Worked myself on the Wargön Paper mill in Sweden from 1983 until they closed in 2008. I worked myself upwards to better and better jobs from feeding the grinders to assisting Pulp boiler to bleacher to Pulp boiler and ended up as a steamboiler. Wonderful times but the bisulphite and the sulphurdioxide has taken a toll on the lungs.
The Mullen tester!
50 years in the paper industry on the corrugated side
Couldn’t count how many paper mills I’ve been to, and loads of paper hauled…
After all that, I still could not tell you how paper is made, except that it comes from wood.
Wow things are different today. They used such thick logs in this video. Bleaching today is done with oxygen, not bleach. I would really love to know what the press blankets were made of, and if the former wire was actually metal. I don't think they had plastics at this point.
the rolls were skinny too
Paper Engineer here… almost everything about this video is so antiquated. Nobody would take logs suitable for sawn dimensional lumber and make paper out of it. The sulphite process is a dinosaur and was terribly pollutive die to pack of a good recovery cycle, the process to clean the pulp from the blow tanks has changed, the refining process, the actual wet lap machines… everything. Although a lot of bleaching today is done with CLO2 also. Those paper machines are cute abs tiny. I also saw about 200 OSHA incidents here.
@@Salvadorbalihai24 What was nice is those bronze wires would have been recycled. All the press blankets and plastic forming wires went to the on site dump, unless someone wanted to take one home. I imagine it was easier to mess up a metal wire while putting it on, seeing what the plastic wire went through sometimes. And yes, even the plastic wire did get messed up that it needed to be changed again immediately.
@@MikeinAustin The response we need.
I have to guess the last part, printing and binding were done by RR Donnelley.
So I'm guessing the unique fragrance (which reminded my mom of an overturned outhouse), comes from the digester.
You live down wind of a papermill too? 😂
It’s not just the digesters it’s a combo of all of it. This is so outdated it’s not a good example of what a modern mill would be. The Kraft mill type pulp mills are the one with the smell. I work at one.
@@richie2dicks468 I grew up in the '70s in NE WI, on the Fox River there were many paper mills (one being in Kaukuna) and if the wind was just right we could smell the paper mill from 30miles away (to the shore of Lake Michigan). :Like Jeff mentioned it's a very distinctive fragrance.
@@fumingriley you’ll have that with any Kraft mill. It’s not the paper machines but everything on the back end supporting them
@@fumingriley we tell people that complain about it in our little mill town “ that’s the smell of money”
From the UK - All that process so that I can eat my fish and chips in a newspaper.......
My uncle and father were sawyers. But not like this or pulping. I became a lumber grader. Its ierd seeing it done the old fashioned way. But the ability to put a tree exactly where you want it is still a basic skill.
I'm thinking of Monty Python's lumberjack song when this first started. Not a chainsaw to be seen
I love the common Florida junkie solar panel commercial. No it doesn't Make me want to buy or lease solar panels
“Don’t give a inch.” 🇺🇸
Did they put this much work into the pyramids?
8:43
Michigan had quite a few things going for it!
Now look at it! 😕😐
What a mess!
It’s trying to make a comeback!
Or or just maybe you could hush and look past it.
@@zacharyp3 awww. Thanks. :). Your comment really makes no sense to what I said but, thanks for trying. Lol 😂.
@@zacharyp3 did I hit a nerve. Lol. I really got to you! Lol. Love it.
Thanks again lmao 🤣!!
Michigan is still a price of shif state, not that great, and Michigan wolverines haven't been anything in 25 years....🏴☠️😝😝😝🤪🎱🎱🎱☠☠☠☠🤯🤯🤣🤣🇨🇳
Yo! Michigan gang reporting in! I want to know which paper mill this was...
0
Back when it actually snowed in Michigan. Now it barely snows ! 😕
I wonder if people would be ok with brown paper if they knew how much more pollution was created to make it white. I would be ok with it but no one ever asked.
I wonder if you will put your shopping budget where your mouth is and incentivize the production of brown paper, if it's of such concern to you. When your file cabinets are full of shopping bag paper, we'll know how serious you are.
@@reasonableconservative4497 I store all my records electronically and recycle my shopping bags.
@@billruss6704 Evil bags!
@@reasonableconservative4497 I don't think inanimate objects can be evil (bad bag go home). A more proper use of the word would be evil troll. Is incentivize a real word? Besides the shopping cart wheels lock up when you try to remove them from the parking lot.
@@billruss6704 You don't like white paper, don't buy it. I like it just fine, extra pollution and all. (Same as white bread, white milk, and everything else bleached and looking sharp.) That bothers you, go join the Green Peace or something. (And never accept a white receipt again!)
The luxuriant secretary early pop because sandwich antenatally talk notwithstanding a powerful drawer. soft, average whistle
Poor horses 🐎!
Really? Horses give as shit? Doubt it. Bale a hay and a warm barn to have a rest in. Rest I peace, noble horse God gave to serve man.