What is Austronesian?
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- čas přidán 6. 06. 2024
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Timestamp
0:00 - Introduction
1:08 - What is a language family
1:36 - Number of Austronesian languages & speakers
1:54 - Linguistic geography of Austronesian languages
3:43 - Academic development of Austronesian studies
8:00 - Wilhelm Schmidt invents the term Austronesian
9:02 - Academic development of Austronesian studies
10:23 - Earliest attempts to find the Austronesian homeland
11:02 - Bellwood-Blust Hypothesis | Out of Taiwan Hypothesis first proposed
12:36 - Austronesian usage beyond a linguistic group
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Puti'on
Pim Limtiaco
Dylan Sablan
References
Bellwood, P., Fox, J. J., & Tyron, D. (2006). The Austronesians: historical and comparative perspectives. ANU Press.
Bellwood, P. (1984). A hypothesis for Austronesian origins. Asian Perspectives, 26(1), 107-117.
Blust, R. (1977). The Proto-Austronesian pronouns and Austronesian subgrouping: a preliminary report. Working Papers in Linguistics 9(2):1-15. Honolulu: Department of Linguistics, University of Hawaii.
Blust, R. (1984). The Austronesian homeland: a linguistic perspective. Asian Perspectives, 26(1), 45-67.
Blust, R. (2013). The austronesian languages. Asia-Pacific Linguistics, School of Culture, History and Language, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University.
Blust, R. (2019). The Austronesian homeland and dispersal. Annual Review of Linguistics, 5, 417-434.
Duggan, A. T., Evans, B., Friedlaender, F. R., Friedlaender, J. S., Koki, G., Merriwether, D. A., ... & Stoneking, M. (2014). Maternal history of Oceania from complete mtDNA genomes: contrasting ancient diversity with recent homogenization due to the Austronesian expansion. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 94(5), 721-733.
Forster, J. R. (1996). Observations made during a voyage round the world. University of Hawaii Press.
Friedlaender, J. S., Friedlaender, F. R., Reed, F. A., Kidd, K. K., Kidd, J. R., Chambers, G. K., ... & Weber, J. L. (2008). The genetic structure of Pacific Islanders. PLoS genetics, 4(1), e19.
Grant, A., & Sidwell, P. (2005). Chamic and beyond: studies in mainland Austronesian languages. Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University.
Kayser, M., Brauer, S., Cordaux, R., Casto, A., Lao, O., Zhivotovsky, L. A., ... & Stoneking, M. (2006). Melanesian and Asian origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y chromosome gradients across the Pacific. Molecular biology and evolution, 23(11), 2234-2244.
Kayser, M. (2010). The human genetic history of Oceania: near and remote views of dispersal. Current Biology, 20(4), R194-R201.
Murdock, G. P. (1964). Genetic classification of the Austronesian languages: a key to Oceanic culture history. Ethnology, 3(2), 117-126.
Ross, M. (1996). On the Origin of the Term" Malayo-Polynesian". Oceanic Linguistics, 35(1), 143-145.
Ross, M., Pawley, A., & Osmond, M. (1998). The lexicon of Proto Oceanic: The culture and environment of ancestral Oceanic society 1: Material culture.
Schmidt, W. (1906). Die Mon-Khmer-völker: ein bindeglied zwischen völkern Zentralasiens und Austronesiens. F. Vieweg und sohn.
Imagine our ancestors started from a few tribes in Southern China and Taiwan. Now we are 480 million strong
💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼💪🏼
Austronesian Peoples come from Taiwan (Formosa)
czcams.com/video/ihOQ18C3wl4/video.html
Formosa(Austronesian) peoples/China Chinese Peoples in Taiwan
Austronesians ≠ Southern China Chinese
czcams.com/video/DiyAGZM1uVk/video.html
Brings a tear to my eye. I hope we can achieve some kind of unity in the future to protect our beautiful Pacific Ocean
So amazing and beautuful ! ❤❤❤
Love my Austronesian Ancestor .! ❤❤❤
Austronesians di Taiwan
czcams.com/video/nxDI-JmZeLc/video.htmlsi=M7HX3dV0MwFTA-uZ
Forced out of Red China by the Han Chinese.. I see why ASEAN is so United and strong today 💪💪💪💪
15:15 this is a bit crazy but the three houses you showed are my neighbours houses on the east side of Samosir island, Lake Toba. I can even see their grandkids clothes hanging on the right side. Haha
Two of the houses are not even houses but rice granaries. There are some architectural distinctions in Batak Toba between the two. The clan that owns these houses just finished a new traditional house next to it, slightly larger with a much more elaborate and intricate carving (gorga).
Very interesting 🙏
Bruh anjir kwkwkwkwkwk
I have been to Samosir and my guide explained the meanings of rumah bolon. My favorite is how he said 3 families can live inside altogether and hear when someone is making babies hahaha plus how the higher end symbolizes a desire of the older gen for the younger gen to be more successful than them.
🇮🇩🙉🤢
When Afonso de Albuquerque conquered Malacca, the Portuguese recovered a chart from a Javanese maritime pilot, which already included part of the Americas. Regarding the chart Albuquerque said
...a large map of a Javanese pilot, containing the Cape of Good Hope, Portugal and the land of Brazil, the Red Sea and the Sea of Persia, the Clove Islands, the navigation of the Chinese and the Gores, with their rhumbs and direct routes followed by the ships, and the hinterland, and how the kingdoms border on each other. It seems to me. Sir, that this was the best thing I have ever seen, and Your Highness will be very pleased to see it; it had the names in Javanese writing, but I had with me a Javanese who could read and write. I send this piece to Your Highness, which Francisco Rodrigues traced from the other, in which Your Highness can truly see where the Chinese and Gores come from, and the course your ships must take to the Clove Islands, and where the gold mines lie, and the islands of Java and Banda, of nutmeg and mace, and the land of the King of Siam, and also the end of the land of the navigation of the Chinese, the direction it takes, and how they do not navigate farther.
- Letter of Albuquerque to King Manuel I of Portugal, 1 April 1512.
🎉🎉🎉
Malay ultra-nationalist has two ways to choose =
>> "Welp, Javanese is a Malay race tho... their greatness is ours too"
>> "REEEEEEEEEEEE, FCKING HINDUNESIA PROPAGANDA"
Yeah, after Melaka (1511), the Portuguese went to islands leading to the Spice islands, ie. parts of Indonesia now.
THIS NAMED SUNDAELAND
@@norzainimohd-zain1325 and, one of those island is my country Timor-Leste, situated between Australia and Indonesia. Portugal colonized for more than four centuries. They were primarily here for the sandalwood.
As a native speaker of an Austronesian language, it still blows my mind how all of us came from a relatively small island like Taiwan and how our words for "five" are almost similar from Madagascar to Hawaii. As for the stilt housing shown, those houses are in North Sumatra in Indonesia. I got to visit them. Oddly enough there are similar houses in the inlands of South Sulawesi and West Sumatra. In my country, way up north there are also similar-looking stilt housing. Perhaps the prevalence of pork in non-Muslim Austronesians is a good evidence of how interconnected we really are. As an Austronesian person, I commend you for this video!!
the theory of Taiwan rooted is only an estimation theory. could be totally something else.
still more plausible than everyting else originally came from here@@TheRULLY789
Teori out of taiwan berdasarkan diversifikasi bahasa suku asli taiwan.
Suku austronesia di Taiwan mewakili semua penyebaran di Nusantara, hawai, selandia baru, madagaskar.
Lebih pdhl suku di taiwan jumlah ny tdk lebih 10 jt, bandingkn dg suku2 di nusantara.
Perlu di kaji teori itu..
Out of Taiwan, out of Sundaland, out of Indonesia. They are all located in Southeast Asia anyway.@@TheRULLY789
@@TheRULLY789a Philippine genetic study from 2021 challenges this theory, claiming that populations from south China entered Taiwan and the Philippines 10,000-7,000 years ago in several waves of migration. It also shows that austronesians were the 4th or 5th people group to enter the Philippines,
Mom took ancestry test. She is Moluccan (East Indonesian islands on coast of West Papua). Genetic cousins were identified as people who shared dna and saw that there were matches to Lau in Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, New Zealand, and Hawaii. Def think linguistic connection has genetic component.
What service provider did you use?
My mum is from central province, PNG. Half of her DNA markers came back to Phillipines area/Polynesian
Polynesia
I see that the Lima Gang hasn't found this vid yet
Lol.
what the ...
@@werren894the number 5 is very consistent throughout the austronesian language family. Hence why lima gang is a bit of a meme to represent that.
@@ANTSEMUT1 i know it's funny lul
lol! That's hilarious
Congratulations on another excellent video! Your review of "Austronesian" offers a concise and insightful introduction to the terminology, geography, and various ways of learning about culture, history, and language related to Austronesian people. Keep up the good work!
Si Yu'os ma'ase' for the support and encouragement! Always really appreciate it!
Are you Austronesian too?@@pulanspeaks
🇮🇩🙉
ahaha
@@user-zd9cv6wc8h
"terminology"? you mean proprogating a western nomenclature. Colonizers can control communication but you cant change material reality. Your efforts to obscure the truth will be in vain.
Such a well informed and pleasant delivery. Thanks that was awesome.👌
When i learn bahasa indonesia in 80 , i didnt realise that the malay language is the root of bahasa indonesia..until i meet malay in sumatera and malaysia then i understand the connection malay language as lingua franca to south east asia region
if you tell this to indonesian they gonna be rage..to said malay language is a root for bahasa indonesia is like taboo to them..their obession of their nationality over true history is another level of ignorance..
@@musicziggurat24nope.., Indonesian even officially by government recognize Malay as root of the language.
@@musicziggurat24Stupid comment, Indonesia states that Indonesian has roots from Riau Malay..Just like ENGLISH also comes from WEST GERMANIC LANGUAGE. Germans never make a fuss about the origins of the English language. The Indonesian language originates from Sumatra, the Indonesian region, where the largest kingdom, Srivijaya, was the center of civilization, the ancient Malay language being the lingua franca. It's ridiculous that Malaya always makes a fuss about the origins of the Indonesian language. For example, Germany accepts English as it is growing more rapidly. English, Dutch roots from German, after being established named after each country.
@@musicziggurat24 mostly Indonesian rage because Malaysia claims Indonesian cultures, like even recently Malaysian used our national song and changed the lyrics only for kids songs, which is very disrespectful and you talk about "high levels of ignorance"? Like, are you kidding?
Even I myself as an Indonesian, never heard that Indonesian rage because heard that our language root is from Malay language
@@souma1849 this is what I call ignorance. if you know history you will not call Malaysian steal other culture since during ancient time people use to migrate and try to preserve their own culture. There is no malaysia or indonesia at that time..and now their children want to use their own culture that their inherited from their forefather in different place and you called them as thief? about your national song..did your ever investigate the source or just take from your bias media? come on please open your corrupt mind and do research a little bit..even as malaysia we never heard about the song and u blame whole malaysian because one pest who created the song? meh
Great video as always! Biba!
Thank you very much!
Thanks for the lesson!
Thank you for the great video!
My wife is a Higaonon tribeswoman from Northern Mindanao, Philippines. Her mother tongues are Higaonon Binukid and Mindanao Cebuano ("Bisaya"). She also speaks Tagalog ("Filipino"), Hiligaynon and Boholano. Our home is in Cagayan de Oro City. "Cagayan" derives from Old Malay, where "kag" meant "water", "kagay" meant "river" and the suffix "-an" denoted "place". So "Kagayan" is "a place with a river". Very well named as the Cagayan de Oro River runs straight up the middle of the city. I'm Australian, and a native speaker of English, but have learned to speak Bisaya and some Tagalog and Binukid. All the languages that my wife speaks, as well as many more in the Philippines, are actually distinct languages, not dialects as some people still say. While they have words in common, they are not mutually intelligible. The further south you go in the Philippines, the more words are shared with Bahasa Indonesia.
You are right! Cagayan is indeed kagay or river. Im from Cagayan province of northern Luzon. Im native ybanag from the word "bannag" river . We are river people from the longest river in the Philippines the Cagayan river
Our native language also shares similarities with bahasa Indonesia. Indonesians and Malaysians came here with boats called "balangay" hence sub divisions of a town is called barangay
@@troyridesph872 Tinuod na! That's right! There is just a small consonant shift between the two words. It's much the same as how in Mindanao Cebuano we say "bulan" for "moon" and "pahulay" for "rest", while in Cebu the words are "buwan" and "pahuway". Out of interest I have learned a bit of Tausug. Tausug words like "dayang" ("darling", "beloved") and "kasih" ("love") and 'lasa" ("sympathy", "affection") would be familiar to speakers of Bahasa Indonesia and Malay. The word "suwara" ("message", "saying") is another one. I would say the main difference between Tagalog and Bisaya, and Malay and Indonesian, comes down to the influx of words from Spanish as a result of the Spanish Colonial times in the Philippines.
The word kagay or kag does not derive from old malay. You can also search for the other various terms related to that like kalayan, karayan, kayayan or kahayan etc.
@@troyridesph872 indognesians are the shortest people in the world
Filipino and Malaysians are more similar
I love your channel!!!! Can you please consider talking about Micronesia in the 1900s? I am especially interested in 1920-1960 and I can’t find content as good as yours.
Wow Thank you! I absolutely will consider it, especially since I'm from the region.
@@pulanspeaks I am writing about the French-Japanese artist Paul Jacoulet and he entered Micronesia as a cultural recorder after colonialism but before the modern day (1930s).
He adored the people and cultures, and among his best work were the prints from Palao, Saipan, Yap, Chuuk, etc.
I would love to get there, but distance and cash. (I am in Canada.) And you have a very informative and perceptive series of videos.
Very impormative❤
Really enjoy your content, Pulan! I was wondering if you'd do a video specializing specifically on Fijian people exploring why and how Fijian culture is similar to Polynesian culture and whether this was always the case from the beginning, or only because the Bauan dialect, the dominant dialect in Fiji, had polynesian influence in it. My understanding is that Fiji had many different tribes with different customs, dialects, physical characteristics, and way of life. I'd love to see a video that really dives deep into Fijian culture and perhaps the link with the Lapita migration.
Awesome scholarship perfectly presented!
When the ancient Egyptians and Sumerians were busy building tall buildings, the proto-Austronesian people were enjoying their journey exploring the oceans, now I know that my ancestors were more powerful in 4500 BC and were able to sail the vast seas.
Great Video! I like your subjects
Thank you! I appreciate that!
very good info.. keep it up...
Love all your videos! Learn something new each time 🙏
Glad you like them!
3:10 Proto-Malayic (the ancestor of Malay and related varieties) was most likely spoken in western Borneo prior to their expansion to Sumatra, and later on, to the Peninsula. The term "Malayu" itself used to refer to a region/polity that existed in what is now lowland Jambi in eastern Sumatra.
That's exactly correct. "Melayu" is a word referring to citizen of Melayu Kingdom. Like "Roman" citizens of "Rome".
It's an interesting hypothesis. I am curious how you came to this conclusion or from whom you got this information because in 2003 (20 years ago) a linguist researching in Indonesia told me about this.
@@freddykalidjernih1131 That Malayic originated in Borneo is a pretty common knowledge among specialists in the region, I'd say. The most recent work re: this urheimat issue seems to be Alexander Smith's 2017 dissertation on the languages of Borneo.
see also the original Proto-Malayic monograph by Sander Adelaar as well as his 2004 paper "Where does Malay came from?"
Malay language came from the motherland which is SUMATRA ISLAND not borneo😅😅😅
Thank you PulanSpeaks for this succinct description. I've studied Filipino and Indonesian but didn't know exactly what "Austronesian" means.
The Origins of the Austronesians
czcams.com/video/FqMTmeHF05c/video.htmlsi=19MVapQi1cHQ3NaI
Great video
Great video, well done. Thanks, Weird Al!
Taiwan is the origin of Austronesian peoples. But the saddest thing is no one sees Austronesian Taiwan nowadays. People only see "Chinese Taiwan" because the fact is still the government in Taiwan is the Republic of China 🇹🇼, and the majority is Han Chinese who are very keen to call themselves more native than the indigenous. You might see the recent gov made all the local languages including the Indigenous Taiwanese languages as national languages. But they are only boosh tbh. We are still forced to use Chinese everywhere including changing your name into Indigenous name. The gov only regard your Chinese transliteration as the real name instead of the romanised spellings.
True. Mainland China is the original homeland of the Austronesians before the Han Chinese wiped them out..
Taiwanesse aborigin similiar like dayak tribe in borneo island
@@paulfri1569Those were the Austro-Tais. Austronesians did not develop until their arrival to Taiwan.
@@haruzanfuucha I see,🤔
This is true. The people in ROC calling themselves "Taiwanese" nowadays are the worst cultural appropriators. They are all of Han Chinese decent and their ancestors pushed out the Taiwan aboriginals from the luscious plains into the mountains and have the galls to call them the "Mountain People". (Similar to how the Americans killed off most the 19 million Native Americans to take their lands, but at least they don't claim to be natives)
lovely video
Wow, I have a lot to learn!
Filipino languages such as Tagalog, Cebuano and Chavacano are probably the most latinised Austronesian languages since they use so much Spanish loaned vocabularies.
Kinda like how English is the most latinised Germanic language and French is the most germanised Romance language.
Pinoy /Pinay true Family
Taiwanese indigenous peoples（Ancestry Filipinos）≠ Latins and Anglo-Saxons😅
Austronesian Taiwanese = Austronesian Filipinos
czcams.com/video/nxDI-JmZeLc/video.htmlsi=bEuytx-VcBdHsg-d
What about Tetum and Chamorro?
🎉🎉🎉
Nobody cares
Chavacano is a Spanish creole, not an Austronesian language
In Maguindanao( province from Bangsamoro region located at south-central mindanao), "Lima" could either be "Hands" or "Number 5". Its maybe because hand has 5 fingers on one side.😅
I'm from Taiwan. I appreciate the clarity and information of this video. It's without doubt one of the Austronesian-related videos that I enjoy the most. Regarding the part of "Usage Beyond a Linguistic Group," I would love to hear more from you or discuss it with you. To me, in terms of language, the Out of Taiwan Model is convincing; genetically, it is not at all. For two reasons.
First, in the context of the prehistoric peopling of Island Southeast Asia, it's important to note that Taiwan was not among the first lands to be visited. Modern humans entered into Island SEA at least 65,000 B.P., whereas the earliest human activities found in Taiwan date back only to 30,000 B.P. Not to mention the prehistoric Tapenkeng Culture of Taiwan, which was believed related to the emergence of the Proto-Austronesian language, was dated 7,000 to 4,700 B.P.
Second, during the very beginning phase when the Austronesian language began to expand from Taiwan, its one-way language expansion did NOT necessarily mean one-way human expansion - considering that there were already prehistoric peoples spreading and settling throughout Island SEA. Instead, it is more plausible that population movements were two-way. As Andrew Crowe points out, "In reality, populations and customs rarely move as a single package over such enormous time scales." So do languages.
Therefore, genetic-wise, it's more rigorous to broaden the ancestral homeland of - I hereby emphasize - "some" Austronesian speakers to a region of islands, including Taiwan, rather than limiting it to the island of Taiwan.
im actually grateful about taiwan, on of my ancestor's home country. I'm from tonga, but man im so sick of being known as "polynesian". It just doesn't feel right, nor does it suit my ancestry's origin.
This is interesting information. Are the dates of 65,000 B.P. and 30,000 B.P. based on archeological evidence? The major reason for citing Taiwan as the origin of Austronesian languages is the density languages/ dialects of Austronesian spoken there. I doubt any good linguist would quarrel with your assertion that Austronesian also developed in part from other places which were in contact with the Taiwan Proto-cultures. Of course, it's quite possible that the first emigrants to far islands spoke different languages and developed different languages (different from Austronesian) but these languages were then taken over by Austronesian languages and died out.
I'll have to do some research on that Tapenkeng Culture.
Genetic wise, no one gives a shit about where you think you are from and what history classes you took. The beauty of genetics is that it has no bullshit in it. Filipinos are close genetically to the Dai people as well as Malays and Indonesians. You can continue reaching 50,000 years ago, but it seems like majority of Austronesian DNA is very recent.
Also what a typical Taiwanese mate. I can tell you are one of those people that try to downplay East Asian history.
English : Five
Indonesian/Malay: Lima
Tagalog : Limá
Hawaiian : ‘E-lima
Samoan : Lima
Māori : Rima
Fijian : Lima
Tongan : Nima
Taiwan Formosan language
czcams.com/video/lLjp6CIQ7ZU/video.htmlsi=-I8XeqyRU1OQyYET
This proves nothing 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
There was a conference for austronesia speakers at my uni, i was lucky enough to be part of it (i was a student, my dialectology/sociolinguistics prof asked me to). Until this day i am pretty intimidated by how wide it was for austronesian, even madagascar is one of it
I love this topic but i only do research on linguistic when i was in university.❤
Do you plan on making the definitive and comprehensive documentary of the Chamoru people?
Formosan here,
Hi Cousins!
Hi
I speak 2 Austronesian languages: Indonesian and Javanese (not japanese). Most of us are bilingual, Indonesian and our local languages.
and a lot of us are trilingual ---> we also speak English which consider as foreign language.
Cheap knock off of philippines
What do you mean? When it comes to diversity like number of local languages, Indonesia is by far much richer and more diverse than The Philippines, 700 vs 180 No competition at all.
@@Psycho-th8vb I believe you're not Filipino, We Indonesian and Filipino know we are different and yet similiar, we are have our unique culture and Etnicity that different from each other. "Knockoff" is weird word, please educated yourself open your mind filled your brain with knowledge instead of hate.
@@afaridpirmansyah7867 yes Filipinos are Austronesians mixed Chinese, Spanish and American
While Indonesians are short, dark, native muslims
We are indeed different. I'm amaze you're the first indonesian I've seen that have an intellect
The out of Taiwan theory is I think the correct one since it’s evident that the the original Austronesian language structure is preserved in Taiwan and Philippine languages and has become more diffused as it stretched out in the region.
Taiwan Formosan language
czcams.com/video/nxDI-JmZeLc/video.htmlsi=PBTCmlixAV4AG5Vs
Are there any study on the connection of languages and cultures of Taiwan, Northern Philippines, the people of Nagaland in India, People of Northern Lao, Northern Vietnam, Bai Yue of Southern China the to the rest of Austronesia? The geographic area I mentioned seemed to have similarities in terms of culture, hence maybe it has a connection to the rest of Austronesia. Ancient people North Vietnam people and the defunct Bai Yue of China were known to as expert seamen and navigators.
Austronesian Peoples ≠ Baiyue Peoples
Baiyue( Sinosphere) = (South China Han /She/Li /Miao Ethnic Chinese（Nanman） )/Vietnamese Peoples
Austronesian = Formosa(Taiwanese indigenous peoples)/Filipinos/Malays/Indonesians Native Peoples
Yes. It's called the Austric hypothesis, which posits that the original peoples of southern China and mainland Southeast Asia are descendants of a common group. That includes Austronesians, Kra-Dai (Tai-Kadai), Austroasiatic (Mon-Khmer), and Hmong-Mien (Miao-Yiao). All of these groups were displaced during the Han Expansion of the Sinitic peoples from up north, and were the ones referred to in Chinese records as the "Baiyue" or simply, the "Yue".
Austronesian and Kra-Dai (modern Thais, etc.) are most likely sister groups, descendants of pre-Austronesians from the lower Yangtze, the Min River Basin, the Pearl River Basin, and Taiwan. They likely had extensive Neolithic contacts with the Hmong-Mien who formerly inhabited the upper Yangtze and much of the interiors of central China. The first domesticators of rice is a toss-up between these two groups. In turn, both likely also had extensive contact with the Austroasiatic groups (modern Vietnamese and Khmer, etc.) in the Mekong River basin and the Red River basin.
Linguistically, it's difficult to establish relationships. But culturally, it's likely that they are distantly related or at least had extensive contact during the Paleolithic and early Neolithic. They have remarkably similar characteristics distinct from the more northern Tibeto-Sinitic groups; like the aforementioned rice farming and paddy-field technology, the same domesticates (chickens, ducks, pigs, dogs, water buffaloes), tattooing, teeth-blackening, stilt houses, similar long dugout paddled canoes (which were acquired by the Han Chinese and entered western consciousness as "dragonboats"), similar shamanic beliefs (particularly in water-based snake or sea serpent spirits vs. the chimeric Chinese dragons which had legs and were associated with mountains), similar art and designs (particularly in pottery and weaving), similar clothing (the wrap-around lower garments, pants, jackets, and head coverings; the early use of bark clothing; especially in contrast with Sino-Tibetan robe-like clothing), leaf-wrapped dishes, etc.
The problem is that again, most of these groups don't live in their original homelands anymore because of the Sinitic expansions (from around 2000 BC to 200 AD). The Hmong-Mien were especially affected, being driven almost to extinction. The Kra-Dai survived by moving westwards to modern Thailand, Guangxi, and Yunnan. The Austroasiatic groups in Guangxi and Guangdong were mostly assimilated (the Cantonese people probably has an Austroasiatic substratum). The Vietnamese were even partially assimilated for 1000 years before breaking free. The mainland pre-Austronesians probably met a similar fate (many of the Min groups likely have a faint "Minyue" substratum, who were pre-Austronesian, which explains why these groups tend to be seafaring). Austronesians in Taiwan survived because of isolation.
really unrelated, searching in vain, please search in Taiwan island, 🤣🥱🥱
Very good command of a bibliography that I'm sure is no that easy to resume and explain in a single video. I wish I could do that with my discipline.
Thank you for noticing about the bibliography! It was indeed not easy to try to synthesize all the information into a single video and the early draft was approaching 40 minutes. Had to cut a lot out to make it more concise. Thanks for watching.
Saina ma'ase! I learned so much.
Saina Ma'ase = Terima Kasih?
@@dimulaidari3714 I don't know what Terima Kashi is. Saina Ma'ase is thank you in Chamoru.
@@vinnyprell7302 "Terima Kasih"is Malay Word for Thank You.
Finally, a video about my people. (I'm Malay btw).
As a Visayan/Cebuano living in The Netherlands for 15 years, I noticed the same grammar adverbs for past participle verbs. Gikaon-Gegeten. Gilakaw/Gelopen. Gisulti/Gesproken... etc etc
There are many people of Autonesian descent in the Netherlands, especially people from Indonesia
I am not interested in geography but instead i am interested in computer and technology. To see future i need to see the past. I glad to see my ancestor has great history. And knowing my culture, Java (not programming languange, but but 'jawa' culture, most majority people in Indonesia), is being part of big family of Austronesia.
Java lang
Cool! This is the word I forgot for a long long time. So when someone ask my ethnicity, I can answer: "I'm Indonesian, so I'm Austronesian".
Very interesting! I just wondered why Papua New Guinea is outside of Austronesia but inside of Melanesia? Melanesia is half in Austronesia and half out of it. That would be an interesting topic to discuss!
thing is they've inhabited south east asia for quiet a long time as they got out of east eurasia
Hello sir! do you have a book or related documents?
Interesting video easy example are the vowel changes in some words between Tagalog to Malaysian and Indonesian api🇲🇾 =apoy🇵🇭. The rules here if it's an I ending in Malaysian and Indonesian you end up turning it into oy in Tagalog language. Which would explain why Filipinos should be able to pick-up some Malay/ Indonesian words in the written form Mutual intelligibility
The original ending is *-uy in Proto-Austronesian, e.g. *Sapuy for fire, Malayic monophthongized it to -i while many Philippine langs lowered it to -oy.
🇵🇭🇲🇾real brothers💪🔥
Apoy itu bahasa Majapahit bahasa madura Apoy pamasok
Despite austronesian culture & language dominates south east asian archipelago, their mon-khmer ancestor presence still stong in their DnA. Most Indonesian-Malaysian who did DNA test have strong percentage of Mon-Khmer DNA.
Do one video for the Nakanai people of New Britain Island in Papua New Guinea. They do also speak Austronesian language. i did abit of research on them, and it was believed there was a backward migration from the central pacific ocean back to new britain where they settled permanently. their life and way of doing things are all exactly similar to indigenous people of Fiji and move with them garden crops especially taro species exactly similar to the one planted in Fiji.
Pulan provided a map that shows that new britain is indeed within the shaded regions of the austronesian speaking areas. if you look closely you will see that kuanua is an austronesian language. the tolai migration to the peninsula is very interesting and may be distinct to the rest of niu gini's ppl
The stronger Papuan admixture in Island Melanesia is a result of a much more recent (post 700 AD) influx of Papuan migrations.
The Lapita people didn't really interact much with Papuans. Like other Austronesians throughout much of the Austronesian expansion, they avoided settling populated lands and assimilated neighboring peoples slowly through acculturation.
So the ancestral Lapita had higher percentages of Austronesian genes (70% to 80%), which is what we see in Polynesians who left Fiji at around 700 AD.
The Lapita who remained in Island Melanesia intermarried more and more with Papuans, who by then, had also acquired seafaring technology from Austronesians by proximity. They also started settling coastal New Guinea. It's the reason why Island Melanesians look more Papuan, with darker skin and curlier hair, in comparison to other Lapita descendants like Polynesians and eastern Micronesians.
Modern Island Melanesians are genetically more Papuan (only around 30% Austronesian on average), but in terms of language and culture, they remain predominantly Austronesian.
excellent overview im descended from the first european born in new caledonia & to speak kanak pre colonisation, 170 years later we are still obsessed with austronesian culture! Worlds no 1 culture austronesia! x
I don't know what my ancestors used to have problems with their neighbors in Taiwan, what is clear is that they chose to sail away and now I live here knowing that my cousins are on thousands of other islands in the Pacific.
Its a trip it go all the way to Madagascar. I only just recently learned that the population there is pretty much Blasian. Its bugged out and very interesting to me because there isnt a huge chain of islands between Madagascar and the rest of oceana. Just a huge wide open gap. Pretty cool. Makes you wonder if any settled on mainland Africa also.
The austronesians went to Madagascar because they traded with east africa. It's done during the Sri Vijaya kingdom in today's Indonesia.
@@nurprimahidayah4620Most of the austronesians who were brought to the Madagascar were central Bornean that spoke the Barito languages chiefly the Ma'anyan people, either they were defeated tribe and enslaved, or they were searching for new colony.
@@motorola9956I think Hawaiian is far older than the European in America
@@multatuli1 Hawaiians is older in what term? You mean Austronesian/Polynesians settled in Hawaii earlier than the arrival of the Europeans to the Americas? Then yes.
@@motorola9956 there's 1 historian who also said that the migration of southern island people to Madagascar caused the decline of the great Roman and Persian empires. You know, because mainly southern people eat rice, you need abundant water to cultivate rice, thus making it a perfect breeding ground for mosquitos. So malaria. That was before the Arabs defeated both of them.
Read Eden in the east by stephan Oppenheimer ;) WE also need to follow Mythos, Legends, For example did you know that Hainuwele Goddes from the Mollucas island is Archaix on par with Sumerian and even considered older :)
That map is missing koiwai (in Adi islands and Kaimana coast); there r in fact a couple of austronesian language in bomberay peninsula.
Interesting to not as well there is plenty of folk story they have early contacts/ even ancestors from Java.
Anybody in the field who knows please correct me if I am wrong but does (Robert) Blust not rhyme with "dust"? In this video he seems to pronounce Blust as if it rhymes with "juiced". I am asking because I am a current graduate student working on Austronesian studies and I would hate to constantly mispronounce one of the most important names in the field wrong over and over again.
I'm Native Hawaiian, little more than 75% of my blood is solely Hawaiian and growing up I heard both polynesian and austronesian being used in the vein and often wondered about the words, if they meant the same thing and was used in different times or both were interchangeable. Honestly I believe my people barely make into the minds of my fellow countrymen that I highly doubt it even matters anymore despite how long we've been attached to one another. Here's a little factoid for anybody who comes acroos this both Hawaii born missionary settlers and Native Hawaiians fought on both sides of the civil war in America.
0:56 weird thay you dont include papua and australia since australian natives aborigin is part of austronesian and they had similar physical characteristic with timorese in sundaland region which you include it as austronesian...beyond that its useful and important educational video. Thank you for the video.
Timorese speak austronesian languages. Papuans and Australians have their own language family.
Because papua and australian aborigin are not austronesian. People in timor have some similar physical characteristic because they have interacted and crossbreeded with the native papuan and australian
They dont speak austronesian language, practice austronesian culture and art, or have similar genetics to the majority of austronesian people
@@nurprimahidayah4620 not to get into semantical arguments but for example, all Papua New Guineans will claim to be Papuans. But Papua New Guinea is a big island, and most coastal communities speak Austronesian languages. The Lingua franca, in PNG is Motu: an Austronesian language.
Austronesian language history
*Yangtze riverm China O1a M-119 DNA paternal - Fujian South China- Taiwan Proto Austronesian Language - Philippines archipelago/ C1b2a(Negritos)- MalayoPolynesian Branch (Austronesian O1a and Negrito C1b2a people intermix and created the MalayoPolynesian Branch of Austronesian language- Borneo-Sumatra- Modern Malaysia mainland - and spreads
"You just made that word up."
-Soldier Boy
Biological and linguistic heritage are always in line, for the exception when the two are borrowing each other's codes. So the dark skinned, fuzzy haired melanesian would by no means share the same language ancestry with the light brown skinned, straight haired Indonesian, Malaysian, The Philipinnes ethnic groups.
Fujian, China also has aboriginal groups that are genetically linked to aboriginal Taiwanese which was not included in these maps.
China Austronesians??
China Austronesian speaker?? 😅
Taiwan Austronesians ≠ China Ethnic Chinese
Austronesian Taiwanese vs Military of the Qing dynasty China (Chinese Colonialism）
czcams.com/video/FbXW0uW4Ozc/video.htmlsi=XmLONB3MrkhoAEzS
Correct, I read somewhere that some of them were pushed out of Fujian and into Taiwan?
Source?
🇮🇩🇮🇩🇮🇩🇮🇩🇮🇩
13:31 It would even be, somewhat counterintuitively, hard to distinguish some Javanese with some others. Even among an ethnic group, genetic variations could be quite significant.
Not all Indonesians are Austronesian from the Malayo-Polynesian family, for example, I myself am a Javanese, genetically I am an Austroasiatic people which means South Asian and our language is Indian Sanskrit, and Javanese are not Asian. You can see our physical characteristics are black. dark big eyed Chinese people even call us dwarf black Asians because we don't have Asian features
lovely people culture and languages.
Did Chamorro people come from Philippines or Indonesia? I'm inclined to believe the Philippines because of the use of the "um" and "in", but there are words in Indonesian that are more similar to Chamorro than it is in Filipino. Or maybe Chamorros came from a mix of the two?
Probably both honestly.
Austronesian Peoples come from Taiwan (Formosa)
The Origins of the Austronesians
czcams.com/video/ihOQ18C3wl4/video.html
Taiwan Formosan Languages
czcams.com/video/rqrfks0u8GI/video.html
Formosa(Austronesian) peoples/China Chinese Peoples in Taiwan
czcams.com/video/DiyAGZM1uVk/video.html
probably from Philippines.. there was story people in Guam told Magellan crew how to reach in Philippines Islands.
Mix melayu Bangladesh (Malaysia) 2020
I have a genuine question that I would like answered: Why is Australia and New Guinea not part of the Austronesia groupings, people and area, since its a shared geography, space and place, how come it is bypassed?
Good question. If you look closely at the map that I made, only parts of New Guinea [mainly coastal areas and bird head's area] are considered part of the Austronesian world as indicated by the shading and that is because the indigenous people there speak Austronesian languages. In most of New Guinea as well as the entirety of Australia, the people don't speak Austronesian languages and therefore are not considered Austronesian. Hope this helps.
Subbed
A 2023 study showed Samoans and Tongans score the highest DNA haplogroup linkage to mainland China 🇨🇳 and the Māori are more closely related to aboriginal Australians and Indonesians.
China Austronesians?? 😅
The Origins of the Austronesians
czcams.com/video/ihOQ18C3wl4/video.html
Austronesian Taiwanese
czcams.com/video/nxDI-JmZeLc/video.htmlsi=upy9raNj4eP5r4uH
Maori are mixed with Melenesians.
I'm filipina and proud austronesian 😳♥️💯
Tumigil ka! Nakakahiya ka! Huwag mo na ipagsigawan, walang may pakialam sa iyo!
But are you a proud Asian 🤔
@@chewy6487 Austronesians are Asians bro so it means i'm proud Asian too lol
@@MyParentsBiggestMistakeAustronesians are not Asian. We are our own race actually.
@@potatoeskimos but we live in asia right?
Why sang a song "Just someboy I used to know" and gone missing?
The History of the Great Far East Asian lands are now only beginning to get recognized. I remember reading about the "Menang Kabaw Sumatra" during my grade school years in the Philippines and their connections to the muslim tribes of the south.
The exploration of the Spanish king in the 1500s has destroyed the written and oral accounts of the pre colonial kingdoms in the Philippines.
Even the Family heirloom we have in the vaults of the bank is made of 36 Karat gold and has precious sapphires and emeralds which is a chain of belts and necklaces that we believed to have been a gift from a rich trader of brunei who came to the philippines in the 1300s. The archeologists couldn't figure out its origins because too much history has yet to be unravelled. And it is very very difficult.
I've got a genuine question here, and I want to clarify that I'm not trying to offend or be insensitive in any way. I'm really intrigued by the fact that Austronesians never seem to have colonized Papua and Australia. It's puzzling to me because we know that native Australians and Papuans have been isolated for over 50,000 years, similar to Native Americans, which would theoretically make them susceptible to diseases from Asia if the Austronesians settled there. This could have made it easier for Austronesians to colonize these lands. Moreover, due to their isolation, the native populations in Australia and Papua did not have access to many of the technologies that Austronesians had through trade with Asia and their own innovations.
also, Austronesians didn't just focus on small islands; they successfully colonized Madagascar and New Zealand so I don't see how the fact that Australia and Papua are huge has anything to do with that. I tried searching for an answer to this question online, but I couldn't find a satisfying explanation. That's why I'm asking here. Please understand that I'm genuinely curious and basing this on assumptions about how human history often unfolds when more advanced cultures interact with others.
Some Austronesians were actually not immune to Eurasian diseases like the Polynesians and even Guam. The Hawaiians and the Maori both suffered population collapse after contact with the Europeans. The Austronesians did settle in Papua but only on the coastal regions. I heard that the terrain there is quite difficult to pass through. And as for Australia, it might have something to do with the desert climate. And New Zealand and maybe Madagascar were uninhabited when Austronesians settled there.
How did Africa jump over mexico / brazil?
@@AhmadAfif-sl8tc Bantu Africans were never seafarers, austronesian people reached Madagascar before Africans. Also the distance from Indonesia to Australia is mere kilometers while Africa and south America are oceans apart? We are talking about a culture here that goes from Africa to north America while somehow missed the huge landmass in the middle of their range.
@@JcDizon I find it intriguing that despite Northern Australia's geographical and climatic proximity to Indonesian islands, Austronesian people may not have settled there specifically. It's possible that the strong presence of native Australians played a role in this. Austronesian arrivals often came in smaller numbers, typically just a few boats, and lacked a unified centralized national identity or empires, which may have made a coordinated "invasion" and colonization of inhabited lands very hard. This is contrasted with European colonization, where larger numbers meant that even if one ship was repelled, the centralized powers would send 1000 more, making any native resistance almost impossible.
(This is from what I understand from extra research I did after this comment)
Have you ever heard of Sulawesi people sailing to sea cucumbers in northern Darwin?. The Javanese were also masters of the seas, they ship called "Jung" these ships controlled important trade routes in southeast Asia Before Europeans came.. They also sailed to southern Australia Which was recorded by Europeans. They used Jung to trade and go to the war, even they defeating the Mongols. When the Javanese and Portuguese fought in the Strait of Malacca, the Javanese ships were much larger than the Portuguese has,The Portuguese even found a map of the Andalusian peninsula on Javanese maps.
In my opinion, why the "Austronesians" didn't colonize Australia was because they had enough of the fertile natural resources where they lived (southeast Asia), They only sailed to Australia just to trade and barter with the native people. I don't agree if Australia is said to be an isolated place for thousands of years, because before Europeans, we Austronesians had contact with indigenous Australians. Not for colonization like Europeans, but for equal and profitable trade. It's a shame that when Europeans came to Australia, Austronesians were prohibited from sailing there. Hundreds of years of colonization and finally the Jungian shipping traditions of my ancestors were lost.
Speaking of traditional austronesian speakers not having any or very little austronesia admixture. Some tribes in Borneo particularly in the southwest have almost none. Or the Utsul/Hainan Cham have almost none.
Thanks for the information!
Cham people in the former Champa kingdom area also have very little Austronesian components since they're assimilated Mon-Khmer people. Kra-Dai people might also be sibling group of Austronesian or even Austronesian themselves, although the Hlai from Hainan, Zhuang and Dai from South China, Thai, Lao and Shan people have some sizable Austronesian components related to the Filipino and some Southeast Taiwanese aborigines. The Kra, Buyang, Dong and Sui people have very high Austronesian components though.
Austronesian Peoples come from Taiwan (Formosa)
czcams.com/video/ihOQ18C3wl4/video.html
Formosa(Austronesian) peoples/China Chinese Peoples in Taiwan
czcams.com/video/DiyAGZM1uVk/video.html
@@SuryanChandra the interesting thing about the aforementioned tribes in Borneo is that they are surrounded by austronesian groups that have like
@@ANTSEMUT1It’s because there was a Chinese enclave there once. I forgot the name😅.
very nice and interesting, your left hand spin is kinda distracting though
let's compare your language with mine!
i speak javanese (ngapak dialect)
father - Rama/Bapak
mother - Rena/Ibu
1 - siji
2 - lara
3 - telu
4 - papat
5 - lima
6 - enem
7 - pitu
8 - walu
9 - sanga
10 - sepuluh
rungu or krungu - to hear/to be heard
langit - sky
watu - stone
kambing - goat
manuk - bird
Taiwan Formosan languages very similar
czcams.com/video/VsIE_Ri3wxs/video.htmlsi=9H5aViKow_IeDjP6
Austronesians di Taiwan
czcams.com/video/nxDI-JmZeLc/video.htmlsi=M7HX3dV0MwFTA-uZ
Manuk bahasa Melayu Sarawak tu ayam
*2 = loro
*8 = Wolu
@@irfanmaulana8404
logat ngapak beda, kaka
Lima gang, where you at?
Ocean language sounds cool. We are people of the islands, where the deadly volcanoes meet the ocean.
What is lima???
Edukasi yang baik..Salam dari indonesia 🇮🇩👏
naratornya kayaknya Tranz deh ...
@@ayi3455tranz??😂
@@sherlyxyuna2779
dengerin aja gaya ngomongnya ..
@@ayi3455 bang...apa hubungannya? Random bet jir
ASEAN should include the Pacific islands and have Indonesia as the heart of it ..
that's why indonesian,filipino,malaysian,guam looks like twin. Kalo di asia tenggara filipina,indonesia dan malaysia seperti kakak dan adik
The majority of Indonesia's population, 45% of whom are Javanese, are Austroasiatic people, Asian people who have black skin, dwarf bodies, the Austroasiatic race is an australoid race that evolved, they came from South Asia, which is now called India, so Austroasiatic people are often not considered. Asia because its characteristics tend to be more similar to Australoid. than Asians
@@_MUHAMMAD__SAW__the majority of Indonesia are Javanese which are Austronesian, not Austroasiatic. And both Austronesian and Austroasiatic are part of mongoloid race, not australoid. You know nothing.
Def hear it a lot in Taiwan
Yeah no shit because that's what Taiwan was for thousands of years in history. The new ethnic Chinese transplants are very recent. Taiwanese have no history.
At this point, all austronesian speakers phenotypes are because of the region and the people who colonised/traded with them.
The Mekong-Irrawaddy river is believed to be the ancestral homeland of the Austronesian especially for Deuteuro Malay. The region's name is Yunan/Yona (Irrawaddy-Mekong river). It's the second ancestral home after the fall of the Saka dynasty in India. Yups... Kali Serayu region, the birthplace of Aji Saka/Ajivaka (our unifying figure from Bumi Majeti/Jambudwipa)...
Saka-Yavana/Sunda-Java, and Malaya-Kamboja-Champa/Malay tribes are the major ethnic groups in the Greater Sunda Islands/Nusantara/Archipelago...
Because of the Champa-Dai Viet war (14th century), the people of Champa left the Mekong-Irrawaddy river (Indochina) and moved to Aceh province in Indonesia...
Taiwan theory exists to accommodate Vietnamese migration theory from mainland China (Baiyue, Nanyue)... That's why, Yunan theory is still taught in Indonesia (elementary school)... Out of Taiwan theory is not taught in Indonesia...
And about migration to Madagascar, it happened during admiral Mpu Nala era (Majapahit Empire)... Yups Jung/Djong ship... To secure trade with African nations at that time...
Our ancestors left the Irrawaddy-Mekong river for several reasons:
1. frequent flooding
2. war with the Khmer
3. lost the war against the Dai Viet (genocide in the 14th century)
The first wave was during the spread of the Proto-Malays, followed by the Deuteuro-Malays, and finally the migration of the Champa people in the 14th century to Sumatra (Dai Viet-Champa war)...
This is understandable. If you lose the war, you must be prepared to move out of your place of birth, experience genocide, or experience assimilation with the nation that won the war. Just like the Moor in Andalusia and the fall of the Saka dynasty in India.
That's why in India, the use of the Saka calendar is not as massive as in Indonesia, especially on the islands of Java and Bali, even though it originates from the Siwa-Buddha era...
This is one of the fundamental differences... In India, you will not find the story of Aji Saka/Ajivaka (the ancestors of the Sundanese and Java) from Kali Serayu/Bumi Majeti. This is all because of the massive migration...
It is the same with the story of the migration of the Kalingga people from India to Central Java during the Muria-Keling (Maurya-Kalingga) war... Furthermore, with the local people (Sundanese-Javanese/Saka-Yavana) they (refugees from Kalingga) built the Medang Keling kingdom in Central Java...
Then in the development of hundreds of years later, this kingdom turned into the Islamic Mataram kingdom (the largest Islamic sultanate in Southeast Asia)... From Tarumanagara (Sunda-Galuh), Medang Kalingga, Medang Mataram, Singasari, Majapahit, Demak Sultanate, Pajang Sultanate, Mataram Sultanate, present day Indonesia...
Try to check about Nyepi Day (Saka New Year celebration). There is no such celebration in India as there is in Indonesia (Bali).
And try to check the history of why Nalanda University was abandoned by Southeast Asians. This was because of the Sriwijaya-Cholamandala war. Causing the royal relations in Indonesia with Nepal and Tibet to break up for hundreds of years. Apart from that, it also caused the shift of the center of Buddhism from India to the island of Java (Borobudur) and the shift of the center of the agama Tirta from India to Mount Semeru (East Java).
The Out of Taiwan theory does not tell the dynamics as complete as the history of the Yunan civilization on the Irrawaddy-Mekong river (Saka-Yavana, Malaya-Kamboja-Champa)...
Now, a new theory has emerged about the spread of humans in Southeast Asia. Namely about the Sunda and Sahul shelf. The Sunda Shelf united the Archipelago/Indonesia with Asia during the ice age. In fact, the island of Java at that time had been inhabited by Homo erectus and Denisovans. Of course, using the Out of Africa distribution theory, it is not quite right.
Aborigines in Australia also actually come from the island of Timor (Indonesia). They have long interacted with Makassar people from the island of Sulawesi (Indonesia).
Australia is not an option as a good place to live because it is considered a vast desert at that time.
The Out of Africa theory also cannot fully explain the distribution of humans in Southeast Asia. Especially about the Denisovans and Homo erectus/Java man. Because the Out of Africa theory is limited to Homo sapiens only and not to other hominids that might be the true ancestors of Southeast Asian people.
Regarding bahasa Indonesia, this language was created in the 1920s (based on Malay) because we refused to use the language of the Dutch colonialists. Dutch language was banned from being used in Indonesia by our revolutionary father, Sukarno (Indonesia's first president).
In terms of the debate about whether the term "Austronesian" should be used in non-linguistic context, where do you fall?
I as an Austronesian person lean towards using it as an identifier beyond languages. I see it more so as an island southeast asian identity though (western malayo polynesian)
Personally I'd reserve it for linguistic usage, but I don't object to the usage of "Austronesian" as an adjective e.g. to describe common cultural practices, not as noun referring to an individual of Austronesian heritage.
Theory and Genetics
Y-DNA paternal haplo group
O1a- m119=Taiwan Basal East Asians/Mongoloid race Proto Austronesian
O3- m122= Sundaland Basal East Asians/Mongoloid race mixed to negritos
O2a-m95= Basal East Asians/Mongoloid race Austroasiatic
O3e-m134= Basal East Asians Sinitic Chinese
K-p378= Sundaland Basal Austroloids Negritos or Australo Melanesian
*Average Filipinos🇵🇭 DNA paternal is 50% O1a-m119, 30% O3-M122, 20% others
*Average Indonesians🇮🇩 DNA paternal is 40% O2a-m95, 40% O3- m122, 20% others
*Average Malaysians🇲🇾 DNA paternal is 40% O3-m122, 20% O3e-m134, 20% O2a-m95, 10% others
@@junirenjana because we have to comply to white people telling us that somehow its just a lingustic identifier even if we look alike, sound alike culturally some how related if you look good enough? Australians as white Europeans not unless they are obviously Austronesians. but somehow we cant do the same... cause you know colonizers divided us.
Wow. 0:54. This is colonization on epic scale.
Okay the algorithm is creeping me out. I mentioned in one comment that I have austronesian ancestry and this video was in my feed.
A person from the "South Islands".
it's hard to ignore the language shared..numbers 1 to 10...every Austroneasian shares the 1 to 5 and the number 10 as the same language...proto Austronesian number 10 derived from sa (number 1) and pulo(bunch of bananas that numbered 10)...in Ilocano, the number 10 is sangapulo...the number 20 is duapulo...the number 30 is talopulo and so on...Ilocano and the Igorot of the Philippine mountains are the closest in culture and language to the southern tribes of the mountain people of Taiwan.
Sangihe / Sangir tribe from North Sulawesi Prov , Indonesia .!!
10 Mapulo
11 Mapulo esa
12 Mapulo Dua
13 Mapulo telu
20 Duangpulo
21 Duangpulo esa
22 Duangpulo dua
23 Duangpulo telu
30 Telungpulo
40 Epapulo
50 Limangpulo
55 Limangpulo Lima
60 Enumpulo
70 Pitungpulo
80 Walungpulo
90 Siongpulo
91 Siongpulo Esa
100 Mahasu
1001 Mahasu sembau
500 Limahasu
1000 sehiwu
1 Sembau
2 Darua
3 Tatelu
4 Epa
5 LIMA
6 Enung
7 Pitu
8 Walu
9 Sio
Father = Amang
MOther = Inang
1 people / Person = Tau
Many people = Taumata
Eye = Mata
Island = Banua
in kapampngan 10 is apulo
I chuckled when austronesian map excludes Australia, the one continent people will mistakenly link austronesia with.
Well they are white 😂
And the aborogin are melanesian
there's no connection between austronesians and australian aborigines.. in fact, south indians are more related to australian aborigines than austronesians are
@@SmokingmeowYea, that's why I said mistakenly. The map is correct, including the exclusion of Papua / New Guinea from the shade, I just always find it funny a map of Austronesian carves out Australia.
👏
FINGERS CROSS THAT WE WONT HAVE MALAYSIANS AND INDONESIAN HAVING A WAR IN THE COMMENT SECTION WKWKWKWKWK. XD
Tagalog is the most hardest language in Austronesian language family while indonesian bahasa the easiest one
The Origins of the Austronesian languages
Taiwan Formosan languages
czcams.com/video/rqrfks0u8GI/video.htmlsi=SQ49XrHfb5yQjnMS
It's not a pure Austronesian language since it has a lot of Spanish words and some Chinese words.
@@chewy6487 Filipino language is the one who have a Spanish loan word while Tagalog is purely native
@@chewy6487And? There's no such thing as a "pure languag"... Bahasa has Dutch, English, Chinese, Portuguese, Sanskrit and Arabic Loanwords.
Even Spanish has Arabic loanwords mixed into it.
Interesting that Madagascar is part of this.
i thought i saw Ezra Miller😅…anyway new subscriber here, and 👁️ ❤ your video 👍
The Malay influence in East Africa Mascarene Islands including Madagascar, Mayotte and Reunion is pretty significant too.
cringe... smennjnk claim 🤪
smennjnk cringe masih ngira dongeng alam mlaiyuk GHAIB itu relevan di dunia NYATA 😂
yg percaya dongeng halu alam mlaiuyuk ghaib itu cuma kaum fasis smennjnk 🤪
Really good video well explained, Peoples are just Saying "Austronesia Came from Taiwan" without reason nor mentioned "Theory" "Hypothesis" became cult of believe instead rationality science. I hope you make detailed version of Support and Weakness of Out of Taiwan, Out of Sundaland theory in the future.
Only Western Indonesians and Malaysians have roots in Mainland Southeast Asia. Half of their DNA comes from there, and the other half is Austronesian (from Taiwan). The rest of Austronesians don't have this Mainland Southeast Asian ancestry
Taiwanese indigenous peoples = Native Indonesians（Pribumi）
Taiwanese indigenous peoples(Formosa Peoples )/Chinese Peoples （Tionghoa) in Taiwan
czcams.com/video/nJ2pUoP6GHE/video.html
Thank you! One day I do plan to make a detailed version of the differing theories.
Sundaland is cap
How reliable is Out of Sundaland theory compared to Out of Taiwan?
Population from mainland mass would have technically advancement beyond what are available to isolated Population, such as domesticated chickens and dog, both suspected originally from south Asia, plus advancement in farming techniques would dominate isolated Population in millionaire to come
I came across a video of aborigine Taiwanese & I was so surprised that 5 is lima, one particular language tina is mother. So there it is, Taiwan or Formosa must be the ancestral homeland to Austronesians.
Fun fact. Thai and Lao people share ancestors with Austronesian but our ancestors sailed to southern china and moved to southeast asia after the mongolian invasion instead of the islands
Thai peoples ≠ South China Chinese peoples ≠ Austronesian peoples = Native Taiwanese = Native Indonesians = Native Filipinos😅
The Origins of the Austronesians
czcams.com/video/ihOQ18C3wl4/video.htmlsi=aK6DQLHzMXLM6Hea
Taiwan is the Origin of Austronesian-speaking People
czcams.com/video/nxDI-JmZeLc/video.htmlsi=2wTlc6TheEQkOovg
Native Taiwanese (Austronesians) vs Military of the Qing dynasty China(Colonialism Chinese ）😅
czcams.com/video/FbXW0uW4Ozc/video.htmlsi=-Cd36uC-PJj3h1SU
Leluhur Orang Jawa (Austronesia )dari Taiwan
czcams.com/video/nxDI-JmZeLc/video.htmlsi=Q0xzTjyz0LFWcCt5
@@LilibethLyka
Like most Indonesian ethnic groups, including the Sundanese of West Java, the Javanese are of Austronesian origins whose ancestors are thought to have originated in Taiwan, and migrated through the Philippines to reach Java between 1,500BC and 1,000BC