The Insane Engineering of the GEnX
Vložit
- čas přidán 5. 05. 2024
- Sign up to Nebula here: go.nebula.tv/realengineering
Watch the 60 minute Nebula version here: nebula.app/videos/real-engine...
Links to everything I do:
beacons.ai/brianmcmanus
Credits:
Writer/Narrator: Brian McManus
Writer/Researcher: Sophia Mayet
Editor: Dylan Hennessy
Animator: Mike Ridolfi
Sound: Graham Haerther
Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster
References
[1] www.cnn.com/travel/article/qa...
[2] www.hemmings.com/stories/arti...
[3] www.scalespot.com/reviews/kit...
[4] www.airmak.com/index.php/air-...
[5] www.boeing.com/commercial/aer...
[6] www.boeing.com/commercial/aer...
[7] ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/...
[8] www.sciencedirect.com/science...
[9] www.skybrary.aero/index.php/A...
[10] www.boeing.com/commercial/aer... & www.boeing.com/commercial/aer...
[11] www2.chem.wisc.edu/deptfiles/....
[12] www.safran-landing-systems.co...
[13] www.aeroexpo.online/prod/safr...
[14] www.boeing.com/commercial/aer...
[15] www.geaviation.com/commercial...
[16] www.geaviation.com/sites/defa....
[17] www.flightglobal.com/analysis...
[18] www.colorado.edu/faculty/kant...
[19] www.materialstoday.com/compos...
[20] www.colorado.edu/faculty/kant...
[21] global.kawasaki.com/en/corp/r...
[22] www.sciencedirect.com/topics/...
[23] www.alentecinc.com/papers/NOx...
[24] www.digitalrefining.com/artic...
[25] www.faa.gov/about/office_org/...
[26] ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/2...
[27] arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/...
[28] blog.geaviation.com/manufactu...
[29] www.sme.org/technologies/arti...
[30] www.matec-conferences.org/art...
[31] www.boeing.com/aboutus/enviro...
[32] aviationbenefits.org/newswire....
Select imagery/video supplied by Getty Images
Thank you to AP Archive for access to their archival footage.
Music by Epidemic Sound: epidemicsound.com/creator
Thank you to my patreon supporters: Adam Flohr, Henning Basma, Hank Green, William Leu, Tristan Edwards, Ian Dundore, John & Becki Johnston. Nevin Spoljaric, Jason Clark, Thomas Barth, Johnny MacDonald, Stephen Foland, Alfred Holzheu, Abdulrahman Abdulaziz Binghaith, Brent Higgins, Dexter Appleberry, Alex Pavek, Marko Hirsch, Mikkel Johansen, Hibiyi Mori. Viktor Józsa, Ron Hochsprung - Věda a technologie
Watch the 60 minute Nebula version here: nebula.app/videos/real-engineering-the-insane-engineering-of-the-787
ye
i think the 737 can't fit inside of a GEnX. It can fit inside a GE9X tho
Thank you so much, Brian! I’m participating in the 2023 NASA Dream With Us, and your videos gave me plenty of ideas on what design to choose. I really love what you do, and I always learn a lot! You’re a lifesaver, for real!
Amazing! You should cover the Bombardier C-Series (Renamed the A220), it's also one of the greatest passenger planes ever made!
22:23 *NOT turbine discs...
I love how he’s explaining this revolutionary technology and just throws in a casual yeet
I don't have any friends because they are ashamed of the videos I upload. Are they really that bad, dear lo
*Yeeeeet*
@@AxxLAfriku yes they are
YEETTTTTT
@@daniell1869 *Translate to English*
Absolutely great video! I'm an aerospace engineer and was the original mechanical design leader of the GEnx-1B fan blade at GE Aviation in Cincinnati. The video and appreciation of it in the comments are really amazing and I'm glad to see so many people interested in it. Working with the great team at GE on this project is my proudest and most rewarding career highlight so far. There is so much engineering and amazing testing on all these components that they could each be their own video. Watching the CFAN team in Texas do the hand layup of the hundreds of carbon prepreg plies for each blade in this video brought back great memories. Just a couple suggestions if you want to incorporate them: First, the actual spelling is GEnx (not GEnX or GENx). Also, the LP system (fan, booster and LP turbine) are all on the same shaft and spin CW (as viewed from the front). Some of the animated cross sections in the video appear to show the booster and LPT spinning CCW. The HP system (HPC and HPT) are on the same shaft and spin CCW. It's a counter-rotating concept, unique to the GENx for GE turbofans and was intended to increase performance and reduce parts count. It's the only GE commercial turbofan to have the LP system spin CW. Some mention of the fan blade out requirements might be warranted. Fan blade out loads play a large role in sizing all the primary engine structures. The unique carbon fiber fan case of this engine is sized strictly to contain this event and keep the blades from leaving the engine Moving from 22 blade to 18 blades as mentioned was a concern on how big the blade out loads were. The fan blade out test required for certification is the most severe test there is and of course pretty much destroys the engine. Thanks for the great video and sharing the amazing engineering that we can do when we we put our minds, energy and passions to it.
Ohiya !!!
you write, "There is so much ...amazing testing...." Ok, unless you're the chicken.
I'm at the other end of the engineering spectrum. Sometimes, I've whittled bits of wood - to use as dowels for woodworking joints.
Excuse me sir it’s GEnx :)
Moving that fuel curve to the lean side must increase temperatures lke crazy. I noticed that was not addressed..
As a current 787 pilot, this video is fascinating and so well presented. Really impressive how complex systems and tech are explained so clearly, and without any dumbing down. Well done!
Yes indeed, have not seen anywhere else a real overview of the developments. Have always assumed it was just more carbon fiber and improved engine efficiency, but it’s so much more. Very interesting and the level of detail is very much appreciated.
As a chicken farmer, im truely happy 😁
Nice one! seen two mistakes in the first 10 minutes, so I hope to god you aren't a 787 pilot...lots of love, an engineer :)
As an operator of the thing, would you say that anything is outstanding to distinguish it from the rest of its class?
@@ashrich1494 Oddly aggressive over a few mistakes in an overall good video
I spent 10 years of my life working on the 787 power systems, from primary to secondary power, and lived your presentation.
Very well researched.
Wowww
@@workspilot. np
So how do the systems on the 787 compare to its predecessors as far as service and maintenance were concerned?
15:09 "..involves 'yeeting' a dead bird into the engine.."
There it is. Excellent.
I don't care if this is an old meme, I love it whenever I hear technical explanations use it! I'm an architect and I love describing some of our construction practices at the firm I work at with that word if I can lol
Rolls royce trent 1000 is better than this (genx)
it is always funny as hell if the narrator was being super serious and then 'yeet'
I know a now-retired engineer that used to work for GE Aircraft Engines. He said that you’ve never seen a room of grown men, many with advanced degrees, turn into 9 year old boys faster than when they were doing bird strike tests with an engine on the test stand.
@@zlinedavid most important thing
remember to defrost the chicken
4:15 Really hammering in the point that the 787's APU is started by a battery but is very different 😂
😂
I was looking for this
Found it.
It literally took me off guard when I heard him say it
Probably an oversight in editing.
I’m just amazed by the amount of information that you had to scour through the internet and the number of scientific papers that you red to create this video. Well explained thermodynamics, great covered of polymers and materials, and design engineering. As an engineer, this totally deserved an award.
As an aerospace engineer who’s worked at GE, you do a great job explaining this tech👏👏
If you don’t mind, How much did you make? Were you satisfied?
@@josephpullium5026 he's lying lol.
@@GabeGettinRich it's not exactly a tall tale, anyone can be an engineer
@@AveRay_ true, anyone can be an engineer. Let me lessen the scope by asking how many people can be an engineer, that works in Aerospace specifically, and then at GE to be even more specific.
Right.
@@GabeGettinRich eh, if I my career was that specific I would make a point to watch CZcams videos regarding what I help to make possible. He could be lying, sure, but I like to assume he isn't, and it isn't that much a coincidence
I remember my dad telling me this series had tons of issues with the batteries/electrical systems when they worked on it years and years ago. Looks like fixing and overcoming those issues was ultimately worth it!
They didn't actually fix the problem. They had an issue with batteries catching fire which led to the plane's grounding. Their solution was a titanium box around the battery to contain the blast and vents that discharge the pressure from the exposition to the outside.
Hold on, can you tell me what your father's job is??
@@henrychan720 That is not true. They fixed the problem by changing the battery chemistry AND using a containment box as an additional safety measure to keep the 0 accident and fatality records as long as possible.
@@maulanamuhammadaziz9752 electrical or mechanical engineer at boeing most likely
Boeing has had a number of quality issues with this aircraft and others. Most seem to be rooted in assembly and quality control, but the batteries were an engineering fail.
I've been watching your videos since I was a senior in high school, now I'm a senior in aerospace engineering and you made a video on a jet engine I've worked on during one of my internships. Feels really cool and I even learned some things I didn't know. Commercial aviation is definitely underrated, they can sometimes be a lot cooler than military aircraft because of how extreme the competition is.
This is true. Extreme in a different way. Military aircraft usually just go for maximum performance but commercial aircraft shoot for maximum efficiency and maximum subsonic performance.
I go to a school that specializes in aerospace engineering and everyone usually goes for the Astro track and not aero, and many of the aero kids want to work on military aircraft. I love this because it leaves less competition for me to enter the commercial engineering field >:)
During my intership days, I learn to use computer and had to push cart in a manufacturing factory 😞
In know a youtube channel called "Tanner tech", he seem to be someone who can work on jet engines during his internship.
@Rae Lil Black hey there
@@vroomcarske dude it's a bot.
I just flew in a 787 for the first time today, and I kept remembering different features of the plane that were described in this video. I was amazed at how quiet and comfortable it was due to the significantly reduced noise profile and higher cabin pressure allowed by the rigidity of the carbon fuselage.
This video provides a stunning look at the 787 and the GEnx engine that is truly inspirational. I really appreciate your videos and the respect you have for the engineering and technology!
8:34 The brake test isn't an aborted landing test. The last thing you want to do is slow down during an aborted landing.
Think you meant aborted take off.
I came to the comment section for this. Little details like this drive me crazy lol.
@@phoenixrising4073 Haha, same. That's literally why I'm here.
Haha, I think my brain corrected his mistake because I knew exactly what test her was referring to, and didn't even notice.
@@jaadotechMeh, mistakes happen, I just find it fun to pick up on this stuff and point it out for others. Not as a "DUMB REAL ENGINEERING GOT IT WRONG!" type of thing, but sometimes the errors can be funny.
I'm sure he meant aborted take off, but it's just one of those things that slip by :).
Normally "insane" is a hyperbole but wow, the amount of work that went into this design is actually insane.
It's truly just "wow", this'll get talked about in the near future , just damn
czcams.com/video/Jw3eq33c9qU/video.html
wrgg
You make this plane look like it is the most amazing thing to have been created by humanity. Seriously, your videos sometimes make me almost want to become an aerospace engineer, but then I realized that I'm terrible at maths and physics
I work on these building these planes and see the 787 every day. It takes many people with a wide skillset to build them and only a small portion are involved with design of them (especially now that it's been 10+ years since the first one was delivered). Being intellectually curious and determined is more important than math or physics ability.
@@CoopMauKona Wise words for any prospecting student
he even made this plane look attractive as if it doesn't have mcas failures resulted to crashes in the past.
@@2061526 wrong plane, but yes the 787s made in South Carolina have issues
I'm studying to become an aerospace engineer. It's just about as hard as it sounds, but hey, it IS rocket science!
Before the B787 the B747-8 started using the same GEnx Engines and trust me as a Transit Engineer I have not seen an engine so robust, which requires little maintenance on line.. The difference between the 2 engines on 787 and 747-8 is that one on 787 is bleedless and the other on 747-8 taps bleed off the engine.. Great Machine 👍🏽
Several channels tried to get me to sign up to Nebula. This series just might have single handedly made me want to do so. Impressively well made content. Thank you so much!
A couple of small corrections:
At 3:25 - an air starter doesn’t feed air “directly through the turbine section”. It feeds air to a separate small air turbine that is geared to the main shaft to spin it. It is just like the cartridge starter, except the starter turbine is fed compressed air instead of combustion gases.
17:13 - the term is pressure ratio, not compression ratio. Compression ratio is a piston term and is a volumetric ratio. Pressure ratio is a jet engine term and is just what the name says. You use the correct terminology later in the video. People may think that they can compare these numbers with piston engine compression ratio but they can’t be compared directly. They describe different things.
The Air Turbine Starter(ATS) is generally coupled with HPC or N2 shaft
Also 8:42 it's a rejected takeoff not aborted landing. You don't abort landings once you hit the ground.
@@jameswang7362 you can always go around, (including for a significant portion following your touchdown)
@@samneale7249 Thanks for the correction. More accurately, you wouldn't use your brakes to abort a landing since you'd want to gain speed.
@@jameswang7362 well... 11like no, wrong awnser you do if it was a long landing you or the engines are not decellerating, press that TO/GA Button. also known as a a deliberate act touch and go's
Listening to a professor giving a lecture on engineering while saying “yeeting a dead bird into the engine” made my day!
I had to rewind that bit... yep I heard that correctly... meeting a dead bird....LOL!
"yeet" is just such a fitting word
I hope they thawed the frozen dead bird before yeeting it.
@@flingage it's a funny word
It caught me off guard compleatly lol
Unbelievable. The engineering behind the fuel injectors blew me away. Also love the idea of getting rid of the bleed air system. A lot of creative thinking went into this. Game changer
I see a new one of these behemoths in the Air Canada hangar where I work every other month or so, it's hard to put into words how impressive and awe inspiring these planes are, even after working so close to commercial aircraft for so long I still regularly find myself being amazed by these machines.
Aerospace engineer here. Great overall work with the video! Just have one thing to ad, at 13:10 it is stated that there are only one shaft in the GENX. The usual configuration for turbofans are two or three shafts stacked. In the case of three shafts (which looks like is the case here from the low pressure turbine config due to the slightly larger gap before the last low pressure turbine) connecting the HPC-HPT, LPC-LPT1 and FAN-LPT2.
It's a 2 shaft engine. The low pressure compressor is on the same shaft as the fan (not clearly shown in the diagram). The only civil wide body jet engines that are three shaft are Rolls-Royce Trents (incidentally the RR Trent 1000 is an engine option on the Boeing 787)
@@EdwardPallett @Edward Pallett thanks for clearing that up
I completely lost it and nearly spit out my drink at how casually and professionally you managed to say "yeeting a dead bird into the engine."
Well done sir.
Lol, AI was at fault on thatone
The 787 Dreamliner has been my favourite aircraft for a long time now, as I have also personally experienced it.
One of the best video's on CZcams with detailed technical specifications, formulas etc. Airplanes and their engineering advancements fascinate me and i was aware of all these advancements with the 787. But to see a detailed compilation of each of those advancements in one video was awesome. Thanks to Real Engineering !!!
Those chevrons, making it look cool and actually having a purpose. What a win win in design
What a win win in wings
@@barakathiongo4835 beautiful wings!
Symbol for “kilo” is a lower case “k”. Symbol for newtons is an upper case “N”. Thrust measured in kN, not Kn.
Thank you, very useful info
Smarty pants.
shift key typo, inverts cases.
These autocorrect oversights often change the meaning of the unit of measure. I expected more from an engineering channel. Kelvin nano???
@@dfburgers3568 noted.
13:30 Turbofans blade tips do in fact break the sound barrier. The whole point of having a cowling/duct around the fan is to eliminate the supersonic/subsonic fluid interaction that would happen in blade tips were open to the atmosphere. That is also why the tolerances are so tight between blade tips and the duct.
If you look at the GEnX with a fan diameter of 111.1 inches, and fan rotation speed of 2560RPM, you'll see the tip speed is about mach 1.1
Yes, it gives them the buzzing sound…
21:47 I was half expecting: And none of their designs would've been possible without *CURIOSITY STREAM!*
There is a small repeated section of voice-over at about 4:05. Good vid so far!
Deja Vu all over again! Usually this means that a patch was made in the Matrix.
For a moment a doubted reality
Gotta love CZcams QA.
There's also a few errors in the script. For example at 8:39 he twice says "aborted landing" when he means "aborted takeoff". Seems like this one was a bit rushed. But it's fascinating nonetheless.
Being a Veteran USAF firefighter, you are extremely informative. Love this channel. We encountered hot brakes many times a month. I have seen the tires explode sending the rim more than 1,000 ft.
This is the best video I've ever seen on jet engines. You did a truly incredible job, way better than the GE videos from the factory.
Look up "Chrysler Turbo Encabulator". It kind of speaks to what you are saying there, among other things. Finish swallowing whatever you are drinking before you start the video, though. I've shown it to a few non technical types, just to see how long it takes them to catch on. Most engineers or techs/mechanics are laughing from the first 'explanatory' sentence.
The one with the maintenance feature at the end is the best, and those search terms should get you there, because that is the exact title. With YT, you never really know, though. If you do, enjoy. :-) IIRC it may have been done by some engineers at one of the major companies, don't remember which, been too long, or maybe even one of the companies themselves, maybe even Chrysler. Nerd humor, but GOOD nerd humor. Crap, now I've got to go watch it again. The funniest part, for me, is they used to make a great transmission called a Torqueflite way back in the 70s. You'd ask people what the difference was and they'd just kind of give you the 'who knows' sign.
They were good trannys, although my dad managed to split a planetary carrier on one of them. Leave it to him. Idiot proof and engineer resistant.
I have a family member who worked for Boeing and worked on the 787 among other projects, listening to his stories and the engineering is awesome. And as a Aerospace machinist myself thank you for the great research and presentation.
A lot of the improvements in blade design were made possible by modern supercomputers able to do advanced computational fluid dynamics and topological optimization (actually, this may also be a cool video topic)
Indeed :)
I recall rollsroyce make hollow titanium blades to make them lighter. Wonder how they compare to the GE blade
176th, true.
When I worked in Metallurgy research towards this end as far back as the 70's it had to be done trial and error experiments. No supercomputers were around. Plain ol physical Metallurgy research my friend. And it got done.
You lost me at "A"
I flew in one of the Dreamliners from Vancouver Canada to New Zealand, The difference in noise, comfort and general exhaustion was very noticeable. I was dreading such a long flight, remembering flying to Thailand in an older jet more than 10 years prior. It was a breeze in comparison.
Another factor in increased comfort is likely because of the higher cabin pressure, closer to 6000 ft than the 8000 ft normal with older planes.
agree!!!
I agree. I flew from San Francisco to Singapore a few times on United's 787. The 17 plus hours on this aircraft was the best ever flight experience in my over 50 years of flying.
On October 24, 2021, my sister flew on a Dreamliner from Amsterdam to San Francisco. She didn't know what aircraft she was on because she doesn't care. I asked her if her flight was more quiet. She said no. She noticed no difference between the Dreamliner and other aircraft except when descending the pressure on her ears was less.
Dreamliner fails from the SC plant which now is all the production are known for problems with inspections of faulty seams door cutouts grounding and battery issues cockpit glass shattering and breaking much more then normal. These new efficient engines cause flight instabilities on modified planes like the max or the 777x which even scared the FAA who will not review them in flight after a flight test pitched toward the ground like the MAX. A hundred Dreamliners are grounded suffering from quality issues. Inferior titanium that passed initial QA. Oh forgot this weeks issue that affects all past and current dreamliners. The carbon fiber wings and fuselage are made with contaminated carbon fiber. Boeing has a sht show like the world hasn't seen in some time. These ultra efficient engines are huge as the high bypass design has those huge Turbines in the front. This cause modified planes to have to move the engines forward and upward with the edge neat the leading edge of the wing. This was why they use MCAS in 737max and something similar in the modified 777 the 777X. Most Airbus planes are much more recently developed with higher wings that provide proper clearance and are stable in flight. The Dreamliner if it was done properly is also a much more modern design but every one made has major issues. The people who work on the Dreamliner assembly line in SC have said in interviews, "I would not allow my family to fly on that plane". Regarding the insane engine...They are over-stresses as the huge turbine creates huge centrifugal force and bladed if not perfectly mounted, break. Boeing is replacing the shrouds that the FAA cited as being to weak to full contain a turbine failure.
Currently in aviation mechanics school, stuff like this is so helpful for visualizing the concepts we are taught, thank you real.
Great video, excellent detail.
Minor correction: it's an aborted takeoff test, an aborted landing would be a go-around. It's executed at max takeoff weight, with brakes 50% worn, and thrust reversers aren't used, only spoilers and brakes.
I remember I was so hyped to fly on this when I went to Europe for the first time. Those big windows, and I had snagged the emergency row with the extra space. This whole series has been excellent. I will make sure to watch the rest on nebula as well.
Aborted Take Off. Aborted landing is called Go Around. V1 is the decision speed to abort take off.
Just misspoke there and it wasn’t caught in the edit.
@@RealEngineering
@@RealEngineering it's okay, CZcams viewers won't notice anyway. They're all dumb.
@@sirseriously don't call us out like that god damn
@@sirseriously You too?
Great video.Amazing thing that all of those improvements implemented with this engine came with little or no compromise. Literally everything was improved; ,quiter, more efficient and even environmentally friendlier. Limiting factor with bypass ratios and engine sizes are also ground clearance, and may require more precision in high wind landing,due to fact that engines are getting closer to the ground.
Quiet engines would make you think they flamed out. Old cats from DC4 love the old prop noise. They miss it. I flew on a A 320 recently Apr 2023 and it was quieter than B737. You could sleep.
"So what do you do for a living?"
"I fire dead birds into plane engines"
"ok"
2 days ago, haha
Understandable, have a nice day
yeeting dead birds*
and they slowly turn away and walks away and then runs off
actually, you browse yt vids, thats what u do.
I felt like I was losing my mine at 4:18, great video!
He just really likes that sentence
Random fun-fact:
Watching Book-Reviews on YT is Fun and can give you Recommendations AND/OR Warnings.
Dominic Noble and Krimson Rogue are probably the best; oh, and Kappa Kaiju,
but that one wouldnt call himself Book-Reviewer, i bet.
All 3 epic CZcamsrs though; same for Jeracraft, when it comes to Minecraft-Buildings.
What is it actually?
Well understood presentation of the essence of way the GE engines on the 787 have evolved to produce solid provable increase of fuel efficiency and engineering improvements. Adaptive engineering(3D metal printing) producing the fuel injectors to reduce nitrogen in the atmosphere was fantastic. Thank you for a useful subject that the public should be aware of. Good job GE.
Flew in a 787-9 a few weeks ago.
It was a really exciting experience when my regular flights are in a Dash-8 and the largest aircraft I've been in are 737s and A320s.
The dreamliner was something else entirely.
Stepping off the plane, I couldn't believe just how large it was. It looked like I could step in to the engine with my arms raised high and not reach the top.
I was just in awe that a plane this capable exists.
It was very large and spacious, quiet, comfortable, and fast. Almost 2x the airspeed of the Dash-8 I've flown in most frequently.
10:33 as far as i know kiloNewton should be kN instead of Kn
kn and Kn are used for Knots sometimes so going with anything but kN is going to look more like something else
I was looking for this comment. He also said double u instead of omega for the angular velocity.
am I the only one who felt the narration is kinda all over the place in this video? Don't get me wrong, I like it a lot, and I get it's extremely complicated topic. But I was often confused. Might be a problem on my side tho
Correct it should be KN for kilonewtons but in areopsace engineering Kn actually represents knudsen number. Knots is usually represented as Kts to avoid confusion
Aren't Knots usually abbreviated KT, KTA (knots airspeed) or KTIA (knots indicated airspeed) in reference to aircraft?
The rule I learned in physics is that when it comes from a name it is capitalized. Newton (N), Hertz (Hz), Pascal (Pa), Becquerel (Bq), Ångström (Å), Ampere (A), etc.
I flew on the 787-9 from Melbourne to Vancouver a couple of years ago. I had the privilege of sitting in business class for such a long trip and I got to say, on take off, the amount of wing flex is incredible to see. It's so drastic. The plane is whisper quiet and you feel extremely comfortable inside with the cabin pressure being being higher than other airliners.
It's most dramatic on landing when the spoilers deploy and all the lift load is immediately removed from the wings.
Which airline were you with?
Me friend told me the first time he flew a sailplane with composite wings it was frightening him half to death. He said to him it looked like 10', at the tips. They definitely are not designed to act like metal wings. If metal wings DID act like that, they'd be separated from the fuselage in pretty short order. I hate it when that happens.
Hell, even when metal wings hardly move, at some humongous number of cycles they start to crack, and weaken, hence metal airplane useful 'life' specs. It's called metal fatigue and I expect it happens due to, at best case, large crystal interfaces, usually probably just material weak points or manufacturing 'defects'.
I expect that is one thing the single crystal blade does for you, that and it is strong. Multiply crystalized grain boundaries weaken things, and those are at microscopic levels.
Great video! Just to make it even better, a small detail: APU air bleeds into the air starter of the engine, not the turbine section. The starter then moves and as it is connected to, normally, N2 shaft, starts moving the "engine".
1960: we go 800km/h
2024: we still go 800km/h but more efficiently
Thanks for the great content! In my time as a contractor at GE in Cincinnati, I helped do CFD for those 3D-printed fuel nozzles and for combustion chambers of the subsequent products that built on the technology of GEnx: the LEAP and GE9X. They were insanely intricate and pushed the state of the art for jet engines. Predicting combustion behavior is also totally a black art. I was humbled by the absolute geniuses they had working on developing the statistical models that I fed into my analyses.
@17:43 One nitpick about thermodynamic concepts, here: Maximizing pressure ratio doesn't "maximize" the amount of energy you can extract from the fuel... Adding heat through fuel burn increases enthalpy (H) *isobarically* with entropy (S); think about the 2nd leg of the Brayton cycle as drawn on an H-S diagram. Fuel has some specific energy and you could achieve the same dH for a given fuel mass, because we're still talking about the same specific heat, Q, being imparted to the working fluid. Compressing the air more just starts that process at a higher initial H, but that also increases its T, meaning you'll be actually able to add *less* heat before hitting your turbine material thermal limits. This still improves efficiency because the more the cycle increases H by compression than by combustion, the less fuel is necessary to make up the difference in total energy needed by the complete engine cycle. Thermo is fun!
Can you give me help on how you do CFD with what apps and techniques to develop the data into meaningful solutions. Long shot but please, chemical engineering student here
Oooo,,, which software? I hear good things about paraview!
Of course his name is Goddard ;)
@@Certago noble sure name.
just checking if I grasp the concept, regulating presure and working with less igniting temperature was more energy efficient right?
15:08 yeeting is now a term in engineering.
Always has been
a _technical_ term!
@@666Tomato666 Just like jerk is.
Goes right alongside “FUBAR”, “done broke”, and all the other classics.
Siege engineers have been yeeting stones and corpses for centuries.
All your videos I've seen so far are absolutely amazing. Thanks for your work and effort.
I flew to Frankfurt , Germany and back to O'Hare in 787s. Far and away the best flying experiences I've ever had. It's an engineering marvel.
Really neat engine, basically a ducted turbo prop. Makes perfect sense in the evolution of engines and our times of needed efficiency.
Turbofan seems like the perfect name now huh.
Such turbofans have been around for decades; the bypass ratio has increased, and they've become more efficient, but still turbofans.
My day job involves getting large commercial turbofans through the FAA certification regimen.
@@UncleKennysPlace Very cool. They are kind of like highway gears on a car. It gives the engine more load to work with.
A ducted turboprop with many more blades... aka, a high bypass turbofan?
Turbofan engines have been around for ages… 🤔
I've seen this engine upfront at a GEIQ center, they are absolute monsters
I think one has to see it in person to get a frame of reference. When I board a 777 I always am in awe of the diameter of that engine.
@@LK-bz9sk The 777 doesn't have an option for the GEnx, but yeah, even those little CFM Leaps on the MAX are much bigger than you'd expect lol
@@everettrailfan the GE90 engines fitted to the 777 make the 797 GEnx engines look small in comparison
@@joecmonteiro The 747-8 also has them, and you accidentally said 797 instead of 787 lol. Also, the GE90's fan diameter is only about 1.5 feet wider, whereas the GE9X's fan diameter is 134 inches as opposed to the GEnx's 111 inch-diameter, which is still only about 2 feet wider.
Yeah as Brian said in the video, they're about the same diameter as the fuselage of a 737. That's astounding. I guess it's hard to get a sense of scale just looking at video footage. All jets look about the same size in pictures.
Well done Sir! This is the best video on jet engines and airplane technology by far! The amount and level of info is so detailed, showing you have done your research above and beyond what is generally required. Not to mention the animation too.
Great reports- you including details in the formulas.
All videos clips accompanying ease understanding 777 aircraft engine by GE engineering, your audiences sure loved your channel.
Thanks.
The quieter engines are also good for the ground crews as well, they have to deal with the maintenance and checks, makes their jobs easier
@qopoy dnon bot
Some engines would literally rattle tooth fillings loose at full power in a test cell
Sometimes I literally get shivers down the spine when I see how powerful knowledge and human minds can be. These people deserve to be known by the world and get recorded into history.
just wait a few centuries and you'll eventually get people who think it is impossible that humans had enough brain power to make these planes, and that these are _proof_ that they were designed by aliens.
Humans have evolved tech amazingly during the past 130 years. Too bad they haven't developed their sense of right and wrong during that time.
@@brahmburgers what are you talking about, it is called scientific method.
@@quelorepario I think that is what he is alluding to. A lot of scientific gains have been used for both the betterment and the demise of Humanity.
@@brahmburgers Yea, ok bud. Go sip your Kool-Aid and stop pretending to be smart because you watch a channel with engineering in the name.
This is a fantastic video. I having worked as an FA-18 Mechanic and studying the Theory and construction of gas turbine engines already had an interest in this subject for years. I found your delivery of the information entertaining.. It would be nice to see the rest of it and the more technical parts... maybe next time.
I got to fly a Dreamliner from SFO to Newark. I couldn’t believe how smooth and quiet the plane was. The windows were really cool. The whole plane is amazing.
Stop tempting me to go into Aerospace Engineering damnit, I've spent all my time focusing on going into Computer Science for University next year!
Seriously though, the work that's gone into this series is incredibly impressive, out of all the youtube channels I watch, you're the one who's finally convinced me to grab the Curiosity Stream + Nebula bundle. I can't wait for the next video
Someone has to design the software that designs the planes
Come to aerospace we have cookies
@@janmelantu7490 And the software that the planes run. The thing that most commonly grounds a modern plane is software related, not physical.
Aerospace is hiring programmers more and more. You'll be just fine.
Don't worry, in case you make the mistake of trying aerospace, the first few subjects will knock some sense into you.
I flew in the 787 Dreamliner this month, and I shall tell you all... the experience is unmatched. You simply feel the difference the moment you enter the huge aircraft. The electronics, infotainment systems, futuristic washrooms, monochromatic windows, beautiful cabin lightings, and the perfectly smooth flight was just so insane that an enthusiast cant stand without wowing at all of it. The landing didn't even feel the same. The touchdown and braking system was so quiet and smooth, you would never want to get into another aircraft.
After this insane experience, I just wish I somehow get to experience the same again.
Agree and just wanted to ad that i couldn´t believe making the dream come through when i discovered that the Dreamliner was on of my planned routes and matched pricing of more conventional aircraft. It is smooth and top notch engineering that combined gives a sence of new dimension when flying. Siting in a row located next to one of the gigant engines was just fantastic, a sensation of silent drag force unmatched.
Bro rlly just explained 1 year of flight school into an 30 minute video.. impressive content..
One of the coolest videos on youtube that I have ever seen. Great job man!
What an amazing job done by real engineering! I just finished my Aircraft Powerplant Repairer course in the Army and the fact that you truly covered all of the important info precisely and concisely. Outstanding researching, script writing, and video making in general. Major props!
I find it quite interesting how with ever increasing bypass ratios, today's turbofans are increasingly becoming more similar to the propfan concept. I wonder if the two will begin to overlap in the future.
Safran developped an unducted turbofan engine. It's set to release in 2030, I believe
So basically a turboprop with fewer steps
How so? Just due to the bypass ratios? Or other similarities?
A Turboprop is a propeller attached to turbine engine though a driveshaft and gearbox. A propfan is a fan ( basically a propeller) mounted directly to the low pressure turbine of turbine engine.
There likely is a "sweet spot" for turbofan + prop overlap.
The integral blade and disk concept is incredible. Another problem with the dovetail connection between the disk and blades is thermal expansion - the dovetail is optimized for operating temperatures, so the connection is loose at start up. This also wears on the nub at the blade tips which provides the seal against the turbine case.
Then the Tce of the dovetail material is greater than the wheel material it resides in, I think. I know with expansion the disk portion of the dovetail will expand, too. Maybe there are some geometry differences. Interesting, in any case. And I have heard the blades clinking around at room temp when the thing is rotated. I just assumed the centripetal force held them in place, or the lateral loading. Bad assumption, apparently.
I think the key to this channel is the vocabulary of “insane.” I don’t ever feel like it’s clickbait cuz everything here is always insane & I do indeed like insane
Hey man I just wanna say thank u I started watching when I was about 14 I'm now 17 and going into college doing engineering thanks to u inspiring me to become an enginner
I think you need to stay in school to fix your grammar.
@@NnH_Kairyu nah mate I got a broken phone I'm not retarded 🤣
25:00 is it the same principle behind tapered train tunnel exits? Iirc, they add tapered concrete walls to the exits of train tunnel so that the air pressure wave, that is created by a high speed train moving through the tunnel, is dissipated more gradually.
I just wanna say when you see the factories these birds are assembled in they look rather mundane, but they are the biggest buildings in the world. I was fortunate enough, as a metal fabricator to build some Boeing plants at my last job in Oklahoma City about 5 years ago. One was a 880k sq.ft. paint booth, welded truss members, like 40k tons of steel. Another was a rear wing facility for the 777x. It vwas over 1.1m sq.ft. Each truss was like 930ft long and had 11,000 bolts in it. Building weighed over 86k tons. Plenty of semis left okc for Everett with one beam member because it and the connection plates hit the 80k lb load of the trailer. For scale, same shop built dallas cowboys stadium when I was in college, it was only 15k lbs of structural steel. Massive operation!
Damn, now I want a video on the factory construction
The technology of the turbine engine is just so marvelous. So amazing to see. Combined with the 787 itself, so awesome.
This was a fantastic video that I'm incredibly glad to have stumbled across. Just the right amount of science and engineering speak to not dumb it down too much while also allowing lay-folk to admire the amazing engineering,
czcams.com/video/HpdYNTcu4UM/video.html
Wow! I have 8 years of experience in pilot training working for a US airline, a master’s degree from Embry Riddle and I have NEVER seen a better presentation of the complexities of bypass ratio, compression ratio, materials engineering, and machining. Truly a remarkable presentation! You earned another subscriber!
Beautiful plane, amazing engines. I love how the wings are swept up, looks so elegant
What a totally fantastic video. The GEnX engine and the 787 are incredible made understandable by this brilliant video...fantastic job
Seems to be some confusion about the Nebula version of this. It’s linked in the description. It combines last weeks video and this weeks into a single video. It has about 8 minutes of additional content, mostly in the form of that TS diagram explanation.
More confusing than it needs to be
Ah yeah was looking for something that never existed
I just finished watching the Nebula version. One statistic you didn't offer was the combined improvement in fuel efficiency of the 787 design using GenX engines. Perhaps I could go through and add up all the separate increases in efficiency you give throughout the video, but I'd rather you do the math. But I was also wondering: are there any synergistic improvements that come from the combination of innovations? I used to be a pretty good math student until I made the mistake of taking an honors trigonometry class at the Bronx High School of Science. My math grade fell from a 98 in geometry to a 70 in trig. Still passing, but it led me to waste my life with a career as a lawyer instead of a physicist.
As a Nebula subscriber, should I be watching my fave creators there instead of CZcams? Is y'all's income distribution of subscriber fees based on Nebula view time? If so, I guess I can watch you over there. But I'll miss all the ads. How will I know which industrial robot arm or metal 3D printing technology to purchase without my CZcams ads telling me?
22:20 you called the compressor stages turbine discs.......... It's okay everyone does it every now and then.
It’s amazing what people can achieve when they work together to meet and exceed requirements we set out for them. These videos have been excellent, thank you for doing them!
4 days ago, 41 like, almost 42 lol. Anyways. It's so true. Just the amount of stuff that was done....
agreed,. i wish capitalism would hurry up and die so we can get rid of the unnecessary competition and start cooperating as humans should
humans tragedies usually makes our survival instincts kick to adapt and innovate. This pandemic has forced us to innovate and develop technology so fast. The last time this probably happen where humans are forced to adapt and innovate was ww1/ww2. The greatest technological development that came out of that was the computer invention...then the internet
Loving all those shots of 787s with Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 engines
Every bit of information in this video is incredible. Thank you for sharing it.
I'm not yet sure, but I think after the battery, the 787's APU architecture might be very different from the usual.
Yea I’m not sure tho. He shoulda repeated that part again.
That’s what he said
Not drastically different from most APUs. No bleed air from the compressor, and it takes a different oil from the engines to aid in high altitude starting. Some subtle differences, but not really earth-shattering.
Symbol for angular velocity is Greek letter omega. Lower case omega looks like a Latin w, but it's not "double-u", it's omega.
yeah, I puked in mouth a little bit at that point
For the layman, that is a w
I'm way outta my league here. Just how many math symbols are there? And has anybody ever created flash cards for them? Even an index. I'd want to give kids those tools.
Ω - ω
@@douglascunningham6319 as far as I know, the Greek and Latin alphabets but many are reused
Now that we have a video on these, currently most efficient large turbines, could you do a video about geared turbofan engines?
The Pratt&Whitney 1000G already exist. And maybe we will see a bigger version of it on bigger jets soon.
Well.... the PW1000G had issues with its gearbox which resulted in a couple A220s have engine explosions while on their final climb. Rolls Royce is developing/planning to flight test the "Ultrafan" ultra high bypass geared turbofan, but its not going to enter service any time soon.
I flew the 787 from Santiago - Chile to Melbourne - Australia in 2019, and it was the most uncomfortable flight of my life. The 3-3-3 config for someone as tall as me during an almost 16h flight was a tough combination. Amazing plane tho. It's crazy seeing how much the wing bends from inside. Got some amazing photos!
Amazing production & content, thanks a lot for your hard work.
This engineering leap, im sure will make future commercial flying more efficient & advanced. What a beautiful jet.
Awesome video! Minor point, the chevrons on the fan increase the exit area of the interface between ambient air and fan discharge. Increasing the area decreases the shear which decreases noise. Think of a siren, it makes high pitch noise by shearing the air. We experimented with chevrons on an unnamed fighter engine with no real benefit in noise reduction seen (no comparison implied, different application). Fan discharge air reduces the shear between ambient air and the core by accelerating the air at the interface of the fan/ core discharge. Reducing shear reduces noise. BTW, loved the video so much I subscribed to Nebula.I learned a lot. Love this systems stuff. Also loved seeing "my engine" in the test cell in some clips.
So proud to be flying this amazing machine as my job! Wonderful video. My already high appreciation for this aircraft just got way even higher.
are airlines safe to fly in now days? I just flew to Turkey with my family i am from Los angeles California, and every time i sit in a airplane i think about all the bad stuff i have done in my life and how i could change things to be a better person and first things i think about first is my kids.... when airplanes have turbulence is it normal ? and also having severe turbulence could crash the airplane ? i have done a lot of research and read that its okay but not sure why im always scared of my love whenever i approach an airplane or ride in one
@@ranyshawket9253 No plane has been brought down just by turbulence for decades. Regulations are in place to ensure that the aircraft is robust. As pilots, we also endeavour to avoid nasty weather systems as much as we can, because firstly flying into a nasty is unsafe for passengers and crew, secondly it requires us to be extremely attentive to flight parameters.
Turbulence will always be present. Sometimes we cannot see it and anticipate. Regardless I have full faith in the engineering of modern airliners as they are subject to extremely stringent requirements.
@@DS87 wow thank you so much for kind comment did really make my day! Thank you and god bless you always 🙏
Its really really easy to understand something comprehensively the way you convey.
I give you 100%
After around 17 years I'd been dealing with several turbines from several manufacturers (not in aviation industry), I also studied about turbofans and now i strongly believe that GE turbine technology, specially this state of the art engine of GEnX, is way ahead of the competitors technologies of say R.R. and else. You may easily just take 10-20 GEnX parameters and compare to the same parameters in a R.R or any other turbines, and you'll be amazed. The subject was also very well explained.
Chef's kiss for the engineering that went into this, and three cheers for real engineering too.
I have never seen videos on a subject on CZcams that I found so fascinating that I found myself holding my breath on several occasions while watching.
The engineering that Boeing put into this plane almost makes up for the fiasco of the 737 MCAS.
love these videos and how the tone of excitement about the feats and technology don't wholly dismiss the missteps the company behind the plane made
This is a fantasic video. Well done. Incredibly well explained.
This was a great video! Thank you for making it, and sharing it with us. Keep up the good work!
this sir is the best video ever made on how a jet engine works and also all the physics and technologies taking place in the process,honestly very well done i got my ATPL and didn't know some very interesting part like fuel mixture control,your work deserves more viewers than you already do,keep it up!
I find the GEnx remarkably easy to work on compared to smaller engines with manually opened cowling. The PDOS system allows a mechanic to not worry about what it's going to take to get into the darn thing, and just get to it. However it is a HUGE piece of equipment and like all jumbo jets it ain't easy getting to the work area. The wire harnesses are easy to replace but not secured very well and so we've seen some chaffing issues. Oh, one thing I noticed about the GEnx is how fast it starts. The starter/generator gets it moving FAST and it's started in no time.
Please consider producing a video on the P&W GTF problems on what, how, and why the gear box has very reliable while the remaining parts have had so many issues.
Please include P&W troubled history transitioning from their reliable piston driven engines to turbojet, high bypass ratio turbo fan and Geared Turbo Fan engines.
For example, P&W early 747 turbofan engines, the first high bypass ratio turbofan engines to enter into service, if spooled up too quickly they would literally blow apart.
I have been waiting for a more detailed video on the engine and plane, thanks so much!
I used to work for the company that manufactures a majority of the composite ductwork for the 787’s APU and ECS, as well as the inner and outer guide vanes for the GENx. To say the engineering behind this aircraft is “insane” is an understatement.
fantastic find for me this morning. thank you for your detailed explanations.