Recreating the Briggs-Rauscher oscillating reaction
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- čas přidán 2. 03. 2017
- The Briggs-Rauscher oscillating reaction is one of the very few oscillating reactions that we know of.
Throughout the reaction, the concentration of iodide (I-) goes up and down, and this causes a swap between 2 processes. The the concentration is high, the process that consumes iodide is favored. When it is low, the process that produces it is favored. This causes a constant fluctuation of iodide.
As the iodide increases, it forms I2 which is yellow, then the I2 eventually combines with I- to form I3. This complexes with starch and forms a blue-black complex. The iodide producing process is then shutdown and the process that consumes it takes over. The iodide concentration drops, the I3-starch complex falls apart and the color dissipates. The I2 is sequestered by malonic acid and the solution reverts to colorless.
The [i-] continues to fall until the other process then takes over. Iodide is produced again and the cycle repeats itself.
NOTE: The yellow color of solution A was solved almost instantly by Bill Smathers. The iodate was likely contaminated with iodide. In acid, the lead to the production of I2, which gave the solution a yellow color. Upon addition of B, the I2 was sequestered by malonic acid!
Belousov video: • Recreating one of the ...
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The ultimate “BUT WAIT THERE’S MORE!”
Whether Briggs and Rauscher actually sat down and conceived this or if it was a serendipitous discovery, this reaction is so damn bizarre and complex. I'm stunned they came across this.
I believe they actually sat down and tried. There was a lot of info on related reactions already though. They didn't just pull it from thin air
That's just....wow.
@@KakashiBallZ Kakashi change your profile picture your eyes are fixed
@@KakashiBallZ kakashi is stupid
@@NileRedWe stand on the shoulders of giants
You know that you are doing something right when people like myself (no possible way to perform any of this) are 3 hours deep into your back catalog. Well done. Beautiful camera work and a high quality of production are icing on the cake.
Mike O'Barr a lot of people do it in AP chemistry
Mike O'Barr in highschool
I did it in my personal lab freaked my sisters kids plum out 😂
@@ronaldbrown9638 lol
I agree well well presented you're very clear speaker just don't talk down to people
I remember seeing this reaction for the first time at a field trip to the university. I was around 8 years old, and couldn't stop thinking about it. "What if you dipped a t-shirt in the fluid? Would the reaction continue forever, creating a color changing shirt?" I asked myself for several weeks.
14:16
when you're 10 and discover the powerpoint slide transitions for the first time
normally I hate youtube reaction videos but this is a clear exception. (wait, now it's black... no it's clear again)
How about making a doomsday chemical series. Such as a few episodes to making antiseptics and maybe a few others to make antibiotics and so on. And maybe another few to make useful chemicals you think would be good in a doomsday situation.
This is a great idea
I would really like to see that too 😊
Mr Rishi The Cookie You predicted North Korea.
YES
Strike in 3 2 1
During high school I used this video as a reference for my final paper about the influence of starch on the Briggs-Rauscher reaction, besides being a visual indicator. We got a 9/10. Thank you very much for this vid!
Best demo of the Briggs-Rauscher I have ever seen, with bonus clean up procedures too.
I'd buy one of your beakers except they probably don't work in Australia because the hole is on the wrong end for use in the southern hemisphere. ;-)
thats a myth I believe xD. The thing about the vortex direction
It's the fox! but australia is upside down. he needs the hole on our bottom.... that sounded horrible... ima go n rethink my life choices.
There's definitely a market for Australian beakers. I'd like one for keeping helium in. It keeps getting out of my American beakers.
@chu Harry Are you trying to get an r/whooosh? Because that's how you get an r/whooosh.
@chu Harry r/woooosh
Just a cooking tip for corn starch: make sure to always use cold water when dissolving it. It works better for some reason.
Probably similar with as with gravy mix. Ever tried to boil the water first an throw in gravy mix? Don't. It'll never dissolve and you'll have the worst clumpy gravy ever. The water _needs_ to be room temp or less.
The sudden dip from the gold to the dark dark blue really captivated me. It reminds me of the day to night cycle.
You only added 5 ml of acid to the liter of solution A. Considering the color of the starting sulfuric acid, it's hard to claim that the color of solution A is entirely due to the acid.
A more likely candidate is that your potassium iodate is contaminated with iodide. Under acidic conditions, the iodide and iodate react to form iodine, which dissolves and gives a brownish color. This is also why the color disappears with solution B: the iodine and malonic acid react to form iodomalonate, which is colorless. This side reaction contaminating solution A is why potassium bromate is more common for this oscillating reaction.
Very good point! That is also guaranteed the answer.
I added a note to the description. Thanks for your input
No problem!
This is my favorite channel on CZcams; the reactions, synthesis reactions and everything else is so interesting to watch keep up the good work and keep inspiring people to love chemistry
Hi this is a very late reply, i am doing a school project about this, so instead of concentrated sulfuric acid can I use dilute sulfuric acid for solution A?
Congrats on the silver Play button.
But I bet you could have made your own... like Cody. :)
I could, but I dont want to copy :). I am thinking of something cool to do as a 100k special
NileRed You could grow a crystal copy of the playbutton, w/ copper or iron sulfate. Would be nice to see, but probably also rather difficult to get such a growth mold. You wouldn't copy, and use chemistry for it though. :)
I think something like Alum would be neater to grow, if only because it would be translucent.
@@NileRed Make something with thermite
And now he's at 3 million subscribers! Time flies by.
The shot of the 4 beakers side by side with slight delay was genius! Keep up the great work!
These videos massage all the science-nerd pleasure centers of my brain. Subscribed.
I had no success with acetone either. It looks like malonic acid is really necessary for best results. Unfortunately, malonic acid is a bit expensive and is not everywhere easy to purchase. So, I think it would be great to have a video on the synthesis of malonic acid.
I got very lucky and managed to snag some on ebay for cheap. The prep of malonic acid is not very economical to do at home. Also, you need NaCN for the typical synth, which is harder to get than malonic acid
NileRed I think nurd rage made a Video on NaCN starting from urea.
Tali-bahn I'm not a professional but i'd still not recommend making sodiumcyanide. It's simply not worth risking getting yourself poisoned for something used in metallurgy and making nitriles.
Hello! I've heard some chatter that malonic acid could be made by oxidizing malic acid with bleach, both of which are readily available for cheap. If you would investigate that, it would be great. :)
It isn't difficult to buy in my area. A lot of plastics, polyesters, and resins can be made with it.
NileRed please do continue making such awesome videos. You explain chemistry in a very neat, organized and simple manner. Great job!
Finally I find the Briggs-Rauscher reaction explanation, lot of thanks tou you NileRed
For some reason that remind me the vanadium oxidation reaction, one of the most colorful and unique reaction i ever saw.
Vanadium blue is such a nice color. Wist it were more permanent.
Thanks for this video, your videos are oddly satisfying!
This is a seriously great video! I was familiar with the iodine clock reaction from college but this one is much more interesting. Thank you so much for all the work in outlining the different chemical mechanisms at work. Wonderful job!
I am glad you liked it!
Thanks so much! This is by far the best explanation I found in an entire day of research on this topic
Brilliant explanation! I have read about this reaction before, but it was hard to follow exactly. but now i definitely have a better understanding of how this works.
15:14 The aurora borealis in the first beaker
These videos are utterly fascinating...
I don't know why CZcams recommended this but it was the best 18 minutes of video I've watched in a very long time. Absolutely fascinating. Thank you.
I’m not sure why but your videos are oddly satisfying to watch. This one is pretty darn cool on top of that!
14:19 I'm slowly getting more and more hypnotized to watch all Nile's videos
Pure art, this looks beautifull!
I'm curious about the reaction frequency, I expected it to be constant but from the last 4 beaker experiment it looks like some beakers cycle faster than the others. Does it depend on volumes of ABC? or on proportions (I don't think you're pouring exactly 1:1:1 ratios)?
Very interesting reaction though, and thank you for the non stirred experiment :3 It was exactly what I was hoping for!
I am in love with oscillating reactions since school 🥰 they are so mezmerising to watch. I love it when reactions look beautiful. 😅
It's good to look back and realise how far Nile has come without becoming a reaction channel.
I mean, he technically makes content out of reactions
Very nice. My student did this as a demo and it absolutely stuns the crowd as well as a good learning moment for radicals.
this is awesome, and your are videos too, I love them
I don’t understand anything about anything you’re explaining but for some reason I’ve been addicted to your videos 🌟👌🏼
Been trying to get my organic chemistry professor to let us do this.
chemistry is mental :)
also, I love the explanation of the cleanup process, it's always at the front of my mind when I watch chem vids
It's really nice of you to also include the cleanup afterwards (precautions to disposing)!
It's so pretty, like Van Gogh's Starry Night and Starry Night Over The Rhône! I was able to follow the explanation of the chemical reactions, though I had never encountered radical and non-radical as terms or reactions before.
I was gratified to notice that I had guessed right about what would be causing the color change at the beginning of the video.
I do kinda wish you'd mentioned the changing light wavelengths though. That must also be an interesting chart!
Thank you for setting the solutions up in other beakers at the end! At the last showing, the color in the beakers must have oscillated differently because of the pattern the peroxide solution fell into the other and the patterning remained? It was nice to see those differences side-by-side. The furthest left looked like shibori, though I noticed that the clear bands were tinged slightly at their edge yellow. I wonder how the solutions were mixing to cause such clear banding?! And how they move to get to that point to allow it?!
Cheers, C
That.. was amazing!! I’ve never seen the reaction when it wasn’t being stirred! 🙌
This helped me understand my college chemistry class lab which did this reaction. Thank you nile!!!!
Really, REALLY good explanation. Loved the video
Pretty amazing. I wonder what the reaction would look like in a wide shallow container, such as a cookie sheet.
Very well explained thanks!!!
awesome as always , good job mate
Would be pretty cool to see the change with a high speed camera.
So interesting! Thanks for the video!
Every time i hear "tri-iodide" i think back to ehen my high school chemistry teacher blew up his fume hood with a bit too much ammonia and iodine flakes.
This is literally the best video I've ever seen
Beautifully explained
thanks!
It does look better without stirring! Very nicely explained too! :)
Super awesome. Beautiful stuff.
the best channel. thx so much!!!!
Wow, not seen that before, quite beautiful! 👍
One of the best reactions in chemistry. The theory behind it is very interesting!
+NileRed Love your videos! Some suggestions I have:
* thiocyanate (turns blood red in the presence of iron (III) ions and blue in the presence of cobalt (II) ions)
* chemical chameleon (manganese oxidation state demonstration, although might be a little cliché)
* total synthesis of chlorophyll a
I love this guy, he always helps me fall asleep!
Holy shit that’s the coolest thing I’ve seen in a while
If you were to take a spoonful of it while it's black, would the reaction carry on in that spoon?
Great video Nile!
This is a very interesting video. I like how you easily describe it.
Thanks!
You have a great voice, very sovereign. I actually can't watch a single chemplayer video for the audio reasons. Oh and you explain stuff really well
Thanks! Yeah that is unfortunate about chemplayer. If they used a real voice im sure a lot more people would watch
You make me wish that I had paid more attention to my 10th grade 'intro to chemistry' class. Very cool videos!
Thank you very much for your videos
You're my new Favourite CZcamsr.
The Briggs-Rauscher looks to be extremally similar to Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. Both also use commonly malonic acid, which I do not know why it is the case. The are also both autocatalitic in both competing reactions. The other details are really mostly accidental, like which indicator to use, or which metal catalyst to use. The difference between using bromine vs iodine, also looks very small.
The key understanding is analysis of the kinetics of individual sub-reactions, which can be done quite easily using computer and differential equations.
The most important part is the use of catalyst too.
Despite a lot of progress in last 50 years, and pretty good understanding experimentally and mathematically what is going on, I feel the oscillating reactions and non equilibrium thermodynamics and non linear kinetics, didn't really progress that much.
I love your channel
0:49 At that point in time he didn't know it would become his later profile picture...
the production of oxygen gas at the bottom is what is stiring it, in the larger becher, the effect of the convection was smaller
also the reaction in the first becher when you have 4 running is amazing
Dark, darker yet darker
photon readings negative. This next experiment seems very, very interesting
These perpetually color-changing liquid videos are cool.
My AP Chemistry teacher would do this demonstration every Halloween. He'd tell a story and draw a jack o'lantern face on the beaker in which the reaction was conducted. It would turn orange, like a normal pumpkin, and then dark blue (which looks like black, making the black sharpie drawing on the side disappear), and then back to orange. And he timed it exactly so the color changes would coincide with his story. I'm sure that this took several days of tweaking to make it so predictable that he could practise the story and get his speed matched with the reaction. Also, he managed to prolongue the orange phase of the reaction for WAY longer than is demonstrated here...something like 20-30 seconds. So I guess there's a way to inhibit the formation of the tri-iodide ion for awhile.
That is amazing!
Wow.
man that video was awesome!!!!!!!!
It is the first time I feel that Chemistry can be so much fun after I know about the oscillating process.
NileRed
NurdRage
You need to do a collab called NR2
At least take it chemicaly:
2(NR)
or 2Nr if you do not like the brackets
NR^2 squared
@hypernova N-R-N-R'
YES CALL IT THE AMINO GANG
someone's probably already said this but when i make starch solution i bring DI up to a boil first, take the starch and some DI water and make a paste in like a weigh boat, then slowly add the starch paste to the boil DI water while sturring. You get a really clear solution this way. Until it crashes out after a few days.
love your videos! I just wonder why sometimes the color changes up from the bottom and sometimes down from the top - Very evident in example with 4 beakers
Quite a bazaar reaction!!!
Why is it that in some solutions, solids precipitate when the temperature drops, but for others, they make a supersolution?
ohhh im glad you did a new one I just watched the old one lol
If you follow cooking tutorials, you should heat the water first, then take some out, mix the cornstarch with it, and pour it back in, continuing to stir until it thickens slightly. It should be relatively colorless.
Great ! I am looking forward to watch oxalyl chloride video.
Great video I do love this reaction. Just a suggestion maybe over long reactions like this you could play some royalty free music. Something calming? Just a thought
When u add solution B the concentrate decreases which means the yellow color becomes less obvious,and also u can see the color changes back to a yellow-ish color and it becomes visible in a certain concentration when u add solution C…
Hey Nile, I'd love to see a synthesis of the compound Geosmin. It's that earthy smell after it rains
The precipitate in starch solution is most likely the anti-caking agent (silica - ground sand). Same with table salt. If you try to dissolve it, you'll see insoluble powder.
Wow so beautiful! Something like this would make a kickass lava lamp :) Is there a reaction similar to this where you seal it, and add energy to make it continuous?
It also works in a petri dish :D Your discovery of the changing reaction rates with exposure to air is very similar to BZ. With the BZ reaction, the bromine evaporates, so maybe iodine is doing the same thing here?
I have no training in chemistry and very little training in science. While I can't be sure I understood this explanation, I think I understood it, at least in part.
Overall, I'd say you did a good job explaining. Good enough that I subscribed at least. Though I'm used to getting all of this in an English accent from Periodic videos.
I grow orchids and I've seen all these color changes in some of them. I fertilized too much and with city water. Thanks. Now I have to figure it out and maybe receive one of those science awards for genius.
If you make the solution more viscous, I wonder if that might make the reaction propagate more slowly and create an even more striking effect.
I showed my wife and she said " it changes colour a few times but WHAT THE FUCK IS THAT LITTLE SPINNING WHITE THING!!??"
magnet, for stirring.
there is another spinning magnet under the paper. so it spins around.
It's possible that Bill Smathers is correct about the iodide, but I want to add an additional note about coloring in solution A. I've found that most discoloration in acid solutions comes from dissolved metal contamination. It's possible that combining it with the malonic acid produces colorless metal-malonate complexes. Or maybe I'm overthinking this.
My Friday just got better!!!
Very cool video as always! The pulsing waves at 14:42 (going up in some beakers and down in others) make me think that this reaction could create a similar effect to the Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction if poured in a shallow dish?
They could have used this as a movie trick in Star Trek and could have been one of guinins magic drinks
Oh yes... oh yes.... please do do The Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction!
Lol, You are the Chem Champion Bro, I must admit, Wow! Its amazing how you can get the stir chalk to spin for that long. Straight goods Chem Champion! Your explanation beat many Chem teachers out there too. Thanks! And Cheers. Easy effort. Work Safe and Smart Not Not at all. Lol. Right on.
"My sulfuric acid got a little dirty..."
As it does.... 😊
It's stuff like this that shows just how magical science can appear