OT History: Away from the Medical Model to Current Occupation-Based Practice (Biopsychosocial)

What models influenced OTs history? How did the profession of occupational therapy come to be associated with the medical model? What was the involvement of the AMA and Flexnor Report? Why did it move away and towards a biopsychosocial and occupation-based model? In terms of medical model settings, how are occupational therapy practitioners doing what they hoped to do? What are the challenges they face? Despite the large amount of money that the US spends in healthcare, e.g., in the hospital, are we getting the best outcomes? The data says no. So were OT practitioners right along in their approach to practice through the spirit of promoting engagement in function, activity, and occupation? Found out in this evidence-based video essay with some insights into current practice and to stir up some critical thinking.
Based on the original blog post about the Flexner Report's effects on OT: www.otdude.com/students-and-n...
Kielhofner G. Conceptual foundations of occupational therapy practice. Philadelphia (PA): FA Davis; 2009.
Lohman, H., & Peyton, C. (1997). The influence of conceptual models on work in occupational therapy history. Work, 9(3), 209-219.
Murray, A., Di Tommaso, A., Molineux, M., Young, A., & Power, P. (2021). Contemporary occupational therapy philosophy and practice in hospital settings. Scandinavian journal of occupational therapy, 28(3), 213-224.
Prislin, M., Saultz, J., & Geyman, J. (2010). The generalist disciplines in American medicine one hundred years following the Flexner Report: A case study of unintended consequences and some proposals for post-Flexnerian reform. Academic Medicine, 85, 228-235.
Yerxa EJ. Some implications of occupational therapy’s history for its epistemology, values, and relation to medicine. Am J Occup Ther. 1992;46:79-83.
00:00 Intro
01:07 Medical Model Influences
01:24 Two ways of thinking
02:32 Flexner Report
03:51 Flexner's Influences
04:34 Biopsychosocial
05:03 Medical vs Biomedical
06:00 Occupation-Based
07:11 Away from the Medical
07:59 Current Practice
10:04 Big Takeaway
10:49 Solutions???
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