Alien Biospheres: Part 4 - The Invasion of Land
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- čas přidán 14. 06. 2024
- Our primitive clades are ready to leave the water and colonize the land, and in so doing undergo a bevy of adaptations to specialize for terrestrial life.
Yasunori Kano, Timea P. Neusser, Hiroaki Fukumori, Katharina M. Jörger, Michael Schrödl. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 116, Issue 2, October 2015, Pages 253-259, doi.org/10.1111/bij.12578
All images used are protected under Fair Use for reasons of education.
PATREON: / biblaridion
MAIN DISCORD: / discord
ALIEN BIOSPHERES DISCORD: / discord
0:00 - Land
2:50 - Terrestrial Chemotrophs
6:42 - Chemophytes
11:22 - Lophostomes
17:04 - Osteopods - Věda a technologie
Boy do I want these cute creatures to reach the space age. This is the Spore game we never had.
I want the Osteopods to reach space stage. If it's those shell guys, guess who's gonna break the galactic code.
@@Bacony_Cakes Personally I would love to see both Osteopods and Lophostoma reach a sentient stage where inteligence and occuping different niches keeps them out of too direct competition.
the lostophoma is ugly and disgusting
but it would be fun to see two sentient species like that
specially a very small one in comparison haha, but I believe the osteopods would porbably kill the sentient lostophomas
it's difficult to have more than one sentient species without there being a war to kill each other
@@jvcmarc yeah there might be competition
João Vítor Marcenes i mean that conflict might never emerge too ya never know
You should start representing the land as being red, since on Earth, we represent the land as being green generally because of our vegetation, which is mostly green.
Makes sense, and also what if green algae evolves onto land too?
If you have multiple colours, there must be a reason one of the two isn't completely outcompeting the other. If they are in different geographic regions, you could have different colours depending on the dominant type
@@mennoltvanalten7260 Well, that's true, but on Earth, we have a lot of forests which are very green. Not to mention grass in a lot of plains. Especially when considering places like Europe, green seems to be the dominant color, hence the representing of land as green on maps. From that logic, if on that other planet, plants are mostly red, it would make more sense to represent land as red than as green.
Red "plants" would be neat. It'll be even better, color-wise, if any of them evolve the ability to flower.
@@jaysonklein6018 Red leaves and green flowers; that would be interesting lol
So this planet has spider frogs and turtle squids.
Don't forget the sulfur trees.
@@isaaclowe9214 Ah yes, never forget the sulfur blood trees
Don't forget the slowly growing spongy black mats which sneeze sulfur dust, and smell like rotten eggs and bleed formaldehyde.
Welcome to space where things are different but still follow evolution
@@AceBradMan oh god... that planet smells...
I love these videos! I only have one request. Your life may have reached land now, but that doesn't mean that evolution in the ocean has stopped, please don't forget to keep updating on the ocean as well
Give this comment more likes so he can see it! This is something really important!
I think that the creatures will change the atmospheric and land composition above water. These will eventually dissolve into the ocean, forcing the water creatures to adapt with the changing composition.
Good idea =D
It'd be really cool to keep track of what has evolved so far and the different niches opening up and being effected by others. Each variation should have a name!
No
Don't forget about the roots for the "trees", if they just grow taller without any roots they will tip over. Trees on Earth is also the reason we have earth and soil instead of rocks everywhere.
Edit:
I completely forgot about wind and rain. The wind on this planet will be rather high do to the single continent (mostly black and gray). Rain only started after dust particles entered the atmosphere, that means that fire storms are "rather frequent" in geological terms, it doesn't help that atmospheric humidity is rather high trapping heat.
Also fun fact: trees and plants only use 1-2% of the water they pull from the ground the rest of the water is used to pull water up to the leaves via evaporation.
Fungi also did a lot of the work of turning rock into dirt on our planet.
The Chemophytes will use 0% of the water they pull from the ground...
Maybe. Does the Chemotroph component produce water as a waste product?
Additionally regarding the weather, in animals necks are an additional vulnerable area, so this may be why these animals haven’t evolved necks.
*THE RED ALGAE IS THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CHEMOPHYTA*
Also, can you make a parasitic organism?
That would make sense
He is Focusing on body plans OK. Unless there's a parasitic body plan in his world no organism. unless it is very critical to the evolution of this world. But he, could just to spice it up :) that would be fun.
B2blue Th3b3st Well in the next part he’ll talk about niches and parasites is actually a huge niche filled by both fungi, animals and plants, so it would make sense to appear in the next part
@@matheussandbakk9959 did not know or pay good enough attention. But kknow im more excited.
That could be awesomw
Ya the Fourth Chapter
THE SUN IS NO LONGER A DEADLY LAZER
The sun is a deadly laser! . . . Oh no now its a blanket-
*there’s
Now will you come up here?
Nope can't walk yet
Now there's a blanket
I'm so ready for part 5 already
Slow down, it won’t be done till the end of the century
I am interested in clades as well. One thing: Wouldn't the squidlike organisms on land evolve chitin limbs as well, to reduce energy costs?
Yeah i'm so ready, i was wanting this so much i started drawing my own.
@@the11382 now you say it, yeah wpuldn't they
@@the11382 They are limited my their structural weakness and remain small.
I think the osteopods would probably also simultaeneously evolve their air passages to be more lateral rather than facing towards the ground. Whenenver they lie down, a task important for conserving energy, regulating temperature, hiding in ambush or for safety, it would not be advantageous for their airways to be fully or partially obstructed.
Same, the intake spots would manover to the sides and up to avoid getting clogged by dirt and enabling confortable sleeping. Speaking of, there was no concrete info on if and how sleep is conducted. Do Osteopods sleep on their backs? If so, how do they manage with their eyes pushing to the groud and how they flip back to standing position?
You say that, but it's amphibious, it won't be likely to do much resting on land.
That would be true at first but taking niches further from water as times go on would force them to adjust somehow.
Not always. Arachnids still have their respiratory passages on the bottom of their bodies and they sleep just fine
@@nyxborne1786 Really? That's so weird...
nothing grasps me quite as much as these videos. your videos arent intended to directly teach biology, yet youre a fantastic teacher
He cleverlly hid an evolutionary biology course in the guise of sci-fi writing. Lol.
8:06 It's weird to think about an organism living inside another organism and helping it, but then humans have tons of helpful bacteria living in our digestive system. We literally have more bacteria in our intestines then there are humans on earth, it's so strange to think about.
There are also more non-human cells in us than human ones. Though that might be kinda meaningless given that they're just as important a part of us as our "own" cells.
@@hedgehog3180 not exactly, it varies between slightly more or far less
There are more bacteria in a single human's body than there are animals on Earth
@@hedgehog3180 i mean the non human cells in us our significantly smaller than our human cells
Want another mind fuck? Remember in biology when you learned about mitochondria a d chloroplasts? These structures have their own DNA. The theory is is that billions of years ago, one primitive cell ate another one, but failed to kill and digest it. So this swallowed cell found itself in a cozy enviorment full of the partially digested material the now-host cell ate. So these unintended guests started gorging themselves on this easy source of nutrition and produced tons of ATP ( chemical energy) beyond their needs and 'bled' it into the host cell that ate it giving this cell much more energy than it could produce on its own, and overtime as they didn't need to live autonomously any longer their DNA lost many genes and internal structures that were redundant until they evolved into mitochondria ( or chloroplasts ). Complex cellular life evolved because some cells literally bit off more than they could chew.
I've waited so long for this! What a way to end the year!
100th like 🙃
463rd like
New year, new land
Covid
@@terrorbladesunder2133 Covid
25:10
*Me and the boys taking over the surface world*
crackin' open some sulfur with the boys
It feels like I'm watching a better version of "The Future is Wild"
An actually good one you mean?
Think abaut it - Future is Wild has reptiles outlast mammals in a longer haul. I mean mice bouncing back up is something hard to compete in a mass extinction event for reptiles who are almost exclusively carnivores and use breakable eggs in slow reproductive cycles. Birds I could understand.
He's using the same principles and ideas as the people who made the "The Future is Wild" documentary used... I mean he basically recreated the terrestrial "Megasquid" from the show in his "Lophostoma"... I remember watching the documentary as a kid and thinking it was cool, then years later they made a 3D cgi cartoon of it that was mediocre at best.
I love the premise but I think their execution could have been better.
I'd love a video game where you go through these steps and build more and more complicated organisms and environments over time. Like better spore.
*F L I S H*
@ha wi it is however the same genre of media.
@@TheTruePopeFrancis *S H A R K O P A T H*
The next episode: the rise of Cthulhu, tentaclostoma get so far
They grow up so fast *sniff*.
They become big and then cosmic
"Death by Dissecation" sounds like a cool heavy metal song
I agree, but it's dessecation
@@MisterSketch4 Actually desiccation
@@matheussandbakk9959 Sorry, my bad
Still cool band name though
@@MisterSketch4 Agreed!
where every band member dies at the end of the song.
It is the time spoken of in myth and legend: Alien Biospheres Part 4 has been uploaded
The body leaving the safety of the gametangium for unknown parts is called a “diaspore”. Brilliant.
(As an addendum: perhaps “reddery” instead of “redery”?)
Well, it's a scientific term...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaspore_(botany)
diaspore is a scientific term though but it is cool I guess
I know it may take a long time to do a part of that series but damn, i want the next episode, i want to see how those animals progress, the first land dwelling hunters arrive, the first creature to be airborn tackle the problems of flight etc
I want more fast!
Also its a good series o.o
On the one hand, the gravity isn't as strong so Flight might be a little easier.
On the other, the lifeforms may get bigger before Flight is attempted so it may balance out to being just as hard to do
I like how you kept saying "well there's this thing so if they come on land, they'll ____ and die"
I actually found that part very amusing as well -- especially the emphasis he puts on the word "die." 😄
"Can we go on land?"
"no"
"why not?"
"THE SUN IS A DEADLY LASER"
@Rafael Suprayogi Perhaps some kind of war god that throws "sky lazers". Something like a Lazer Zeus.
Ioan lazeus
the polypods are very scared of russia
Holy gosh I thought it is gonna be the lamest new years of my life and then BAAM new alien biosphere whatever video
THANK YOU BIBLARIDION
This serie is one of the best on CZcams!
The osteopods are super cute honestly. Also I like the look of big red trees everywhere. If I made Fanart of these creatures where could you see it?
eh, i think their kind of ugly, they look sort of like orks, but i would still look at your fan art.
Casual Sleeping Dragon thanks!
Yeah I'd also like to know that, these are clades not species so that gives us a LOT of creative license for fanart.
Basil Schuman indeed. In part 5 he might do some diversity in the clades too
Please let me know when you figure that out. I'd love to see some fan art of these creatures.
I liked my Christmas present but this was better.
Your speculative evolution series is one of my favorite things on youtube. This is the most enticing, comprehensive and helpful guide I've ever seen. Along with your conlanging series, it fuels an immeasurable desire in me to start a gigantic worldbuilding project the likes of which has never been seen before. Incredible!
Its nice coming back to rewatch the series just to see the difference
Best nature worldbuilding project I've seen, makes a fine send-off for the decade. Thanks!
This series is what I wanted Spore to be like
Brilliant. Can't wait for intelligent life. Also how do you create these images? Do you have a 3d model of them and if so how have they been made to look so (comparatively) organic?
Making things look organic isn’t really that hard nowadays
Get this comment likes so they see it, you arent the only person with that question. what program is Biblaridion using to make models like this?
"tentaclostoma maybe the first to come to land"
Me: No No No No!
osteopods: well well well how the turtables
The turns have indeed tabled
Mama mia mama mia.
Mama mia let me go!
Beelzebub has a devil put aside for me...
For me....
For me...
FOR MEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE!
We were rooting for the sessile dudes, but now we're rooting for osteopods.
The poopukers
We need to get this guy 1million subs so we can watch him evolve even more hypothetical ecosystems! I'd love to see what he can come up with for a Europa-like planet with an ice-covered ocean warmed by geothermal energy
prediction: anything that doesn't swim or root itself to the icy shell will develop balloons for legs so as to walk across it. thus once they develop space travel, outer space won't be seen as "up" but as "down".
One thing I'd be interested to see happen in a future episode is to see some of the concurrent branches of each clade. The ones that either didn't make it or are behind the curve as it were. Currently this is giving of the idea that there's only ever one correct way if doing things for each branch, whereas in reality cladistic evolution tries out almost every possible avenue at once.
Maybe a bonus episode or a section of a future episode could delve into these. What are the totally aquatic Acanthopods doing at this time. Are there any significantly dominant predators in these shallow inland water ways that are driving the adaptation of amphibious traits in the Polypods. The Amphistomes also didn't feature, I would have expected many of these the develop into new forms to colonise both the inter tidal zone, like modern bivalves and anemones, and the freshwater lagoons. Also the Polypods that become predators, would they not reduce their extra eyes investing instead into their forward facing eyes for binocular vision. The "plants show three different base forms in this video but the swamps are monocultures of tall trees. Whilst I am aware of the limits of your time and ability, but it feel it should be a priority to keep reminding the casual viewer of the diversity these simple clades will generate.
If I could be so bold, may I suggest that next episode, instead of taking us to the next stage, focus on how this biosphere develops before then moving the clock forward and changing the environment, using that to filter our biosphere in the same way successive extinctions have on earth.
My only fear is that this series will become too linear where things evolve in a constant line of progressive advancement. Rather than the branching tree pattern we see in nature.
Your points are all completely valid. I am very conscious of the fact that the way I'm doing this presents evolution as a sort of directional force rather than the sum of incremental changes over generations. I do this for the sake of simplicity but I am planning to address it at some point. The next episode will discuss how the clades diversify to fill the terrestrial niches and expanding on the cladograms from the last episode.
As for the trees, I freely admit that I didn't have time to make more than 1 design. Their diversity will also be fleshed out more in future videos.
The Red Bacteria reminds me of Mitochondria, the Power House of the cell.
The red algae is the powerhouse of the tree.
That's not too far from reality, the mitochondria was once a bacteria that was taken in by a larger cell and lived symbotically together
arent they more like chloroplasts really?
@@MisterSketch4
Pretty sure chloroplasts are part of plant cells.
MAZE BEAN?
MAZE BEAN.
The Return of The king
the gross king
I love how every time something evolves a trait I recognize I’m like “Yes! Grow little friends, conquer your world just as we have conquered ours!”
This is my favourite series on YT. The visualizations you included were gorgeous.
I suspect the osteopods will become the dinosaurs of their world. The last iteration we have seen already looks like an alien predator.
Hope they branch off into smaller carnivores and when mass extinction destroys the big dudes we get the start of an intelligent species. The tentacle dudes don't have bones, so they'll take the position of insects.
@@Bacony_Cakes that sounds too much like the exact scenario earth experienced but with the extinction of dinosaurs/most large reptiles and a smaller group of mammals becoming intelligent.
@@MisterSketch4 Yeah. Hope they do a Cretaceous.
I'm hoping the Osteopods become more like Sauropods.
And that they roam the land pulling trees in to eat with their super long feeding limbs as they don't really need necks
The ostopod, when a sarcopod says “I want to be a spider!”
Looks more like a beetle to me.
Andres Marrero it’s a land-driven sea pig. A land pig if you will
@@erebusthedragon8017 that's a regular pig to our eyes.
I was searching for a comment like this, the ostopod is literally a spider with a endo-skeleton
This is like one of the best things on CZcams hands down.
watching that little dude die like 4 times in the beginning has had a profound emotional effect on me
Can't wait for part 5. I think it would be interesting to tackle a biome at a time, such as desert equivalents and forest equivalents
If I don't watch your latest videos, I get bored, and die.
I can see the chemical plants taking to the skies to avoid predators and have easy access to food and light with clouds serving for bases of water. They already have the bases for a blimp or balloon like structure. The algae already produces oxygen and the two systems of getting energy via the two organisms can be further combined to produce flammable oxygen and sulfur. The leaves can become like sails to catch the wind and raise to the altitudes of jet streams where they will be safe and be allowed to flourish for a time. What do you think of that Biblaridion?
Sorry dude no one except me replyed that's kinda sad
@@Lumberjack_king it is what is but it seems to have gotten some people's attention which is something.
A long, but worthwhile wait. Can't wait for what's next!
Me wanting to watch this again: * thinks about typing alien biospheres *
Also me: * types alien bioshehers *
I really hope the next part features at least some of the following: Pack hunting, flight, poison/venom, a mass extinction, much larger megafauna, parasitism, primitive tool usage
Osteopods for Primitive Tool Usage 2020.
@@Bacony_Cakes Yea I could totally imagine the legs on the cephalothorax evolving into arms
I don't think he'll cover a mass extinction event or primitive tool usage just yet. since they took years and years to happen irl.
I feel like the there will be "ticks" or "fleas" for the Parasitism
This series is so impossibly cool
What a time to live in. I'm learning so much about how evolution works, which factors in the past shaped life on Earth, and how diffferent we all would be if things went just a little bit different. Things that were impossible to learn outside of studying evolutionary biology just a decade ago, in a video on CZcams.
Can’t tell you how much I have been waiting for this! I love the work you put into it, so I can excuse the long wait, because I would much rather have well done work like this!
I can agree with that.
Quality content over quickly released content
i hope this series blows up, so much thought and work in there and it shows. keep it up
THANK YOU
I have been looking for steps on what to do next while I waited for this video
HELL YEAH NEW EPISODE! LOVE THIS SERIES!
Same
7:11 - the algae and bacteria use pigments other than chlorophyll or bacteriochlorophyll only as additional ones. Chlorophylls or bacteriochlorophylls are always present as main pigments of light reactions of photosynthesis.
For example, plants have chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids; red algae have chlorophyll a and phycobiliproteins; cyanobacteria usually have chlorophyll a, carotenoids and phycocyanin, sometimes also phycoerythrin and some additional chlorophylls. Anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria have several different bacteriochlorophylls.
I CAME AS SOON AS I HEARD. YOU DID IT HAPPY NEW YEAR!!!!!
Ok
i also came as i hears
conlang know yes💜💚
ANGELICAAAAA
Ewww
I love this series.
It is always fascinating to just think about the possibilities in which life could have evolved under different conditions, but to see the whole process and reasons behind certain steps being laid out in such an understandable manner alongside just being able to watch such an ecosystem come to life is just amazing.
You are doing a great job, keep it up!
Shoutout to these new bros for not suffering from death! I am amazed at the level of skill and work youve put into the visuals, and I am so excited for another round of specializations!
Me : This is a scientifically anchored thought experiment in hypothetical and speculative biology.
Also me : Heehoo bone spooder
Would be dope to use a conlang instead of Greek and Latin to name all of these incredible creatures. But anyway, I absolutely love this series, and wish you the best in new year and your work. Cheers, Biblaridion, you're awesome!
This series is the best. Your voice is hypnotic and the science fascinating. I especially like how you stress the repetition of certain evolutions. It really shows how life evolves from a nuts-and-bolts persceptive.
Congratulations, brilliant and beautiful work, really anticipating future episodes. The tone and examples were perfect - not a trace of condescension. Your language was academic, but still practical for the audience. I look forward t-shirts and 3d printed models. Kudos!
Dude, for the love of god, keep with this proyect. It's really amazing an incredible, the fact that you take the time and work to explain the logic and reason of every, the chemystrie behind things, and the cience factor is out of this world (joke). I'll try to watch every video, and I'm already suscribed!.
My man out here giving us the first blessing of the new year
Uploaded 31 December 2019
This is like watching David Attenborough talk about evolution on an alien planet and im here for it. I'm ready for part 5 this is fun to watch
I would like to see the Lophostoma to evolve in two directions. One growing bigger and getting fight defense like horns to ram in the enemy by running in him and in the other direction evolving in getting smaller and hiding from the enemy.
It’s a really great series from you, I really like it 👍. I hope you will make part 5 soon
And?
I’m always looking good forward to more installments of this series! It has such a coherent way of making speculative evolution that it makes me want to get better at blender. Still ironing out the physics of my planet but I may do some case studies in the meanwhile
No one:
Some weird crab things: LAND AHOY!
So amazing. I'd love to make an alien biosphere like this!
same here but i don't have 9 billion years to spare
Doooo it!
bruh i hope my boy the Acanthopodia doesn't get forgotten. i'd love to see great marine predators evolve and terrorize the oceans as great land predators stalk the land
Will we see some of the Osteopods return to the sea? Their skeletons could make them stronger swimmers than their boneless cousins
Ya called it
On my 1st re-watch of the series, this is so profound.
Super glad to see a new episode of this series up :)
It's highly inspirational for my stuff also, can't wait for the next one !
Wait wait wait, did I just discover a comment from the bibites??? On an alien biospheres vid? Le gasp!
Can you put irl animal pictures or a equivalent when you talk about the size of these organisms so its easier to get a grasp on how big these organism are getting?
I’ll admit it, I only watch his channel for these videos
I really wish he’d make more
Same
SAME!, HELL I SUBCRIBED JUST FOR THESE VIDEOS!
same
Same
I subscribed long before, but these videos are the ones I like the most by far
God I hope you continue this series long after we reach a point where early civilization begins. That would be badass.
Osteopod: yall mind if i *S O C I E T Y?*
Red Algae: (symbiotic noise)
I have dreamed about this day , it is finally here.
This is without a doubt my favorite series on CZcams, it's such an interesting topic, and you handle it in a way that is both surprising yet understandable. Keep up the great work! Ps. Happy new year!
Absolutely amazing. I love your videos so much! Your videos have fueled my continued love for speculative evolution. Fascinating.
Those forests look cool, but each tree is only like 2 inches (5 cm) tall, so it would only look like red grass to us.
What a video to introduce me to your channel. I await the next chapter.
This is a better New Year's present than anything I got for Christmas.
Rewatching in preparation for the release of part 15!
Hmm it is an interesting ecology but one issue with Hydrogen sulfide based ecology persisting as an atmospheric constituent is that H_2S and O_2 do not mix with each other as the hydrogen sulfide and diatomic oxygen would react to form sulfates. On Earth this incompatibility meant that sulfur, oxygen and iron based ecologies waged over a billion year long evolutionary arms race/ evolutionary competition before oxygen finally "won" thanks to the assistance of the Neoprotozoic snowball Earth intervals saturating the environment with oxygen and forcing Sulfur and Iron specialists underground or into anoxic waters. It is also worth nothing that there are several types of sulfur based photosynthesis compared to oxygen but that sulfur based respiration and photosynthesis are less energy efficient compared to oxygen or even iron and thus have largely been restricted to a unicellular form. I don't really see a way to overcome this hurdle with sulfur based respiration or even iron as neither of those methods ever evolved multicellular forms likely because the first evidence of multicellular life on Earth comes during and after the snowball Earth episodes of the Paleoprotozoic and Neoprotozoic with the Paleoprotozoic having been a separate evolutionary dead end doomed by the decline of oxygen after 1.8 Gya. It is now thought that multicellularity may have evolved in response to aerobic life adapting to live within the meltwater inside the equatorial ice sheets.
The mentioned diaphragm it should be noted is unique to the synapsids as sauropsids have a different respiratory system with varying degrees of air sacks in their lungs providing the pumping in a way that enables a one way respiratory pathway within Archosaurs such as crocodiles and birds and their extinct relatives. Both are active respiratory systems that share a common evolutionary origin but they function quite differently with the system of Archosaurs being metabolically superior due to needing less muscle contractions ensuring that archosaurs would take over active diurnal terrestrial vertebrate niches by the end of the Triassic .
A major distinction regarding the value of shells and bones which was missed is that from the fossil record we know that structural support was a happy accident compared to the original functions of mineralization of body tissues being the ability to store the precious metal ions needed to power muscle and neuron activity. Lacking these mineral stores possessed by all extant animals your creatures will not be able to use muscles nerves or other forms of cellular communication related pathways. This is an extremely important role metabolically which is why many venom's and poisons target these ion pathways. I should note this also plays an essential role in all Eukaryotes plants animals and fungi included and most if not all prokaryotes as well. Missing this pathway feature unicellular coordination yet alone multicellularity could not evolve as we know it. Calcium is the metal of choice within vertebrates and this is why it is the primary constituent of bone which was secondarily co-opted for structural purposes. By removing these metals from your "animals" they would not be able to coordinate between cells and thus would die very very quickly once no longer surrounded by water rich in dissolved minerals. The animals which successfully came to land were those which internalized the mineral storage roles of their anatomy which for vertebrates literally became our internal skeleton.
This will be a huge problem with the direction you took the Lophostomes as you go rid of their mineral storage capabilities without placing them elsewhere in their bodies. For reference terrestrial arthropods mostly have biomineralized their muscle attachments, their exoskeleton(Myriapods) or store the minerals within the hemolymph(Insects) the fluid analogous to blood except without the gas exchange components in exchange for mineral storage).
Well those are the outlying flaws I found which along with the unaddressed flaw in Part 3 related to the lack of evolving a through gut among the ancestors of the Lophostomes as IRL that had occurred many many times among various animal lineages.
I confess chemistry is not my forte, so it’s very likely the atmosphere as I’ve constructed it is infeasible. I’ll be discussing further changes in atmospheric composition in future episodes. I was wary of how relatively little energy chemosynthesis would provide, which is one reason I was reticent to have the chemotrophs develop into macroscopic organisms without the extra energy supplied by the algal symbiotes.
Regarding the “vertebrate diaphragm”, that was just me misspeaking, just like how at 21:21 I mistakenly wrote that vertebrate bones are made of calcium carbonate instead of calcium phosphate.
I would imagine the lophostomes and osteopods would develop internal mineral stores separate from the skeleton. Specifically with the lophostomes, I cut out a section where I talked about how they shed their shells as they grow, much like arthropods, and shedding a mineralized shell would be a huge waste of mineral storage, so the mineral component would be internalized (this will also be touched on in the next episode).
As for the lophostomes developing a through-gut, I don’t think I properly grasped how frequently through-guts have evolved from blind-guts, so I didn’t think of it as an inevitability. I may well have the lophostomes develop a through-gut in a future episode.
This is so interesting! Keep it up!
This series is so informative. Things that were never taught to me suddenly make so much sense from these explanations, like why plants grew on land before animals and why insects could be larger with more oxygen in the atmosphere.
This is a truly amazing project. The effort put is astonishing. Congratulations. Can’t wait for the explosion of terrestrial life.
Even do it was a year ago i still watch these Old videos i just love them
This is an excellent series. Thank you
Please continue this series, it’s fascinating!
Wow, just encountered this series, and it's so good! The next 2 months will be a really long wait...
I am simultaneously fascinated and horrified by these creatures. Great work!
This I’d one of my favorite CZcams series rn 😍
I'm super keen for part 5, maybe even a part 6 where a dominant body plan is chosen and evolves to become sentient!
there's no such thing as a "dominant" body plan. from an evolutionary standpoint, intelligence is just another useful trait, and is not required to occur in conjunction with any other phsyical trait aside form manipulative organs.
Let's imagine that humans all vanish tomorrow night. after the environment recovers from the exploding reactors and crashing satellites that occur due to lack of maintenance, the animal most readily equipped to take up the niche humans left is, to my knowledge, the elephant. Using the tactics of Bibliboaroid (or however it's spelled) himself, lets try to imagine how they might evolve. elephants actually have an extremely inefficient digestive process, so let's imagine that they get this fixed somehow. this is great, becausethey can now afford the additional energy consumption created by a slightly more intelligent brain (despite taking up only 2% of your biomass, oyur brain takes up 20% of your oxygen intake). Okay, that's your smarter elephant. However, it still only has two fingers, will make fashioning a spear difficult. so let's imagine that their trunks bifurcate and that the lower skin flap on each trunk separates and extends into fine tentacles like on a star nosed mole. and there you have it.
These videos read like text books and I love it
Wouldn't the squidlike organisms on land evolve chitin limbs as well, to reduce energy costs?
They'd have to molt, though.
@@jaysonklein6018 he means internally, like an endoskeleton...
Can i just say that these 3d renders are giving me a real "90s Edutainment Game" vibe, but like, in a really good way where i feel like i am LEARNING
I have really enjoyed this series so far. Keep em coming!
Just in time for the end of Wallace 2 submissions
I had a lot of ideas for wallace two, but i couldn't submit for some reason.
Someone should name a planet after Charles Lyell who developed his own theory of evolution independently of Darwin but published it shortly after Darwin did.
15:14 we did it boys... we made
s p a c e f r o g s
This process seems like a really cool project for a biology class
*likes then watches*
OMG I DID THAT🤣🤣