DIY Hard Drive RAID Enclosure for 8 Drives, 3U Rack Mountable
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- čas přidán 2. 06. 2024
- #raid #array #diskarray #enclosure #server #servercase #nas #networkstorage
I this video I made an aluminium disk array enclosure with no welding for 8 SATA drives. It has a mini ITX motherboard with an Intel CPU and as a power source is used a toroidal transformer. The enclosure has size 3U and is rack 19" mountable.
I've had several power switching supplies burn out in the past, so I decided to build my own using a toroidal transformer. This power source has less efficiency but should last much longer than a standard PSU.
The ATX PSU on the video is rated to only about 120 watts and by design there was only one molex connector included (to power one hard drive only) so I think the PSU 5V (and probably also the 12V) line would not be sufficient. That's why I added DC-DC converter to 12V and also a two separated DC-DC converters to split 5V lines into two (I did not have just one more powerful). And then I used the relay to switch-on the 12V line which is also an input to the 5V DC-DC converter.
The connection:
The 17V from the transformer is going to the rectifier (with 3 capacitors 35V), from the rectifier to the DC-DC 12V converter and paralelly to the ATX converter (12V to ATX power unit). The DC-DC 5V 5A converter is powered from the DC-DC 12V 20A converter. The relay is feeding the drives only (12V and 5V lines are taken from the DC-DC converters) and the signal for the relay to switch on is taken from the 12V line on the ATX converter (the line is live after the mainboard is powered on).
Components:
1x mini ITX motherboard
1x Intel i3-9300 CPU
1x DDR4 memory module
1x PCI Express SATA 8 port expansion card
1x toroidal transformer with 17V output
1x ATX voltage converter (12V to ATX lines)
1x DC-DC 20A voltage converter (adjusted to 12V output)
2x DC-DC 5A voltage converter (adjusted to 5V output)
1x 35A rectifier (KBPC3510)
3x capacitors 10 000uF, 35V
2x metal buttons with LEDs
2x LEDs with metal brackets
8x SATA cables combined with SATA power
2x 120mm fans
00:00 Cutting aluminium profiles
01:39 Completing the profiles
10:15 Top and bottom done, measuring drive height
11:12 Fitting the locking mechanism of the drives
13:43 Installing a stopper for the drives
14:11 Installing the motherboard
15:58 Installing the CPU
16:54 Installing the memory
17:08 Installing the PCIe expansion card
18:03 Installing the ATX voltage converter
18:42 Installing the DC-DC 20A 12V voltage converter
19:05 Installing the rectifier
19:48 Installing the DC-DC 5A 5V voltage converter
19:53 Installing the toroidal transformer
21:45 Creating the front panel cover
27:32 Installing the main power connector
28:23 Installing SATA cables
29:58 Installing the DC relay
30:25 Connecting and managing all wires
31:29 Installing the front panel
32:13 Connecting SATA cables
32:52 Installing FANs
34:03 Installing the disk drives
36:50 Putting disk drive to the case
36:11 Final product demo - Věda a technologie
I am surprised that you didn't DiY the soldering iron and the wrench too... :-)
One HELL of a DiY build! Well done!
Why is this so relaxing to me? 😌
Killer Sick build. Loving that diy case.
Subscribed. More of this type of stuff please
It is an amazing build! And the cinematography! Just my two cents - consider raid6 instead for safety sake
Thank you for the comment. If I would have all the 8 drives the same, I would stick to RAID6.
Nicely done!
Amazing amazing build, my only concern would be the only Gigabit Ethernet Port, it would definitely be a bottleneck for the data transfer rate. But incredible work
Good job 👍
Beautiful!
For next time i would recommend as an HBA to use one of the well known LSI SAS cards in IT mode. And try to build a high frequency switching power supply with a small coil in the space of the big toroid transformer. The metalwork is beautiful, but esp. your self-built backplane cable fitting is getting the seal of approval courtesy of the street computing foundation. Best backplane I've ever seen.
YES! Some time ago I started planning a 3u case to order cut sheet metal for, but decided I'll put one together sometime. This is the kind of content I was looking for
you deserve a thumbs up and a subscriber
excellent work. 1000st like for you
Very impressive build - thanks for sharing!
well done!!
Nice!
19:34 This is not the way treadlocker works xD
Nice project anyway.
Thank you for the comment. I agree. When I am putting bolts on my car I am using the thread locker the right way of course. This time I was too lazy to take the nut down again.
Amazing Work! Congrats for precision! Well done. In the future you can do another NAS with SSD disks or NVME (less eletric power needed).
Thank you for comment. Yes, I am actually thinking to create similar desing (2.5" enclosures) but put more than one M.2 SSD into each other.
This is exactly what I want , and you have made it. Very well done.
However, using SAS to SATA is better than SATA to SATA. I think
Very nice build but why did you use caddies? As you're obviously good with metal work, with some kind of spring in the enclosure you could get ride of them.
Very nice build ! Wondering why you didnt use an sfx psu ? For space constraints ? Thanks
Thank you for the comment. I've had several power switching supplies burn out in the past (even the Fortron), so I decided to build my own - I know that the efficiency is low but this one should last much longer.
Pěkná práce. Již málo lidí je schopno něco takového realizovat. Nedávno jsem si také upravoval můj server do Racku19". Osobně jsem použil již hotovou krabici 3P neb obsahovala 8 pozic pro disky s HotSwap rámečky a 2 pozice pro 5.25", kde mám také disky. Cenově to vychází asi stejně jen je s tím míň práce.
Ke tvému řešení bych měl jednu poznámku. Píšeš, že za můstkem máš kondenzátory na 25V, což je krutě málo neb předpokládám, že napětí po usměrnění se bude pohybovat někde v rozmezí 25-28V při zátěži (bez zátěže to může jít dost přes 30V). Rozhodně bych doporučil minimálně na 35V, ale spíše 50V.
Jinak ať to dlouho slouží a kutění zdar.
Díky za komentář. Snažil jsem se někde sehnat hotovou krabici do rack 19", ale marně. Navíc jsem měl hromadu diskových rámečků s diskových polí HP (obě varianty ve videu), takže jsem se rozhodl je použít. Někteří sem píšou komentáře, že používám shit komponenty, navíc jsem měl použít HBA kartu, ale účelem tohoto projektu bylo vytvořit pole na bázi Linux mdadm, kdy můžu pole sestavit na jiném PC v případě, že tady komponenty vyhoří (již se mi v minulosti stalo) a hlavně i tak je to výkonem i možnostmi úplně jinde než nějaký Qnap za podobnou nebo vyšší cenu. Kondíky 25V jsou opravdu málo, rozhodoval jsem se, zda je tam dát. Jiné jsem doma neměl a plánuju je vyměnit, jakmile stroj půjde do ostrého provozu. Shořet může cokoli a to je taky důvodem, proč jsem do toho nestrčil spínaný zdroj, ale vyrobil si vlastní.
@@madeincr Já to znám. Kolikrát jsem také stavěl něco, co se dalo sehnat, jen proto, že jsem měl většinu doma a tak jsem to mohl využít. Proto rád vidím, když si někdo něco vyrobí sám i když to nemusí být finančně na první pohled výhodné.
K těm čínským měničům jsem se nevyjadřoval neb je občas sám použiju a pokud se zbytečně nezatíží jsou celkem funkční a je zbytečné si dělat nějaké iluze, že něco dražšího bude kvalitnější.
very, very nice job : WONDERFUL
Very nice workmanship on the build!
How much does aluminum cost per pound in the Czech Republic?
Thank you for the comment. These L shapes cost 160 CZK / 1kg, 1kg = 2.2lbs, that means 73 CZK / 1lbs (2.95 EUR / 1lbs, 2.52 GBP / 1lbs). It's twice as expensive as 2 years ago.
good
Nice! Kudos for the back plane 👍How did you power those drives?
I presume from those 12V and 5V step down converters? Is the relay used for staggered spinup for the 8 drives in some way? By which signal is the relay controlled? Any stability issues using those step-down converters?
Thank you for the comment. Yes, all drives are powered from 12V and 5V step down converters. The ATX PSU is not strong enough to power 8 drives so the relay is used to power the drives from the converters directly. Signal for the relay is taken from the 12V line on the ATX PSU. No stability issues.
@@madeincr Ok, nice to know this can work! 👍
dayum, fancy AF, love the vids keep up the good work
Slant the drives and make it a 2U case.
This is really awesome. Aren’t you scared with this exposed PSU components? also is there a reason you didn’t go for HPA instead of the sata pci? The HPA with sas to sata cables are much more slimmer and less noisy
Thank you for commnet. The device will be installed in a rack so no reason to put hands on a dangerous spot. I know the benefits of a HBA card with SAS interfaces but these cards are not so cheap as the PCIe card in the project, I also want to stick to Linux software raid (I can reassemble the raid on a different device if the current components would fail - you cannot do this with hardware raid on HBA), also the disk I/O is fine with this PCIe to SATA - actually the troughput is much higher than on some Qnap or Synology, especially over SSH and NFS. The purpose of this project was to replace my current Qnap and make cheaper but more powerful device.
@@madeincr Hi, Thanks for the reply. the HBA card doesn't mean a hardware raid, if they are in IT mode, they get exposed as regular sata disks. =)
Великолепно и бесподобно!!!
Спасибо.
Preco si pouzil i3-9300 ked ma TDP 63W a musi byt chladena? Uplne by stacil N100.
Díky za komentář. V době nákupu komponent pro tento projekt Intel N100 ještě neexistoval. Navíc jsem chtěl stavět na vyšším výkonu (používám tam LXC kontejnery). Na předchozím hardware pro diskové pole jsem měl Intel Atom a výkon byl tristní a hlavně co se týká výkonu šifrování a komunikace na zabezpečeném kanálu oběcně - SSH, apod.
Very impressive!
ty vago, hezka prace, muzu se zeptat na kolik ti to cely vyslo, krome disku a tveho casu plz? ;-) / Holy moly, good job, can I ask plz, how much you spent for everything, except HDDs and your time?
Nazdárek, díky za koment. Přesně to spočítáno nemám, 8 port SATA karta stála něco kolem 800 CZK, trafo 900 CZK, ATX měnič asi 200 CZK, ostatní měniče ani nepočítám, to jsou věci, co mám běžně doma (malý 5A je do 50 CZK a ten větší cca 130 CZK), další komponenty podle toho, co potřebuješ za výkon a výbavu - mini ITX deska dnes stojí kolem 1500 CZK, procesor a RAM je na tobě, co vybereš. SATA kabely jsem sehnal na eBay, cenu už nevím. Hliníkový profily byly tuším kolem 700 CZK - objednávám z ehlinik-cz (Pardubice). Každopádně to vyjde levněji než Qnap / Synology pro stejný počet disků a výkonově je to někde úplně jinde, běží na tom Linux a RAID je softwarový (mdadm). Cpát do toho HBA kartu (jak tady někteří píší) a hrát si s hardwarovým RAIDem nemá smysl vzhledem k účelu použití, taky by to zvedlo spotřebu elektřiny. Důvodem, proč jsem neosadil spínaný zdroj, ale vyrobill vlastní je špatná zkušenost s nimi pokud jedou 24/7, už mi jich pár shořelo (Fortron šel na smrt taky), tenhle toroid v kombinaci s těmi měniči si bude povrkávat hodně dlouho.
Super, normálně bych si časem chtěl udělat taky něco svého, mám synology s 2x4tb v raidu 1 (myslím, zrcadlení) a už by to chtělo náhradu, a chtěl bych něco 4 diskového, s 2x data, 2x zrcadlení, co třeba podobný projekt ale normálně jako case, a ne do racku, 99 procent lidí rack doma nemá :). Jinak ještě jednou super video 😮
Já používám racky jako case :-). Když u té skříně z videa neosadíš rackové uši, máš z toho v podstatě desktopovou verzi, jen by sis musel víc pohrát s horní stranou, kde jsou vidět ty šroubky pro každou diskovou šachtu a nevypadá to hezky. V racku to vidět není.
@@madeincr jj, je mi to jasne, ja jen, ze by ti to prineslo o dost vice zhlednuti ;-)
Very nice job.
Oooooh Weeeee, that back plane for the drives are so awesome!!! great build!!!
Good job!
What a wonderful project. It is built like a tank, and everything can be made and replaced with simple and common tools! Thank you for sharing. You inspired me to try and make my own case design one day. I will use methods similar to what you did.
The only part I don't understand: it looks to me that you used a DC-DC ATX PSU, so you used the rectifier, transformer and step down converter to convert mains into DC input for the ATX. Why did you need the other smaller DC-DC converters and relay then? Was the ATX PSU not strong enough to power all drives, so you decided to power them separately?
Thank you for your comment. I am glad that you like the project. Regarding to the power source - it is exactly as you wrote: the ATX PSU is rated to only about 120 watts and by design there was only one molex connector included (to power one hard drive only) so I think the PSU 5V (and probably also the 12V) line would not be sufficient. That's why I added DC-DC converter to 12V and also a two separated DC-DC converters to split 5V lines into two (I did not have just one more powerful). And then I used the relay to switch-on the 12V line which is also an input to the 5V DC-DC converter. All converters are now loaded up to max 40% and should last long time.
Very good, congratulations, is it possible to sell the aluminum materials already finished on AliExpress?
Thank you for the comment. There are some aluminium profiles on Aliexpres including the L shape ones, but you have to cut them by yourself. You can try to find them also on your local hardware store.
@@madeincr Ok, and the measurements how can I get this information, and also the description of the components?
хорошая работа / dobrá práce
you should demo the final result RAID Enclosure, then start the building process
Thank you for the comment. I agree with that, next time will do.
Excellent work, but strong vibration from hard drives does not allow installation in a room with people.
"LThank yopu for the comment. This case is designed for a 19" rack, so I am not expecting people in that room. The disk enclosures I used here (HP EVA) have metal silent blocks, they are catching the vibrations satisfactorily.
This is real DIY, awesome project! Did you measure the power draw and power efficiency compared to an off the shelf ATX PSU?
Thank you for the comment. I did not measure the power draw yet, will do that and it will be in the description of the video. I am expecting a low power draw by the mainboard because it is a Intel H310 chipset. I have similar mainboard in other project and it is drawing 8 watts at iddle. I did not measute the power efficiency because durability is a more important factor for me. Theoretically the efficiency of an toroidal transformer can reach 90%.
Nice if you have too much time.
I prefer to buy this used but cheap from ebay.
Thank you for the comment. I was searching for some on eBay but no one did meet my requirements. So I decided to DIY and this one taked a lot of time, that's true.
@@madeincr i know, i am a metal diy hobbyist, i like building such things .. but yours looks definitely cooler than mine from ebay 😉
サムネがドリフのコントのセットに見えたわｗ
Nice. Where did you get the sata/power adapters?
I got them from eBay from some Chinese seller. It was hard to find.
Nice. But drilling without support, while holding the piece in your hand... Not safe
Thank you for the comment. Hope I will have a nice workshop one day with a large stand drill.
Very nice build. Love it!. I´m just wondering why you build the psu yourself?
Thank you for your comment. Power switching supply has more efficiency but has limited lifetime. I've had several power switching supplies burn out in the past, so I decided to build my own which I believe will last longer. It is a conventional transformer combined with a simple step down converter.
Very interesting, I haven't seen this before.
It was mostly a calsica with a PSU, but a toroidal transformer with dc to dc converters in combination was a great idea.
My question to you?
Can this procedure also be applied to a NAS device with a couple of hard disks?
Let's say from 2 to 4 in a row.
Accordingly, a scheme for such a device with a toroidal transformer, it would be nice if you could give us a link or a picture of its connection.
I wish you all the best and more unique videos like this.
Bravo!!
Thank you for your comment. Yes, this type of power source can be applied also for a NAS. I have 2 NAS devices (Qnap) and the original switching power supply burned out after about 3 years on both devices. Then I built a toroidal transformer power source with a DC step down converter and both devices are running till now for about 9 years. Even a quality PSU (Fortron) burned out on my server after 10 years. The connection in this video is simple: The 17V from the transformer is going to the rectifier (with 3 capacitors 25V), from the rectifier to the DC-DC 12V converter and paralelly to the ATX converter (12V to ATX power unit). The DC-DC 5V converter is powered from the DC-DC 12V converter. The relay is feeding the drives only (12V and 5V lines are taken from the DC-DC converters) and the signal for the relay to switch on is taken from the 12V line on the ATX converter (the line is live after the mainboard is powered on).
@@madeincr The DC-DC converters are all switching type.
if you have CAD files, upload them somewhere
Co takhle nějakou desktopovou pro 4-5 disků a mitx desku :-)
Díky za komentář. Jasně, disky by tím pádem mohly být naležato (pátý nad ventilátorem procesoru) a celkově bysme se asi vešli i do menších rozměrů.
конденсатор 15000мкФ х 35в ???
Спасибо за комментарий. 3 конденсатора 10000 мкФ 35 В. Во-первых, для лучшей стабильности блока питания, а во-вторых, для более длительного срока службы - выход из строя одного или двух конденсаторов не повлияет на работу блока питания.
@@madeincr замечательно
Somebody has an aluminium fetish ! Nice job, very impressive.
Please conection diagram
120x120 cm FAN😂
LOL, thanks for the mention.
No mexico atte.jupiter
A normal PSU no? HBA card? Overengineer case and shit components, lol. All this work for this many disks when you could use 2x16TB drives on a generic small enclosure desktop pc.
Thank you for the comment. Normal switching power supply will burn out in a couple of years. I want a power source which will last long time, I do not have time to solve problems with failed PSU in the midnight on a device with all my data. The purpose of this project is to create a more powerful, reliable and usable (Linux OS) device than a conventional NAS such as Qnap. Why should I use 16TB drives which will go down in performance when allocated by data because of more hard drive platters used in it? I also want to stick to software RAID (Linux mdadm) that's why I did not use HBA or any hardware RAID card - if the components will burn out I can reassemle the RAID on a different device. I know the benefits of HBA and what a real RAID is but this was not the purpose of this project.
Toroid transformer to rectifier to buck converter to DC-DC ATX PSU... You know 80+ ratings, that setup warrants the invention of an 80 minus rating for inefficiency.
Thank you for the comment. Yeah, exactly as you wrote. But the priority in this project is not the efficiency but the lifespan. I've had several power switching supplies burn out in the past (Qnap, even the Fortron) so I am expecting that this supply will last much longer.
This video is sponsored by DeWalt 😀
:-)
I think was better put a real power suply on this
Thank you for your comment. That way would be faster, but my experience with power switching supplies is not good. Ever a quality (Fortron) PSU burned out after 10 years of running time. The toroidal based power source should last much longer, especially if you are powering a storage device like this running 24/7 with all your data.
This is way to big for 8 drives, nearly half the thing is the computer, nas form factor allows for computer and 8 disk in smaller volume
Thank you for your comment. NAS is limiting you by its operating system and computing power. In this project there is a Linux on the system disk and you can install and do with the system anything you want. This is one of the pros of this project. Other thing is the price - this build is way cheaper.
To be fair the title does say 9 drives for a 3U rack that’s mountable, not a 8 bay NASE enclosure.