"High explosives" doesn't just mean "bigger boom"
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- čas přidán 28. 03. 2021
- I didn't even realise that "low explosives" were a thing; let's talk about deflagration, detonation, and how high explosives can actually be safer. • Thanks to Steve from Live Action FX!
Filmed safely: www.tomscott.com/safe/
Camera: Simon Temple templefreelance.co.uk
Edited by Michelle Martin: / mrsmmartin
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Steve is extremely qualified as an explosives engineer, but thankfully after what he says here, not as a firefighter.
That's good to hear.
HOW IS IT FROM TWO WEEKS AGO
2 weeks ago...
mr time traveler
How did you comment 2 weeks ago
Go pro stuck the landing
Yes it did
If landing on its back is sticking it, yes.
@Dyslexic Mitochodria I was curious about ur username so clicked on ur profile. Your channeI is a hidden gem bro
I have a feeling this will be the third most liked comment on this video
Your videos are awesome btw
Damn
Why does the high explosive look so delicious
Because its Is Delicious.
You Can Literally Taste It. But Once Only. Which Is Spectacular.
Snap, Crackle and KABOOM!
i have other questions
not gonna get a free like
Do you also think play dough looks delicious?
Can we take a moment to appreciate a GoPro standing literally an arm's length away from 40g of Semtex going off and just doing some nifty backflips? It's incredible how tough they have become.
I was thinking that.
No. The force is dissipated in all directions. It has to be channelled in one way or the other. So the amount of force the gopro actually has to withstand is not as much as it looks. Film that same scenario underwater and it might end very different.
How do you know that's Semtex?
labeled on the screen corner. semtex.
@@Alphonselle Cool
Fun fact: Semtex and boot sole checking were both invented in the Czechoslovakian Republic, the boot sole checking because someone tried to pass SEMTEX through airport security
There is also a Drink called Semtex in the czech republic.
I feel like this series is going to end with Tom Scott standing underneath parliament saying "now we've covered all of that"
The last ride of Mad Cap'n Tom!
Anyone recall the long-lasting graffiti on a motorway bridge? "Where are you, Guy Fawkes, now that we need you?"
Tom Scott would be a great anti-hero
James Burke meets Tom Scott? Yes, Please.
Wait, Tom is irish?
Tom Scott: "You know what's a good socially distanced safe activity to make a video of? Blowing up the English countryside."
Tom Scott: "I need a thing I can do a video about while safely following Covid-19 protocols of staying at least 6 feet apart from my subject."
Tom Scott: "*Googles 'Safe distance from high explosive devices'*"
Thats the germans favorite activity
*_nods in German_*
Very Irish of him
rule of thumb for social distancing: assume that any other person could violently explode
EOD tech here. I'm so glad you qualified that. Side note: whilst secondary explosives are generally safer and more powerful, if they do catch fire and become contained it can lead from deflagration to detonation. This is where they burn, but the containment results in that runaway energy propagation where the gas isn't released fast enough. If it burns hard and fast enough, the positive feedback loop builds enough energy to generate a shockwave and it detonates.
BTW explosives make me very happy.
@@TheFirstHarbinger said the EOD tech, predictably.
Beirut?
@@scrappydoo7887 Exactly. That was poorly stored, contaminated ammonium nitrate. So safe it's not even really considered an explosive under most circumstances. But with enough heat, containment and a positive feedback loop it can detonate.
@@TheFirstHarbinger Well you also have the genius who thinks breaking up clumped up ammonium nitrate with dynamite is a good idea...
It's worth mentioning that modern smokeless gunpowder is a low explosive and that's why barrel lengths matter with firearms, cause as long as there is propellant to burn the bullet will continue to accelerate to a point, and the brass case expands to keep the gasses contained while it burns. That's actually where I learned the difference, interesting stuff
Yes and no, barrel length does matter a lot, but usually all of the propellant is burned after 4 to 10 inches of bullet travel(in a rifle), but it still accelerates as long as the pressure from the back is greater than the barrels friction trying to slow down the bullet.
@testicular Both high and low explosives produce gasses, the key difference is in the speed. High explosives react so fast that the air "can't move out of the way in time" and you get a pressure wave even in open air. Guns use low explosives because they want the explosive to propel the bullet, rather than blowing the gun to bits.
Maybe worth pointing out that "modern smokeless gunpowder" is actually cordite, a different low explosive.
@testicular low explosives deflagrate. high explosives detonate.
Both produce gas, but deflagration propagates through the heat of combustion while detonation propagates through a shockwave.
It's also worth noting that some materials can exhibit both behaviors, depending on the circumstances. A mixture of gasoline and air, given high enough pressure and temperature, can detonate via a shockwave, rather than burning in a flame front like normal. I was going to say this was because gasoline is a big soup of all sorts of chemicals with different properties. This is true! But, gaseous hydrogen is about as pure an element as you can imagine, and even serious experts can have trouble predicting whether hydrogen will go "womp" or "bang".
Tom has finally figured out how to perfect CZcams: just make videos with explosions
😂
Indeed.
May I say: Explode the CZcams algorithm
@@mattearenzi8972 Or Is It?
And garlic bread.
"High explosives won't go off ... unless you want them to." Although this depends on the explosive: nitroglycerine in particular is *notorious* for going off simply by dropping it.
Then there id NI3. You don't even have to drop that sht. It makes dandy fly paper. Flies light on it and it blows their little sses off.
@@jackiemowery5243 my dad and his friend used to make it in the 60s, I think they stopped after his friend lost a finger.
Then there is NCl3, it's like NI3 but it even explodes when it is wet.
@@Pyrokatze Hmmm . . . How do you make that? NI3 uses ammonia and iodine, ammonia and bleach just produces Cl2 gas. Bubble Cl2 thru ammonia? "Remember, Kids, don't try this at home! We're professionals. "
Nitroglycerine isn’t as sensitive as people make it out to be. Yes it will go off if struck by a hammer, but it *can* also not go off when struck by a hammer. It requires a surprising amount of energy to detonate the stuff, to the point where dynamite (Sawdust or some other inert absorbant substance soaked in nitroglycerine) is often detonated using a blasting cap, much like the semtex in this video.
For those who may be wondering, "6,000 to 9,000 m/s" roughly equates to Mach 17 to Mach 26 (at sea level in standard temperature and pressure). To put that in perspective, the "High Hypersonic" speed regime is considered to start at Mach 10, and "Reentry speed" starts at Mach 25.
“In fact, you’re actually allowed to have 50 kilos of high explosives in your car.”
That’s what my recruiter told me.
Gerry Adams liked this comment.
I suspect that is assuming you have all the other permits and licenses for them. And, as was said in the video, you keep your detonators in another car, and that car has to be marked.
Welcome to the no fly list. At least you got that car to travel with!
I have a feeling 50 kgs would be enough for most purposes.......
IRA will use this as an instructional video 😂
I like how unlike the thousands of "don't try this at home" warnings we see on youtube videos of people doing stupid stuff, you actually hired an expert.
Just be glad that the people on CZcams doing stupid stuff don't have access to high explosives :).
@@ninjafruitchilled or low explosives
@@ninjafruitchilled missed opportunity to say `low explosives` here! Sure less powerful but so much easier to screw up!
@@metropolis10 Haha thing is that they do seem to be able to get their hands on low explosives ;).
@@ninjafruitchilled so they got an electric car, electric mower and owns nothing that runs on diesel, gas or anything like that?
Got it
I remember in the Gulf War the Marines let me absolutely vaporize a metal oil drum with a pound of C-4 (via detonator). They they showed me how you could take a piece of C-4, light it with a match, and use it to heat a cup of water. Mind-blowing.
I hope the C-4 isn't what was mind blowing
For those wondering, the tool that explosives engineer Stephen Miller uses to cut semtex is a Leatherman Pulse.
An example of what Tom's talking about at the start: it took me years to realise 'massive' has the word 'mass' in it - having a lot of mass.
Yup, in fact massive things don't need to be big. In astronomy, there are things called Weakly Interacting Massive Particles and MAssive Compact Halo Objects. (Yes, WIMPs and MACHOs.) The fact that something can be massive *and* compact would be an oxymoron in lay English.
Also, in science, periodically and frequently mean the same thing - with a fixed period or a fixed frequency. But in lay terms, one means rarely and the other means often.
My ex would correct me, noting that a particular thing that I called massive was actually just voluminous (but lightweight).
And my french teacher pointed out that ‘breakfast’ is the breaking of the fast (that you’ve been doing while sleeping) I felt real dumb after hearing that one.
i thought R163a1 was the biggest star, because it was the most massive star, but when i compared it to stephenson-18 which is the biggest star (for now). I was really confused as why the most massive star is small compared to the biggest star.
@@andymcl92 Nah, I've never seen "periodically" being used to mean "rarely" _or_ "often".
It just means "with set intervals" to everyone. People who think otherwise aren't laymen, they're just wrong.
Tom's recent videos during lockdown have been about pieces of land (and villages) disappearing and now, two on explosives.
What are you planning, Tom? Also, are you recruiting?
Don't forget him learning to use a jetpack.
I also want in on this militia
Sark better watch out. The football is just a decoy
Looks like the AI didn't just give him video ideas...
I hope it's London
"In fact, you are allowed to have 50kg of high explosives in your car"
IRA: How about that Brit's car?
They actual kept it in Irish cars and parked them outside of schools
R. I. P. Table, thank you for educating thousands of people 😔
I saw a video years ago that I wish I could find, looking at low vs high explosives and specifically the term Brisance, on that they blow a roughly 1" hole in a 20mm piece of steel plate using a similar high explosive, I wish I could find it! it might even have been on british TV like the BBC or something?
Tom sounds like he’s planning for a Tom Scott movie.
And the whole movie is one long take.
@@TheTechnician27 1917 style
@@TheTechnician27 End Credit scene is just Tom running around shouting "One Take! One Take!"
I'm ok with this.
Mnad capt'n Tom, the movie
Reminds me of how I always just thought of pipe cleaners as craft supplies until I saw a bag of them next to a pipe my dad bought. I had just never processed that the name was descriptive of the function.
Let's be real though, how often are they actually used to clean pipes?
There's two types:
1 the soft craft supply kind you give to kids
2 a hard stiff type that actually cleans pipes
@@the_victorious_1 the soft ones are good for getting flakes of paint out of door hinges (I work back stage for a small theatre company and we paint the hinges alot to match whatever we stick them on, eventually the paint makes it hard for the hinge to function properly, until you run a pipe cleaner down it and pull out a ton of paint)
My missunderstood pipe cleaner for drain cleaner (I mean water runs trough pipes, doesn't it?) and was a bit confused xD
@@NoriMori1992 as a pipe smoker... not as often as they should be, really.
I had a similar realisation 2 years ago with Low Treason, and yes, it's a thing.
Oddly enough, I worked for many years for the country's major explosives manufacturer.
0:11 that reminded me to google the etymology of "parapet," a word i look at every time i leave the library, intend to look up, and then forget to by the time i get home. thank you.
For anyone else who's curious, according to Oxford, "parapet" comes from the Italian _parapetto,_ meaning "chest-high wall", from the Italian roots _para-_ ("protecting") and _petto_ ("chest").
Tom is slowly getting very interested in explosives. Next week, we'll see Tom exploding computers by overheating them.
Aren't we all interested in explosions? Freud figured that out a long time ago.
"I am standing outside the Museum of Computer Science, from which I have just been banned"
@@vividandlucid "See you next week, where I will attempt a heist and blow up the entire museum"
Funnily enough, what looks like Tom's next episode is appearing in the recommended section right beside your comment on my screen. It's titled "That Time I Got In Trouble With The Government".
GamersNexus are already ahead, by setting computers on fire.
The biggest takeaway is that GoPros are way stronger than we give them credit for, even Tom and Stephen didn't expect that.
I have seen a video from a GoPro being engulfed in molten lava and it survived somehow.
just don't shoot arrows at them... they don't like those at all
@@Daniel-yy3ty I didn't know GoPros have knees.
Nicely done. Now I am getting into finer points. Not all high explosives are molecular explosive, like TNT or PETN, with the fuel and oxidizer all in one molecule. Some are mixtures such as ANFO (ammonium nitrate-fuel oil) - no chemistry happens when these are mixed. Similarly smokeless powder, usually considered a low explosive, is primarily composed of nitrocellulose which does have a fuel and oxidizer in one molecule. The defining difference is the speed of the reaction. High explosives detonate at a supersonic speed while low explosive deflagrates at a subsonic speed.
someone who knows a little bit my friend
I gotta say, thank you VERY much for all your stuff being subtitled! My HEARING is fine, but my brain processes sensory information a little weirdly, so it can be hard to follow speech if there's literally any other noise happening, or if it's been more than ten seconds so I get distracted even if something is interesting. Thankfully I'm way better at reading text.
I love his slow confident walk away from the test zone every time
If you aren't sure your fuse is long enough, it isn't.
youre actually trained to walk away instead of running because its usually more dangerous to run for a variety of reasons
Bad guys don't look at explosions
The ring of smoke rising from the firecracker is looking gorgeous.
I think that's a little more than a firecracker.
40g of Powder is some Hell of a Firecracker
Had to rewind a couple times cause I was so distracted by the smoke ring
Mini-nukes
Gandalf undercover here xD
There are also explosives that don't rely on oxidisation, but rather on molecular strain, the molecule just simply doesn't want to be in that shape. Generally these are quite unstable, and will quite happily detonate violently by small energy inputs, such as heat or light impacts.
0:57 Steve is slowly walking away from the explosion, not even looking at it - like a badass from an action movie.
"One dead GoPro..." "Yup..."
Was I the only person hoping that the closing second or so would be of Tom's face looming over the upset GoPro, and exclaiming some variation on "...actually, no!" ?
The sound was not recorded on the gopro as they were quite a way away. Notice that the explosive expert had no issues walking away from the low explosive, including the "firecracker" and the burning high explosive, with a lit fuse. The safety distance from the last explosion was much longer.
GoPro: "It's just a flesh wound".
@@57thorns But why did we hear him talk then?
@@Marquis-Sade The closeup gopro did record sound, but they _also_ had other microphones to record sound, as well as obviously cameras.
But it took a while to walk up to the gopro and notice it was still recording, they might not even realise it was still recording while retrieving it.
*Tom is becoming an explosive channel and I'm all here for it.*
Codyslab and him should team up
His channel might be _blowing up_
Tom from ex&f goes off to work on a PhD in some secret government lab...
*A CHALLENGER APPEARS*
i'm also getting Brainiac vibes
the way that Steve just walks away after lighting the fuse shows how experienced he is. He cut the cord, he knows exactly how long it will take to blow up, so he knows how long he can take to get to safety.
Not all explosives are fuel oxidiser reactions though he's describing binary explosives (generally a metal oxidiser reaction) although alot of them these days are actually to do with bond strain, high heat of formation etc in a single chemical (RDX, any of the azides, NTI classic examples) it's not just a really mixed low explosive. It's also catagorized by detonation velocity. The channel explosions and fire explains this really well
Too bad there isn't Tom Scott grinning with an explosion in the background on this one.
2 Explosives videos this close together and that grin, this is gonna make for one hell of video or one hell of a trial
I suppose it's less exciting the second time.
I swear, Steve just looks like the engineer from tf2 went to university, got in shape, and got a degree in explosives.
The engineer has like 20 phds
What makes me a good demoman?
@@DoohikLolwut Well if I was a bad one, I woULD’NT BE SITTIN HERE DISCUSSIN IT WITH YA
He's also got a nice handlebar.
I think the engineer already has a degree in explosives
it's always worth trawling through old tom scott videos to find the ones you've missed.
Well, today I learned something again. High explosives really show that in order to create a runaway reaction, you need high pressure, either by containing it, or by its own shockwave. Thank you, Tom!
I find it fascinating and terrifying that many high explosives look like Play-Doh or clay
Yep, the TSA literally says both of those things can be brought on a plane, but that you will be slowed down. That's why they have the chemical analysis machines to test for bombs.
the fact u say play doh is triggering, oh americans
That's a deliberate choice, I think. That consistency is much easier to work with than anything else.
Friend used to play touch footy with balls of C4.
@@girlsdrinkfeck ??? That's literally its name
I love those little brain jolts you can get. I had one when I realised that "soft drinks" - lemonade, coke, etcetc - are called soft in contrast to "hard drinks" - alcohol!
Oh.
Wait, really? I never realised that!
I hate that carbonated drinks are classified as such 'cause they are anything but soft on your tongue & mouth...
Laptop: A computer that can be on TOP of your LAP.
Desktop: A computer that can be on TOP of your DESK.
@@47Mortuus Took you that long?
I love seeing this. I would suggest having a diagram to illustrate Steve's explanation of the layering of high explosives though as that would make it a lot easier to understand
This was an excellent mini documentary. Thank you for sharing.
It happened literally yesterday.
The Norwegian word for apron is "forkle", and I've never realized it stands for "for"(as is pre/in front of something) + "-kle"(Clothing), so "forkle" literally stands for 'in front of your clothing', which makes a lot of sense.
Same in swedish "Förkläde" För: for, Kläde -> kläder -> clothes
Same in danish: forklæde (klæde = cloth)
@@thecrazything95 which makes me wonder if it’s having ö and ä that makes me notice more quickly. i guess yes in this specific case, but if there was a word in norwegian or swedish that used only the 26 letters of the english alphabet vs. the 29 of swedish/norwegian but didnt have a part of it spelled like a common english word, i don’t think it would trip me up. or maybe im just not fully awake yet.
what killed me was the "farse-entower" in Berlin. I'm all you call TVs "far-seeing's". that's whack!?? And my host pointed out that in latin, that is "tele-vision". Schooled.
Apron is an example of an stolen N, like apple. A Napron (table cloth) became An Apron as people heard it but didn't see it written down. Same for A Napple becoming An Apple. And if you think about "Napkin", they are cognate. Apron and Napkin are kin.
tom: that is a high explosive
me, an intellectual: forbidden bubblegum
You joke, but certain nitrate high explosives are actually used as medicine (mainly nitroglycerine, but other alkyl nitrates/nitrites will have the same effect). In high dosages they will cause terrible headaches due to over-dilating blood vessles. Though in the case of the C4-type explosives in the video (based on RDX or HMX), they will get metabolized into formaldehyde, which causes cancer and possibly permanent blindness depending on how much you ingest.
Don't chew too hard
@@Nuovoswiss that's why it's forbidden
@@thebathman0987 don't wanna make a shockwave
Dude sick maymay
Thank you. That’s an answer to a question I have always wondered about. 💥
I was absolutely stunned by the idea after seeing a visual demonstration of it. It's fascinating to think about and I had never heard of it before.
I had one of those obvious moments: I was in spanish class and I learned that monday is Lunes in spanish, which got me wondering. Why don’t we have a day for the moon in english. My reasoning being we have a sunday why don’t we have a moonday? And then I realized...
I only now realized the japanese names of those days are direct translations doyoubi is "saturn"-day, nichiyoubi is "sun"-day, getsuyoubi is "moonday".
I have been trying to memorize them without without making the connection.
You just blew my mind.
From Latin, they are Sun's Day, Moon's Day, Mars's Day, Mercury's Day, Jupiter's Day, Venus's Day and Saturn's Day. Both English and Spanish replaced some, though Spanish kept more of them: Lunes for Luna (our moon, as you said), Martes (Tuesday) for Marte (Mars), Miercoles (Wednesday) for Mercurio (Mercury), Jueves (Thursday) for Jupiter, and Viernes for Venus. Not surprising, since Spanish is much closer to Latin than English.
@@vashsunglasses Really? I thought Friday was from the German "Freitag" which is literally "Free Day". Learn Something new every day I guess
lmao
The smoke ring from that explosion (1:47) was so cool!
Others practice doing smoke rings for months, the explosive just does it with no effort.
Props to the camera for tracking it!
2:40 burns like a ping-pong ball
Thank you. Your video helped me trying to explain to someone that bomb damage is not always only the fire caused by the explosion but the force of the explosion itself cause the damage.
My guy really just walks away from the explosives like a badass
It is dangerous to run, so you always walk away ... it tells you the same thing on firework packaging :)
You don’t want to trip while close to explosive and your fuse should give you enough time to get to safety. Not to say running away is never an option.
Yup - his purposeful explosives engineer walk is my favourite part of this video.
Cool guys don't look at explosions
They blow them up and then walk away
I had this particular realization when I was 15 and I watched a British documentary on explosives, and it changed my life/world. It began me on a journey to become a chemical engineer after it got me super interested in chemistry.
Do you say tshemistry or kemistry?
@@Liggliluff you pronounce chemistry as kemistry
@@diegodekruif3772 i pronounce it as zchtemistry
Tom Scott's vlogs are more informative than some educational programs.
Dude is a legend. I would watch him sit in a high class english styled study, and drink tea to classic music. Nothing else. Just that.
Tom scott i love your videos so much .. please never stop :')
Yes, that is actually what I imagine an explosives expert to looks and sounds like. How does Tom keep finding the platonic ideals of experts?
he managed to get out of the cave
copied
@@noodlesoup2586 pasted too
I imagined a drunk scottish cylcops to be honest
@@wooshifgay462
„What makes me a good demoman?“
This should be a series called "wait a minute" or "why does that make sense".
Or just "Huuuuhhh!"
+
Or Things You Might Not Know
Both of those are genuinely thought-out names for a series. If I were a content creator I'd steal your title.
Cool to see this in such controlled environments, with the exact same weight in each example and the differences in effect and explanations of why by a professional.
I was aware of most of this, but it was still cool to see it all demonstrated so well! Thanks! 😀👍😀
I never knew I needed to see a guy cut an explosive with a knife before, but here we are.
My immediate thought is, forbidden butter
I believe there's more of that in his recent movie explosion(?) video
Plastic explosives
I've done training in this stuff (I'm a fire investigator), and plastic explosive is just like plasticine - to the point that I think our class sample actually *was* just plasticine, because, well... 🙂
Same here. I guess I never realised just how plastic-y plastic explosive is.
This was so incredibly informational and easy to understand. That guy is good.
Props to the camera for surviving 4 reactions of 2 different kind of explosive masses being demonstrated while being in close proximity.
I just explained this distinction to a few people last week in response to their misuse of the term "high explosive". Unfortunately, my explanation was vastly inferior because it didn't go boom. Time to send some links and fix that.
oh my god it's anonymous from 4chan i see you literally everywhere
@@22tfortnitevevo be careful, 4chan is an elite hacker.
@@whirlwind872 oh no i've already been epicly pwned
@@whirlwind872 On the bright side, because he's 400 pounds and currently stuck in his mother's basement, he's probably not coming for you any time soon.
3:58 RIP GoPro. Thank you for your service.
Judging by the tumbling video footage, it actually handled that just fine. It took a tumble. That's not to say they always will; the shockwave could dislodge something.
@@0LoneTech got ya. Still, that shot with the camera flying is funny and it's even better that Tom didn't have to buy a new one haha
Love your short informative videos, thank you!
Very simple and concise, yet illuminating explanation, really liked it.
- Oh no! That track is on fire!
- Don't worry, it's just a high explosives
- Oh, ok then. Btw what do you think about weather today?
A friend's dad told me they used to heat their rations with C4 in Vietnam.
@@nitehawk86 I thought they came with heaters.
@@nitehawk86
Well actually Hexamine fuel tablets were used. However, Fun Fact, you nitrate Hexamine to get RDX, the main explosive ingredient in C4, alongside PETN. So I guess he’s telling you the truth but exaggerating a little bit… Unless they really were using real C4 to heat their rations. In which case, cool, but personality, we would save C4 for blowing stuff up instead of cooking, since it’s a nitrosamine, it’s quite toxic and loves to damage to DNA. Not very fun…
It's worth noting that what Tom says at the end about high explosive being inert applies only to modern high explosives like semtex that are specifically engineered to be so. There are plenty of compounds that are high explosive and are also unstable and extremely dangerous to store and handle - a relevant historical example being nitroglycerin (a precursor to TNT) that before the invention of the relatively safer TNT was used as an explosive by itself, and caused numerous injuries and deaths due to how hazardous it is.
Nitroglycerin is not a precursor for TNT. It is an ingredient in Dynamite. TNT is a completely different explosive.
@@jackmclane1826 Nitroglycerin was used in tunnel boring and mining operations in like the 1700’s many years before tnt was invented (i think OP means precursor to tnt in the sense it was a mining explosive used before tnt was invented)
Nitroglycerin is scarily unsafe. You can make it explode by throwing something at it, or shaking it too hard. I wouldn't recommend yelling at it either.
Or Cordite. Ask the Royal Navy how cordite powder bags on thinly armored battlecruisers went.
@@jackmclane1826 true
THAT was one of your best episodes yet!
Very interesting lesson. Thank You Tom . Many thanks
As the GoPro laughs: "Is THAT all you got?!!?"
just like it did when Tom unleashed the power of a few hundred suns on it in that solar lab... :P
A Go-Pro once stopped a round from a Mosin-Nagant. Saved a journalist.
The sequel to this video will be "GoPro's Revenge"
I very recently realised "shepherd" comes from "sheep herd". Why has it taken me decades to add one letter and make this connection?
now consider that shepherd, as a noun, likely had an -er at the end that has been lost to time. im not a linguist or anything but knowing how messed up all forms of english have been over time, i would not at all be surprised if that fact was true. which to be clear, i have no idea if it is or not.
A few years ago I realized that fireplace is literally a place for fire, and it really messed me up for a few hours.
And how horizontal is called that way because it's the way the horizon goes
And how Skroob (as in President Skroob from Spaceballs) is almost Brooks (as in Mel Brooks) backwards.
@@omegagamma
your comment made me curious, so I looked it up.
"shepherd" is a straight descendant of the Old English "sceaphierde", which is indeed "sceap" = sheep, + "hierde" = herder.
-er existed in OE, but apparently "hierde" already meant a person, and so didn't need it. I'm guessing (guessing mind you) that this is because the _verb_ "herd" didn't appear until the mid 13th c., as a verbification of the noun, which goes back to Proto-Indo-European. I *assume* it replaced a verb, but my source doesn't say what verb, and I don't have time to dig farther, now.
btw, the "sc" in "sceap" referred to the same sound as "sh", now.
Clear. Concise. Explained so the layman can understand. This was excellent.
There’s a lot of top shelf knowledge in this video, I appreciate it
This is a really good topic example of "things we thought we already knew"
Sounds like a new series that would fit right up this channel.
This guy's explanation was terrible and incorrect.
@@ferrischemistry7879 explain it yourself then genius
@@ferrischemistry7879 why quiet now?
We used to use C-4 (similar to the Semtex in your video) as fireplace lighter. Wet wood was no problem, because the intense heat from the burning C-4 would dry it enough to catch fire.
metal
@@yourmum69_420 no, actually, metal burns very poorly
@@danmatthiesen9160 Unless it's metal wool/powder
@@danmatthiesen9160 Unless it's Magnesium
That is really interesting! I truly never thought of if low explosives was a thing! The gopro getting doing a backflip was a good touch!
R.I.P. GoPro, You did your job really well.
"I didn't even realise that "low explosives" were a thing;"
Glad I'm not the only one.
They are but the term is rarely used in practice. Their usual name is their most common function: propellants.
up next: low education
@@spot1401 That is already a thing........all lefty influenced education to be honest.
@@allybally0021 ah yes, I totally forgot the classic education of Trump and the all accessible for all education of Eaton.
Tom Scott finally converted to the cult of making things explode for fun.
Ive always had the understanding since being in the military that “High Explosives” are insensitive to any force less than the speed of sound, and when detonated, produce shockwaves faster than the speed of sound. “Low Explosives” do not produce shockwaves faster than the speed of sound (of their own) and *can* be sensitive to forces (being lit on fire for example) less than the speed of sound.
1:48 Love the smoke ring!
You missed the desclaimer "no cameras were hurt during production of this movie"... Ok, maybe it was hurt a little bit
"No evidence of cameras that were hurt during the production of this movie, remains available to the public."
Nah, GoPros are amazingly tough
So is no one going to mention that vortex ring? That was amazing.
It's glorious. I think it might promote smoking unintentionally.
@@acctsys It might promote nuclear weapons, cause the mushroom cloud comes from a similar mechanism.
@@HappyBeezerStudios Not at all mate! This didn't really mushroom, it just blew a ring, because of the shape of the toilet paper tube used to contain the explosive.
Real mushroom clouds happen because of the heat rising. While the explosion initially forms a sphere, the hottest part of the blast comes from the dead center of that sphere. When it balloons up into the air it pushes faster than the gasses away from the "core" of said sphere, which creates the mushroom effect.
Mushroom cloud comes from the shockwave bouncing off of the ground and reshaping the cloud from below. Nuclear explosions in high atmosphere do not mushroom.
You are right though that this ring is similar as it is created from the bottom too, by air escaping upwards in a cylindrical shape, dragging the surrounding air with it and swirling it upwards producing a ring.
Been watching one guy named Tom do energetics chemistry, and now I see the other Tom learning about the results of energetics.
Brilliant info!
"Chartered Explosive Engineer"; that's something great to have on a business card.
Wow, that deflagration produced a really nice smoke-ring. Also, that was a great shot from the Go-Pro.
Mind blown 💥
Open minded
Well Yes, You're Now Open Minded.
Fascinating. I never realized that the term was technical. The more you know.
This I didn't know. Good job!
Meanwhile, the GoPro says in a little squeaky voice "I'm not dead yet".
Yup. It kept filming all the way to the end. I would've loved if Tom had added some text or something to say the GoPro isn't dead. Like just subtitles saying "No, it isn't."
@@Vousie In rainbow Comic Sans?
@@HanabiraKage Absolutely. 😂
@@Vousie"No GoPros were injured in making this video."
"I feel happeeeee! I feel happeeeee!!!!!"
Hey Tom, please give a compliment to that guy explaining the explosions! He’s the MVP of these episodes!
That's 'Stephen Miller, Chartered Explosives Engineer' to you. 💥
@@erikkennedy for if it wasn’t mentioned in the video I thank u for giving that info, thanks!
Great video and demonstration! Can you explain different types of homemade secondaries?
Literally a death cam at the end. Marvelous
That giant smoke ring was awesome! 1:42
I expected Toms motionless smile when explosive detonated
I am disappointed
0:02 - For me I had a moment like that a few months ago, I realized I had been Mishearing "For all intents and purposes" as "For all intensive purposes" for 20 years and somehow missed it.
Now I understand why they needed the detonators in Die Hard. And how McClane was able to use a computer monitor to cause the C-4 to explode.
This channel is turning into a revival of Braniac: Science Abuse and I’m all for it
yup, i got the same vibes
Except that unlike that show, this channel doesn't fabricate data
@John N yep haha
But... will it fizz, or will it bang?
@@johnn1199 I was so disappointed when I learned that brainiac outright lies for entertainment purposes.