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Polish PT-91 'Twardy' Main Battle Tank - Overview
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- čas přidán 19. 08. 2024
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The PT-91 Twardy (hard) is an improved variant of the Soviet T-72 main battle tank. The PT-91 was developed in Poland in the early 1990s. Production of the PT-91 Twardy tanks for the Polish Army were completed in 2002. A total of 233 tanks were delivered. Currently Polish Army also operates 120 older T-72M1 tanks (plus 470 in storage) and a number of ex-German Leopard 2A4 and Leopard 2A5 tanks. The older Leopard 2A4 tanks are planed to be upgraded to Leopard 2PL standard.
In 2002 Germany donated to Poland a number of Leopard 2A4 tanks from the German Army stocks. Some former units equipped with Twardy, are now equipped with the Leopard 2A4 and 2A5 tanks. In turn units formerly equipped with the T-72M1 tanks are now equipped with the Twardy. It is planned that PT-91 Twardy tanks will be operational until 2030.
Twardy's protection is enhanced by utilizing indigenously developed ERAWA explosive reactive armor blocks. There is a total of 394 ERAWA blocks covering front of the hull and the turret. These blocks are placed virtually without gaps to each other. It is worth mentioning that explosive reactive armor blocks on the Soviet of the Cold War era usually have 15 mm gaps or even more, thus reducing overall protection. Tests shown that ERAWA blocks improve tank's protection by 30-70% depending on the ammunition type used. However armor of the PT-91 can not withstand modern Western 120 mm tank gun ammunition fired from 2 000 m range.
The PT-91 Twardy is armed with a 125 mm main gun, which is similar to that, used on the T-72. The gun is fitted with an autoloader. The PT-91 Twardy has new gun stabilization system and new fire control system. Other systems and sights have also been improved.
Secondary armament consists of coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun and roof mounted 12.7 mm machine gun.
Vehicle has a crew of three, including commander, gunner and driver.
The PT-91 has more powerful engine, comparing with the T-72. It is fitted with the S-12U diesel engine, developing 850 horsepower. There was also developed a S-1000 turbocharged diesel engine, developing 1 000 horsepower.
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Polish PT-91 'Twardy' Main Battle Tank - Overview
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Hey mat all these subscribers you have and still barely any views lmao, you’re channel is bland they don’t like you they like your information
Man I loved the video. Also Twardy means hard. Their is actually a polish ww2 submarine named Wolf as well one being named Thunder ( Piorun) and another being named (Błyskawica) so thunder bolt. Piorun actually participated in the hunt for Bismarck and went against orders and engaged The battleship until it ran out of ammunition.
@@jaxongillespie8081 He's doing this out of his free time. I like his content a lot. How about you go on and use your free time productively as well, like say, learn basic English grammar/spelling.
RedEffects has stated that the commander does NOT have an independent thermal sight, even though the gunner's thermal is a gen three. So, who's right?
Previous music to the intro please!
Poland is giving up on T-72 platform, we gave all our operational T-72M1 and T72-M1R to Ukraine (over 232 tanks) and now we also gave them unspecified number of PT-91 tanks (at least 30 and no more than 90, no confirmation on exact number). We have about 200 left and when we get Abrams and K2 tanks we'll give all our PT-91s to Ukraine very likely.
Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania don't have any MBT's and this is a serious performance gap and vulnerability for NATO. Also given that these nations have very little money it would be very beneficial if perhaps 100 of Poland's remaining PT-91 Twardy tanks could be offered to these countries at a fair price. Having a tank that can use the ammunition of your likely enemies is also a big advantage as Finland demonstrated during WW2. Apportioned in accordance with population that would provide perhaps 46 PT-91's to Lithuania, 33 to Latvia and 21 to Estonia. If nothing else the training and proficiency advantages associated with having tanks in your armed forces could be substantial. Alternatively Leopard 2's, Abrams or Polish/South Korean K2's could be provided to the Baltic States but cost would probably rule out those options unless a subsidy could be offered by the US or NATO?
I don't think they are a gift but are getting replaced by the US with Abrams in exchange. But still good to see them go to the Ukrainians whatever it takes.
@@andreasbimba6519 Honestly, it's not the best idea. I mean... Ukrainians need them more and use them to cripple Russian army even further. And in fact Baltic States don't need their own MBT's. If Russia is to attack, NATO will know months before and Baltic states have Poland as their closes neighbor. We will not leave them alone, if they are in danger. Our tanks are their tanks.
@Kamil Osowski Thanks Kamil and I agree Ukraine desperately needs more tanks and the older Soviet era tanks and their updated variants are the most suitable tanks for Ukraine. If Poland does eventually send all of their Soviet era tanks to Ukraine then that would mean that a low cost Western tank would become the best option for the Baltic states in my view.
I do not doubt the resolve of the Polish nation to help defend the Baltic states in the event of a Russian invasion but close proximity to Russia’s main population centres and major military units means a large and normal military exercise could turn into a large surprise attack that would probably quickly overwhelm local and NATO forward deployed forces. The US Rand corporation has modelled this eventuality and concluded that such an invasion is likely to succeed and if faced with nuclear black mail that NATO may decide to accept a ceasefire and start negotiations.
My conclusion is that all three Baltic states have no other viable option but to implement universal military conscription and build up large reserve based armed forces with a professional core force just as Finland has done and that includes armoured brigades with tanks.
That is going to be a fucking logistical nightmare
The Malaysian Armed Forces do operate this polish tank as well. However in limited numbers
Malaysia has 48 PT-91Ms - brand new hulls with improvements especially in turret basket tolerances, ultramodern power-pack and and Savan 15 Fire Control System, digital communication, all eletric fast turret motors and stabilisation of new, high pressure Slovak gun, driving volant.... and so on, and so forth. Bascially, modern MBT roughly packaged into light and compact chassis derived from T-72.
Polish PT-91s are on the other hand T-72M1s with ERA, 20 years older Drawa FCS, minor usability improvements, uprated engine and that's about all. Nothing in common.
Ok he mentioned it
@@piotrd.4850 91 units of Pt-91 are new Hulls this same like Malaysian rest are Rebuild T-72M1
If I am not mistaken the UFP of the Malaysian PT 91m Pendekar have been upgraded to the armour level of the T 72B where by the Turret stayed the same
@@piotrd.4850 PT91M is the Best T72/T90 Variant...with mekanism transmision automatic Renk/SESM ESM-350M Diarkibkan 2012-03-10 di Wayback Machine has reverse speed at par with german Tank 👈...CITV with Sagem Savan FCS Thermal Vision and 125mm Gun ZTS - Špeciál can fire long rod 2 piece APFSDS ,Giro laser SIGMA 30, EADS EPS72 turret stabilizer..
I am not a commander, driver or gunner on the PT91 TWARDY, but I was a Tank Commander on the M1A2 Abrams as well as spending time on other M1 versions from the first to the M1A2.
The only thing that I see a lot of people mentioning in their videos is the on road speeds and off road speeds. In my experience as a Driver, Loader, Gunner and Tank Commander is there is no difference in the speed of the tank whether it is off road or on road. The only things that dictate how fast the Driver might want to go is the type of terrain they are driving across. For instance, the terrain in your video, for the most part was flat clear terrain and in this case it should have no problem doing the 60 Kph. Now where it shows them navigating through up and down parts of the terrain then you may want to slow down, or if there are a lot of large rocks, logs or other debris on the ground. This could cause you to throw a track. And of course wooded areas you may not want to try to navigate at full speed either.
I don't know where this started, but I have never had a decrease in speed going from a paved road to off road. All the track vehicles I have driven have never slowed down because they could not achieve top end speeds off road. They were able to achieve and maintain top speeds on most terrains, even sand in the desert.
My experience is 20 years on tracked vehicles within Artillery and Tanks with over 14 years on Tanks.
My understanding is that on road vs of road speeds are a holdover from older tanks where difference in terrain would be a larger change largely due to The designs and technology of the time.
@@thecanuckredcoat4142 actually I think someone has taken the driving techniques of the usual slow down on terrain as a safety procedure during training and interpreted it as a vehicle liability. But I have been on the older tanks and PC's as well. Even the older Artillery pieces before they were decommissioned. I've been on the M48A5, M60, M60A3, 113's, Artillery Ammo Carriers, 8" Howitzer, M109 Howitzer, and a verity of other track vehicles that are no longer in the Army inventory. None of them were slowed down going across good open terrain. Now I can only speak for American track and wheeled vehicles. I've witnessed the Leopard 2's going across open terrain at listed speeds as well when my tank platooned trained with a German Tank Company and then shot a tank gunnery with them. The only slow down I have ever experienced is a significant incline. But other than that terrain does not slow a tank or other track vehicles down. Only terrain that is cluttered with debris will make you drive slower but it will not slow you down. If you do drive over that type of terrain you risk damaging the track, road wheels and suspension. When you have that kind of tonnage and horse power there is not much that is going to slow you down. My tanks have hit trees before and we did not even feel it.
But thanks for your input, it was a logical suggestion.
@@JohnMiller-wf6cm This is as old as tank development goes. Back in the early days, tanks had much less powerful engines and the difference in driving off-road was significant. Even today there is a huge difference, because your fuel consumption increases dramatically, when your tank goes off-road. You may not feel it as a driver, because your engine is just so powerful, but there is significant more torque (and therefore power) needed, when you move something so heavy off-road. I'm an engineer in engine development and was also involved in the design of tank engines here in Germany. Physics still matter. You should have noticed the difference in fuel consumption, when driving on road or off-road, when you're such a tank veteran... Did you?
But yes, modern tanks can go off-road much faster, than WW2-era tanks were able to do.
His comment regarding speed was regarding going too fast for the turret stabilization system to work 100%. On the Abrams it isn't a problem, better design.
@@dnocturn84 Since fuel consumption is something that is kept track of during many years of training on these tanks, I assure you that the fuel consumption was not a huge factor. In fact it lasted just as long across country as it did on roads. Neither did you gain any mileage on a road or loose mileage off road. It is part of our logistics and we kept track of fuel all the time just as we kept track of ammo and other things. Can you tell me the depth of the depression the tracks would leave in the ground? I can. Let me give you an example of no loss of speed. Once while on maneuvers at the National Training Center in California, which is a desert, my tank had dropped the left side of the mine plow. We dug a trench for more than a mile before we even noticed it. The only reason we notice it was when we turned enough to drive into the wind and the dirt it was kicking up started to hit me and the loader in the face. The driver said that dirt was starting to block his vision blocks and he was having a hard time seeing. That trench was at least 2' deep. Not once did it slow our speed. I know this because the other tanks in front of us never gained any distance on us. Now I am sure it used more fuel with that kind of added resistance to forward movement. I asked my driver if he had noticed any reduction in speed or even a jolt when it dropped, He did not notice and said he was making normal adjustments to maintain proper distance. I'm sure if it would have made a huge impact he would have noticed having to throttle up to keep up the distance. Now I can not vouch for WWII vehicles only the ones I have mentioned.
As for how deep the impression is, it is about 2" deep. And that's from a 70 ton tank. What people fail to realize is that a track provides an optical surface for the road wheels to travel across. The track is laid down and then picked up and moved across the top above the road wheels to be laid down again, Therefore there is no ground resistance that tires experience because the track just lays on top of the ground and does not move. Even in mud, sand, snow, gravel, water and other such conditions, the track moves the loose, wet or other conditions out of the way until it is on solid surface. None of these conditions slow the tank down and they do not affect a track like they do tires. The only noticeable affect is if you need to stop quickly. The you will slide in these conditions or if you have to make a sharp turn, again sliding, making the turn more wider than normal dry packed ground.
Now with this knowledge I can only assume that WWII tanks would not suffer any differences either.
And before you try to counter with tires and tracks suffer from the same ground resistance, I'm going to say no they do not. Here is why. What happens to a car when you drive it through a muddy field? It slows down and most likely will become stuck. Right? Why? on most cars two of the wheels drive wheels and the other two just roll. The muddy ground impedes the wheels as they try to move through it and the drive wheels will eventually start spinning and digging a hole causing the car to become stuck. Right?
Now take that same car and place boards along the path the car will travel and the car will have no problem traveling across the muddy field. Right? The tracks act just like the boards. Right?
Poland has become a very strong NATO ally. My hat is off to Poland for developing this fine tank - a great asset. Thanks Matsimus for sharing this info!
they are, however I wish their democracy would be in better shape. I'm extremely concerned about what's going on there.
@@unlink1649 yeah, we need a change, next ellection perhaps, this anti EU PISs(sicX) is a nightmare, they do not think, pure fckin oligarchy stealing from the ppl but now they need a massive police cordons for every meeting, eggs and stones are flying, next will be molotovs cocktails, we will take care of them
@@unlink1649 It is both not as bad or good as it seams...
@@unlink1649 you're right they need to get rid of pro German politics and poland wii become much stronger!!!
They have good reason to hate Russia and not trust them
Glad to see that Matt is back!
The Poles are quite badass, and the have that nice Panther camo pattern.
We call our camo "camo with small tactical dick's"
soon to be replaced by a Finnish one. tests are in progress for uniforms
Was always fond of this East-meets-West T-72.
One of my favorite MBTs in Wargame Red Dragon as REDFOR. Not to pricey, very decent armor and armament, AP, speed and can slug it out with the best of the best if properly supported and properly micro’ed.
Yes, Twardy doesn't suck in Wargame.
@@kon1402 yessire, baby!
For the capability yeah, not TOO pricey, but it's expensive still
When I was 11 I had the pleasure to play inside one of that tank's prototypes at Kielce military expo.
Somebody had a brilliant idea, to just let kids inside and see what gets broken first.
Serio
And this is why I love Poland. Us in the Balkans are crazy - the bad kind, but You gys are a different breed of crazy - the good kind.
It’s nice to see you made updated video on this tank
“Wilk” is nearly perpetual name for next gen indegenous tank in Poland- so don’t worry. One day there will be polish wolf tank. RN Wilk is a designation that will replace M1 and k2 in polish service (hopefully in cooperation with Koreans when time comes).
Yeah, K3 "Wilk" name is popping around :)
@@miramari732 still better than “goryl” (gorilla) which supposed to be twardy’s advanced version with new turret.
@@radosaworman7628 XD
@@radosaworman7628 You dare speak against Harambe's personal tank?
Couple of corrections/additions:
- 7:50 No, our tanks still have the same old S-12U engines with 850 hp. The newer S-1000R engines (1000 hp) were installed in the PT-91M tanks for Malaysia (I'm excluding all of the expo tanks as they don't really matter).
Oh, and these engines *were* produced, they aren't anymore - the factory's technical documentation disappeared in mysterious circumstances when the factory was being moved to another place (The same happened with the Serbian factory that was making T-72 engines and now the Russians have the monopoly on them. Coincidence? I think not.)
- 8:14 - Again, our tanks have the original stabilizer. The Slovakian one (as well as the cannon) is only in the Pendekar tanks.
- 13:16 - The PT-91U was an urban warfare package for the tank ("U" stands for _Urbanizowany_ - urbanised), the concept was somewhat similar to the TUSK package for the Abrams.
- 14:18 - The PT-16 was nothing more than a technology demonstration - a concept of how a "NATOfied" PT-91 could look like. It was an SP-2 prototype hull fitted with cameras all around it for better vision and with a turret mock-up. Also, from what I know it was meant to be a casette autoloader in the turret bustle.
- 15:08 - And the PT-17 is basically the same SP-2 hull, just without the cameras, and with the Ukrainian T-72-120 turret.
- 17:07 There is no ERAWA-3.
And the main problem with the PT-91 Twardy tank is its ammunition. While we have some of our newer ammunition (called "Ryś" - "Lynx" if I recall) based on the Israeli one, it's a very homeopathic number. The reason is that during the testing it turned out that the new ammo produces excessive pressure and can cause the breech to explode. So the main 125mm APFSDS-T rounds in the Polish Army is still the obsolete 3BM15.
Now I understand why maintaining the Malaysian Pendekars is a pain in the ass. Has nothing in common with others.
@@mimimimeow The main problem was that producer was poorly managed. It is a state owned company and had to face huge military spendings cuts. Liquidation of engine factory was considered a corruption scandal - The factory was located in the center of Warsaw on a very expensive site. But after many years there is still nothing else there, so the most likely explanation is the activity of Russian agents. Actually a lot of strange and bad decisions in Polish weapon procurment can be explained only in this way. The classic example: Poland had 100k of light RPG-76 AT grenade launchers, and it was withdrawn from use under the pretext of not having a self-destructor, but almost no weapon of this class has it. And it was mostly destroyed!
I hope Malysia will upgrade them with French powerpacks.
Or better, sell them for good money to the US for Ukraine :)
And buy VT-4 - seems to be a descent replacement.
ERAWA-3 exist under name Pangolin.
@@peceed Not really, Pangolin is a separate project, not designed by Adam Wiśniewski, the designer of ERAWA-1 and 2. It has the same size (minus thickness of course) and mounting system, but that's just because it worked very well in the ERAWA series.
Such good information Poland has really taken the idea of self sufficiency for their defense to heart. A wise decision in my opinion.
Well not really they are building towards the strongest land force in Europe and that's great but they will be relying heavily on other NATO members for Air and Naval support, BUT personally i think thats the way Poland should go , Have a strong enough ground force to hold Russia at bay for a while until the rest of the EU can get their shit together and come help , smart choice i think .
@@furiousscotsman2916 Navy is polish Achilles tendon. With so many purchases no one can fix everything at once.
Poland would love to buy more oh F35 however at this moment the lineup for them so very long.
Still we'll have more potent army than many richer Western counterparts. NATO was designed to help its members in case of war and Poland is no exception in that.
Poland will buy most of their modern weapon systems from South Korea, which is the opposite of self sufficiency. They plan to manufacture themselves in license but this will take a long time.
@@charonboat6394 F35 is a very troubled project, good for Poland if they won't get new ones soon. Just look at the extremely small number the US Air Force has combat ready.
@@anthonyinzerillo2804 well initially some will be from Korean factories but most of equipment would be produced domestically. Polish industry is not able to build fully polish tank.
PT91M pendekar is the Best T72/T9 operational Variant...with mekanism transmision automatic Renk/SESM ESM-350M Diarkibkan 2012-03-10 di Wayback Machine has reverse speed👈 at par with german Tank 👈...CITV with Sagem Savan FCS Thermal Vision and 125mm Gun ZTS - Špeciál can fire long rod 2 piece APFSDS ,Giro laser SIGMA 30, EADS EPS72 turret stabilizer..👈
Ten czołg z dobrą załogą i wsparciem piechoty oraz mądrym dowództwem jest piekielnie niebezpieczny.Mam nadzieję że o tym przekona się onucowo (RUS).
Wybucha jak każdy ruski
@@kw24video30 Nie do końca mnie zrozumiałeś.
@@leszekkrzyzowski8393 No wiem wiem tez mam nadzieje ze będzie sprawiał problemy ruskim
@@kw24video30 jak każdy niemiecki leo
@@kw24video30 Niekoniecznie wlasnie tak !!!!
I’m sure that John III Sobieski is looking down proudly from heaven at this generation of Winged Hussars.
He's gonna weep when he sees his hussars in M1A2 Abrams
I still think Polish name for Bayraktars should be Sobieski :P
@@juliuszkocinski7478 we should call it the clown tank
@@juliuszkocinski7478 Is that the Turkish drone?
@@ravenouself4181 yes
Am i the only one who finds this tank unusually beautiful
The t72 frame as a whole is really good looking. Low profile, small turret, massive gun. Combination of those makes it look really slick.
It looks like a weathered warrior with the low hanging armored skirt and all the smoke grenades, ERA and other additional equipment on top and sides of it.
Tarded tank
Malaysia operates the PT-91 Twardy that we parade infront of the king every 31st of August.
Give it to Ukraine
@@jn1205 why?
@@alikhidzam3749 you don't know, where you live?
@@jn1205 we won't give it to Ukraine, we need to defend our country too.
@@alikhidzam3749 Poland buys tanks, rockets and planes from the US and Korea, and got Leopard tanks from Germany for free
These tanks will be put into good use in Ukraine, even if they put it as makeshift mobile artillery
The Ukrainians wont mind getting this. They already have been using less modified T-72 versions, so this will be a good addition to their arsenal.
Yes it will
Especially when no additional training is involved. Actually Twardy is already in Ukraine.
Yup more tanks that will be obliberated by Kornet and RPGs...
@@anthonyinzerillo2804 That depends on the tactics used by UA. Russians have to use museum pieces T62 and T55 due to T72 and T80 being blown up in large numbers, your point?
@@anthonyinzerillo2804 Its natural that tanks get destroyed in war. Dosnt meter if UA or RU. And thise tanks are good to replenish looses. and buy the way RU replenishes with old soviet equipment while UAs eyipment is getting better over time.
Really love the channel Matt. Thank you for all the hard work that you put in to produce it!
Poland sent all operational T-72 to Ukraine (over 200) and now is sending PT-91. The replacements will be Abrams (360) and Korean K2 (180). In next decade K2PL (polish version of K2 with additional side armour and longer) will replace Leopards and Poland will operate Abrams and K2PL only.
Poland is planning on purchasing 180 K-2 Black Panther's and develop 820 of their own version of that tank. Also wanting to purchase some 600 K-9 SPH along with 500 odd HIMARS. Purchase of some 250 SEPV3 Abrams has already been approved.
Sounds like a logistical nightmare to me but hey, their call
@@1IbramGaunt first old sovied models will be removed,then german leos,and in the end we wiil use only two types abrams and k2pl ,k2pl will be produced in Poland (more armor and other improvements)
Government is not plsning on getting 180 K2s. It's getting them this year. So the whole thing ii already decided.
@@charonboat6394Unforeseen things can happen and they don't get these K2 tanks. Until they have all the tanks they ordered in Poland, it is still a plan to acquire these tanks.
Australia had decided and signed a project agreement to acquire 12 subs from Naval Group of France. These plans fell through.
If you ain't got it in your hand, it's a plan.
@@kamilsulikowski8279 the old Soviet-style T-72's and PT-91's are going yes, but the German Leopard 2's are staying, at least the more recent ones and at least until enough of both kinds of Abrams and the K2 Black Panthers show up; that's still three completely different kinds of tank, each of which are also in different variants themselves, and that's not even counting the idea to also make a made-in-Poland version of the K2
🇲🇾🤝🇵🇱
To say that T91 Twardy is polish army pride is a gross overstatement.
It is at the most compromise for budget shortages.
Poland produced better versions such as Malaya, but were judged to be to expensive for the time for our army.
Yup, it's pure garbage
@@anthonyinzerillo2804 Oh, russian troll here.
Как дела товаріш?
@@charonboat6394 I'm Italian you clown. Russian troll because I tell the simple truth about a tank?! How stupid is that? You say yourself that it is not the Polish Army pride. Btw. T-72 is also garbage.
@@charonboat6394 no he's kind of right it's overloaded T-72M1 and is not very reliable especially compared to the leopard 2s they have
@@charonboat6394 it's just too old and since frequency of break downs are high and it takes a while to fix them they are kinda garbage
Polish acive duty 16 Dolnośląska Brygada.
Great video. one thing I would add is that the tank was officially delivered to Ukrainian armed forces and is currently being used in eastern Ukraine. Feedback is positive. Our PT-91 will be replaced with M1 Abrams in its newest variant (already orderd around 250) and there are declarations on buying the Corean K2 Black Panther tank (around 500).
Poland is on a buying spree :)
best wishes
Still not over you guys ordering the entire HiMARS production run x2
Polocks are smart for building their own weapons
Fun fact, PT-91 nickname "Twardy" means "Tough one"/"Hardy"
(Depends on context)
hard
Polocks build a good tank
Swell video champ! Been watching since 2017! Best wishes from Queensland Australia 👍🏻
Grandpa with our flag when they load tank. Just happy to be there. Melted my heart 😊
9:50 "... you will never see in a NATO configuration" As far as i know, frag ammo was also available for the smoke discharger on Leopard 1. But practical use of this option was stop after updating the dischargers with an automatic fire control system at around 1980, to risky that the automatic fires a frag instead of a smoke charge. Nevertheless the german discharger are still the same until today ;)
Poland just signed a Contract over 1000 K2 Black Panthers with South Korea!
Matsimus uploads
I drop what I'm doing
Nice video.
Would also like see a video of its Czech and Slovak brothers, the T-72M4 and T-72M2
Guy taking dog for walk next to commander casually like dont mind me just taking the tank for a walk such a nice park.
I think eastern Europe is very nice.
Good timing on the reupload, Poland is sending some variant of the PT-91 to Ukraine. No word on numbers yet or the specific model but we and the Russians are going to find out just how good this tank is in the hands of a highly motivated army.
Of course there is information how much we have sent. ~250 PT-91
@@dominik2095 We didn't send that much. Officials say that some number of PT-91s was send to Ukraine but not all of them as we cannot afford to loose so many tanks at once. We will send more PT-91s when we get M1 Abrams as a replacement. In the end there are probably between 31 and 93 PT-91s in Ukraine.
@@dominik2095 mamy 233 szt. jak mogliśmy wysłać 250?
@@dominik2095 250 PT-91 send to Ukraine is myth
@@MaMa-de2ge he propobly talks about 250 T-72 we had and gave away without having a replacement in poland with trained crews. Awesome plan.
That is the COOLEST revamp program I've ever seen!
This thing is the Ferrari of t72s with all of those modern components
I'm not sure that our country MBT "Pendekar" still works in despite ages...
But I think I should gave a👍
The ERA named ERAWA on the twardy acutally affects Apfsds to its better then kontakt 5 in that regard the tested it against DM33 and if performed good
Check redeffect video on it he has link in the description to but its all polish
But T-72B without K-5 can handle DM33... And with K-5 it can handle M829A1. With Relikt it can handle M829A2 and DM53.
5:28 The "Wilk" project has not been canceled, it has been completed and its result is the PT-91 Twardy. At the end of the 1980s, Bumar Łabędy started the modernization program of the T-72M1, which resulted in the creation of the T-72M1 "Jaguar", the improvement of which was the T-72M2 "Wilk" (developed under the supervision of the "Ośrodeka Badawczo-Rozwojoweg Urządzeń Mechanicznych" in the form of OBRUM, and which was built several prototype), and which was finally transformed in the 90s into PT-91 Twardy, and subsequent modernizations led to the PT-91M1 standard. Finally, the Polish T-72M1Z is the T-72M1 brought to the PT-91 standard. The PT-91 Twardy modernization was largely influenced by the PT-94 and PT-97 projects.
This is what the T-72M1 "Jaguar" looks like:
bumar.gliwice.pl/storage/galleries/May2019/r9q3mdfWaKy4pvHM7B5G.jpg
This is what the T-72M2D "Wilk" looks like:
muzeumbronipancernej.pl/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/20190105_122844sign.jpg
Polish PT-91 is a 90s modernization of soviet export model of a T-72. It was good for its time - the 90s - but right now falls short even from Russian T-72 variants. While the thermal camera of 2++ generation is a good thing to have, along with proper ERA, ultimately- in the opinion of Polish military circles- the modernization was half assed and didn't fulfill Polish needs for a counterpart of T-90, and later T-72B3.
The disadvantages, inherited from soviet export T-72 model include: weak base armor, poor stabilization, ammo that is stuck in the early 80s.
Nonetheless, it is good enough for Ukraine. Any tank is better than having no tank at all. And polish PT-91 is just good enough for that.
@@phunkracy thats right....this tank is fast thats very suitable with the ukraine tactical hit and run
@@phunkracy It will get torn apart by Kornet missiles. Tanks are basically useless against the Russians. Iron coffins for hundreds of Ukranian soldiers...
@@anthonyinzerillo2804 Tanks aren't magical indestructible machines. They get destroyed all the time. If Ukraine wants to commit to an offensive they will need tanks, period. Regardless if those can be destroyed by Kornet or not - there is no substitute.
Poland has purchased 285 American Abrams Tanks already taking delivery of a good percentage . Excited to have this addition! As a Polish-American Patriot I’m proud of not jsut our current military display but the large increase in GDP and focus to modernize our military to be an above sufficient asset to NATO and US military Operations. We’ve focussed heavily on drone assault vehicles air and land that the Us Army have bought into. We love our tight connection to the US and our Special Forces are a tight hybrid of SAS and US Delta/SEAL team 6 Tier 1 elements that train regularly with the absolute top tier of the US and UK Special Operations. Thankyou for this video on our growing military.
Nice one Matt. Hope the Ukrainians use the ones Poland have donated to good effect against the Invading Orcs.
seems like a perfectly decent modernisation of the t-72.
Being in a tank is right next to being in a sub, much respect.
except a lot more dangerous, at least in a submarine not everything inside is trying to kill you, plus you have more room to move and toilets in a submarine.
Great video fantastic info very professional job. Thank you for the effort you have put into this presentation I quite enjoyed it. And as a side note I have now subscribed as well.
Those PT-91s will probably soon see action in Ukraine, being replaced by Abrams in Polish inventory
Would love to hear you do one on the M-84a4 Slovenia and Croatia upgraded together from the M-84 Or the whole M-84 line, though that might become a long and hard to follow video with how designs diverged.
Great work as usual Matt 👍
I have got to sit in the gunner seat of one of these, its pretty sweet and i see them driving around every now and again while im on rotation
Love the channel! Keep up the good work.
I can imagine this tank being as good if not better than most of the upgraded versions of the T72 tanks that Russia sent into Ukraine. Hopefully the United States can supply the agreed M1A2's so that the remaining units can then be sent over to Ukraine where they can do the most good. As well as the Polish have worked to update these tanks and keep them relatively capable, it is still based on a 50 year old design and I can't imagine the switch to the M1A2's being anything but a top to bottom upgrade in capabilities.
Great video as always. Quite informative and interesting 👍
Really good tank 💪... Great memories. Well made material! Greetings
A well presented and researched presentation of the pt 91. The large number of Twardy tanks donated to Ukraine will certainly improve their capabilities. It is probably equal, if not better, than the most modern russian tanks in my (non-expert) opinion.
Malaysia has this tank... We call them Pendekar. Or literally warrior.
Note difference: Malaysia has 48 PT-91Ms - brand new hulls with improvements especially in turret basket tolerances, ultramodern power-pack and and Savan 15 Fire Control System, digital communication, all eletric fast turret motors and stabilisation of new, high pressure and precise Slovak main gun, driving volant, german tracks.... and so on, and so forth. Bascially, modern MBT roughly packaged into light and compact and light chassis derived from T-72 fit for Malaysian requirements and terrain.
Polish PT-91s are on the other hand T-72M1s with ERA, 20 years older Drawa FCS, minor usability improvements, uprated engine and that's about all. Nothing in common with "M" variant and nothing altogether impressive - lags behind T-72B. Reportedly, SOME work done on gun stabilisation .... overall pragmatic update for poor tank and poor nation.
The turret will pop off either way?
91 units of Pt-91 are new Hulls this same like Malaysian rest are Rebuild T-71M1
@@johanj3674 Unlikely. It doesn't carry spare propellant charges in turret and has very quick fire supression system.
I'm always troubled when old doctrine designes where redesigned, upgraded and used differnd than once thought. But well, there is a tradition in Poland to the Soviet designes and a new identity as more NATOish nation as well, so that's a pretty good and economical logical product, making the best of what is given.
Also making in modular and in various export version allow to gather more expirience with different doctrines, equipment and enviroment, while constantly strenghening a domestic industry that might be able to produce own designs comletly reflecting a modern battlefield as well as the polish identitiy.
About tech, one could add that the smaller blocks allow for longer operations and cheaper replacement, even there are a few critical (smaller) points are uncovered for - imho - no good reason, just like the frontal carrying hooks or some range beside the gun(which had been an issue to some T-series models and have been an pain in the ass as often as someone find a reason to leave them uncovered for resons of optics, gun suspension, dazzlers or whatever).
It shouldn't suprise that those ERA as well as teh armor isen't made to stand most modern kinetic projectiles, and that's fine - as Vacuum 01 or DM63 are not that likely to happen to the PT-91. It deal with societ style darts and its bit more modern succsessors and that's okay.
I feel there is a step or two gone too less in my totally luxurious and comfy dream reality, but i understand doctrines and design-ideology need to adapt over time. So beside we could have a lot of relativly cheap stuff to upgrade it even further, i get why we don't see it ... in boring reality. Examples of what i had loveds to see could be commanders sights and optics, radar reducing camouflage, slightly V-shaped composite armor for further radar siganture reducing, Zaslon lateral blast APS(which theoretically would have been available since 2003 from Ukrain) or simple more spacy armor in front, so it get a bit more frontal protection and time for darts to deform, but also a more futuristic look to it so it might sell better.
The poles have a lot of pride, so naturally they would want to develop something themselves, but.... Best bet in this situation is to buy 500 or so abrams, along with extra parts, especially turbines. AND, a dozen or so OIF tanker vets to train. And, yeah, i'm american of polish descent, third generation tanker, my gramps started it in WW2.
Poland is acquiring only about 360 pieces with everything that is needed to fix and operate them which include simulators.
Problem with the Abrams seem to be that:
- US isn't willing (as is their prerogative) to do any larger technology transfer for servicing/maintaining the M1. While valid for the US, it would make the cost of servicing them in the future much higher for Poland, without really "upgrading" the industrial basis behind them.
- Korea seems to be much more cooperative in that regard, so over the whole lifespan of a platform being in service (I'd assume - circa 30-40 years, or so?) - that will mean some of the spending will be recycled, as it might be Polish companies producing and conducting those modernizations & servicing in the future.
- Korea seems to be much more open on accommodating our industry & University/R&D teams for future next-gen developments, which would also bring some benefits.
Not sure what the deal regarding the "used" Abrams was, but it seems either US didn't want to make more vehicles available for the deal, or the Polish decided that the cost would make it not logical for the long run.
PT-91 are planned to be decomisioned in next 10-15 years. Everyone knows those tanks are not good enough, but for now number of tanks seems to be more important than how well tank operates.
Plus Poles plan to make their "own" tanks again. Firstly by manufacturing K2PL (Korean K2 modernised to European needs) and later to do K3 with South Korea
We plan to develop K2PL together with koreans and aim to have 1000 of them by the 2030. K2PL will be fully produced in Poland. Together with 360 abrams Poland will have the biggest tank army in Europe. Hope this actually happens. Polish officials confiemed this and that the deal with koreans is signed. So maybe.
@@Empty_Kestrel Technically, Russia is also in Europe - and by sheer quantity, it is going to have more.
I believe Greece also has something like 1350-1400 tanks, though a lot of them are obsolete now (Leo1 and M48, or so).
I agree however, that it seems we'll have the largest fleet of "modern" tanks within the EU and the European part of NATO. 🙂
Brilliant overview as ever
WOW dude!! Thank you for another great vid!!! So interesting.
its nuts that it shoots frag nades out the smoke launchers lol
Well, it is a substantially upgraded T-72, but as we haven't seen any impressive russian tanks so far, it is substantially a "good enough" tank for the next couple of years - untill the russian army dissolves.
Interesting in this context is that Ukraine does not seem particularly interested in aquiring pinched russian tanks. Repairing them is probably more bother than their capabilities are worth.
The other fact is that the Poles get the Abrams tank so as not to leave any significant holes in their lineup.
Russian army dissolves? What kind of coke you been taking? Lol
"Russian army dissolve" and do you seriously think Abrams would thrive under heavy ATGM environment?
@@alexnderrrthewoke4479 - he must be on elensky payroll and withe powder "medicine" treatment :p
Are you on drugs? Ukraine collects and repairs old damaged tanks all the time, happily making videos about it.
@@m_zbrv3967 the A2C would be a better place to be than the T-72 without any upgrade like Russia has been using. Each upgrade only has a handful the rest remain un-upgraded due to the corruption in the Russian army. The Abrams A2C has active and passive defense systems against ATGMs that means they are going to destroy most of the shooters before they fire and the rest would be useless with one or two exceptions. If they ever get their hands on the Spike the Russian army would be without a chance of using armour.
PT 91 is nearly gone. Poland have already send some PT91 to Ukraine (unofficially 90) when we get Marines variant of M1A1 Abrams 116 tanks to be precise all remaining PT91 will go to Ukraine. In my opinion the best way to phase out these MBTs. They were designed to protect Poland against Russia and that exactly what they will do just not in Polish hands.
P
Do the Malaysian ones
He did mention it on the video including about it specifications and stress test plus better squeeze all version in one video like this one rather than making separate video for each versions...
Dumb question, but would the PT-91 suffer from the same issues as Russian T-72s in Ukraine seem to be? The ammo storage seems to be really prone to cooking off catastrophically
Yes
Even low quality tank is still better than none.
Ukrainians are not complaining why are you?
@@charonboat6394 He is just posing a question, not complaining
@@Waithuhh He is questioning usefulness of tanks sent to Ukraine.
Still Ukrainians are thankfull for receiving them.
@@charonboat6394 Not really. He is asking if it would suffer from the same issues that the auto loaded russian tanks suffer from when penned. I think its a valid question and he is right, they would suffer from that issue, but all tanks currently used in Ukraine on both sides would suffer from that issue. Im glad the Ukrainians are getting the PT, but tbh they should be getting leop 2s
PT-91 was a good T-72M modernization because it didn't too much, only improved weaknesses.
The PT-91 received the new ceramic armor, very similar to the T-72B, but only newly built tanks had it; modernized tanks received only ERAWA.
ERAWA-1/2 was the best light reactive armor in the world, and it can be coated by microwave absorber that halves detection range on radars (uncovered parts of the tank are also coated)
The tanks used in Poland do not have improved gun and stabilization than the T-72M, and this is the main recognized weakness of this tank.
Fire control system has small drawback - after range check it moves point of aim instead of barrel, so gunner need to aim again.
Is not hard to say, but this Twardy aint tawdry. Especially if you give it a good clean and polish. Impressive.
Nice one Matsimus, detail as ever you don't get anywhere else. Question: (although I know you aren't mentioning the...current unpleasantness) - which version is being exported - ahem - South East of Poland, and is it up to spec for the...uh...modern battlefield?
For your information, the "Wilk" program was actually restarted recently in Poland.
Currently this program is all about armament cooperation with South Korea, first upgrading K2 Black Panther main battle tanks to a new version K2PL which included full ammo separation of the crew and improved armor amongst other things.
Later it is planned to developed a new K3 heavy tank in cooperation wity South Korea, which tank is supposed to replace all M1A2 SEPv3 Abrams tanks in Polish Army. Which gives you an idea about what K3 is supposed to be capable of.
I would be delighted if K3 was nickamed "Iron Wolf". There is a tale about an iron wolf in polish folklore actually, which is why I'd like the name. And also it would refer to polish "Wilk" program.
The main fault of the T-72 is still present in the PT-91 - the ammo storage is vulnerable to cooking off when the tank is hit which tends to blow the turret off and kill everyone inside.
It's such an overblown problem that no one cares. In most cases, the spare ammunition exploded. The solution is to limit ammo count to carouselle only. Every modern tank except Abrams has at lest part of the ammo inside fuselage. In typical case crew can escape or is already dead. For example most Javelin hits are in the engine compartment, resulting fire will blow the ammo but crew has a time to escape.
Good tech 27 years ago, now it is just for looks
It would be very interesting to see an actual analysis on how this tank being given to Ukraine could impact the russian invasion.
It wont.
@Ajezon Trur enough. And it helps that they already have experience and parts for the T-72.
rumor says that modern fire control systems and night vision are dill breakers on battle field for them
It will help facilitate the coming offensive to retake Kherson in the south, that’s what I imagine they are going to use these for, along with other western systems.
Dammmm boy we missed these kinds of videos
Poland is actually given these tanks to Ukriane by now and are getting Abrams tanks to replace them - have Leopard & Abrams in parallel.
I think the Leopard is out
@@Jasonth131 Yeah... It's not that simple. Leopard are going to be dropped due to Germany's lack of will to cooperate woth its allies within NATO or UE.
Abrams and shitton of service equipment were bought but they won't be "main tank" in use. They are replacement for soviet era vehicles and "short term" purchase.
The tank ABRAMS will be working in parallel will be Korean K2 modified to K2PL standard. In opposite to US and Germany, Korea is willing to cooperate with Poland, as the plan is to produce K2PL's domestically. Korea already licences a lot of military technology that is produced in Poland (mostly tracked chassis for IFVs and Artillery).
As a veteran of three combat tours, it always seems strange to me to see civilians fawn over tanks and other military assets that would be used to kill them. Patriotism fine, but those same tanks they love could just as easily be turned against them to end their families and cities if the enemy hijacked them. Maybe I've just lived too long and survived too many wars.
glad to see your content every time!
There can be no greater reward for a tank than beating orcs - happy hunting ! Long live PL & Long live UA
I pledge alliance to Poland
I can't wait for a next-gen Polish tank that would be called Wiedzmin (Witcher) :p
Well K2PL will be called Wilk (Wolf) so I can bet people will call it White Wolf.
Imagine Eurosatory +/- 2027, this tank presented under the banner "K2PL White Wolf when you have to kill monsters".
And as part of the exhibition, a large graphic depicting the burnt out wreckage of a T-14 Armata.
Great work Sir thank you
As a Pole I'm not proud of this russian shit and glad that we gave it to urkainian mititary few days ago, we have had modernized t72 in twardy tank, but it was many years ago. I hope that abrams v3 and K2 will arrive fast
You're not the only one who likes Wilk as a tank name. Poland is planning to develop Wilk tank now in cooperation with the Koreans. A "K3 Wilk" I think.
Great video. Thank you.
Just a quick note - in Polish W is read as hard V.
Good Video!
Given that Poland just purchased a thousand state-of-the-art South Korean tanks I guess these won't be around much longer
Lol not a thousand
@@conradsz LOL a thousand. And 1400 new IFVs.
1000 K2, more then 600 K9 and other stuff, not included IFV because we have own new called Borsuk
Too bad they gave up on building their own tanks
This tank is so much better than any other russian tank.
Better than American tank
@@georgeboehringer5530 Ask what the polish have to say. Why do you think they bought m1 abrams??
@@georgeboehringer5530simply not true.
You mentioned a Commanders Independent Thermal Sight. I did not see one on the turrets in the video. This would be a terrific upgrade if it does have one.
I feel like everyone forgot the PL-01
Oh, PL-01 was a joke from our industry.
There isn't even a prototype left - it was just a concept/demonstrator.
Though I admit, that with the "lowered emission" & visually it was a really nice concept.
its a demonstrator
@@joshuajoaquin5099 No just a concept. Demonstrator would require all working systems. That wasn't a case with PL-01.
Weź się nie błaźnij człowieku .
nice presentation but we hope you will do a detailled presentation of the algerian T-62-Berezhok
PS: Being "outnumbered by the Russian Army" is a little bit, like being outnumbered by the "Roman Army" from the Asterix&Obelix comic-books...something the Ukrainian Army is used to by now - yet they still can create local superiority faster than the Russians and mounting, local offensives.
Poland is replacing T72/PT91 with new tanks. Even Leopard 2 will be replaced with new tanks. Please make video about the future of Polish tank fleet. Some impressive purchases in recent months, Abrams tanks and K2/K2PL.
Donation this tanks to Ukraine is best retirement for this tanks.
Pendekar means warrior in Malaysia
Im interested in how effective this whole vehicle would be. Specially now that it looks like most modern western rounds punch through ERA like its not there. But Russian stuff maybe not?
"now you see me, now you dont"
If there is one thing that should be improved with upgrades to the T-72, it is the gear box. 6 kmph reverse speed is just ridiculous and robs the tank of so many tactical options.
Wow those tracks must be welded onto this thing
Lets goooooooooooooooooooooooo love this especially as a polish
Better than a Fiat 126
I'm sorry but Twardy is lined with Erawa-1 and Erawa-2 and Erawa-2 is capable of deteriorating KE penetrators as well.
They just announced it will be given to Ukraine as assistance in equipment. Since it is a variant of T-72, that will be useful for Ukrainians since they already have experience and ammo for them...
Now, what the Polish did with it reminds me a lot of what Yugoslav army did with T-72 as well. Yugoslav army first bought a batch of T-72s and then a license for manufacture, but not a single T-72 was produced as is. Instead, a modified version called M84 was in production... Firstly, there were some armor changes. It is said that the main difference was that granite tiles were used, among other changes. And during 1990s wars, no M84 was penetrated frontally. Then, fire control system was completely different. It had Yugo laser range finder from the get go and (for that time modern) ballistic computer. Engine was way different; it was domestically developed multi-fuel engine. Basically, whatever fuel you have, just pour it in and it keeps running. According to some sources, with specific fuel and in perfect conditions, it could reach 100km/h, but I'd take that with a large grain of salt... Another modification was the addition of "self-entrenchment tool". Basically, the tank cold dig itself into the ground if needed and the system counted as additional mine protection since it was mounted underneath. Soon, a system that increased its magnetic field was added in order to detonate magnetic mines prematurely, before the tanks runs over them. There were examples with Russian Shtora systems, but it was abandoned quickly.
Some of them were sold to Kuwait and they liked them a lot since they didn't seem to have the trouble running in the desert and its sand. However, in Desert Storm, Kuwait used them sparingly due to being afraid of friendly fire since they looked a lot like T-72. There were reports that they didn't get any frontal penetration after being hit, even in those few clashes with the Iraqi T-72s.
But, time passes by, and today they aren't that good. There are modernizations. For example, M84 AS-1, the latest. On the outside, it barely resembles a T-72 variant. New ERA, Serbian M19 (basically, Ukrainian Nož or Russian Gofr with Kontakt-1 slapped over it), thermals, laser warning receivers, remote controlled HMG, computer, cameras... In my opinion, it is the sexiest looking T-72 variant in existence! But the actual numbers are very low...
After joining NATO, Poles completely gave up the development of tanks on the Soviet T construction platform, as it was not prospective and incompatible with the NATO standard. The T platform is structurally a small, can rather a tankette, not a tank, which is practically impossible to modernize, that is, to implement modern solutions that would significantly improve the value of this tank, in Soviet tanks there is no room for anything but three people. Even the newest Russian T90M, is not a serious opponent for the modernized Leopards or Abrams, precisely because of the limitations resulting from the construction parameters. The T90 is an opponent for the Leopard 2, up to the Revolution version, i.e. the modernized Leopard 2A4.