How To PROPERLY Flush and Recharge A Contaminated AC System.
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- čas přidán 23. 07. 2024
- How To PROPERLY Flush and Recharge A Contaminated AC System. In this video we are going to take a look at what it takes to clean out a contaminated A/C system. The vehicle in this video had too much oil in the system causing the high side pressures in the system to be extremely high and the low side pressures to be extremely low. The vehicle in this video was actually venting pressure out the pressure relief because the high side pressure was so high due to the amount of oil in the system. The only way to ensure the proper amount of oil is in the system is to flush out all the old oil and add the correct amount.
Proper AC system flushing requires nearly complete disassembly of the ac system. Flushing solvent needs to be ran though all the lines and the evaporator until the flushing solvent comes out clear. Things that should not be flushed are the: Compressor, Condenser, Orifice Tube or Expansion Valve, any line with a muffler, and the Receiver Dryer/Accumulator.
Tools used in this video:
Aerosol Flushing Solvent (at the minimum you'll need 2 cans): amzn.to/3CHaazN
Professional Style Flushing Canister: amzn.to/3AfnVCD
Flushing Solvent for Professional Canister: amzn.to/3dMGpTy
PAG 46 Oil w/UV Dye: amzn.to/3AGIIk4
PAG 100 Oil w/UV Dye: amzn.to/3pDHVdp
PAG 150 Oil w/UV Dye: amzn.to/3dEstLc
R134A Manifold Gauge Set & Vacuum Pump Kit: amzn.to/3AFHmWI
R134A & 1234YF Manifold Gauges: amzn.to/3T9LlCb
Vacuum Pump: amzn.to/3A8YgM0
Can Tap:amzn.to/3T7is9I
R134A Refrigerant: amzn.to/3dDPluj
1234YF Refrigerant: amzn.to/3KiejvO
My Amazon Store: www.amazon.com/shop/repairgeek
Help support the channel, buy using my Amazon links
As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases and your cost is exactly the same.
Oil type and quantity information: supercool.ac
Questions? Shoot me an email at repairgeek365@gmail.com
00:00 Intro
00:03 Why you would need to flush an A/C system
00:42 Why I'm flushing my A/C system
2:22 Establish what direction the refrigerant flows in.
3:30 A/C System disassembly
4:41 How to flush the A/C components
6:43 The components you CAN'T flush
11:04 Flushing my system
12:42 What A/C oil do you need?
15:09 System reassembly
15:26 How to charge the system with oil after it was flushed
19:11 Pulling a Vacuum on the A/C system
23:35 Refrigerant selection
25:55 Charging the air conditioning with refrigerant
27:47 Final manifold gauge readings
28:43 Vent temperature readings
29:22 Thanks for watching!
#acrepair #airconditioning #airconditioner
Disclaimer:
The information, demonstration and any content contained in this video is for informational purposes only. The user Repair Geek makes no warranty, express or implied, regarding the effectiveness or safety of the contents of this video. In no way should the contents of the video, including the tools used, be repeated or tried by anyone. Viewers should only seek the help of a trained professional located at a licensed auto repair shop for any fix, modification, alteration, or any change to their vehicle. Repair Geek shall not be liable for any injury, damage, or loss to any person or property that may result from use of the tools, equipment, or any content contained in this video. In addition, there is no way to guarantee that the video is not altered or modified or is not in the final form submitted by Repair Geek and therefore, Repair Geek does not warrant that the video is unaltered or not modified. The links on this video to products are for informational purposes only and in no way are an endorsement of the safety or effectiveness of the particular product. Viewers understand that anything contained in this video or linked to or from this video is the sole responsibility of the viewer and in no way provides an express or implied warranty as to the safety or effectiveness of any linked tool, product, or video. Therefore, viewer agrees to release, waive, and discharge Repair Geek or anyone affiliated with Repair Geek, from any and all liability, claims, demands, actions, and causes of action whatsoever arising out of or related to any loss, damage, or injury, including death, that may be sustained by the viewer, or to any property belonging to viewer, regardless of whether the loss is linked to the use of the contents of this video, or otherwise and regardless of whether such liability arises in tort, contract, strict liability, or otherwise, to the fullest extent allowed by law. - Auta a dopravní prostředky
Tools used in this video:
Aerosol Flushing Solvent (at the minimum you'll need 2 cans): amzn.to/3CHaazN
Professional Style Flushing Canister: amzn.to/3AfnVCD
Flushing Solvent for Professional Canister: amzn.to/3dMGpTy
PAG 46 Oil w/UV Dye: amzn.to/3AGIIk4
PAG 100 Oil w/UV Dye: amzn.to/3pDHVdp
PAG 150 Oil w/UV Dye: amzn.to/3dEstLc
R134A Manifold Gauge Set & Vacuum Pump Kit: amzn.to/3AFHmWI
R134A & 1234YF Manifold Gauges: amzn.to/3T9LlCb
Vacuum Pump: amzn.to/3A8YgM0
Can Tap:amzn.to/3T7is9I
R134A Refrigerant: amzn.to/3dDPluj
1234YF Refrigerant: amzn.to/3KiejvO
My Amazon Store: www.amazon.com/shop/repairgeek
Help support the channel, buy using my Amazon links
As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases and your cost is exactly the same.
Oil type and quantity information: supercool.ac/
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-Click Lubricant Specification Guide.
-Enter Year, Make, Model.
I would like to add one thing that you didnot mention... When you hookup the refrigerant can to the yellow line, you need to bleed off the yellow hose by loosening the fitting at the manifold guages until the refrigerant comes out, then tighten the line. Not doing so adds outside air back into the system that is not supposed to be there. It basically defeats the reason for vacuuming the system. Outside air isn't coolant and contains moisture and moisture and refrigerant becomes acidic=bad
Finally, someone with integrity who can actually admit he screwed up, as opposed to blaming it on someone or something else or making up some bullshit story. Then he goes in depth explaining the entire AC system. He explains what and what not to do.
I am a DIYer and this removed so much of the mystery around AC systems. And your links are exceptionally thorough. Thanks, and great job!!!
All hail to you, my dear brother...and we thank you for your diligence and guiding you in the right ways, and you deserve all the appreciation
out of all car a/c video yours is the most comprehensive. well done. thank you.
Thank you for the video. You are down to the point, straight without all the BS from other videos.... 💯
For DIY'ers that might not have much of any a/c experience listen to the info in the video. Spot on and excellent info to guide you in the right direction! Nice work.
Very helpful
Very good video! You touched on many points and I would recommend anyone doing this on their own research..research...research! (I learned the hard way also!)
I recently had a compressor replaced on my 2001 Buick and neglected to change the drier, condenser, orifice tube. Mistake!! Changing-out the compressor "ONLY" was a huge NO-NO.
The shop that changed it out really didn't inform of the negative aspects of everything involved. Ultimately, I ended-up doing everything (Including a flush) on my own.
Also - I was under the impression that compressor hoses (Like yours, with mufflers) were not to be flushed? Interesting. I'm glad your A/C is working!
And lastly... Thanks for not falling for all the A/C refrigerant marketing crap! Use only 134-a and don't fall for all those sealers etc. Thanks!
Probably one of the best and informative ac videos out there. Very knowledgeable content and it shows how to do things right. I am retired ASE certified Master tech for 35 years. Could not have done this video better myself 10/10. Great job.
Done Right...
Short and Sweet...
Most informative...
Most Educational...
Great Job on format and presentation.
NO LOUD MUSIC...
Again Great Job....
You said an important thing
No matter of which gas brand you charge your system as it working properly and no it has no leaks...
Golden advice to anyone living in hot. States dude.
Thanks a lot for sharing us your experience on this issue.
I'm glad i knew recently that cleaning the evaporator also is a waste of money and time just buy a new one instead.
Thsnks again from 🇸🇦
Two days ago my compressor went out. Tomorrow im on the way to the junkyard. New replacement is $400 so im gonna do it cheap first. This video gives me a lot of the information i needed. Thank you
Hands down best explained video I've ever seen seriously thank you
Purge your line from your can to manifold before opening to charge. Good info on freon with leak sealer and added oil will cause nothing but problems.
Thank you for your thorough video. It helped me understand the process clearly.🎉
Your the Man, dude. Great, informative content. You touched on every single point needed to attempt this repair. Thank you👍👍👍
Awesome video. I only needed to see a segment of it and ended up watching the entire video. Very thorough, probably the best auto repair video I have ever seen. Thanks alot.
Extremely HELPFUL video! Thank you!
Best vid on air con flushing I’ve seen so far 👍🏻
You’re the man. Thank you so much for all this information! Thankfully my shop is letting me utilize the ac machine for recovery, vacuum and recharge. Side note I also will be doing my water pump at the same time 😅
Keep posting, please!!
Your videos is one of the best so far, very informative, now we know one or two things extra which we don't at all, TQ
Thank you so much , excellent video , I have the same problem of a dirty contaminated system, my car is a 2005 Ford Freestar Van, I have both expansion valve systems, because there is a thermal valve in the back, that Van has an evaporator in the back for the passengers, I cleared up many doubts with your video and I gained a lot of information, thank you very much again
Great video as always. Thanks.
Don’t use shop air to break vacuum. Use nitrogen instead as it’s dry gas. Shop air will introduce water into system
Excellent training video, excellent pointers. Thanks!
Fantastic video.....great attention to detail.....much thanks to the significant amount of your time expended.
Thank you for this! I'm currently replacing the entire AC system on my S2000 minus the hard lines. It helped to see how you were flushing your lines out and i have that exact aerosol solution you used as well. Replacing my evaporator core, expansion valve, drier, condenser, compressor, and high/low hoses. Only thing i'm keeping are the actual hard lines so I wanted to make sure I got those cleaned out properly.
Is it ok
So basically don't waste money on flushing just replace everything
Well there's a possibility if you have lines that are metal that are non replaceable without good looking for them or just border on not available. Specially if you have a system that's big like a dual ac unit and those big stretch of lines underneath and it having the metal in it. In the best case yeah it's better to replace a lot of the stuff in it anyway.
More often than not it's a risk management issue. I did about the same thing......ish. It's my car and I'm doing the work so I'll take the risk in flushing the system rather than purchasing new. If this were a shop.......replacement would be the call for a number of parts......not all.....because you would want it to be a one and done. Also I used old acetone for the first 2 flushes of the condenser and evaporator (condenser/evaporator ONLY) and am not using the pressure can flush so the solvent I use is cheaper and I will recover for other uses. That A/C flush has to be the last flush used. Mine leaves a very slight oily residue throughout the interior walls/surfaces. Again........risk management.
Haha
Hello! It's by far the best video on AC. A few questions: why should some of the oil in a compressor with a fixed stroke go into the circuit? Like a variable lift compressor, the fixed lift compressor also has a swash plate. Both need to be lubricated. What should be lubricated in the circuit? The only moving parts in the circuit are the valves on the compressor, which do not require special lubrication, and possibly the expansion valve.
The dryer consists of a surface, for example granules, onto which moisture is absorbed. If this surface is contaminated with oil or is even covered with oil, moisture will no longer be absorbed. In my opinion, oil in the circuit is oil from the crankshaft housing which over time gets into the circuit along the pistons
FYI
We recently installed a new AC kit. Had an undetectable leak. No dye anywhere. Held perfect vacuum over night. Held 125 psi of pressure over night.
Hook it up to the 175 psi compressor and found a bad hose crimp.
Dont overlook the simple things. KISS.
Weve always used lacquer thinner for flushing. Cheap, dries out easily blowing air through. Never had a problem.
Also its easy to add an inline filter at the expansion valve and condenser. They sell little cone shaped filters that slip into the connection fittings. Couple bucks each, slip right in.
The Supercool website tip is A#1. Thanks dude!
Excellent content which was very helpful. Thank You
Outstanding Presentation, awesome details Thanks 💥
Thanks for making this video.
Extremely informative
Great video, one observation :when charging with 1lb. cans, after attaching can tap and opening can tap valve to each 1lbcan it is a good idea to loosen charge hose at gauge manifold slightly to let tiny amount of refrigerant to exit to purge hose of any air that entered during attachment of refrigerant can before opening low side manifold gauge.
This manifold gauge set has a check valve in the end of the hose that connects to the refrigerant. So when I disconnect the yellow line from the vacuum pump it will hold the vacuum.
@@RepairGeek great video. But if there is a check valve in the yellow hose, then how could attaching a can to it push Freon in the other direction? Wouldn’t the check valve stop that?
It's a Schrader valve actually. That's the same valve that is in the stem of a tire. You can fill a tire and let air out of a tire using the same valve. It's the same concept here.
Subscribed!
Very well done! Thanks!
Excellent video/tutorial. Thank you.
Great Instructional Video !! 🤗
Excellent job & video, thanks for share !!!
Thanks Bud,
Good tutorial.
excellent video! Thanks a bunch!
This is hands down the best tutorial regarding replacing AC components. God bless you for this.
Disfruté su presentación altamente informativa y paso a paso; aclaró muchas de mis dudas sobre los lubricantes. Me ayudará enormemente cuando recargue mi sistema. Desafortunadamente, la humedad no se puede eliminar del polietileno/polipropilenglicol aspirando, incluso durante períodos prolongados, ya que estos polímeros son extremadamente higroscópicos; La única forma es mediante tamices moleculares 3A/5A (idealmente activados a 250 C en alto vacío) o agentes secantes (CaSO4 anhidro, Na2SO4, KOH, etc.). El objetivo de la aspiración prolongada es eliminar la mayor cantidad de aire posible del sistema. Los restos de agua restantes son eliminados por el gel de sílice presente en el acumulador/secador.
I don’t speak English, but! You’re video helped a lot, it easy to understand. Gracias carnal
Excellent video
Well done brother!!
Thanks for very good video! I would recommend to have shutoff valve right next to the vacuum pump in the yellow line. Without that you will have some air with moisture in the system.
Gotta like this dude.
Great video, your timing was perfect. I have been trying to figure out what "sprayer" to buy.
outstanding video
thanks for the very useful info handsome 😉.
Very informative
Thanks man! That was very well done.`
Thank you very helpful
Great video
Thanks so much for this helpful video😊
Remember that God loves you 🙂
You may have made mistakes first time, but the man who never made a mistake never made anything.
Really good video mate 😊
Best vodeo ever! Plus I have an 04 Mustang that I'm fairly certain I did the exact same thing! 🤣 It was my sons car and so many things were wrong with it. He decided to get a new car and I decided I could fix it. So I did. 💁🏼♀️ From the start with electrical issues to fuel issues to engine issues to vacuum issues, I fixed. It was insane. I get it running and bam! AC issues. 🥺 In the middle of the Houston summer. I feel like this is a brand new car now and soon will be cold AC! Thank you for this video! ❤️ New sub!
I thought that surely after all that work you would measure the charge from the cans using a scale. I've always heard that using Hi/Lo pressures alone is not accurate to determine the correct amount of charge in the system. This video is a great resource to DIYers!
The car's refrigerant capacity is 34 oz. 3 cans is 36oz. I just dumped in the 3 cans and ran it. Works great.
@@RepairGeek Nice. It doesn't always work out so neatly... mine is 19oz
2 extra oz of refrigerant won't have any major side effects long term. The cooling capacity may be diminished very minutely but systems only leak over time. I was going to have more aggravation finding a scale, weighing the can, and trying to get precise over something that isn't going to cause any giant issues. If your system takes 26oz you can't put 36 in it expecting it to work correctly. I am just fortunate with the capacity of my system vs. the capacity of the cans.
If I don't have the black Gunk you're speaking of and the only problems I had was a sticking expansion valve and a bad clutch on the compressor do I need to change the condenser and muffler?
@@RepairGeekYep. The gauge set and hoses held 2 to 3 oz. that didn't get into the car.
I’m going to do this but I’m replacing the condenser and expansion valve. I’m using the can with the compressor. You are correct you cannot flush the condenser as it has very tiny offices that will clog so easily. That’s why I’m changing mine but I’m thinking I should flush with the condenser on because it has a integrated accumulator so it catches all the crap then I will flush the Line set then I will flush with compressed air with a dry filter to reduce moisture. I’m vacuuming for an hour anyway.
All good,good knowledge,but one thing did not show the air purge before cracking the charging valve,may be u did but not shown Ibelieve .thanks for good demonstration.God bless u.
One thing to note people. Never buy a remanufactured vehicle AC compressor. Always purchased it new. Stay away from those “reman” units.
Remanufactured AC compressors are used, picked up as cores by the local parts stores, then they’re taken to a facility, where they’re cleaned up and reassembled with new gaskets & seals, but the wear & tear in the inside, is still there.
great video. If your AC is not working and you want to hook up an AC manifold to do some pressure measurements, should i purge the blue and red lines once I connect them to the ports or no need as air can not get into the system because it lighter than the refrigerant? please clarify if you know as I do not see anyone does that! thx
Hell of an intro: Today I'll be showing you how to fix an AC system that I messed up🤣
Why lie? lmao!
@@RepairGeek You have no idea how much I respect a person who can admit their own f*ckups, and then shows how they make it right.
i have a 89 civic. when i first got it, all I did was vacuum the a/c, change the orings and clean out the hard lines. about 1000 miles after charging it up, the a/c compressor failed, specifically the clutch. this time around I've got a brand new drier, expansion valve, and since my compressor & evap are both serpentine type i'm going to flush them.
hopefully that makes the a/c last a good long time.
Pulling a vacuum not only removes moisture but removes any other non-condensables that may be in there. You can compress air, you cannot condense it. AC works on the principle of something (like refrigerant) changing state. The latent heat of evaporation and condensation is a wonderful thing.
Does vacuum the oil out of system also?
@@rohitbhatnagar7599 not typically. The oil tends to move around in a vaporus state propelled by refrigerant. Pulling a vacuum occurs at a very slow rate and thus the oil is left behind.
You're cool for admitting that screwed up, taking responsibility on yourself
I did the very same thing…. I replaced my compressor…. It leaked so I had to buy another one. I use pressure and duct temp to charge the system…I could not understand why it wasn’t cooling nearly as well as it should (I now know The pressure was higher than normal due to excess oil in the system…and not enough refrigerant). I’m very lucky I didn’t hurt my compressor… Lesson well learned….
I flushed the system well (including removed Compressor), let it dry for 3-4 days, and started to put everything back. Before I was adding oil into components. I started from the Evaporator, bcs its tubes were opened for flushing and following drying process. And also you need to attach the Expansion Valve, which will close the tubes. So I measured oil PAG 100 2.25 Oz as recommended for the Evaporator in Shop Manual and started to inject it w/small plastic syringe. The Evaporator took 1.25 Oz, but then the oil started to come out, and I couldn't add anymore. Initially I injected the oil into the higher opening, when it couldn't accept anymore I tried to use the smaller bottom hole, but the oil was coming out again. So if I added only 1.25 oz into Evaporator, can I add a bit more into the Drier (by Manual I should add 1 oz)? I think to add 1.25 oz into the Drier, and a bit more then recommended into the Condenser to compensate the difference. Or it is better to add just in hoses? Thank you for your film again. It is very helpful for those who try to master a bit car AC system.
nice video
Hello, I’m doing this whole service on sn ‘05 Subaru Outback. I have the compressor out of the car and introduced the PAG oil through the big suction port to lubricate. Did I make a mistake and had to introduce the oil through the high pressure port (smaller hole) instead? Please let me know.
Love your video! One question .. how much psi for the compress air in the evaporator? I’m scare I’ll brake it lol if the air is to strong.. 😅
You won't break it. The pressure of the refrigerant when the system is charged and not running is greater than the pressure you'll see with a home air compressor.
Nice info. Thanks. I've wondered about the air that is in the open yellow hose when you attach the refrigerant can there. It means that air is going into the system. Is that bad, or at least not the ideal?
👌👌👌👌👌👌 perfect ac job. T.Y.
How do you add the oil to the evap when you have an expansion valve?
~@1:20 on the replacing of the compressor: Someone wrote me on Amazon question, that when he put a new compressor he removed all the oil (which was there from the factory) from it, cleaned it w/Mineral Spirits, then added PAG oil. I think it makes sense, since we don't know what oil was added (and how much as a matter of fact), PAG comes in 3 variants: 46, 100, 150, which you can't mix. Now after you wash the Evaporator (really well, since you don't know what oil was there), do you need to add the same amount of new oil to that Evaporator, like you would add to a new one? Or a little bit less? Direction of the flow, is it from High to Low, or in reverse?. Thank you for your film again.
Just really quick- during recharge, i should keep my high coupling open and high Manifold gauge knob closed?
@DavidZuber-n1n
I noticed when you finished the vacuum and disconnected the yellow hose from the vacuum pump to connect the refrigerant that the yellow hose had no way to purge the atmospheric air out of that hose. My gauges have a schrader valve at the gauge body to purge the line. Would it not be beneficial to pay more for the purge valve?
Idk if you’re still around on this vid since it’s over a year old but I have a question. If the compressor comes pre charged, do it still have to add pag oil to it? And if I don’t, would I just add the entire amount needed to the drier/evaporator?
Advice… Bleed the air from the charge hose before opening the manifold valve… maybe you did that and didn’t mention it…. or I missed it? Great and very helpful video….
I was watching for him to do it but didn't see a way on his manifold set to bleed the line other than possibly cracking the line open.
The best video I've seen on CZcams for us diy mechanics working on the ac system. Very informative. You got a new subscriber. All the best from England. 😊👍👍
Do I need to flush a new condenser? And always have to replace the expansion valve when the compresor got stuck?
I have replacec the evpoertor charge the sys with out evacuate thr syd still blow hot air ac running do you thing oil need to be add or change thanks❤
Question. If i take my car to a shop and asked them to recharge my system, do they add PAG oil back in??? I think i need more PAG oil in my system as my low pressure line snapped, lost all refridgerant and i replaced it. I'm in NYC so i dont need AC right now, but just wondering if i have to put in PAG or will the shop put it in with the recharge?
I broke my high pressure line and refrigerant leaked out completely, I replaced the line and pulled vacuum on it, but I'm not sure if or how much oil I'd need to add, or if r134 with oil will suffice. Any advice?
You would make an excellent instructor at an auto tech school
so i have to break into my dash just to put the other half of the oil into the evap core? or do you mean put the oil in thru the expansion valve to the evap?
So what happens if you are handed a used compressor. I'm thinking to rest it in a pool of IPA, drain and repeat a few times then refill oil/dye before install
how do you put air pressure from standard air compressor into AC line to find leak? do you need a special attachment for the connection from air compressor to low side intake line?
Absolutely perfect how-to video I greatly appreciate it!!
I do have one question You mentioned that the Ford compressor already comes with oil in it. Why did you have to add oil to the third compressor that you put in?
I drained as much as I could so I knew how much was in the system total.
I noticed when you finished the vacuum and disconnected the yellow hose from the vacuum pump to connect the refrigerant that the yellow hose had no way to purge the atmospheric air out of that hose. My gauges have a schrader valve at the gauge body to purge the line. Would it not be beneficial to pay more for the purge valve?
So I bought prefilled compressor for my car do i still add required oil to the lines, condenser, evaporator and drier?
I do system flushes on compressor burnouts just on a residential and commercial basis. You know your way around HVAC on automotive very well. Akron boys are a hardy stock of Irish, German and Slavic blood.
Don't pat me on the back too much. I was the guy that had too much oil in the system haha.
@@RepairGeekahh.. just a lil slugging. No biggie. 👍 Your explanation of cap tubes, fixed orifices, and txv's as a metering device on the evap coil was really good.
Perfectly explained
Give some good advice when using compressor air to blow lines you are adding moisture in the lines .When assembling parts back together purge system with nitrogen then vacuum until you achieve down to about 500 micron on system if you have no leaks.
hey someone here nos what to do, you are correct. people are not helping most of the time. i wish they would learn the right way and do it the right way. and u dont use soapy water , u use a special soapy water for hvac only. and if u achieve 500 u want to watch the rise next. all mechanics are so behind times with ac, cause they are not being taught correctly, and ford says 30 min and sometimes forty five and with my micron gauge lots of time i see 4000 microns and stalls,so i do a triple evac with nitrogen purge and then i can get the low micron reading .but doing it the way these guys do it they get paid and it will make it past warranty period and then some one is doing it all over again. sad sad sad.
can someone help me, I need to know how much oil the compressor takes after changing the condenser, 2009 toyota rav4 4 cylinders. Thanks
LET'S GO!!!🏁
I'M HERE FOR ME GRAMPS! MANY CAN'T DO THIS KIND OF WORK. 😮😮😮😮😦😦
Wow very thorough.Please do alot more auto video repairs on anything.
So you add the refrigerant w/the low side valve open, high side valve closed.
WHen swapping cans, you close the low side valve again. Then swap the can, then re-open the blue.
When done, that's when you start the car and have BOTH valves (high and low) open? I got lost there on the end.
just make sure you are actually turning the compressor and not the pulley only because I believe all belt driven have a clutch system that needs to be activated