Science & Technology Q&A for Kids (and others) [Part 145]

Stephen Wolfram hosts a live and unscripted Ask Me Anything about science and technology for all ages. Find the playlist of Q&A's here: wolfr.am/youtube-sw-qa
Originally livestreamed at: / stephen_wolfram
If you missed the original livestream of this episode, feel free to submit a question you would like Stephen to answer in a future Q&A livestream here: wolfr.am/12cczmv5J
00:00 Start stream
1:16 SW starts talking
2:14-25:40 If you had to explain your "Why Does Biological Evolution Work? A Minimal Model for Biological Evolution and Other Adaptive Processes" blog to middle-school students, how would you begin that discussion?
25:44-27:23 What is convergent evolution?
27:26-28:08 Different genotypes come to the same phenotype—did I remember that right?
28:21-30:01 Regarding your blog, ​​I think it might be interesting to run rules toward each other from opposite sides and adaptively evolve them for length. Cells that both rules would affect are won by the rule with more width.
30:04-36:26 ​Do you think life existed before it did on Earth?
36:30-45:52 What is the importance of biodiversity and ecosystems in biological evolution?
46:17-47:43 ​​About life: follow the water.
47:46-51:47 ​​Did microorganisms have teachers? Who was the Einstein of microorganisms?
51:59-1:19:55 If you put A LOT of laser in ONE spot, would that create matter?
1:08:14 End stream
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[@generosonunezarias369]

In a span of 120 minutes this man managed to answer two of the most fundamental questions of all time. What are the origin's of life ? How is matter created? Amazing knowledge! Thank you Dr. Wolfram!

[@Smo1k]

I'm not sure if I can be there for the next ask & probe, but I'd like to prime the question of neutrinos: It's evident than they do not repel eachother, and can coexist in the same spot in space & time... That in itself causes some questions.
Also, if you have the classical space/time 1:1 translation, they (neutrinos) seem to be spiralling. But if you say "Distance and time are not actual, pysical dimensions: Speed is the real dimension", what they seem to be doing is slowing down...
I'm not saying this is right, that is wrong. I would like to hear a few words on it :)