R Markdown TUTORIAL | A powerful tool for LEARNING R (IN 45 MINUTES)

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  • čas přidán 8. 05. 2024
  • Walkthrough tutorial on how to use R Markdown and how it can help you learn R!
    Timestamps:
    0:00 Intro to this Video and Prerequisites
    2:18 Getting Started With RMarkdown
    6:08 Why Use RMarkdown?
    7:59 Working With Text (Headings, Links, Bold)
    15:39 Inserting Code
    22:42 Displaying R Code Inline (In the Text)
    25:49 Tips for Running Code Chunks
    28:19 Changing the Appearance of Your Document
    31:28 Adding a Table of Contents
    33:06 Concluding Your Document
    35:38 How to Use RMarkdown to Learn R
    40:39 Learning from Errors
    42:58 Table of Contents Extras
    44:33 Closing Remarks
    Link to my Basics of R (for Ecologists) course: coaching.rforecology.com/the-...
    PREREQUISITES: Watch these three first three lessons of my course to get the very basics:
    Lesson 1: Installing R and RStudio: • R for Ecologists (Less...
    Lesson 2: Start using R and RStudio: • R for Ecologists (Less...
    Lesson 3: Important RStudio tweaks: • R for Ecologists (Less...
    Link to blog post on using R Projects: www.rforecology.com/post/orga...

Komentáře • 155

  • @joaobraganca8509
    @joaobraganca8509 Před rokem +6

    Excellent, the most productive 45 minutes of today. You did it all in one take, nice!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Thank you! I'm so glad you enjoyed the video. :)

  • @joannedu7454
    @joannedu7454 Před rokem +3

    Best R Markdown TUTORIAL, simple and very effective, thank you a million!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Hi Joanne, I’m glad I could be of help! Thanks so much for your encouragement. If you’re interested, I’ve made an entire course similar to this style of this video over on my website (www.rforecology.com). It covers the basics of R for ecologists, ranging from data visualization to advanced data wrangling. You can also watch the first four lectures in the course for free on this CZcams channel!

  • @smokybearthebird8642
    @smokybearthebird8642 Před rokem +2

    Please keep up the tutorials
    Thanks for not over complicating, appreciate the help

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Will do! Thank you for the kind words.

  • @shakarafa
    @shakarafa Před rokem +22

    Really good video. I read some documentation of Markdown, but this was easier to follow and the suggestions were a gift. Thanks for the great content!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      I'm glad to hear that I could help! Thanks for the support.

  • @carolharris2401
    @carolharris2401 Před rokem +1

    5 minutes into this video and it was more than worth it. Thank you so much

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Awesome, I'm so glad you enjoyed the video!

  • @WOODSTCK73
    @WOODSTCK73 Před 5 měsíci +1

    Perfect intro for R Markdown. Thank you!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 5 měsíci

      No problem, it's my pleasure! Thank you for the kind words and supporting the channel.

  • @bushraatfeh1082
    @bushraatfeh1082 Před rokem +1

    I am really glad and happy to watch your tutorial. I heard about Rmarkdown recently I wish that I heard about it before it is the best way to learn and organize your codes at the same time

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +1

      It's a great tool to have! Just note that sometimes when using R-Markdown, some users have reported the code runs slower than if it was in an R script when there are hundreds of lines. Not when knitting, but trying to run their entire .rmd in R-Studio. It shouldn't be an issue in most cases.

  • @muhammadzarghamali4804
    @muhammadzarghamali4804 Před rokem +1

    Oh my God, it was really great for a beginner. I did`nt saw such a compact tutorial. Very well done boss

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Thank you so much! Always appreciate the support.

  • @richardmusonda3404
    @richardmusonda3404 Před 2 lety +3

    Excellent video.
    Well explained.
    Arguably the best RMarkdown video on youtube.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 2 lety

      Thank you for the kind words and support! I'm glad you enjoyed the video.

    • @coleabrahams9331
      @coleabrahams9331 Před rokem

      and my very first one

  • @amitrupani9898
    @amitrupani9898 Před 2 lety

    This was really helpful intro 👏 Thanks for sharing. Cheers.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 2 lety

      I'm so glad you found this helpful. Thanks for the encouragement and support!

  • @incanberra
    @incanberra Před 2 lety

    Useful, clear, well produced lesson. thanks.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 2 lety

      Thank you for the kind words. I'm glad you enjoyed it!

  • @dipa_nita
    @dipa_nita Před 8 měsíci +3

    Really cool video! Thanks for making the basics of R Markdown so easy to grasp :)

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 8 měsíci

      It's my pleasure! I'm glad you liked the video, and I appreciate the support.

  • @user-dt8ei1wj2x
    @user-dt8ei1wj2x Před rokem +1

    Clear and helpful! Thank you so so much!

  • @titaanthanasiusfomum7132
    @titaanthanasiusfomum7132 Před 2 lety +1

    Wow, this is a very helpful way to learn R. I really enjoyed it.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 2 lety

      So glad to hear! Thanks for the feedback!

  • @bridgettsmith7206
    @bridgettsmith7206 Před rokem +1

    Thank you for this video. I am going to add a table of contents to my future work

  • @nedlin7934
    @nedlin7934 Před rokem +1

    that tutorial is not exactly what I am looking for, but I have viewed this 45min video through. Authentically informative!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Hey, that's still great to hear! If I may ask, what were you looking for? Maybe it's something that I can consider making a video about in the future.

  • @maimanahmansor
    @maimanahmansor Před rokem

    Thank you!! Im having a job interview for Rmarkdown and you saved my life

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Haha, glad I could help! Thanks for watching.

  • @phoebe8498
    @phoebe8498 Před rokem +8

    My biostatistician (for my thesis) asked me to try Markdown and I had to look for a tutorial. Yours was easy to follow and fantastic! Thank you. :)

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Awesome, I'm glad I could help! Thank you for the support.

  • @abozzoz
    @abozzoz Před 4 měsíci +1

    Wonderful explanation. Thank you!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 4 měsíci

      No problem! Thank you for the kind words of support.

  • @linamerlotti9620
    @linamerlotti9620 Před 17 hodinami

    Great Video! Thank you!!!

  • @salitshchory3211
    @salitshchory3211 Před 2 měsíci +1

    This video is just awesome, thank you so much!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 2 měsíci

      It's my pleasure! So glad you enjoyed the video.

  • @sarashoghijavan2382
    @sarashoghijavan2382 Před rokem +1

    Excellent tutorial! Thanks!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Thank you for the kind words. I'm glad you enjoyed it!

  • @sigauanvlad1849
    @sigauanvlad1849 Před rokem +1

    Nice man! Really appreciate the effort!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      It's my pleasure, I appreciate the support!

  • @farzadorang
    @farzadorang Před měsícem +1

    Very efficient and concise...
    Thank you

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před měsícem

      Awesome, I'm glad you liked it! Thanks for supporting the channel.

  • @mehedihsust
    @mehedihsust Před 6 měsíci +1

    Really a very helpful video. Thank you so much

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 6 měsíci

      It's my pleasure! Thank you for supporting the channel!

  • @hairulnizamazmi505
    @hairulnizamazmi505 Před rokem +2

    I am taking Google Data Analytics course in Coursera and this video is really helpful and explain much clearer than in the course. Thanks for the teaching!

  • @cyruskavwele5304
    @cyruskavwele5304 Před 3 měsíci +1

    This was a good referesher coruse for me. Thank you.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 3 měsíci

      No problem, that's great to hear! Appreciate you supporting the channel.

  • @user-cb1qn3ol5k
    @user-cb1qn3ol5k Před 5 měsíci +1

    Thanks a lot. Really effective.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 4 měsíci

      No problem, it's my pleasure! Thanks for supporting the channel.

  • @abhivishwa112
    @abhivishwa112 Před 3 měsíci +1

    Superb Video !! Thank You 🙂

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 3 měsíci

      🙏No problem, thank you for the kind words!

  • @okpolalinto1900
    @okpolalinto1900 Před měsícem +1

    insightful Thank you

  • @OyaSanl
    @OyaSanl Před rokem

    Thanks, this helped a lot.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      So glad to hear! Thank you for the support!

  • @sanjaisrao484
    @sanjaisrao484 Před rokem +1

    Thank you very much it was very helpful

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Thank you so much for your encouragement! I am glad to hear that you enjoyed the video.

  • @macanbhaird1966
    @macanbhaird1966 Před 7 měsíci +1

    Thanks for this ---- very useful!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 7 měsíci

      That's great to hear! Appreciate the support.

  • @kratos_in_leeds
    @kratos_in_leeds Před rokem +3

    I have an assignment deadline in a day. I skipped all the R Markdown sessions, Now seeing his videos with the thought of Binge Watching.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +1

      Well, I hope this video helps you complete it before the deadline. Fingers crossed!

  • @eyadha1
    @eyadha1 Před rokem +1

    Great video. Thank you very much

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Glad to hear it! Thanks for the support.

  • @Marie2303able
    @Marie2303able Před 7 měsíci +1

    AMAZING!! Thank you!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 7 měsíci +1

      No problem, it's my pleasure! I don't think many people realize how useful R Markdown can be until they've seen someone else use it. Thanks for supporting my content.

  • @nilosmitabanerjee2492
    @nilosmitabanerjee2492 Před rokem +5

    This is one of the best tutorials! Thank you so much, I thought R Markdown was something really difficult that I would take days to learn but 45 mins is all it took! Thanks for your awesome work. One question though: Is there a way to suppress console output? and only print like the most relevant things like the plots or final output of an inferential stats analysis?

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +5

      So glad to hear you enjoyed the tutorial! Yes, R Markdown isn't such a scary thing to learn!! Yes, there is a way to suppress console output. Basically, you can add different things to the {r} section that denotes the start of the code chunk. For example, {r, results = 'hide'} will hide the console output. You can check out all the different things you can add here: bookdown.org/yihui/rmarkdown-cookbook/hide-one.html

    • @nilosmitabanerjee2492
      @nilosmitabanerjee2492 Před rokem

      @@RforEcology thanks so much 😊 !

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      @@nilosmitabanerjee2492 My pleasure!

  • @oscarsibanda9454
    @oscarsibanda9454 Před 6 měsíci +1

    You Sir are a legend

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 6 měsíci

      😎 Thank you very much. I appreciate you supporting the channel!

  • @folashadeolaitan6222
    @folashadeolaitan6222 Před rokem +1

    This is FAAAAAN........TASTIC! Thank you!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      I'm so glad you enjoyed it!

    • @folashadeolaitan6222
      @folashadeolaitan6222 Před rokem +1

      @@RforEcology I did to be fair. Pls how can i give access to this markdown to people who visit my portfolio website? Can one generate a link to use on the website?

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      @@folashadeolaitan6222 That’s a good question. It depends on how you’re hosting your website and, if it’s a service, what the website allows. If you knit the markdown file as an HTML output format, some website hosting services allow you to upload these as a static website. Here’s a link with more information: bookdown.org/yihui/rmarkdown-cookbook/html-share.html
      Another method would be to knit the markdown file as a PDF and upload it to your portfolio as a viewable document. Hope this helps!

    • @folashadeolaitan6222
      @folashadeolaitan6222 Před rokem +1

      @@RforEcology That’s great, thank you for your response. I will try out both suggestions

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      @@folashadeolaitan6222 Glad I could help.

  • @SKM5253
    @SKM5253 Před měsícem +1

    Thank you very much

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před měsícem

      Of course, it's my pleasure! Thanks for supporting the channel.

  • @peteapicella7872
    @peteapicella7872 Před rokem +2

    This was an awesome video.
    But, I didn't understand what the point of creating an R project was.
    It sounds like a very interesting concept. If this was the subject of a future video, I would definitely watch!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +3

      Hi Pete, awesome inquiry. The point of creating an R project is to properly arrange and organize all files that are related to a specific project you're working on. Basically, all of your related files (scripts, data, output, etc) are packaged into a folder that is easily shared with others. You can check out our blog post here to read more about it: www.rforecology.com/post/organizing-your-r-studio-projects/

  • @mahmoudmoustafamohammed5896

    Perfect...Thank you soo much :))))

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +1

      My pleasure! I'm so glad you enjoyed the video.

    • @mahmoudmoustafamohammed5896
      @mahmoudmoustafamohammed5896 Před rokem

      @@RforEcology It is wonderful. Now I am applying it for my master thesis :))) Thanks to you :)

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +1

      @@mahmoudmoustafamohammed5896 That's awesome!! Best of luck with the master's thesis :)

  • @grantrauser9411
    @grantrauser9411 Před rokem

    Thank you for this tutorial! Made my life so much easier. The only thing I am having trouble with is using the Pipe operator. I can get the output in the console, but I keep getting the error "could not find function "%>%". I know I have the right packages installed as well . . .

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +1

      So good to hear that you like the tutorial! Hm...so you're totally sure you have run either of the following lines of code?:
      library(tidyverse)
      library(magrittr)
      The pipe operator comes with the magrittr package, which is folded into the tidyverse. If you're still having trouble, you can email us with a screenshot or a code snippet at luka@rforecology.com and we can help you troubleshoot further.

  • @stephenwilliams7494
    @stephenwilliams7494 Před rokem +1

    10/10 Thank You....

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      It's my pleasure! I'm glad you enjoyed the video and appreciate your support.

  • @angie-mx5gv
    @angie-mx5gv Před rokem +1

    Thank you so much!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      No problem! Always appreciate the support.

  • @franziskameiners4993
    @franziskameiners4993 Před rokem

    amazing!

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Thank you! So happy that you liked it.

  • @spencer_maiyo
    @spencer_maiyo Před 7 měsíci +1

    Opening that chunk was hard for me, thanks for helping🙏

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 7 měsíci

      Hey, but at least you figured it out! Nice work, and I appreciate the support.

  • @afonsoosorio2099
    @afonsoosorio2099 Před rokem +1

    Hi Luka, tank you for the informative tutorial. Would you please advise how to get the split screen, showing both scripting window and the Rmarkdowm output side by side.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +1

      Glad you liked it! To have the knitted document in the viewer window instead of a pop-out, you go to Tools -> Global Options -> R Markdown. Then there is a line stating "Show output preview in: ". In the drop-down menu next to it, click "Viewer Pane" and "Apply" in the bottom right and you're all set!

  • @AliMovasati-yc9gg
    @AliMovasati-yc9gg Před 11 měsíci +1

    "Tilde" pronunciation really got me rollin over the floor =)

  • @Thechasepc
    @Thechasepc Před rokem +1

    Thank you for the video!
    How do you set up a CRAN mirror in R Markdown. Markdown doesn't already come with CRAN installed.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Glad you enjoyed it!
      To set up a CRAN mirror, you can either:
      A) Go to the "Tools" in your top menu bar, then "Global Options", and then click "Packages" on the left column. From here you'll be able to change your CRAN repository.
      B) Run the function "chooseCRANmirror()". It will print a list of CRAN mirrors to choose from and you simply type the number of the one you'd like!

  • @avshalomkoren9104
    @avshalomkoren9104 Před rokem +1

    Thank you Luka for this great video! what should I do to see the result in the viewer window as you did?

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      It’s my pleasure. To have the knitted document in the viewer window instead of a pop-out, you go to Tools -> Global Options -> R Markdown. Then there is a line stating "Show output preview in: ". In the drop-down menu next to it, click "Viewer Pane" and "Apply" in the bottom right and you're all set!

    • @avshalomkoren9104
      @avshalomkoren9104 Před rokem +1

      @@RforEcology thanks! It works.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      @@avshalomkoren9104 Super! Now you're all set to make some terrific Markdowns!

  • @gabriels287
    @gabriels287 Před rokem +1

    ` this is a grave accent (the one used to insert the R code inside R Markdown as in ```{r})
    ' this is a straight apostrophe or a straight single quotation mark
    ‘ this is a curly opening single quote
    ’ this is a curly closing single quote or a curly apostrophe

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Awesome! Thank you for the quick reminder.

  • @sophiemainz2791
    @sophiemainz2791 Před rokem

    Super well done! Could you add the link to the cheat-sheet? :)

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Thank you so much! Always appreciate the support.
      The R Markdown cheat sheet can be found here: github.com/rstudio/cheatsheets/raw/main/rmarkdown-2.0.pdf

  • @sebastineamede6572
    @sebastineamede6572 Před 11 měsíci +1

    Hi, thanks for the detailed video. Could you make a similar video on how to sync your RMD to GitHub? I use a Mac and it’s almost impossible for me to understand how to do that. Thanks❤

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 11 měsíci

      Hey there, it's my pleasure. It's definitely a topic I have considered making a video on, but at the moment, I do not have exact plans for it yet. If you're looking for a more immediate solution, this guide by Jenny Bryan and his team walks you through how to build a repository, link it to R-Studio, and start pushing all of your revisions to GitHub: happygitwithr.com/rstudio-git-github.html

  • @fornello123
    @fornello123 Před 2 lety +2

    16:20 that character is called a backtick, backquote, grave, or grave accent

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 2 lety

      Thanks for the tip! Helpful to know the names of things :)

  • @kavehbekhrad1576
    @kavehbekhrad1576 Před rokem

    Thanks for the video. But where is the link for the Rmasrkdown Cheetsheet?

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Glad you liked it! The latest R Markdown cheat sheet can be found here: raw.githubusercontent.com/rstudio/cheatsheets/main/rmarkdown.pdf

  • @ameenabdulbarr8342
    @ameenabdulbarr8342 Před 11 měsíci +1

    super man

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 11 měsíci

      Thank you, I appreciate the support!

  • @apatchy0664
    @apatchy0664 Před rokem +1

    I have been set a task to use R markdown. I have been asked to hide all my code in the HTML - any idea of how to do this?

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +1

      That's a great question! You can hide your code in the final document/webpage and still show your result by putting "echo=FALSE" in the chunk header. It would look something like this: " ```{r, echo=FLASE} "

  • @alternativerock100
    @alternativerock100 Před rokem

    Do you know how to get Bash chunks to work on Rmarkdown? I keep getting this error: "'bash' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
    operable program or batch file."
    I have bash installed on my computer, but I don't know how to get R to recognize it.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      shoot me an email at luka@rforecology.com

  • @user-cp7be9uh8l
    @user-cp7be9uh8l Před rokem +1

    Which R theme are you using in your R Studio?

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +1

      Hey there! It's one of the built-in R themes called Solarized Dark.

  • @tejasdahra748
    @tejasdahra748 Před 2 lety

    How can you use dataset in environment and get it summary

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 2 lety +1

      Hi Tejas, thanks for your question! Once you load a data set into your R environment, you can just use the function summary(your_data) to get basic statistics (mean, median, max) for each of your data's columns.
      Alternatively, you can use the function str(your_data), which describes the structure of your data frame.
      I hope I understood your inquiry correctly; hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.

  • @ameenabdulbarr8342
    @ameenabdulbarr8342 Před 11 měsíci +1

    I'm analyzing a data file in r so i tried putting some code in rmarkdown and it keeps giving me an error of object x not found.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 11 měsíci +1

      Hey there, that error usually comes from trying to call/reference an object that was not properly defined. This could be due to the names not being the same, accidentally not running the line where you define the variable, or some other less common issues.
      One way you can check if the object you are trying to call is in your environment is by running "ls()" in your console. This will list all the objects currently saved in your environment to see if maybe it's under a different name (capitalization and spacing matters) or possibly wasn't saved.

    • @ameenabdulbarr8342
      @ameenabdulbarr8342 Před 11 měsíci +1

      @@RforEcology thanks very much

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 11 měsíci

      @@ameenabdulbarr8342 No problem, glad I could help. Appreciate you watching the videos!

  • @unodaamos2741
    @unodaamos2741 Před rokem +1

    How can i show only my r - code output on word_document.

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      That's a great question. You can knit your code into a Word document if you click the down-pointing arrow next to the "Knit" button and click "Knit to Word".

  • @madiyarsuleimen9666
    @madiyarsuleimen9666 Před rokem +1

    👍👍👍👍

  • @ayeshazafar5610
    @ayeshazafar5610 Před 6 měsíci +1

    After knitting it to pdf it appears to downloaded tinytex i've installed and executed it but still it appears to download it first...any solution plz

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 6 měsíci

      Huh, that's interesting. A few questions so I can try and help figure this out: 1) Are you still able to knit a PDF, or does it not actually output a file? 2) Have you installed both tinytex and LaTeX and are they both updated to the latest versions? 3) Are you getting any error messages when you try to knit it?

    • @ayeshazafar5610
      @ayeshazafar5610 Před 6 měsíci +1

      @@RforEcology Thanks for your reply.. I've successfully knitted my file as the error was asking to restart r or reinstall the package after doing reinstallation it is working well..

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před 6 měsíci +1

      @@ayeshazafar5610 Oh good! I'm glad you were able to work it out. Happy coding!

  • @amrender0694
    @amrender0694 Před rokem +1

    Install packages in R

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem

      Hey there! I actually cover installing and loading packages in my video "Tutorial on 80% of everything you will EVER need to know in R (for ecology)", which you can find here: czcams.com/video/dQe3Z7hRG1s/video.html

  • @forheuristiclifeksh7836
    @forheuristiclifeksh7836 Před 5 měsíci

    8:00

  • @TheJacov
    @TheJacov Před rokem +1

    The weird quote is called a backquote, ot some folk call it a backtic. Just fyi😀

    • @RforEcology
      @RforEcology  Před rokem +1

      Thanks for the tip! It's always helpful to know the name of things, haha.

    • @TheJacov
      @TheJacov Před rokem +2

      @@RforEcology Yep, makes it easier to talk about stuff when you have the words.

  • @perfectmoments3876
    @perfectmoments3876 Před 6 měsíci +1

    25:32 haha