Non-Pulmonic Consonants: Ejectives, Implosives, and Clicks
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- čas přidán 14. 07. 2015
- How do we make sounds without using our lungs? What kinds of consonants can we gulp or pop out of our mouths? In this week's episode, we talk about non-pulmonic consonants: ejectives, implosives, and clicks. We look at how we make them, where we find them, and why some configurations for making these sounds are just impossible.
This is Topic #41!
This week's tag language: Taa!
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Looking forward to next week!
This video was a huge help! I kept gettting so frustrated trying to learn Georgian because of the ejectives, but not anymore! thanks!
good luck u need it
learn beat boxing
B ts K ts B ts K ts
boots and cats and boots and cats.
Excellent video! Thank-you for making the non-pulmonic egreesive consonants seem less mysterious and exoitc. My classmates and I found this very helpful for preparing for our Phonetics exam. Love your videos :)
Oh man, I've been hoping for an episode like this! I'm in the process of trying to learn Georgian, and it has all the ejective stops and an affricate, plus a quite unique uvular ejective. They're a lot of fun to try and get right.
Dendy I bet! I actually have a lot of trouble making ejectives reliably, but maybe that's because I've never really had to learn a language that makes use of them. Trying to do multiple hard things simultaneously, like the lateral fricative ejective we talk about in the video, gets to be too much. But the best way to try to pick them up would be to do what you're doing - the regular practice and use'd work well. I hope it goes well for you! ^_^
Just curious: why are you learning Georgian?
@@thelingspace
The only ejectives that I can pronounce properly are k' and t'.
This has saved me so much frustration and stress from my phonetics class in college. Thank you all for uploading such awesome videos!
+Kristen Lewis Glad to help! And good luck with the phonetics class - it's a fun topic. ^_^
I've watched your videos for a while - great stuff as always.
I recently sat down to learn a little Klallam, the local native american language from the area I grew up, but was struggling to understand the mechanics of elective consonants - of which the language has many. This was definitely the first video I've seen that bothered to explain what an elective actually is instead of giving the standard, and entirely unhelpful, "ejected with a loud pop".
I can't say I've made much progress on the Klallam language itself, but I've made huge strides with elective consonants. And I definitely couldn't have done it without this video. Thanks guys!
This is amazing!! I had a hard time learning how these sound were made just by looking at descriptions or hearing the sounds. But this video helps me fully understand how these sounds are made and now I can make them myself! A BIG thank you!
This is amazing, thank you so much for making Phonetics a bit more bearable XD Your raspberry made my day!
YO I have a ling exam tomorrow and this helped so much! also, diggin the Calvino on bookshelf
+Kendall Krider Thanks! Glad to be able to help. And I'm a big Calvino fan - I've been meaning to reread some of his stuff soon, actually. ^_^
Thank you for the amazing video on this interesting subject! It helped me a lot while studying for my Comparative Linguistics exam that focuses on African languages!
Thanks! A very helpful description that hopefully will assist me to at least approximate the ejectives and implosives as I struggle to learn Hausa.
you’re very clear, informative and charismatic-would you mind being my professor 😭😭😭
Wonderful video. I love languages and phonetics. I think about these things all the time. I speak some languages and I currently have to speak Greek because I'm studying in Thessaloniki. Georgian with its crazy sounds is my next step.
Oh my god I can't believe you mentioned Sindhi. Sindhi is my mother tongue. Love from india ❤️
Fleshy bits are amazing.
Evillepandas The amount you can accomplish with them is truly astonishing.
네,맞아!
Evillepandas I've wanted to try learning Korean for a few years (since it has very similar syntax to Japanese), but I haven't had a chance yet. ^^;
This is the best video you've ever made. I looked for this kind of video a while ago, but couldn't find anything. Seriously this is such a good and concise explanation.
Alex Pigeon Thanks so much! Glad you got a lot out of it. We're always trying to improve, so it's good to know we're still getting better. ^_^
Moti, thanks for my first belly-laugh of the day. Your raspberry at 0:46 took me completely by surprise; I had to pause the video until I stopped laughing. However, I submit that while perhaps no language actually incorporates this as a common sound, its meaning is nonetheless universal. :)
You also seem to have solved a decades old mystery for me. For a couple of summers when I was a teen, I was employed at a dude ranch. While I managed to become a fair-to-middling horseman, the ability to "cluck to a horse" completely eluded me. Other people would let fire with a rapid and explosive series of loud clicks, while I tried to make do with what I have now learned was a (soft and inadequate) implosive clicking of my tongue. This rarely had the desired effect; horses in such places tend to be rather jaded and cynical regarding the less authoritative pesky humans. I now suspect your pop at 3:21 was what the more experienced equestrians were doing.
On another topic, you seem so well-versed in making linguistic sounds that are not part of the English language that I must wonder, are you bilingual or perhaps even polyglot from a very early age? As I am sure you know, while some sounds may be just a matter of learning vocal acrobatics, others are nearly impossible learn to _hear_ (and therefore duplicate) very shortly after our non-verbal infancy. If you tell me your ability is solely due to effort and diligence, I will believe you, however, this would not be my first guess. :)
Cornelius Sneed Haha, well, as raspberries go, it was a fun one to do. And yeah, I can't
think of anything that uses the raspberry for anything serious. ^_^
It's interesting that you bring up the ejective [k'] as the clicking noise they were making. It may be that it was, since it's and it is definitely audible, but generally, the horse-clucking sound is the lateral click [ǁ]. You can look at the IPA chart here with sounds, and see which you think it is: web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm
As for my background, I did have a bunch of exposure to Hebrew at a pretty young age. But I do think I managed to learn to make most of the sounds as an adult. Also, you're not seeing the takes that aren't pronounced well enough, only the one that's okay. The only languages I feel I usually pronounce well off the bat are English and Japanese. ^_^
@@thelingspace doesn't pirahã have something similar? I think it was a bilabial trilled affricate
0:18 In the Indian 🇮🇳 language of Hindi, 'Moti' either means feminine form of FATSO or a PEARL based on whether the voiceless plosive is dental or retroflex. 😊
"the nasal cavity is a clear, easy path to eternal freedom." lmaoooo thank you so much for this informative and funny video!!!!
Ethereal 👍
0:46
Funny you mention that. One of the conlangs I am making will have a phonemic [r̼̊] alongside [ʙ] and [ʙ̥]. Yep. Linguists have assigned "blowing a raspberry" a symbol, *r̼̊*
Thank you very much Mr. Lieberman!
You're such a language nerd. I like it.
Wonderful video! Thank you so much!
Thanks a lot, it was really helpful!
Speaking of rare sounds, Vóluva, a conlang I am developing, has four sounds written as , , and . To add some context to what I'm talking about, the native speakers of Vóluva are a wide variety of strange monsters. Many of them having tendrils or feelers, which they use as an extra place of articulation. Slapping two feelers together, produces a whip cracking sound. (spelled as ) Stroking one against another, producing a brushing sound. (spelled as ) (human vóluva speakers use a clap for and a voiceless alveopalatal sibilant fricative for as humans lack the feelers needed to produce the "real" sounds. so in a sense humans have a built-in accent while speaking the language).
Just as [h] is a short breath out of the mouth, the sound spelled as in Vóluva is a short breath out of the nose. produced a sound that is the voiced version of .
The Gaelic Gasp is an ingressive featured in Scotland and here in Nova Scotia. I caught myself doing it once I started studying linguistics and then I realized that a lot of older people do it quite frequently.
Astrotastic12 Yeah, I've heard about this - back when I taught phonetics classes, and we talked about this topic, I'd bring it up. I've never heard that term for it before, though, and it's really quite evocative! I'll definitely remember that for the future. Thanks! ^^
I've met a Breton using ingressive sounds.
"...Meat sounds. You know how when you slap or flap meat it makes a noise? They talk by flapping their meat at each other. They can even sing by squirting air through their meat." - Aliens in "They're Made out of Meat"
For Swedish "ja" ("yes") the sucking-air-in pronunciation is not the "normal"/standard pronunciation. It is known that some people pronounce it that way occasionally (or even often) but extremly few people do it every time they say the word. It is more common in the north, for ja's sibling word "jo". I don't think I ever pronounce "ja" with the air stream going inwards.
Great video!
1:38 That is a [y], more of an U-sound. Good luck practising your [y]:s to the next time!
ü
do [i] and purse your lips
Thank you for the video.
I enjoyed watching your videos. Why did you stop making them? What a pitty. Best regards from Basque Country Spain.
Excellent video, you are good at explaining and pronouncing these sounds. I think you sound a bit like Jim Henson (I am a huge fan). I heard a little Ernie and Kermit in your voice.
That stealth pun at the very start of the video made me so upset. Good job, guys!
Morgan J We weren't sure that anyone would get that one, so good job to you. Thanks for the kind words. ^_^
any tips for learning how to say the ejectives? I've FINALLY got my old nemesis, the uvular trill, mastered. I can do the clicks and the implosives. But I cannot get that lovely little "pop" sound in an ejective, it just sounds like I'm strangling myself
Clicks are actually used in multiple different language families here in Southern Africa.
Your video helped me so much with the Vietnamese đ ㅠㅠ thank you so mych
Can you do a video about Geonosian from Star Wars? I'd love to know how to transcribe the sounds and some theories as to how the clicks are used in their language.
* snorts * I wasn't expecting that opening; I can't stop laughing!
Is robotic voice of beatbox include as this one too?
Hell yeah, rock that WTNV shirt!
Ian Strause Both our director and I are big fans, and it was fun trying to come up with something that'd have the right mood. The t-shirt helped. ^_^
The sound [b] has the Distinctive Feature matrix is [+labial, +stop, +cons]. Whats the distinctive feature matrix por the labial implosive [ɓ]?
HOLY thank you for explaining Implosives those things weren't coming out of my mouth
"....whats commonplace" while wearing a WTNV shirt. I see what you did there.
Divi oh literal five headed dragon, another one!
Divi Yeah, we definitely had some fun with this one. ^_^
Finnish women are reputed to be able to say entire phrases ingressively. I'll send you a message if I find any examples, right now I can't think of any.
Pakanahymni Wow, yeah, that'd be cool. Please let us know if you run into any - we'd be happy to hear about it. ^_^
Only the women? (genuine question.)
Our prof was surprised when he got to Kiel, where he teached us, as we have some ingressive used words like 'ja' (yes) in certain context, mostly pragmatic use.
When he blew a raspberry I laughed so much I wet my knickers😂
You're the best.
Nice
Moti, your comment made me think of this: "They talk by flapping their meat at each other. They can even sing by squirting air through their meat." www.mit.edu/people/dpolicar/writing/prose/text/thinkingMeat.html
How do I raise or lower my larynx?
As-tu un équivalent en français sur CZcams ?
The clicks do not only only belong to a language family, they are an areal feature in many languages in southern areas of Africa. Perhaps you were referring to Khoisan languages, but there is not a consensus that they form a language family.
I'm pretty sure that sound he makes by sticking his tongue out of his mouth & pushing air past it turbulently (which he says never show up) does in fact show up, in one episode of Spongebob. XD
0:46 Incorrect.The Linguolabial trill shows up in Coatlán Zapotec, a language of Oaxaca, Mexico.
Finally I can pronounce X in isiXhosa right, thanks :DD
2:19
+beautyintheskies Bam! Thanks for the comment. ^_^
AHH! Great shirt!
“the only difference between fear and a door is just gulping” -moti lieberman 2015
An implosive F-sound (voiceless labiodental fricative) seems pretty easy to produce to me. You just place your bottom lip against your upper teeth, seal you nose and glottis, and pull the glottis sharply down.
My guess is that it's actually just the implosive version of voiceless labiodental plosive. It sounds a lot like an /f/, but it probably isn't.
C'est un bon complément aux articles de Wikipédia, afférents.
I go to university in South Africa, so we learnt about clicks used in isiZulu and isiXhosa.
the ejective q' sounds like a click.
...............no
i freaking love the q' sound!
See, i have a pretty flexible tongue and a mouth ok?, i can pronounce phonemes like /k͡pʼ/ /t͡pʼ/ /k͡t͡pʼ/ /ʕi/ /r̊ ʼ/ etc and Gvprtskvini but clicks and impolsives just doesnt come out of my mouth like especially clicks, i just cant.
Of course never say never, 4 months ago (yea im pretty new to linguistics, i have only been here since Feb 2020) if u showed me /k͡pʼ/ /t͡pʼ/ /k͡t͡pʼ/ i'd've got a seizure but now i can pronounce them thats basically it
Edit: HOLY thank you for explaining Implosives those things weren't coming out of my mouth, now i can pronounce Implosives
I can pronounce edjective nasals and approximants and even vowels, but the lack of turbulence makes them impossible to hear.
ʙ is actually a sound i'm not kidding it's like farting noises but you tounge is not touching your lips r̼ also exists but ʙ͡r̼ does not
I found this very very interesting. Making me frighteningly close to an egghead nerd.
7:15 bro said india before pakistan even though sindhi has 30x more speakers in pakistan than india 💀
It is true that the reason why labio-alveolar sounds are not used as contrastive sounds is that labio-alveolars are not possible to make?
Labio-alveolar sounds are used as contrastive sounds in a few languages. In fact, they're dirt common in the Yele language of Papua New Guinea, which has an unusually high number of coarticulated nasals, plosives, and approximants. Just a few: n̠͡m, t̠͡p, l͡β, and k͡p. However, they are very rare cross-linguistically. In fact, the Wikipedia page for the labial-alveolar nasal has only the Yele language as an example. For a native English speaker like myself, these can be hard to distinguish, but they're obviously easier to hear if you're a native speaker of Yele.
1:36 "our vowels like [a]*, [ʌ]** or [y]***"
*(editor's note: /æ:/)
**(editor's note: /ɐː/)
***(editor's note: /ʉː/)
1:55 "and for plosives, like [b] and [k]*"
*Editor's note: /kˣ/
Nice Wtnv shirt
Clicks actually belong to more than one language family in Southern Africa.
1:47 "for a fricative like [v] or [ð]*"
*Editor's note: /ŋːð/
1:08 push it out of our bodies ORALLY*
doing it from a different orifice would just result in flatulative telephathy...😊
Mate amazing, but could be more down to the topic, and faster.
Can anyone help me?...... I need to implosive words
how do I sign whistles in IPA?
ʃ͡ɸ ʒ͡β maybe, I think they're transcribed like this, but ɸβ are on superscript.
The IPA doesn't have any way to show whistles. I'd suggest using musical notes or perhaps a pitch scale for them.
@@mrcolmiyo not quite true, they're used for Shona transcriptions, granted it's more like ExtIPA but still
@@Hiljaa_ Good to know!
Night Vale shirt FTW
I was expecting more examples of ingressive consonants. Unfortunately you gave only one from Sindhi not stopping at their pronunciation a bit more in details :(((((
(Pulmonic) Consonant Chart 2:10
Electives are easy for me, but implosives are a whole other story...
ok
What about Ř ?
That is r̝
Tip: never try to pronounce an ingressive sound while eating. That is a very, very bad idea.
I wonder if people who speak languages with ingressive sounds tend not to speak while eating. That would have interesting cultural implications...
I am 100% in favor of not talking while eating though. I've never liked the idea of socializing during meals.
check out beatboxers these days xd
It is amazing and very helpful. I just wish you could speak slower. Too much information to process.
ɓ̪̊
ɢ
Why do American men use so much falsetto?
The constant cuts are annoying.
The implosives section was completely wrong but ok
Why does it sound like you have a stuffy nose when you pronounce implosives?
Only mouth natureal sound with out lungs used sound they are foundmental law understated teach differ way teach with practice we learn and letter sound proxies so good to teach we follow best way posting editing g chalange indian cricktteam classical dancer stager sofin premiear league cricktteam changeing woman.an Indian chandamil selve world classes supper speaker succoussefull gainner secteded11 student first public andleadershipleding head
Er... I am a native Korean speaker, and I find these consonants very unusual. Is it okay to pronounce ejectives as "tense" consonants, such as ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ?
Oh my god, yes you can make clicks at the soft palate. It's in the ipa, wtf
3:51
whoa whoa whoa there's clearly a difference in tone, that's not a proper minimal pair!
Man, I have an exam tomorrow, and that sounds like Chinese to me.
You have no idea how to pronounce ejectives :P
please, stop keeping turning your head, it is irritating