Bismuth & Perchloric Acid: Mysterious Metal M chemistry
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- čas přidán 24. 06. 2024
- Why does bismuth do that thing? You know, the thing. Why is that? We investigate. Subreddit: / explosionsandfire
Patreon: / explosionsandfire
Discord: / discord
Second Channel: @Extractions&Ire
Twitter: / explosions_fire
Paper mentioned in the video: "The Explosive Reaction of Bismuth with Perchloric Acid" 1935 doi.org/10.1021/ja01308a008
I hope this counts towards their Altmetric score. Currently only 157 paper reads in 85 years, that's less than 2 a year, this is hot topical content absolutely.
Thanks so much to all my Patreons for the support, which recently allowed me to pickup the new high-speed camera. I feel it was a little under-used this video, but it's going to bring so much for each new video from now and I can't wait. Here's names of some cool people, in pairs, because you look cute together:
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And some words from our sponsor for today's videos:
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I don't have to sell a VPN but I do have to mention anime in the description so, have I truly taken the right path??
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Now, a word for the algorithm: chemistry science chemistry, home science fun cool nice, coolsmartreal. Thanks - Věda a technologie
Thank you for the cameo. Also, I have the same ball mill!
Didn't catch that at first lol
If I steal any more of your videos I'll have to start calling it a collab
@@ExplosionsAndFire @NileRed Cameo you say? Yes please!
yes
I only relate to people who make grape soda into gloves
I wonder if the acronym PEN-15 is still available
BOO-613
SHI-7
@@stewis BOO-35
Damn man was just about to comment that!
Surely tit-35 is available
“because your body is a moron” sums up 99% of health issues
Fr
This statement explains carbon monoxide poisoning at the cellular level.
@@fireman305 (is there any other form of poisoning other than at cellular level)
@@YounesLayachi knife poisoning isn't localized at the cellular level
@Younes Layachi
Radiation poisoning happens at the atomic level
bismuth is lead for people who don't have a death wish. truer words have never been said.
absolutely agree with this statement;)
what do you think about organic mercury chemistry
And that's why I prefer lead, it's also easier to eat.
It's a poor substitute for lead when it comes to brass.
Sam Tarapata
most organo-mercury compounds are worse than yellowchem, you can’t even get rid of them with an exorcism
"Bismith is just gay lead"
-Internet Australian Man
As a gay man, I can confirm this
That sounds like the gay agenda propagated by The Gayest Person On CZcams. And who's The Gayest Person On CZcams I hear you ask? Another chemistry channel of course, isn't that obvious?
It's going to take a lot of beer for me to unlearn this.
Bismuth is Bi-sexual.
y- ya get it?⠀⠀⠀⠀ *:·]*
okay I’ll leave now…
@@Gameboygenius I am proud to know this as fact. Its just a fact.
"bismuth is just gay lead" and I have to disagree. Bismuth is actually Bi
Now that’s funny…
Oh very good 😎
Good job, you just rephrased the joke that was in the background of the video at 1:14. Funny stuff.
So the compound should be BiX.
That was smuth.
MY FAVORITE CHEMISTRY CHANNEL RETURNS!!!
Considering your own cubic indulgences going by all the minecraft videos, you must be quite excited about the cubane synthesis 😂
*chemistry adjacent
I just found your channel the other day and now you're on one of my favorite chemistry channels
this isn't really a return his upload interval is just 2 months
Just in time to be put on a watch list!
Actually, FOX-7 is not a completely meaningless acronym! The explosive was developed by the Swedish Defence Research Agency, which in Swedish holds the acronym FOI. They just took that, replaced the I with an X because it's an explosive and that's how you get FOX. The 7 as far as I can tell is completely arbitrary though.
99% arbitrary is technically not entirely arbitrary
7 as in the seventh in a series, as is the 25 in LSD 25
I refuse to believe that and accept that it was furries.
Nah it was just us furries
7 is the number of ppl died in the explosion before it was published..
Perchloric Inorganic Solution - 1
what've you done! now it makes sense, now it can't be taken for it!
I have never heard a truer statement than bismuth is "lead for people who fear death"
Fucking brilliant characterization, and one I'm going to shamelessly appropriate.
Same could be said for gallium being related to a safe version of mercury
and after many decades of use as a lead substitute, we will learn it is worse for the environment than lead. But by that time, all of the 'environmentalists' will be dead anyways.
@@jeffreyyoung4104 you do know, don't you, that Bismuth has been used as a food additive and medicine for over a hundred years?
Ever taken Pepto-Bismol? Bismuth is a prime ingredient. It was first sold in the US in 1900 or 1901. Bismuth salts have been in use in Europe since the 1700s.
So, yeah, it's safe, and we've got proof that it's safe.
@@lairdcummings9092 so was lead and mercury, safe and medicinal as well!
This went from a chemistry video to a rant about naming compounds. This is the content i'm subscribed for
“ used in every day applications like fireworks, rockets, and sidewinder missles”
Did you know they did grape soda out of gloves
they did surgery on a glove
@@ExplosionsAndFire I hope glove is ok. 1 like 1 prayer. Maybe PIS-2 would help?
I was more impressed with the toilet paper moonshine. ;)
Jesus nile is a he not a fuckin they
Did you know they did meat from human excrements? ( Japanese Researcher Creates Artificial Meat From Human Feces: inhabitat.com/poop-burger-japanese-researcher-creates-artificial-meat-from-human-feces/#:~:text=But%20non-meat%20eaters%20may,protein%20extracted%20from%20human%20feces. )
Bon appetit !
Wait but didn’t I see you doing some stuff at the Australian synchrotron for university with X-ray crystallography or something? Surely you can use your CZcams influencer street cred and beg them to allow you to put a little explosives in their billion dollar toy? Just include this video in your proposal and I'm certain it will pass review.
if I prove that PIS-2 prevents Covid, I might be in with a shot!
@@ExplosionsAndFire Looking at your results I’m sure it could yeet the COVID out of someone in a 10,000th of a second (may be some undesired side-effects), I’m sure with the prospect of that they’d be willing to give you a couple hours of beam time to figure out some measly oxidation state.
@@ExplosionsAndFire Cant get covid if you die from an explosive
@@ExplosionsAndFire I'm fairly sure it at least kills cancer, at least according to XKCD 1217
@@ExplosionsAndFire Don't have to prove it cures Covid, just have to research it as a possible cure.... Billions are provided in grants every year for 'cancer research'. A lot more money to be made in 'researching a cure', than actually producing a cure.
Man I'm so intrigued at what the hell it is! Awesome video and I'm so jealous of that high speed camera! That's beyond badass!
Lol..
Didn't expect to see you here...
That camera is just awesome, we miss so much detail at normal speed.
strongly relate
It's going to be a real shame when he drops and breaks it.
@@techobsessed1 let's hope not!
"When" 😳😳😳
In fireworks, we make a type of “crackle” using bismuth trioxide, magnalium and nitrocellulose lacquer. It kind of sounds audibly like the reaction with bismuth and perchloric acid.
I agree the sound is much the same as those bismuth based fireworks.
bismuth trioxide makes a similar effect in crackle stars but i think the compound in the video might be Bi(ClO4)3 from my research, it can violently detonate when heated, reacts with water to form bismuth oxychloride and seems to match the description
@@ethanslab7670 most of our atmosphere is nitrogen could it be pulling nitrogen from the air?
@@Aaron-zu3xn I tried my best to forget my chemistry classes but I recall that N2 is pretty inert, so I doubt it would react with almost anything.
And copper oxide...
This video is so relatable, even though I have very little clue about chemistry
Not as relatable as gloves into grapes soda though
You goddamn time traveler
Me too he’s just funny and I like big boom
Call it CBT-1 because it took 85 years to find out what it is
If anyone else was wondering at 6:53:
*COX-1* / *-2* = Cyclooxygenase 1 / 2 (prostaglandin synthase isoenzymes)
(not to be confused with *COX1* - *COX20* = Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1-20)
*ASS1* = gene coding for argininosuccinate synthetase
*Pis-1* = Piscidin 1 (antibacterial peptide found in bass fish)
Prostaglandin? LOL? what prostate gland?
Thanks! Have a like :3
@@ngcf4238Prostaglandins are substances produced by your bidy to signal for pain, inflammation and to stimulate the production of stomach mucus. Cox inhibitors such as ibuprofen reduce your body's abiity to peoduce pain signalling to the brain, and can cause peptic ukcers due to a reduced stomach mucus layer
okay, i’m sold. i need one of those high speed cameras.
Look for user tesla500 on CZcams. He can probably sell one to you. :)
@@mbirth is he the guy behind chronos high speed cameras?
@@Weisz yeah he is the CEO
Like you need an excuse.... Saying you NEED a high speed camera to study explosives is like a kid preparing their "legal case" for why they need a new video game console or computer "for school" to their parents. ;p
Oh man, I literally just dropped some perchloric acid onto bismuth earlier and was just thinking about drying it off with a blowtorch, so glad I watched this first!
hmmmm that Swedish furry looks awfully familiar can't put my finger on it where I saw it
I don't get it
@@tehonionpotato6364 They are that Swedish furry
@@augustinaslukauskas4433 hes dutch
@@tehonionpotato6364 he's the OP of that Discord post
"Bismuth is gay lead"
We've reached the peak of comedy and chemistry right now
Fun fact, aspirin is an inhibitor of the COX enzymes. So whenever you eat aspirin, remember it’s affecting your COX
@@CallumsCornerOutlet unfortunately PIS-1 is a peptide only found in certain fish
Dude, this channel is exactly what a chemistry nerd wants- Insanity.
I'd like to just say a big thank you for not just saying the recording framerate of the high speed footage, but also the playback framerate. So many people just throw out the large number to make it sound impressive, but you really can't tell how that translates into actual slowdown.
I'm not a chemist. Haven't even taken a chemistry class in 20 years. Still love these videos. This guy is hilarious. Keep it up.
"don't ask me for funding." - me. That's brilliant
6:12 And in 1970, a new version of RDX was made that drops bombs of straight fire: DMX
@Vizah Basically, if you are looking for a good explosive, X gone give it to you
@Vizah then in the mid 2000s they flipped it over and we got xvid though ph took all the credit for it...
this channel makes me happy, i dont understand chemistry but god damn this is fun
i love the idea this is how science will be done in the future, some mad scientist in his garage unsupervised ranting at the camera about how his experiment is done and his findings about the colour yellow! XD
Someone else pointed out that it's like watching a slow descent into madness. I think this is part of why I keep tuning in.
This is pretty much how science was done for a long time, before it was bureaucratized. But they didn't have cameras.
Trust me, if they had youtube back in the late 1800's, there'd be a lot of wacky stuff. The (accidental) invention of gun cotton was very exciting.
I can imagine the early chemists doing vlogs "so today I'm just mixing this stuff together to see if we create a new compound."
Anything: *explodes*
Explosionsandfire: 🧐
It’s literally in the name
seems like anhydrous perchloric acid would be a perfect subject for explosions and fire, hope to see a vid on it soon!
Maybe one day!
@@ExplosionsAndFire I wonder if tomorrow will be the day
Mars, incidentally, is lousy with perchlorate. And that is the extent of my knowledge about perchlorate.
The candy or the planet?
can we dump bismuth on it and blow it up?
@@juliankandlhofer7553 It's worth a try!
Is going there a good idea if the whole place is basically poisonous?
@@WineScrounger i dont known if you can call it "a good idea".
the iss is literally a bunch of metal tubes in a vacuum, which I'd say is worse than poisonous ground, but all the necessary inventions to live there and the research conducted have definitely made it worthwhile.
hell yeah, first time ive caught one of your vids in the first half hour, love your work brother
Thanks mate!!
They turned gloves into grape soda, smartest shit i’ve ever seen
But does it explode?
I don't get the glove joke, can someone explain?
@@kmit9191 nile red video
@@kmit9191 NileRed's latest upload.
Yours is one of the very few channels that can make me spontaneously laugh out loud. Stealth comedy and arcane chemistry. What more could one ask?
I love how over time the intro has gotten faster.
Man, if I had a nickle for every time I torched some perchlorate off bismuth metal I'd have two nickels. That's not a lot but its weird that it happened twice.
Ok, Dr. Doofenshmirtz
Also, there's a thing called explosive antimony, actually an allotrope of element ONLY ! Perhaps these are somehow related phenomena, hope you will look into it.
To the x-ray laser!
LOL at "gloves into grape soda" i watched that a few weeks ago. Nilered
Alright, you write the introduction, I'll measure it on XRD. Easiest Nature paper ever.
Make an explosive inspired by RDX, measure it with XRD, and sign the article in nature with Dr X.
@@Gameboygenius That's the perfect Name for this Explosive DrX!
just use XPS? XRD wouldn't give you a definitive answer imo
It makes me so happy whenever I see you posted another video! Thanks so much
Your channel is quickly becoming my favorite!!! Thank you for sharing your time with us!!!
7:23 I was as amused at your dejection here as you were amused when William Osman started talking about losing his play buttons in his house fire. Your face conveys such a sense of discouragement here it's golden.
Thumbnail critique
The read boarder is same tone as the red line at the bottom so I nearly passed this video thinking it was watched already
Everyday applications like fireworks, rockets and sidewinder missiles. Lol.
5:00 I just got a job as a technician in an xps lab but I'm not sure how to ask my boss if I'm allowed to make explosives and put them in our unbelievably expensive piece of kit 😅
Perfect timing! I was just wondering when your next video would be coming along. I laughed my ass off. Good work with the PIS-2
Come on, the obvious name for it is KNT-5.
I support this
furries see it as "knot"
aussies see it as "cunt"
@@486kyle And Aussie furries are just waggling their eyebrows suggestively.
TIT-5
CUX-9
Wow! This is interesting. Pretty rare to find a straightforward reaction like this completely unexplored!
Awesome video mate!
Love the high speed footage
Your new camera is a great addition, some really interesting footage there.
One of the few actual fun to watch chemistry channels out there great content
Don't forget the Nile trilogy
2:24 the shade of yellow this turns into when he brings the torch to it is extremely disconcerting
I love your relatable relatable content!!!
What a nifty thing to investigate! Thanks! Never heard of this before. Awesome.
Hell yes. New E&F video to keep me entertained during a trainride that takes forever. Hope nothing turns yellow this time.
Edit: No yellow, but it was freakin awesome.
2021 hobby: look for stupid old papers on questions no one has bothered to follow up, and try and get some streed cred by using modern tech to awnser it.
czcams.com/video/ZXsQAXx_ao0/video.html
As opposed to the 2020 hobby: find obscure old papers with difficult and poorly documented procedures and make a bunch of yellow crap with a 5% yield.
@@Gameboygenius Pretty sure the fulminating platinium video actually had a 0% yield. But time is so warped I don't recall when it came out.
Your channel definitely deserves to be huge, fkn definitely on par with smartereveryday, slowmoguys, backyardscientist etc...mate I really hope you get the love you deserve!
You are a funking legend bro thanx for the sick vids on explosive compounds
Still haven't found any papers on PIS-2 yet, I am disappointed
FOX-7?
Gonna make my own variant of it and call it UwU-69
I love how relatable this channel is, these are the things I come across daily on his channel.
Nice channel, I subbed. Good stuff keep it up
I just read that bismuth has been shown to grow "Turing patterns" when it crystalizes in thin sheets. But if nobody will give an explanation for the explosive property, then I propose it be dubbed a Turing explosive. I base that on no evidence on the process, but Turing needs something real badass named after him
The clip of NileRed SMASHing that shit with a hammer made me belly laugh
So happy to see this channel posting again.
Your content is just gold, thank you for making my day.
You could calculate the detonation velocity of the new explosive with the frame rate, the time and the distance the wave travelled. If the detonation velocity turns out to be very high it might be more attractive to study
I did, but it's pretty low, like 500m/s range. I don't think it's proper conditions for it to achieve det velocity I guess, I don't know. But yeah, proper explosive speeds when properly pressed are like 5000m/s which is way too fast even for 30000 fps
The cool thing is, it detonates in a thin film while sitting on top of thick metal, what should cool it, and bordering at air, where it can easily expand and get rid of all the pressure. It means its detonation velocity should be pretty high, or the reaction is very fast, or probably both.
First time finding this channel. Looks more like a standup, I love it
This was my first time here, I had a great time, got to say, the man has a point. I've used most of those explosives, in my past military history, and never had any idea why they called them what they did. I have to say, this is the first time I've even heard of this bismuth/perchloric acid mystery, and I've studied explosives and chemistry more than fifty years. This was an awesome display, and a very interesting question that should definitively be answered by someone, soon. Reckon I'll have to check this out, and see. Thanks much for the show!
Thanks mate, glad you liked it!!
@@ExplosionsAndFire I had some fun with strong acids and such when I was a teen, but not as much data available, and much harder to get a lot of things, odds and ends. Have to say, I'd hang around with you and play with chemicals, if I had a chance. Semper Fi, John McClain
Idea: Do NileRed/Blue's thing, but turn random shit into explosives.
didn't the guy who discovered phosphorus blow himself up with it while extracting it from his piss?
I literally have access to powder and single crystal xrd and believe me the next way too long lunch break I'm gonna look into it.
We need answers
Oh boy, please go for it!
Nice re visit on this!
This video has a bizarrely educational tone to it. What with the piano and you explaining things clearly and concisely. Interesting.
I like mysterious reactions like this. I always have a fun when solving them.
I look at that paper you mentioned. There is a mention, that this compound is formed on bismuth anode during electrolysis of perchloric acid on bismuth electrodes. So technically it should be some high oxidation state of Bi. So I tried to heat mixture of sodium bismuthate and HClO4 on piece of aluminium foil. Lots of fizzing and white smoke, but any explosion.
Hmm... maybe the "missing link" is the fact that, if the bismuth is being oxidized, something has to reduce? Which doesn't happen when you mix bismuth oxide with perchloric acid, hence why that failed...
Also, I remember (from one of EX&F's own videos) that the lower oxidation state oxoacids of chlorine (chlorates, chlorites, and hypochlorites) tend to be less stable than perchlorates, in spire of having less oxygen...
Which leads me to an hypothesis: maybe it's some sort of bismuth chlorate or chlorite? Then again, I don't think scientists would've missed that possibility, if that were the case. Probably some sort of complex oxide/salt with lots of oxygen hanging around? (thinking something like bismuth oxychloride, or maybe even a bismuthate with chlorine in a weird anion state, e.g. chloryl).
Then again, I might just be throwing shots at the dark.
"I tend to offend people when I start talking about specific elements"
"Forms rainbows all the time, doesn't like to be straight and is incredibly dense"
You don't say
I'm laughing so fucking hard right now
#reletable
Honestly when he said that my only thought was "same"
Good thing I'm alone right now, because I burst out laughing when he said that xD
Would be hard to explain why a chemistry video made me do this.
@@sheepwars2959 classic explosionsandfire
this channel is going to grow i was laughing and learning through the whole video xD
Your channel has made me laugh Ina time I really needed it. Thank you.
Gloves into grape soda :D I got that reference, a collab between you and Nile could be so EPIC
Explosive from pee!?!?
@@Iodine_53 No, but you could eat a lot of bananas and salt; and turn that into explosive poo; it has potassium, chlorine carbon and oxygen
@@Iodine_53 Cody's lab did this some years back and made gunpowder. It's the old school way to make it. The urine provides the nitrates.
@@vikramkrishnan6414 explosive poo lmao
@@wzdew I know, cody is amazing!
1:15 I had to listen to this part twice. That is just flat out brilliant.
Love these vids!
We really need like a playlist of all the music you use in videos.
Oh no not the swedish furries 😏
Real talk are you a furry (never spoke to one before that’s why I’m asking)
@@WTB1327 ima be real chief, if ur on the internet consistently or have a friend group that is involved in internet pop culture in any way, you've most likley spoken to a furry before.
@@Le300thMiner yeah we're kinda fuckin everywhere
we just kinda stay low key on account of that one massive group of people who want us dead
I'll stick to being an Aussie Furry..
And being glad I'm a few thousand km away from this crazy dude. (I don't want him accidentally blowing up my city before I do!)
@@WTB1327 I can assure you I am in fact very much a furry 😁
I’m not connected to my wifi right now but I’ll gladly use a chunk of my data to watch some mChemistry.
You're my favorite CZcams channel thank you for sharing ❤️
Thank you for watching!
Happy new year matey 👍🍺
"upside down fella has an existential crisis about highly suspicious boom phenomenon." There fixed your title.
That's an odd looking reaction. It doesn't seem to be taking place between the bismuth and the acid but only around the edges as the acid evaporates. Either the temperature required is higher than the boiling point of the acid or there is likely a third reactant present, perhaps CO2 from the torch or N2 from the atmosphere. The boiling point of perchloric acid is 397F. Try heating the bismuth to 400F and then add a drop of the acid and see what happens.
perfect timing just got out of an all nighter binge watching old chemistry videos
I’m 73 and if you think your peculiar to ‘now’ you’re not. I watch so much of your stuff and have a giggle thinking back to my shenanigans at your age, but I was a couple grades lower than your understanding of the processes. Had some great books and always researched well and I guess I’m still here. You have a great personality and I love the open book videos not hiding the grrrrr bits. Take care.
8:11 whenever it propagates, it does so clockwise. Bismuth has magnetic properties. Could you please try the test again on some magnet paper? I wonder if the paper will pick up any magnetic waves or eddy currents around the explosions. I think we may be onto something!
I noticed something interesting when dissolving magnets in Nitric. The rotation of particulates in the acid changed when the poles did.
Wow, how weird: I was JUST wondering why my blowtorch and bismuth + perchloric acid cabinet was prone to explosions!
I absolutely fucking love your videos mate! Always a great laugh and learn something knew everytime I watch
nice way to start the year , cheers!
Is this stuff shock sensitive? If not, I may actually be able to check it out on powder XRD, if you want an x-ray analysis to pour over!
I would call it FCK-M3!
FCK-M8
FCX-M3-2
Love your work man.
thanks mate!
So excited to watch this! I wish you would make more bit it is understandable. Love the content!
I comment to help statistics
Surprisingly relatable