Introduction to epigenetics - Learn.OmicsLogic.com
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- čas přidán 26. 07. 2024
- This course is a part of a series of bioinformatics modules designed to introduce biologists to analysis of various omics data types. Learn more: learn.omicslogic.com
Epigenetics refers to mechanisms of gene expression regulation that do not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence. At least three systems including DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) are considered to play fundamental roles in epigenetic regulation.
Epigenetic regulations play an important role in a variety of human disorders and diseases. In addition, age, environment, lifestyle, and other factors influence epigenetic states.
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression has been linked to discrete mechanisms that affect the stability, folding, positioning, and organization of DNA. The most studied of these mechanisms includes DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling, which work synergistically to organize the genome into transcriptionally active and inactive zones.
To better understand the bioinformatics approaches to studying the epigenetic changes in cells, it is firts important to understand the biology and the molecular assays that are used in researching these regulatory mechanisms.
0:00 Introduction
2:34 Epigenetics is
2:48 On the Way From Code to Function
3:45 The Epigenome: DNA
4:37 DNA Methylation
6:11 Histone Modification
7:42 Chromatin Packing
8:23 What Regions can be Affected?
9:02 1. ChIP-Seq: Immunoprecipitation
10:15 Analytical challenges: ChIP-seq
11:11 2. Whole Genome Bisulfate Sequencing
11:30 Analytical challenges: WGBS
Much respect to the Brilliant scientists throughout history who figured out all of this that can’t even be seen
bro, our eyes are like lenses and shit, if we use a microscope it is same stuff like in eye aperature, so we can see :-)
edit: and like in english language "I see" means also I understand, so we see with mind and power of friendship also xd
Holy.. He is not a biologist by education but he is the best at what he teaches. Thank you Elia
thank you, Krishna!
Thanks for this video. BTW, those little beads/bumps are called "nucleosomes," which consist of 8 histones and 146 wrapped DNA bases.
thanks, Anne! Glad you liked the video.
At about 4.47 you refer to cytosine as an amino acid, maybe just ad a square saying "nitrogenous bases".
Great clip! Thank you
Thank you for the comment, we will definitely update
This was very helpful, thank you!
Glad it was helpful! Please make sure to visit the full site here: learn.omicslogic.com/
Very well explained!
Thank you!
Thank you , this was one of the best explanations I have ever seen
Thank you! Please make sure to visit the full site here: learn.omicslogic.com/
This was really good. Thank you!
Glad it helped!
Any animations of epigenetics transfers when cells divide?
best video yet!
Wow, thanks!
What a great great video
Muito obrigado.
Love the video thanks 😍
Glad you enjoyed it!
Question..... can anyone explain or give clarity on the following ... does any change to typical Purine & Pyrimidine, folate, B6 or B12 pathways during pre or early post natal periods result in heritable genetics that could be passed from that baby should they procreate in later life?
I believe it is bisulfite, not bisulfate, sequencing (someone correct me if I am in error here), but otherwise this is an excellent video.
Thank you
You're welcome
Very good.
Thanks!
If you call that an intro to epigenetics, than i think i need an intro to the intro😉
Maybe an introduction to bioinformatics :) edu.t-bio.info/course/introduction-bioinformatics/
@@omicslogic @2:02 what word did you say here? I listened over and over but I'm not getting it.. and another at @8:51. Wids?
Your content is great, it really is but practice enunciating words better, please! So many times I had to re-listen. Like "groups of Adams" sent me looking on Google for wth they were. You meant "atoms", I see now but it was confusing for a moment there. Constructive criticism only, my friend :)
@@___Zack___ - in 2:02 I believe you are referring to "variegation in fruit flies" ..... The effect is the variegation in a particular phenotype i.e., the appearance of irregular patches of different colour(s), due to the expression of the original wild-type gene in some cells of the tissue but not in others, as seen in the eye of mutated Drosophilamelanogaster.
at 8:51 - "Widths" sorry if it was not clear!
And thanks for the constructive criticism!
@@omicslogic Ahhh for that first one, it was a new word for me. Thanks a lot for clarifying that, and teaching me a new word :D
Much appreciate the clarification! Now, onto thumbing up your other videos after watching them in the order posted 😁
@@___Zack___ Turn on the closed captions (CC).
Good video
Understanding Methylation
I have a question that isn't quite related to epigenetics but more to something you mentioned-- You said that Chromatin Packing has a governing effect on processes including apoptosis. How could this be the case? Do cells willingly undergo apoptosis or is it the same thing as lysing the cell itself? I've only heard the word apoptosis used in the context of osmosis from a hypotonic(I think) solution being an environment in which cells will explode.
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes and death. These changes include blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, chromosomal DNA fragmentation, and global mRNA decay. It is regulated by certain genes which trigger this process. These genes can be more accessible for translation as a result of chromatin accessibility.
Very nice explanation, stealing some ideas!
Glad it was helpful!
Very helpful 👍
Need I link for I rest of videos
Please join a hands-on version of these courses on learn.omicslogic.com
good program you may find useful
👍🏼💪🏾👑 Top thanks. Good morning, a question please, the methylation and ipermethylation of the DNA can stopped celular neoplastic? SAM ( S- Adenosil Metionina) is it useful, is it good to take 400 mg every day to silence the transcription of cancer? thank you very much.
Andrea Lacerenza
@ 8:42, the 3'UTR is not part of an exon. Exons end at the STOP codon. The 3'UTR is after the STOP codon. Where did that graphic come from?
Do the mRNA vaccines can change metylation? SPIKE? Wot group B we know is needed to metylation and after vacciness people have some neurological shmptomes which was gone after wit B and D suplementation? CRISP/Cas and SPIKE is there any bond? Is tha posiible somehow that ant virus can chamge DNA like we observe in plants world- viris can change colour of the leaves or fly wings?
Thank you ,what about non coding RNA?
We are working on updates please visit learn.omicslogic.com for full lessons and practical tutorials
Nice....
Thanks! Please make sure to visit the full site here: learn.omicslogic.com/
5:10 , my favorite part
Groovy Biology you got past the introduction without any beats?
brahhhhh
i was looking for something like this lol
I like to make my speciality epigenetics and I really have no idea which program its part of I didn't finish my high-school yet and interesting these things plz anyone can direct me which courses and programs should i take and which faculty should i join so i can take epigenetic as my major ?? thanks you
You can explore this topic on our OmicsLogic Learn portal: learn.omicslogic.com
what are the resources you used in this explaination please ?
learn.omicslogic.com
FYI Cytosine is NOT an amino acid!
Fahd Alhamdan - you are right, it is one of the four main bases found in DNA and RNA, along with adenine, guanine, and thymine (uracil in RNA).
@@omicslogic correct
He misspoke. It's fine.
I was under the impression that it was recently discovered that methylation has inherited to some extent.
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, (TEI), is the transmission of epigenetic markers from one organism to the next (i.e., parent-child transmission) that affects the traits of offspring without alteration of the primary structure of DNA (i.e. the sequence of nucleotides) - in other words, epigenetically.
A bit of confusion in that it is not clear which processes are naturally occurring and which are done in the lab.
The natural process is being studied using a laboratory technique that generates the data
I have a project about dna methylation epigenetic control of gene expression can you help me about I get information about this topic any reference
Please take a look at our research fellowship program where we can match you with a mentor helping complete the analysis project: fellowship.omicslogic.com
I have a question that is making me sick. I thought that methylation should always be interpreted as a repressive mark. So, how is it that H3K4me3, H3K36me, and H3K79me for example could lead to gene expression? thank you
Histone modification is more like bookmarks that establish certain regions to be open or closed, thus regulating which genes are expressed.
@@omicslogic thanks for answering me! I understand, right. But I wonder why some methylations repress gene expression and other methylations are positive marks for gene expression. Why is that? I used to think that,for example, acetylation was an "active" mark and methylation was always a "repressive" mark. Thanks
Why when something can't be explained, the next chapter is named "EPI"? Why not modify the genetic principles, instead of opening a new chapter?
Read this pls..i just took a tetanus vaccine and it has differential extraction-methylation CAN THIS CHANGE MY DNA ?
I don't think so
@@omicslogic do you know what kind of vaccine is tetanus ?
هل DNA methylation benifit or harmless ??and whay
it is not harmful or beneficial on it's own, it is a mechanism of regulation. If the regulation is disrupted it can lead to bad outcomes. edu.t-bio.info/courses/epigenetics1
With respect that’s not an introduction. That is a technical overview. Please label things for what they are to avoid wasting people’s time and creating frustration
it is an introduction to a much more complex and technical course, for more high level overviews plenty of youtube videos can be found as well. You can learn more here: learn.omicslogic.com
This mono-tonal recitation of a poorly written textbook is more confusing than helpful. This format might be ok for someone reviewing epigenes, but as an introduction to a newbie, not so good. And it is a pity since whoever created this did a lot of work. I feel bad writing this public criticism, but this is more helpful to you than a glowing compliment. Another thought you might consider is to only put up images that make a specific point. Textbooks are stuck having to fit the text and images together, but a living narrator has the choice of what images to show the audience. By synchronizing the narration and images, difficult ideas can be clarified much better than they can be on a printed page. Bottom line... look at this presentation as a two pillar approach to understanding concepts... and make sure both pillars are working together. Thankfully there was no music. That would have made it unbearable.
Joe, I am sorry to hear about your feelings towards the video - if you did not enjoy it that’s ok. And thanks for great suggestions!
@@omicslogic I'm a biomedical graduate student, and I have to say, I strongly disagree with this critique. The subject was properly detailed, perhaps with the exception of trivial historical details. I find that students taking intro bio and genetics courses struggle to keep pace with this type of lecture due to their reliance on things like Khan academy, and the simplified verbiage used to explain these topics. Overall I think this is a good lecture, concise, and generally without errors or outdated information. If a student wants to pursue meaningful research of these topics, this is generally what they will hear and be expected to digest in their studies.