Grace: Causes, Justification, and Merit (Aquinas 101)
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In justification, God infuses into the soul supernatural habits of faith, hope, and love.
Justification then is a kind of new order and righteousness created in us by the interactivity of grace, which reorients both the mind and the heart toward God. Yet in heaven, we possess God no longer by hope, but by an enduring union of love that cannot be lost.
Grace: Causes, Justification, and Merit (Aquinas 101) - Fr. Thomas Joseph White, O.P.
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As a Reformed Protestant slowly becoming Catholic, this video is the most clear, concise, and helpful for understanding the Catholic position on justification and merits I have been able to find.
Will keep you in my prayers. I hope you find your journey home brother.
Thanks, Matthew! Check out this interview with Fr. Thomas Joseph as well: czcams.com/video/0rjjve2NqOI/video.html
Hi, you took the words right out of my mouth. I was just telling my wife that in the first minute and a half I got more answers then I have looking through a couple of books. I'm coming form a reformed positions as well. Do you have any recommended books or others sources that have helped you.
@@l3arn656 hello, the Catechism and Fundamentals of Catholic Dogma by Ott were (are) helpful for me. I suppose it depends on what topics you are interested in learning more about in particular, but those two are great imo.
Hey Matt, same here. I have been on a journey this past 4 years. I was reformed and there were so many inconsistencies that I had to look at Eastern Orthodoxy and now Roman Catholicism. It all began with the Eucharist.
Thank you, Lord Jesus, for the gift of The Thomistic Institute! Each time I listen to a talk, I just fall more and more in love with God! Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam!
Clearly now and ever I’ve born and raised as a Catholic in a third world country Philippines have attended Sunday mass learn Biblical stories from childhood accompanied my grandmother to her daily routine 6 pm rosary have been taught and lived the importance of the seven sacraments of the Church still after being so faithful of being a Good Catholic Christian still i have been confused and doubts on the right path to Holiness and to be in Heaven and Glorifying God forever and ever in His Majesty and presence! Now Thank you Father you have all sorted it out! I got a clarity and an epiphany sudden realization of things on how to be always in Gods Grace k! More of this kind of videos k!
As an Anglican in my first year of a Theology degree, these videos are invaluable! No adverts either. Thank you
We're so glad the videos are helpful! Thanks for taking the time to watch and comment. May the Lord bless you!
In my end days i have memorized in my heart n mind the prayer of St Paul the Apostle of the Gentiles before he was beheaded in Rome for spreading and preaching the Goodnews and the Gospel of Our Salvation through Faith Hope n Love to Jesus Christ our Lord God! I qoute I have fought the Goodfigth, i have run the race, i have finished the course, i have preserved the faith! Now Lord God this humble servant is ready to receive his reward! K
Listening to this explanation for the first time. It talks about Good as author of grace, but yet there is a requirement of a action or duty. I can see why Martin Luther was so depressed and unsettled until God opened his eyes to see that the just shall live by faith.
Grace is a gift of God. It is not earned by desire or effort, but by faith. Then he works in you tbrough sanctification as you do away with sin in order to live a new life through our lord Jesus Christ.
Thank you, Fr. White
Clear, concise and loving definition of Grace. Marvellous. Pax Christi.
Simply precise, understandable, and beautiful. Thank you so much.
Our pleasure!
Fr. Thomas Joseph: Christ is risen! 🤗
He is risen indeed!
Beautiful!!!
Thank you so much yet again !
Wow great job explaining justification!
Whoa. A lot packed in there. Thank you...
Thank you!
May Jesus bless you!
Thanks much for this video.
...So 'Operative' Grace is Sanctifying Grace which works in us to WILL and 'Cooperative' Grace is 'Actual' Grace which works in us to ACT, according to Philippians 'He works in us to WILL and to ACT'?
This is a very elegant explanation which bypasses completely the largely fictitious problem of 'Efficacious' vs 'Sufficient' Grace...
I like it!
A beautiful video,thanks,so comforting ,Would like to revisit ,again.
A beautifully delivered video, thanks! Encouraging too,as we strive to know how God's plans for us occur ,in cooperation with God .🙏
Such a beautiful video thanks Fr ,I pray n hope for the graces I need to follow Jesus more closely n gain salvation for self n family.
Thank-you! 🙏🏼✝️☕️📖
Cheers!
That is a lovely video thanks, Such wonderful gifts God bestows on us in various ways .will keep praying for the guts n grace needed on one's earthly journey ?
This is a jewel! God bless you, fathers, and your Thomistic institute.
czcams.com/video/j6ps2p5ehB0/video.html
So you, my child, be strong in the grace that is in Christ Jesus. 2 Timothy 2:1.
Thank you Father, so inspiring! May God richly bless you!
May God bless you too!
Excellent work once again!
Would be grateful if you could do a video on why redemption came through the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Christ rather than by any other means!
God Bless!
Grace is gratuitous! Given by God not because we have done Good things doesnt depend on what we have done given by the Good Lord God out of His Divine Mercy its transformative to power of Faith Hope and Love! Thank you Father for this videos! Sanctifications through Grace! Lumen Glorie! The Divine Vision of God! K
I am a Catholic school teacher and I appreciate this a lot.
I'm glad it's helpful!
You can read about merit and it's sine qua non, Grace in Ia q.62. Although it's in relation to the angels, it also gives a fundamental treatment of merit and Grace which is relevant to us, human beings.
This video reminded me of the hope we have for heaven. That by God’s grace I, a regular sinful person, can spend every moment for all of eternity in heaven with God and all his angels and saints, and experience a life, love, joy, and peace not imaginable in this life. Easy to forget that sometimes. I was able to attend a weekend retreat fall of 2016 lead by Fr Gregory Pine, Fr. James Brent, and Fr. Benedict Croell. The Dominicans are a really great bunch. God Bless! BTW, how many videos will there be in this series? Trying to decide if I should go back and watch the series again one video a day (this time taking notes) or wait until it finishes and then go back?
Wonderful to hear! There will be 87 videos in all. They'll continue to drop 1x/week through the second week of November.
A great and inspiring video,thanks! Love the mention of those who have died in God's friendship ,experience the Beatic vision of God? Hope I got that idea right ?
According CCC#2006 merit in general term recompense owe. Merit has two theological definition merit reward as punishnent and merit reward as beneficial good.. Merit is relative to justice
I'm beginig to understand how to explain to some of my family and friends, why good works alone don't earn you salvation (justification) that you require the grace from the sacraments and the holy mass other wise you risk of becoming a pelagian catholic. But it is quite difficult to explain without using philosophical terminology
Is there a full version of the music of the bells in the introduction?
Is Thomistic theology generally accepted in Catholicism? How common is it? Are his views of justification and predestination acceptable to most Catholics? To the magisterium?
is our cooperation with grace rejectable?
Listening to you explain this is like seeing Messi play football... You make it sound so eassy! What's the teaching of Eastern Christians about divinization? Do they have the same concept?
Dear Brother in Christ Francisco, greetings to you from India.
I am from an Eastern rite of the Catholic Church. We have a very similar teaching. It's called theosis - which is an inexhaustible union with God. We never comprehend him fully in his essence, but rejoice in oneness with him, as Christ wills. This mode of union with God, which enables us to be one with him, while maintaining our person hood is called Energies of God. While having access to the Energies, we achieve a state of redemption and union with God, become one of the Saints in heaven, and receive perfect and never ending joy, for which God created each human person.
May you receive the grace of God, and receive his peace and joy in your heart.
With warm regards to you
Tiju
@@TheTijuT Tiju my brother! Many thanks for your answer! I think indeed it's a different explanation, but not opposite from Wester Theology. In the video Fr Joseph (if I didn't get it wrong) explains divinization is something God grants you in the afterlife. Would it be the same with theosis or you can reach it in this life? Do Eastern Thologians distinguish justification, santification and divinization as well? or theosis would include all of it? I think there's also a controversy on whether grace is created or uncreated... I'm sorry for bothering you with all these questions (and our friends from Thomistic Institute) but I'm trying to have a better understanding of these issues. God bless you and your beloved country. Big hug from Argentina
@@franciscoojeda5553 Dear Brother in Christ, Greetings and thank you for your gracious response.
I do not think I will be able to type out and do justice to all of these questions at once, here. Could we email, and then coordinate and meet on watsapp or so, to discuss, please? I will be happy to listen to you, and share whatever little I know about our shared life in prayer and faith. It's a beautiful thing that we, from different parts of the world, are together in our Lord.
Take care dear Francisco.
You and your country are dear to me.
My email ID is tt332@cornell.edu
Would the Sacraments I.e. Reconciliation, be a way of Sanctification? So Justification helps us to turn to God to when we have signed so we may receives His Grace, and Sanctifcation are the Sacraments which Inpart Gods Grace? Does this make sense?
Yes the sacraments are instruments of grace - each giving a specific kind. These can provide both initial justification - baptism and then continued sanctification through habitual reception of the Eucharist, of Confession etc.
What did he mean by "realistic grace"?
Do you guys have any videos on double predestination? And efficacious grace. In the video you guys had done on predestination it makes it seem as if grace can be denied, but wouldnt accepting grace be a gift of grace itself?
Accepting grace is itself an effect of grace, since no creature by its own natural powers can move itself to supernatural acts. For the will to be able to embrace the gift offered to it, it must first be inwardly moved and drawn by grace.
Is the act of repentance a human work or a cooperation of one's will along with God's will?
EVERY good act is primairly caused by God, including contrition/repentance.
Father, how can I increase my vocabulary to understand all these lessons? Everything goes over my head
I reply the videos a couple of times then after a few days I watch them again and even if I think I have memorized the videos each time something new comes to my understanding, finally I write down the main ideas as if I wanted to make a synthesis so I can explain this to others, and that has helped me a lot
@@DistributistHound wow thank you so much, this helps alot!
Ask God to help you to understand the Bible and His principles. The Lord shall help you❤
Through life of Faith Hope n Love by the Sanctifying Grace Given by the Good Lord God to St Paul the Apostle of the Gentiles that Light and Love that strucked him in the road of Damascus to persecute Christians he has the authority from the Chief Priest of Jerusalem then to bring Christian binded in chain to Jerusalem to be tried and to executed Hes life turned upside down 360 degrees then when He got the Lumen Glorie the Divine Vision of God that he fell on his Horse and temporarily get blind when he Got this vision and instruction from the Good Lord Jesus Christ to spread the Goodnews the Gospel of our Salvation and Redemption through Faith Hope n Love to follow the Life and teachings of Christ k!
"Grace is a gift and a participation in the life of God" - well said ... and WHAT a gift, blossoming into eternal life!
*Question for any St. Thomas fans who see this comment*:
What wording would you use to describe how God is present everywhere - just "omnipresence"? In the Eucharist (as per 2:22) God is present both substantially (God himself) and the sacrament is an instrument of God's grace -- but is there a third way (i.e. a kind of omnipresence, "around the Eucharist" or "around the chapel" in a sense, in which God is present everywhere all the time)?
Would that simply be called omnipresence, and if so, would that omnipresence in a way be simply an emanation from the Eucharist itself, since the Eucharist is substantially God? I want to avoid anything that sounds like pantheism, obviously, and so I looked this section up in the Summa (First Part/Q.8/A.3/Reply to Obj.1), and I think this hints at the answer, but what do you think?: "God is said to be in all things by essence, not indeed by the essence of the things themselves, as if He were of their essence; but by His own essence; because His substance is present to all things as the cause of their being."
A good shorthand is to say that God is presence to all things by essence (as giving them being), presence (in that they are transparent to his gaze), and power (as giving and activating their agency).
@@ThomisticInstitute I like that - thanks
This video was difficult to understand. He was talking so fast I had to close my eyes to catch every word, pause look up the definition of multiple words, rewind and replay multiple times. I’m not asking that you dumb it down, just speak a little slower.
How does this work with Aquinas’ view on justification? He sounds Protestant here.
It must not be supposed, however,
that the doers of the law are justified
as though acquiring justice through
the works of the law. This cannot be
accomplished either by the ceremonial
works, which confer no justifying
grace, or by the moral works, from
which the habit of justice is not
acquired; rather, we do such works in
virtue of an infused habit of justice.
St. Thomas Aquinas
Commentary on Romans
You don't enter in a state of justification by works. Good works can only be performed AFTER you've been justified, cooperating with the virtues that God has infused into your soul, and these works will increase your justification.
"Good works" and "ceremonial works" are not to be confused. This is the trap almost all protestants fall into.
@@FiatMihiSecundumVerbum I know, but Aquinas specifies that justification cannot be accomplished by ceremonial works or good works.
@Jacob Strange
Aquinas’ view is thoroughly Catholic. Basically, what he believes is that NO work (whether ceremonial, moral, etc) has any merit whatsoever if it’s a natural work. But Aquinas would distinguish natural works from works of Grace. He would say that works of Grace are meritorious because God is producing them in and through us - God is the principal source of those works. Moreover, grace-enabled works do not make God owe us salvation because when he crowns us, he’s really crowning his own merits. So the difference is natural work vs Graced-work. I refer you to the council of Trent.
@@Mkvine very helpful thank you
I'm a Catholic, and a former Calvinist, but I'm a bit concerned and confused about the justification doesn't occur by faith alone. Catholics seem to forget to read their Bibles when St. Paul says "justification is by faith alone" on multiple occasions (Gal. 2:16, Rom. 3:28, Eph. 2:8-9, etc. al.). Whenever I bring this up, Catholics give a cop out answer: they say "but have you ever read James?" This is a cop out because it tacitly implies that James contradicts Romans, and the Bible cannot contradict itself. The question would still remain, and even prompt another question: how can we reconcile James 2:24, the only place it says we are justified not by faith alone but by good works, with literally every other verse (so many) which say that it's by faith alone. Again, I'm catholic, but this has long been a stumbling block for me.
Thomas Moore. I am not a Catholic (at least not yet), and have been a lifelong Protestant, but I think (!) I have something of an understanding of the Catholic concept of Justification, which is basically like the combination of the Protestant doctrines of Justification (by faith) and Sanctification. Catholic teaching does not draw a sharp line between Justification and Sanctification like Protestant teaching does. What separates man from non-rational animals is intellect and will. Per Catholic teaching, at Justification God infuses into a person the theological virtues: faith, hope, and love (1 Cor 13). Faith in the intellect, and hope and love in the will, but at the beginning of conversion only faith in the intellect is operative -- hope and love in the will "roll out" later as that person develops in Christian life. I don't think it's all that different from standard Protestant lines such as, "saved by faith alone, but not by a faith that is alone," or "if a man is truly saved, then he will have [God-wrought] works to show for it." BTW, I believe the term "faith alone" only appears once in the New Testament -- in James 2:24. In Paul's writings on Justification, he seems to contrast faith with "works of the [Mosaic] law", not with works per se (i.e., the Decalogue). The above post is my understanding at this point -- any Catholics or others are welcome to correct anything I have written.
@@stcyprian642, this sounds fairly correct.
The idea that the term merit is used at all in my opinion devalues the entire work of Christ on the cross. His death and imputed righteousness through justification by faith alone was enough. Please Read Romans and not Aquinas.
@@ericreddish3188 well said
@weaponofchoice-tc7qs If righteousness is really infused, you wouldn’t sin again
The way out of pelagian catholicism
@WeaponOfChoice yes I agree but how do I say that, to someone who says that the important is not religion but doing good things and not stealing, not killing etc.
Every Protestant that proclaims that we are justified by Faith Alone should HEAR these FOUR words by James 2:24 echoing in their heads:
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
"not by faith alone."
The Protestant Scripture Twister Series #4 - Luther 2:24
czcams.com/video/UoYYXo7wjdQ/video.html
Have you increased or decreased the level of justification you received at baptism? Answer decreased. If you stayed at the same level or increased ever so slightly when you die you avoid purgatory and all that torment.But it’s impossible to avoid purgatory, because you have to be perfect. How do you sleep at night knowing your going to suffer for thousands of years?
session six Canon 11. if anyone says
that men are Justified either by the
imputation of righteousness of the
righteousness of Christ Alone
or by the remission of sins alone
to the exclusion of the grace and love
that is poured forth in their hearts by
the Holy Spirit and is inherent in them
or even that the Grace by which we are
Justified is only the favor of God let him be anathema and finally if anyone says that the guilt is
remitted to every penitent sinner after
the grace of justification has been
received and that the debt of Eternal
punishment is so blotted out that there
remains no debt of temporal punishment
to be discharged either in this world or
in the next in purgatory before the
entrance to the kingdom of heaven can be
opened let him be anathema
they do not preach the same gospel
@@Wgaither1 And if you believe in Faith Alone/By-itself/only, then you are following one of three heresies found in the New Testament. Canon 6 shows why all of Protestantism is heretical. The Heterodox don't follow the Gospel found in the NT. They follow the gospels of the Reformers. I've proved this over and over again.
@Wgaither1 What makes you think I will suffer for thousands of years. You don't understand purgatory. ITs not suffering in torment. Its longing for beatitude.
At Baptism, I became sanctified and justified. No quantification on that is necessary; only protestants put a number on that. We are conformed to Christ at Baptism. As we grow in Christ we become greater partakers of the Divine Nature. Wgaither1, that means we become more conformed to Christ. We grow in sanctification/justification, which are 2 sides of the same coin.
You don't understand scripture very well and this is your own fault because you will not throw off the bonds of Protestant slavery. You know I am correct. And that is what convicts you. Whoin their right mind would be in a system of belief that has so many contradictions among themselves. Only an idiot.
@weaponofchoice-tc7qsSorry can’t be Catholic, too many problematic teachings in the CCC and code of canon law. If I find just one problematic teaching in the CCC, which I have, that rules out the Roman Catholic Church as a true church
No you're wrong another heretic Grace does not cause it baptism does and only Catholic baptism nothing else