Genetics | X-chromosome Inactivation, Barr Bodies, and the Calico Cat
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- čas přidán 26. 12. 2018
- X-chromosome inactivation in various sex chromosome genotypes (XX, XY, XXY, XXX, XO) and resulting Barr bodies; the Lyon hypothesis; the proposed mechanism of Calico cats
Excellent explanation. I just adopted a little Calico.
Thank you! We have a Calico, aptly named Callie. She is featured on the thumbnail. That's her!
Have you ever seen a male calico??
Thank you for making this video!
Amazing explanation.. Clear and concise Thank you 🙏
thank you for such a clear explanation! subscribed & liked
I have 7 calico cats. It all started when we rescued two kittens from a deserted country road. A black and white male and a feral calico who was older. They are definitely a couple. He sings to her and dotes on their kittens. I can’t bear to have her fixed yet.
My goodness you're lucky in 45 and I've never owned a Calico. I've always already had cats 🐈 in my home when I was able to see one or ppl would dump them. I would feed them but they was always really wild. Never came close and I spent months trying. Every other cat I've ever tried to get to come to me I've always been lucky but not the calico. :(
Please get her fixed! Do you really want to bring more homeless hungry Kittens into the World?
that's adorable. I hope they're both still doing well :(
Amazing Explanation!!
Clear explanation, thanks .
great explanation
very well articulated
Thank you
thank you
thank you!!
Well explained 👏🏼 thx
Great video!!! The only good video
About x-inactivation on youtube👍🏽👍🏽
Thanks a lot
Very well explained
Thank you, Emila!
nice video very informative
Thanks!!
Thank you. Soo much,
Could you please give an example of a
maternal inheritance and a multifactorial inheritance trait or disease in cats?
Thanks sir very excellent explanation🤗
You're very welcome!
Hey guys I'm sad right now bc i own a cat named callie she's sweet she loves to cuddle she loves playing outside even though she doesn't have claws.
Anyways me and my mom tried finding her since this morning we had no luck I own 5 cats and everyone was there but her.
She is always the first one to come but she didn't show up so guys please pray for her we had callie for 4 years and I'm worried about her I told people on roblox but they didn't care they were like ur over reacting shut up ur cat ran away bc she hates you
MY mom spent all day looking for her please pray for her to be ok and to come home😢 she's a calico and looks just like this one!
I pray to God she comes back. I know at times more do then not they do come right back but others they will run for a day or even more. Prayers Please please don't pay those ignorant monsters any mind. It's so sad how some love to be mean and hurtful
@@MichelleRauKlimas739501 well i think shes dead ;( i think my naibor killed her bc he hates cats and we left one night came home she was gon;(
@@flowergirl1569 OMG NO WAY 😡🤬 HOW MUCH OF A MONSTER CAN 1 BE?
The really awful thing is I know just what it feels like. When I was a teenager our Next door neighbor killed our cat 🐈. He made a huge mistake though because my mother best him so badly he couldn't walk or come out for a few days. He was a mean sneaking snake. 🐍
My mom was going to the store and he was out front telling another person how he set our cat on fire. Mind you our cat never ever left our yard. He would not ever go out of our yard. My mom had extra high I mean very very high fence put up. That monster got our cat to come to the fence and he through gas on him. Our cat didn't bother anyone. He was a big huge orange cat 🐈 beautiful rat killing cat. Ppl who are able to hurt a poor fur baby are truly not to be trusted with anything.
I'm so sorry you had to deal with that monster.
Great video. But if the autosomal gene coding for white fur is dominant over the two X-linked alleles, and this white-fur gene is not "silenced", why is the cat not completely white since every cell will have it?
Hi there, I'm about to adopt a male calico. The problem is I read on some website that it comes with health issues. What's your experience? Any expensive visit to the vet?
I have a question, why did not all the cells express white pigment genes, since it is autosomal dominant gene, so are you saying that autosome chromosome can also be inactivated for some chance?
It’s not completely understood but here’s the way I understand it. In embryonic development, all cells come from precursor cells. These cells may undergo X-chromosome inactivation at different times. So the timing is what determines it. Later inactivation may cause the white patches. Also the large splotches of orange or black are due to precursor cells have an X-chromosome inactivated and all descendant cells having the same pattern.
will you explain Cimera?
A chimera is an organism that developed from derived from two or more zygotes that fused. Chimeric animals are produced from merging of multiple fertilized eggs.
@@CatalystUniversity Thank you, It was really well explained
but
can you give me a link to the other video that you're talking about at 2:30 (may be paste the link on the I button or in the description just a little feedback from a viewers)
what would happen if these bar bodies were also active
Bad things. Gene dosage is very important, so you may have too much expression for a particular allele which may cause abnormalities.
As a child we had a Tortoiseshell cat, what you call Calico, and he was male. And omen? I'm XXY too. 😂😂😂😂
If X-chromosome Inactivation makes calico cats, why AREN"T ALL female cats calico?
if this is true, how did tigers become calico?
So at three days old women have extra baggage 😮 that explains a lot
Very good video with good explanation!! I have one question though, since i am a woman, if barr bodies exist in all of my cells, randomly selected in each one, then doesn't this invalidate what we know about the necessary existence of two allelic genes (one from mom, one from dad) for the creation of each of my characteristics? for example, if the genes of one of my X are not transcribed in each of my cells, how is the color of my eyes determined, since I need both parents to have brown eyes/blue eyes etc
Remember that this only applies to the female sex chromosomes - X. All the other 22 pairs of chromosomes are unaffected (up to a point) by X chromosome inactivation which behave in pretty much the manner you describe. However, as far as the X chromosome is concerned, in a very real way mammalian females are a mosaic of characteristics of genes being expressed which originate from the father and mother.
In humans, the situation is more complex than describes since, in humans at least, not all the Xi chromosome is silenced and some genes escape inactivation. Some of these genes mirror those found on the Y chromosome and the region where they are found are known as the "pseudoautosomal regions 1/2" (there are 2 - one at each end of the chromosome). However, of more interest is the fact that other genes which are not on the Y chromosome also escape inactivation. The amount of the X that escapes varies from species to species with humans having about 12% always escaping with another 10% escaping depending on the cell type, organ or, indeed, individual. ( Note that the precise amount is being argued about but those values are in the right order of magnitude). Mice, however, have much less - about 7% ( a salutary warning about extrapolating from animal models to humans!).
The human female genes which escape are doubly expressed when compared with males and this is thought to contribute to some of the undoubted differences in health issues between males and females - a case in point is that the escaped genes include a number that are involved in the immune process and this is thought to contribute to the much higher incidence of auto-immune diseases ( eg rheumatoid arthritis) in women.