What does a regulatory T cell (Treg) do?
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- čas přidán 21. 07. 2024
- Learning objectives:
Explain the anti-inflammatory cytokine producing role of the Treg cell.
Describe the role of TGFβ in the Treg response and how this is a good example of a positive feedback signaling loop (common in immune responses).
Explain the function of the IL-10 cytokine.
Describe the cell lysis function of Treg cells.
Explain how Tregs lyse other immune cells.
Explain how this lysis function helps to avoid allergic and autoimmune responses.
Describe how Tregs can reduce IL-2 signaling to limit immune cell proliferation.
Explain the role of Tregs in preventing and causing disease.
Thank you, Dr. Jack Auty.
Thank u man for making learning easy.may god bless u
Thanks for the info!
Hey Dr. Jack - love the explanation :) I have recently been diagnosed with MS and was diving into all kind of research. As such interested in creating / biohacking my body as much as possible to reduce inflammation. Are there ways (perhaps such as fasting?) to increase apoptosis / stimulate the production of TGFbeta such that more Treg cells are produced? I have seen that in some mice models MS symptoms are reduced perhaps partially due to this mechanism. I believe fasting partially regenerates T & B cells through this method, although not fully wiping them out of course. I suppose it is difficult to replace the B / T cell instruction manual once they like to attack the CNS...
Hi there, I'm sorry to hear about your diagnosis. My thoughts are:
Don't do anything without consulting your doctor.
Do not rely on animal models for your information, they are incredibly bad at modeling effects in the human condition (on the order of 0.1% accuracy),
Cochrane reviews are an excellent source for summarizing clinical data. There was a recent review of dietary interventions in MS and they found no strong evidence for any effects. www.cochrane.org/CD004192/MS_dietary-interventions-multiple-sclerosis-related-outcomes
Having a healthy lifestyle is always good advice. Eat healthy and stay active while consulting your doctors and physiotherapists is all I could really say.
I wish you all the best and I hope new treatments are on the horizon.
Hi Dr Jack. These videos are proving to be great use to me for a university assignment. I was wondering which source you referenced using this video so I can look into this further? Was it The Journal of Immunology?
There is lots of research that go into this! So it's hard to give you a single citation. Some of the citations range from the the 1990s to 2020! So you'll need to do lots of research to get the full picture. Here is a good review to get you started. faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1096/fj.11-193672
Hi Dr. Auty. I have a question. Do not the T regs need to form immunological synapse to kill Th 1?
So are Th1 cells just CD4+ T cells that don't over-express FoxP3? And where do these exponential growths happen, inside the thymus (and/or lymph nodes) only or do they proliferate in the tissue where the inflammation is?
FOXp3 is generally associated with Tregs, not Th1 cells. Th1 cells don't seem to have a single master transcription factor. For example IL-2 is regulated by both AP1 and NFkB in Th cells.
The proliferation happens where ever there is APCs presenting to Th cells. This depends on the location of the infection and whether it is the first or second time you are being exposed to the pathogen.
If this is the first time being exposed to a pathogen the exponential expansion will most often happen first in the lymph node with DC-> Th interaction or spleen with Mac -> Th interaction, followed by peripheral expansion. But if it is your second exposure, you will have memory Th cells throughout your body and so the exponential expansion would likely happen first in the periphery.
Great questions!
so Dr. This treg will help auto immune (hyper immune) and reduce inflammation? please share your insight. Thanks
Yes dr eric berg talk a lot about that, and treg can also make it more 4x efficient is vitamin d, thant's why vitamin d is super anti inflammatory yet it has a critical role in preventing autoimmunity. Treg first name comes from "T" means thymus, All types of t cell like t helper cell, t killer cell & t regulatory cell were produced by your thymus gland, zinc has a role to increase the number of these t regulatory cell. In summary high vitamin d iu and zinc supplement prevent and treat autoimmunity, inflammation and a lot more.
Sir, is it possible for Tregs to eventually induce apoptosis in all the memory T cells that leads to the allergies?
Hi Riya, the answer is it's complicated. But mostly you are completely correct!
Studies in humans and mice show that if you (under medical supervision) gradually expose yourself to an allergen you can develop tolerance to this. AND this is, at least in part, due to your Tregs! There are other cells too, your dendritic cells and Bregs also play a role here. But if we deplete mice of all Treg cells, they cannot develop tolerance to an antigen through oral exposure (eating). So your Tregs are hugely important for this tolerance response.
My son was actually allergic to peanuts and eggs and we've gradually exposed him to these allergens and now he's eating peanut butter sandwiches and omelets! However, this doesn't work for everyone and do not try this without contacting a medical immunologist.
Um
Ok.
Is it safe ?
These cells are produced by your body and are an essential mechanism for turning off your immune system when it needs to. They're not only safe, but essential to normal function.
Vokume is too low, speech(voice) isn't well modulated for publication. Poor mudulstion +such low volume output makes your speed too fast to follow comfortably.
Wow, that's a weird way to spell volume.