IRON DOME: The Unexpected Technology...
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- čas přidán 2. 07. 2024
- Iron Dome, the Israeli system built to protect from rockets and missiles, is special. It has some capabilities that are rather uncommon among surface to air missiles. Let's dive deep into the IRON DOME technology!
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Iron Dome, the Israeli system built to protect from rockets and missiles, is special. It has some capabilities that are rather uncommon among surface to air missiles. Let's dive deep into the IRON DOME technology!
Join this channel to support it:
czcams.com/channels/VDkfkGRzo0qcZ8AkB4TMuw.htmljoin
Support me on Patreon www.patreon.com/Millennium7
One off donation with PayPal www.paypal.com/paypalme/Millennium7star
Join the Discord server discord.gg/nCHxkzyH9T
Buy an Aircraft Model at Air Models! airmodels.net/?aff=173
----------------------------
Ask me anything!
Take part to the community Q&A clicking the link below!
forms.office.com/r/LNPQtf3Tc0
--------------------
Visit the subreddit!
www.reddit.com/r/Millennium7Lounge/
---------------------
All images and additional video segments contained in the Thumbnails and/or B-roll segments are used in strict compliance with the appropriate permissions and licenses required from the source and in accordance with the CZcams Partner Program, Community guidelines & CZcams terms of service.
Thank you so much for this informative video! I'd been wanting to know more about how Iron Dome works, since it's in the news so much.
😊😊😊
0
100K Woot !
Could you investigate and maybe do a video about Iron Beam and other various "energy" weapons ?
Grazie !
Thanks a lot for explaining Iron Dome. It's in the news a lot these days, and so a lot of people want to know more about it.
Thanks very much for the explanations and research. You’re not “off your game” as I recall another comment?! You’re always willing to be corrected if something turns out to be inaccurate. You do your best with the information you have at hand and present it in a very clear and calm manner. Keep doing what you’re doing 👍
Congratulations on the 100k subscribers. Well deserved and hard earned. Your channel is my go to channel for aviation news, information, and entertainment. I keep you in my prayers for good health and a long life. GBY Sir.
Great video.
Congratulations to the 100k!
Excelent explanation of the Iron Dome. Especially the turn around rockets were confusing me but it makes sense that they redirect to another target.
Unguided homemade rockets.
it is a very impressive system indeed
the footage of "laser interceptions" is actually just lens flares of the explosions. the Iron Beam obviously uses IR light which isnt orange(as in the alleged videos)
Welcome again we missed you 😊
Congrats on the 100k. Its great to hear you speak about the aircraft greatest enemy(AA). When will you spoil us to a in debt dive on the S-400 system?
i love your explainations, they are so clear and insightful.
i also like a lot how you place the Patreon and subscribe requests at the end, make it look like your content is the priority infront of money and exposure (and it really is!)
the laser interceptor has been announced to be deployed sooner than expected, doesn't mean this weapon is used in the footage but there may already be intercepts going on
Dude, you are a LEGEND! Much love from the good old USA! ❤❤❤❤
that retargetting observation at the end was fascinating. Fired in pairs and the second retargeted if the first hits? Very clever.
The ELM 2084 can easily accurately track 100s of targets and provide that data to the entire Iron Dome network in real time. Its role is search and FCR, when it is in FCR mode it stops spinning and focuses on the sector where the rockets are coming from. It works similarly to the SPY-1 on US Arleigh Burke-class destroyers.
So it’s like a bargain AEGIS combat system? If it was my ass…. I’ll take that over just about anything else.
Tracking isn't equal to lock on, it needs much less tracking accuracy and data density.
@@joelau2383 Tracking is equal to lock for the ELM 2084 in most cases. The quality of track in search mode is good enough for a firing solution 95% of the time.
If an enemy plane was to fly near or over an Iron Dome site it would never get an RWR warning before getting shot out of the sky. It would detect the ELM 2084s emissions without getting "spiked".
@@miamijules2149
Aegis is 40 years old, everybody has it now.
My opinion, too.
Good to see you relaxing, strolling outside - better take Otis with you, he could need some nature time ...
Amazing tutorial. Thanks, as always.
This background colour is 😎😎
I wonder if Otis will approve this background colour 😅
Fantastic information, thank you.
Another great presentation! Thank you!
Thanks very much. I had no understanding of how the Iron Dome worked. Yet again you are providing information that can’t be found anywhere else!
I have seen myself Iron Dome in action in 2014 and I have been waiting this video for a long time. Great job as usual.
Interesting lighting
Thanks for lecture
Fantastic little insight on the Iron Dome
Really good as usual, thanks sir. Pleasure to watch each time
amazing as always!!!!
* Iron Dome has EO seeker and its nose cone opens in flight.
* 4-70 km is not the range of Iron Dome but the range of rockets intercepted by Iron Dome (it was increased to over 100 km). That means Iron Dome can intercept Grad, Uragan and Smerch type rockets.
Do you have a source for that first statement? I haven't been able to find any images of a Tamir missile with a rounded nose.
@@halthewise3995
Watch new video of this guy about the Iron Dome and u will see the source of my statement at 5:50 🙂
The system hasn't been exported to a single country. The only country other than Israel, which actually has the Iron Dome system is the US, who want to use it for defence of their military installations in the Persian Gulf Area and of expeditionary littoral USMC units, but the US is a co-developer, not to mention the main manufacturer, so this is not export. What HAS been exported is the EL/M-2084 radar, but as a stand-alone aerospace surveillance, not along with the missiles, their launchers and the fire control center.
If given SW update, could it target Cruise missiles And Planes.?
@@JMiskovsky
It likely can already, they are slower easier to hit targets.
@@JMiskovsky , it depends on what configuration the customer countries have ordered. Up to date all export customers have ordered the radar as a stand-alone, but the Israelis are developing their anti-air and anti-ballistic system as a modular system. Next to providing target information for Iron Dome batteries, the EL/M-2084 can also support David's Sling, Patriot, Barak and SPYDER batteries and even field artillery batteries with counter-battery targeting. Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary and Finland have ordered Israeli SAM systems.
@@Locomotion-uz4ly I meant using those missiles from Iron dome against planes.
It has been exported in 1:72 scale hehe hehe 😉
Thank you for this interesting analysis. Great video!
This channel deserves 1 million+ subscribers for the content, great work !
100000 iscritti? 👏 tutto meritato, sei uno degli analisti più obiettivi e competenti in circolazione. Grande!
Great job, thanks a bunch.
Thank you!
It is information like this I find hard to find. Thank you.
I was always wondering about the seeker, as to me an IR sensor didn't make sense, so I agree with your presumption that it's a semi-active radar seeker (as I can't see a fully-active unit being within the budget for such a missile).
I also think 70km, even ballistically is pretty optimistic for such a small missile. I doubt the max ballistic range is even half that distance.
As for reassigning missiles, that would be hugely impressive if that's what's happening... Though I'd always assumed that changing course mid flight was to try to normalise the horizontal tracking the missile had to do against more challenging targets to increase hit probability (an alternate flight profile if the threat was determined to not be following a ballistic trajectory eg a home-made rocket spiralling towards its target or otherwise, not flying straight).
The AEGIS can do that, the S-400 can do that, it is impressive for such a small system.
With the signal processing required transceivers are actually not much more complicated than accurate directional receivers. There is little point in it being semi active these days as opposed to fully active. You can do tricks with timing the difference between the radar pulse from the illuminating radar reaching the interceptor and the reflection reaching it, but this requires both to be in the beam, complicating the fire control further. Active is also able to be much more accurate in terms of direction, because reflections in the side lobes are reduced by both the illumination and the receiving. A target in a 10% side lobe will have 10% return in semi active mode, but only 1% return in fully active mode because it is also only illuminated 10%.
If the fire control system is good enough to get it within ~30m, and closing rate is not stupidly high (possibly a reason for the turns), the radar doesn't have to be particularly powerful or sophisticated to get very close. If it is closing at a rate of 200m/s, able to accurately track the target from 200m, and able to pull a 10G turn, it can deflect up to 50m. Even a very simple radar could almost certainly find a track nearby given decent initial position and speed information.
I think they would be better thought of as active terminal guidance, rather than active. They are probably not going to do well in a fire and forget situation, as I expect most of their coarse guidance comes from the datalink.
@@agsystems8220I suspect you are a clever duck 😉
It's most like just the same interceptor that the Pantsir uses, both are around the same dimensions , weight and similiar aerodynamics
And claims of infrared or having any sort of its own radar seeker inside the missile are bullshit
@@xblade11230 so you think Iron Dome is command guided?
That's not a very accurate way of guiding an interceptor missile, hence why it's fallen out of use in favour of IR and radar.
Well done on hitting 100K subscribers!
Super interesting content, thank you! Actual missile video analysis was fantastic - very clear data link involved. Either that or the most advance onboard active radar deconfliction system. Given that, they cost a lot more than $50K each.
Very well reasoned overview. As for data link vs fire control - it doesn't have to be one or the other, it could be both. In particular: instead of a full data link for FP type controls, it could instead by a much simpler configuration like codes for self destruct, for redirect with a new target point, maybe a handful of overall variants. On the FCS side: destruction of primary target could simply be shift the missile to a standby mode where it awaits further instructions, may or may not send a signal noting this. The thing is - the target rockets in the footage shown are obviously very slow - the video footage plus low altitude implies speeds of 200 mph or lower. This means Tamir speeds of say, 1000 mph are far more than enough but the situation would be very different against supersonic missiles. Lastly: sonic boom. Rockets and missiles definitely do create them, but I wonder just how loud they would be if the sonic boom is facing upwards or sideways plus is relatively small because the Tamir is pretty small. We certainly don't hear the warheads going off...
Impeccable analysis
Keep it up!!!!! We love your no nonsense fact based information, cutting through the noise!!!!!❤
Always thought Iron Dome was rather unique in simply spamming relatively cheap missiles at saturation targets with the proviso that it intelligently engages only the most dangerous threats.
But as always your sharp eye spots more than what meets the eye. Splendidly informative M7 and congrats on 100K subs! Everyone was 100% earned and deserved.
excellent as usual
Iron Beam is being deployed early due to the pressing current needs. However, it is apparently going to only supplement the existing Iron Dome and not replace it. The intent appears to be to test the system in real world situations and potentially intercept some of the targets that exceed the volume limit of other systems.
I go to your videos like a laser when I see them come up. Thx.
Okay so dive time, derived from publicly available information.
> Radar seeker is INDEED behind the pointy nose, the black shell splits in half and blows open to expose the aeroshell around the seeker radome.
If you dig around enough you can find images of the radar configuration and nose designs.
Based on the wild trajectories the guess that it's reallocating is a pretty solid one, I'd say you're most likely right about the datalink, will have to check my imagery for conformal antennas
i knew you will talking about iron dome a day , thank you
In my opinion, both the system description (the radar kept hidden from inquisitive eyes) and the videos of intercepts suggest radar-guided missiles, with high tracking and computing capability on the part of the radar and the control station.
Yow 7* ...you're a brilliant guy 👍
Thanks!
Thank you!
Really good analysis.
This looks very much like missiles get a new target intercept midflight over datalink.
Though this does mean a a large workload for the controller, with modern computers size and power, I think it is possible Iron dome system can have this workload parallel to be able to control all its 20 missiles at once.
Regarding fire control; what's the odds that it's using some kind of _semi-autonomous_ control? That would be where the ground control up links just a projected trajectory of a target (which could likely be a single data packet broadcast omni-directionally) and then lets the interceptor handle things from there until intercept or the ground side decide to reallocate with another data packet. That could require very little C&C bandwidth and might not ever require a transmitter on the interceptor (the radar will likely need to keep track its own missiles, even if just to be able to ignore them).
I’m looking forward to the unveiling of your 100k plaque. Party time!😊
I believe that the interceptor is doing a J turn so it would be parallel to to the target improving intercept probability.
Very clever.
15:47 Yep, i think what we're seeing here are simple-ish missiles being given mid course guidance via multiple channels generated but the aesa radar.
Makes for simple (cheap) effectors because putting this kind of brains into the C&C and radar is easy.
If you could see in the EM spectrum you would see precise beams from the radar riding each effector onto the target.
They may not have any kind of terminal guidance, the pointy end could just be housing a radar prox fuze.
Oooh, maybe, _maybe,_ they have no brains, they're just missile drones, but with radar transceivers in the nose, and the C2 just uses them as supplementary radars?
So iron Dome "sees" via everything in flight, a true conductor of death.
It really would be trivial to process all that data.
Thanks for explaining Iron Dome defensive system. As others have mentioned it has been in the news a lot but I know virtually nothing about the system.
14:58 don't mind that one sir, it is just an UFO who's been caught into heavy missile air traffic.
Thanks
Thank you!
What you say at 15:00 about the possible changing of targets mid-flight can make good sense according to the footage. But, this is what we imagine to be the reason. Another would be the fact that it loses lock on the initial target, then the missiles sees another one and goes for that so it has to re-correct it's interception. What we could both agree on is that it shouldn't turn like that unless it changes it's interception. I think this could be quite clear. It would be a pointless loss of energy to do such turns in a pre-planned interception instead of doing the turn initially after launch and then go relatively straight for the target with smaller corrections as it should make normal sense. So, those turns are definitely abnormal for an efficient interception, so it's most probably a loss of the initial target either because it's gone or the missile looses lock on it and then re-engages as you've said.
Certain issues exist with lasers:
Output of power (control of beam)
Perpetual cooling
Thermal enlargement
Atmosphere scattering
I was hoping you would touch on the reports of lasers and such, thank you!
Fake. That was from a video game.
I hope you know I bought a Roomba because of you M7 🤣
Best purchase for my house I've made all year
It must use datalink! I bet too the misil use semi active head, or even without guidance system by itself in order to keep cost down. Obviously the difficulty to find pictures from inside the control unit could be to avoid adversaries learn how to jam it.
Great vid . I’d always assumed it was a bit like patriot. But this is a much cleverer application for their needs. ❤
HMS seems to be the placeholder on you tube for a certain group whose name needs to be be unsaid. Cappy from Task and purpose did this in his video on the subterranean tunnels of "HMS".
So next video about missle aerodynamics ;-)
Back when Iron Dome first came out I recall reading an interview with the chief designer. He said he realized that if they kept shooting multi million dollar missiles they would go bankrupt. So he designed a dumb but controllable missile with all the smarts on the ground. This lowered the consumable cost.
Thanks for this extremely insightful video! Although it seems to not go as deep as your other videos...
There is not much info out there...
Isreal is incredibly security conscious… if their had been much more detail in this video Gus might have had a visit from tanned gentlemen in suits lol
@@mcal27😅 Israel. Security conscious. 😂
@@yzdatabase4175 I’m not defending them or otherwise. But about military hardware etc it’s a fact. This isn’t a political channel
It looks like they chose a low impulse, high burn time motor to have a greater ability to change vectors mid-intercept without losing too much energy.
Very interesting indeed!
That target re-allocation looks very clever indeed. I wonder if there's an AI algorithm behind it. Since the system was designed as anti saturation CRAM, I imagine a human operator (or team of operators) would be rapidly task saturated.
I also imagine an algorithm could solve the problem, pretty much one we - non digital entities walking around with ATGMs in the 1980ies - would use to decide who would target which MBT in order not to fire too many missiles at the same target (we coupled 2 man 'fire units' to specific targets dependent on enemy formation and the positioning of the fire teams called A, B, C, etc. ) There was basically a 'routine' for nearly every (realistically) imaginable situation. That of course was on a horizontal plane only against relatively slow, lumbering steal beasts. If I consider Iron Dome having to do that in a 3D environment against a variety of faster (albeit non-maneuvering) objects with various trajectories and speeds.... wow.
I'd say one either has got to have an Ender kind of operator (is in the SF books/film) or a clever algorithm that can make decisions with a dazzling speed and precision.
so I wonder how it can independently do target detection/confirmation in missile in case a lot of targets at same time -> Id assume rockets are safe targets, but it would need human operator assist for planes, helicopters etc to avoid friendly fire.... eg image recognition on tip of rocket. with FCS I wonder limitations; either rockets are slow-ish and thus faster cruise missiles are harder than dumber rockets(ie interceptor has to have very robust target identification as time is of essence) in video clip.
@@effexon If I'm not mistaken Iron Dome has been designed specifically as a C-RAM (Counter - Rocket, Artillery, Mortar) system and not as a general purpose surface to air missile system. So deconfliction (preventing fratricide) probably wasn't the main concern if at all.
As for independent targeting and/or re-engagement by the missiles, I think that's enabled by a passive radar seeker looking for radar reflections in the sky made by the ground radar (homing) with an on board algorithm telling the missile something like "IF = _> < target nearest>." The missiles would most likely not be beam riding, since that would require the ground control radar having to produce a multitude of near constant beams. Instead I think the radar 'paints' a wide area of likely points of intercept and sends the missiles there. But it's all speculation from my part.
one of the most amazing defence systems everrr
I would think the real test of a system like this is if the attacker used a very large number of decoys (as your video on the Kinzhal demonstrated). This seems to me to be a case of designing a defence weapon on the assumption that your likely opponent doesn’t have some obvious countermoves.
These palestinian rockets are so cheap they can all be considered to be "decoys".
Normally, decoys are used to protect a more valuable payload carrier.
The system's development sounds a bit like that of the Sidewinder only sanctioned.
@Millennium7HistoryTech , pls also do a video about the Rafael SpyDer Ground Based Air Defense system ( Python 5 & I-Derby ) .
Excellent episode. But no Otis!! ☹️
@ costs of Iron Dome: The real equation is costs of possible systemic damage on the ground vs. cost of the defence system. The purely military-financial question of costs missile vs. missile is not important (at least up to a certain level). Btw: Concerning the philosophy and technology look at Russian immigrants and think 9M330.
It would be interesting to see because there is obvious a multichannel datalink between radar and rockets how much is system protected from jamming... For example what would a good Russian field jammer achieve against it...
i think those missiles have separated solid fuel "tanks" inside so they keep reserve fuel for end game maneuvaring or retargeting, if it used all together it would reach mach 2.3 and if used efficiently at high altitude it can reach 70 kms
Tamir missile has pretty similar dimensions with ESSM, QAMM or VL Mica, 20-40km is reasonable range but 70km is way too much.
Even with lower impulse higher duration burn time motor it is doubtful that the interceptor missile capable to perform useful intercept maneuver due to very low energy state.
Someone atlast came to save the reputation of Iron dome.
07:26 G and H band, Semi active .😮
07:40 Link 16..
everybody talks to somebody sometimes...
Very good presentation. Living in Ashkelon, I'm quite fond of Iron Dome even if it doesn't always work.
👍
so interceptor is cheap? only cost 100x more than target?
Shouldn't you not pare the iron dome with another system like the mantis to get better coverage and to address the overload issue?
I am surprised none the Hamas rockets have guided gliders (for accuracy and non-ballistic trajectory) as flight controllers are dirt cheap nowadays. Have you seen some videos with flashes from the laser version of the iron dome ?
Watch the video till the end, please.
Yeah, a simple glider vehicle that can manoeuvre would be problematic as they can turn into a vulnerable area so iron dome discounts it could be very difficult to deal with as you have to shoot everything down
@@Millennium7HistoryTech Fake ? probably one or two prototypes working/testing
@@noname-wo9yy Or maybe just some sort of a "second stage" or something like "gas thruster" stick on the side of the rocket, small explosive engaged by a timed primer, changing the course of the rocket by not much, but enough to get out of lethal range of ID launched missiles?
are you referring to UK storm shadow and russian made DIY mods glider bombs from older dumb bombs...
Thankyou for your service..
For your media content 😂👌
hmmmm, so an RPG to CU of each cluster should disable it
need me some iron dome aha
What I’ve been wondering is how different is the Iron Dome system to the RAM system commonly found on i.e USN warships? Are the capabilities similar or how novel is the Iron Dome compared to RAM? Is the Iron Dome hyper-specific to Israel’s threat profile? And if the goal was to deploy something fast why not the RAM? And reversely, would the Iron Dome be as useful if employed on warships?
The RIM-116 is a pure fire-and-forget point defense missile that uses a combination of anti-radar and infrared homing. That's not ideal against cool non-emitting targets like mortar rounds or short ranged ballistic rockets.
For the Tamir interceptor to be that cheap, its likely dont have neither IR seeker nor semi active seeker, but just datalinks from the fire control radar, thought a high refresh rate datalink. Make sense right???
Also the average interception speed could be supersonic but between mach 1 and mach 2, thus need less rocket propellant, smaller size, thus cheaper
Make sense?
@@LuqmanHM the fact sonic booms arent reported puts the intercept speed subsonic
I still don't understand why they didn't try something more akin to CRAM... i mean Iron dome was initially developed against single shot transients, mortar rounds and one off rockets... but against a really high number saturation attack it just seems a very inefficient way of defence 🤔
You'd think but alas C-RAM is very wasteful with bullets and needs hundreds to destroy a target. A better alternative, which is actually considered, is the Mantis. 35mm revolver cannon with 1000+ RPM firing AHEAD shells which are cheap yet use submunitions to increase hit probability by a lot.
That being said range is a concern and also debris to a smaller extent. Another problem is that it overlaps with the Iron Beam.
Wonderful information. When are we getting OTIS plushies!? Hahaha
Thanks!
I think the “laser” videos are misleading but not fakes - as in they’re real videos, not CGI, but they’re real videos of the Iron Dome. When a warhead explodes it illuminates the sky and for a moment a straight rocket trail looks like a laser beam.
Thank you for another rigorous analysis. I hate to imagine the development, introductory and continuing costs of this system. It sounds more like a David Weber SF story than modern air defence.
If a prototype of the Israeli laser interceptor has been built, wouldn't make sense deploying it anything for testing in a real combat?
As much as people like to speak badly about this system, I think they only do it because they dislike Israel. Iron Dome is a very impressive system, one that doesn't have much competition at the moment.
Theoretical 75% hit probability in case they fire two missiles at one subsonic target.
In fixed defences against simple ballistic targets I would rather expect installations with some 57mm cannons using airburst ammunition with laser activated detonator to be be the most cost-effective system. Fire into target trajectory and once ground station detects perfect position, laser blinks and activated round burst.
Using guided missiles against basically GRAD rockets is waste of money.
Such cannon system would also be able to quickly dispatch small drones.
The "lasers" look like lens flares from the usual fingerprints on the phone's lens...
There's no unnecessary censorship on X. Would that be a viable platform for you?
A good point that to launch missiles to intercept missiles means more than twice as much burning debris is raining down. Since the incoming missiles probably have a smaller explosive even than the interceptor missile, more damage is probably being caused by the intercepting missile than the incoming missile.
Hey. I got first view! They say you never forget your first time
???? Are you sure?