Have We Really Found The Theory Of Everything?
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- čas přidán 28. 04. 2024
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Written by Joseph Conlon
Professor of Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford
Author, Why String Theory? www.amazon.com/Why-String-The...
Edited and Narrated by David Kelly
Thumbnail Art by Ettore Mazza
Animations by the superb Jero Squartini www.fiverr.com/share/0v7Kjv using Manim - MIT License, (c) 2020-2023 3Blue1Brown LLC
Huge thanks to Jeff Bryant for his Calabi-yau animation.
Footage from Videoblocks, Artlist. Footage of galaxies from NASA and ESO.
Music from Epidemic Sound, Artlist, Silver Maple and Yehezkel Raz.
Image Credits:
NRAO Edward Witten
Paul, Dirac photo By Science Museum London / Science and Society Picture Library - The physicists Paul Dirac, Wolfgang Pauli and Rudolf Peierls, c 1953.Uploaded by Mrjohncummings, CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...
Timelapse video illustrating failure of cytokinesis with anillin knockdown and addback of GFP-Anillin S635D . Time from anaphase onset indicated in hours:min:sec.
Date 12 January 2017
Source S5 Video from Kim H, Johnson J, Lera R, Brahma S, Burkard M (2017). "Anillin Phosphorylation Controls Timely Membrane Association and Successful Cytokinesis". PLOS Genetics. DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006511. PMID 28081137. PMC: 5230765.
LHC scattering by Lucas Taylor / CERN - cdsweb.cern.ch/record/628469, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...
Perth Samuel Wiki, CC BY 4.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Darwin De Jeremy De Guzman - www.flickr.com/photos/awesome..., CC BY 2.0, commons.wikimedia.org/w/index...
Freeman Dyson ioerror, CC BY-SA 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via Wikimedia Commons
Video of String Theory conference from Stoney Brook Archives.
00:00 Introduction
05:28 The Five String Theories
14:05 One Theory To Rule Them All (M Theory)
26:07 Brane Cosmology
35:05 Proving The Unprovable
#stringtheory #mtheory
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yes
I see Zeta functions
String theory, when explained, always sounds to me like they have the right general idea, but they've got the order of things wrong- Or even completely backwards. What I mean by this is that they have the physical nature of the system inverted, because they rely too heavily on math and not enough on logic. So prodding around in the dark with math, but they're blind to the fact they've arranged everything inside out.
I would like to know if string theorists have tried seeing if they can, for instance, make the math work with the assumption that branes aren't wrapping around strings, but rather strings are pulled from the surface of branes. Similar to loose threads and stitching in a quilt. If the math for the strings and branes themselves works super well, and is super elegant, maybe it is describing something real, but they got the relationship between these fundamental objects wrong.
If that's what's going on, fixing the relationship in the theory may produce testable predictions, through a better understanding of what's physically happening, and describe how the quantum world produces the classical one.
Just a thought, anyway.
Anydesk is a common method for scammers to steal from you. It is far from safe and secure if you're not aware the tactics they use concerning that software. Plenty of scambait channels like Kitboga and Scammer Payback exemplify their methods and what to look for. Knowledge is power; protect yourselves.
Will try AnyDesk, but I want to tell you that I believe your channel is the best on CZcams and that I and many others depend on it almost like life giving air ... Hope you read my comment, otherwise I'll feel my appreciation didn't reach you!
I listen to all of your channels on repeat and have to say - you have an immense gift to be able to convey all topics you speak on with such clarity and calmness, while staying grounded in reality. That it makes difficult topics appeal to everyone. You and your team do great work - keep it up!
I do not know that he has more channels, amazing!!!!
@@27122712ful Check out “The Entire History of the Earth” and his bro “Pete Kelly” his channel is “History Time”
Agreed
@@Chill_Mode_JD Thanks for the recommendation, I will do it. He is a truly encyclopedist and have a passion to explain.
I remember he has a medieval history channel... if my memory serves me well
These docs are well-written, expertly narrated, and in my opinion, far better than anything produced by major tv networks or streaming services in recent years. Much thanks to the creators for this content. Keep doing what you're doing and I'll consume with fervor.
You can not really find The Theory Of Everything till you know and understand as to who is it that who wants to know the theory of everything.
lol
@@onehighman3071
Dear brothers and sisters,
I made an effort and have published a series of papers (totally 9 nos.) on "Theory of Singularity" based on real dimensions of space-time. You shall check my work, in which the path(quantum orbits) of the fundamental particle are waves giving shape to the particles as strings. Also, you will see the curled up dimensions in my articles. I have tabulated total no. of dimensions required for theory of everything.
"New study of Gravitation and Fundamental theory of Singularity" [Volume 10; issue 03,04; 2023] - ARC JOURNALS - International journal of advanced research in physical science - Open access for free download.
Hope this new study serves one fundamental for general relativity and quantum mechanics. Theory of everything is not an easy task, as gravitation is nothing but a path to singularity. Gravitation is not a wave at any point of space-time, as it is believed to be in existing researches. I have shown to run along the axis of the detected waves or ripples and terminating in singularity. Moreover, as far as I worked, universally gravitation is only used to channel the forces for creation and destruction by nature....thank you
While not a theoretical physicist or a mathematician of this caliber, I have, for years, followed the development of the various theories. The explanation of ideas presented in this video is the clearest I have seen. And for the first time, I understand how the theory works. Thank you.
I truly appreciate this channel. Great writing, great narration, not too technical, but not too dumbed down either... It's perfect.
I'm no expert, but I know a thing or two about getting lost in the elegance of a problem and over-engineering a solution until it has no practical value. String Theory has always felt exactly like that to me.
If I’m recalling correctly this is similar topic of Sabine Hossenfelders book
Lost in Math
“How Beauty Leads Physics Astray”
"We got too many damn zeroes around here, and that blows stuff up into these pesky infinities. What we do is, we take all the zeroes and we say they're all little itsy-bitsies. And since the Central Limit Theorem and musical plucked strings have been around for three thousand years, so, well, the little itsy-bities are all going to vibrate sinusoidally before we even bother to look for them. We'll say they're strings, so at last we get the music of the spheres for a freebie," got it?
What could possibly go wrong? It's all obvious!
Shee-yit, a thing that obvious don't need no freakin' evidence.
What's elegant about it? I can let you borrow my dictionary if you want
String theory is full of holes it has more holes then standard model of particles.
@@Chill_Mode_JDI read that one! That's an excellent book! It really makes you think :)
These videos have deeply broadened my understanding of physics, cosmology, and the greater universe. The way you break down complex technical terms is incredible, and people with non-scientific backgrounds like myself can really expand their knowledge of the universe. Thank you so much, and please keep these coming!
I love how he blends every topic with the fascinating history of the science and scientists that led us to our modern theories.
You are so good at explaining things. Your voice is so soothing and simple, no extreme accent, and easily understandable. Also, the analogies you choose are amazing. For example, one analogy you used was “Like building Lego with boxing gloves” to describe our technology being too big to observe small things, and was super simple to understand. I fall asleep to your videos and they are amazing to think about. I hope you keep doing this and you find success in it.
Also, the analogies that are chosen are things observable in everyday life, which just furthers the ability to explain.
I'm an experimental physicist and there's one thing about String Theory and also M-theory which has to be said:
Every prediction so far made by both that has been possible to test has been proven wrong.
After them being proven wrong, the theorists behind it then set out to modify the theory, so that it says the same or a similar thing, just reducing the scale to one which cannot be proven either right or wrong at the time, and when that is proven incorrect, they then set out to repeat this.
So, to me, M-Theory stands for Mysticist Theory.
There should be more comments like this on this video.
Aren't you just describing the scientific method? Form hypothesis, determine accuracy of hypothesis, refine hypothesis... Repeat?
@@shifusensei6442 Not quite.
If it was the scientific method applied, then the hypothesis would be proven at least not entirely incorrect.
But String theory and therefore all of its derivatives have been proven more than incorrect. oftentimes the opposite to the predictions has been proven.
But then the string theorists go: "No, this is too beautiful mathematically to be incorrect." and adjust only that part, so that it would simply not be measurable.
That is NOT the scientific method!
If it WAS the scientific method applied, then it would work exactly like what has happened to the maco-description of gravity, where first, Newton described it as a force field, which worked well enough, then it was adjusted by several people, until the minutae didn't fit quite right anymore, but mostly right, and then Einstein came up with general relativity, which was mostly right, but flawed, and then it was corrected upon further.
So, we can see, we had several flawed theories for gravitational attraction, which were mostly correct in their predictions, but just not quite right.
Note the word: Flawed.
If "String theory" (and thereby "M-Theory") was a flawed hypothesis, as most hypothesies are, then fine, no problem. Adjust the hypothesis.
But it is a WRONG hypothesis, not a flawed one.
I am not aware of any predictions from string theory or even M Theory that can be tested (unless you are suggesting for example supersymmetry)?
Please let me know which predictions have been tested that you refer to.
However, it has passed countless theoretical and mathematical tests, like being reduced to other theories.
What do you think of the general idea of there being a higher dimension?
To me, the way subatomic particles behave, popping in and out of existence seemingly at random, is indicative of a higher dimensional object being viewed at a lower dimension. The whole 10-26 dimensions seems ridiculous, but just a 4th spatial dimension does not seem ridiculous. I also recall reading that general relativity does hold up with a 4th spatial dimension added.
I never had such a clear explanation. You are a really good educator.
I could listen to hours upon hours of this and never get tired. Sad how so much of society dont care about this sort of stuff anymore. Its literally learning how the universe works how cool is that???
21:41 Your videos are alway so clear and accessible it makes laymen-the average person-feel as though we’re a part of the conversation, rather than just on-lookers. Thank you for that-the inclusive way you present the science!
Wow, this vid is incredible. The subject matter, the way it's explained, the graphics, bloody brilliant, love it!! Much love and appreciation to the creators.
God I love this channel so much
Don’t think God reads the comments
10% useful info, 90% useless filler garbage
Same. Only criticism is that he keeps talking about the cause moss, but never mentions the effect moss.
@@appleratpipe pretentious
You and me both.
Just epic!!! You lads managed to put in simple words very complex and fundamental concepts of how our entire Universe works. This channel is definitely among the top 🔝 five best channels on CZcams that actually address this fundamental physics problems in a deep meaningful manner 😁👏👏👏👌
" fundamental concepts of how our entire Universe works."
i would rather say "of how we currently think our Universe works"... there is no doubt that our perception of how this universe works has dramatically changed over the last few centuries alone...there are many more centuries to come. Never be so arrogant and assume WE are the smartest right now and have figured it out finally! ...we are not...we havn't... but it's the best we have for now.
@@prince-solomon I couldn't agreed more, the standard model is the best and more precise theory we currently have, and it has not revealed of what the 95% of the universe it is made of... Although I must say our understanding of 3 of the fundamental forces is almost completed... but Gravity probably the one Force that should be better understood is at the moment a complete mystery... We still lack the mathematics to unifying it to the other three... But anyways I truly believe we are closer than ever to finally comprehending how the internal machinery of our universe works but we never know.... it could just be the tip of the iceberg 😉👌
Cheers and thanks for the comment my friend.
10:08 reminds me of how people kept with the Ptolemaic idea of the solar system because it seemed too neat and as it “should” be.
I literally check constantly for updates from this channel. it is my favorite channels on all of CZcams. I seriously believe that you, and your team make the best content in the world. On any medium plausible.
this is the way
Hi, if you sub to a channel then each new video will come in your sub feed. So you don't have to check for updates.
@@AboveEmAllProduction I have it set. I just don't see community posts
Yes, I have to know what is going on in the world so S2 underground and Perun are important, too but those are not fun. This channel is fun and I find myself checking for updates a couple times a week.
To a science enthusiast such as my self who knows very little about physics, this explanation… or rather explanations about String Theory was easy to understand (at an elementary level) and utterly enjoyable to learn. Thank you for this. Your work is appreciated.
I subscribed to this channel a few months ago. The narrator makes me understand in a deeper way than other channels. Well done!
It seems like I'm always in a state of waiting for your next video to come out. Definitely my favorite space/science YT channel by far.
Are you still waiting
@@peter10195 of course!
This is the best explanation of these fields of research I've ever heard! Very concise and interesting. Thank you
This was the single most enlightening video/experience I have had in years. I thought I knew a fair bit about physics both classical and quantum and I have always struggled to accept string theory in general. However I must admit your video has made me think twice about some assumptions I had before it. Thank you so much for that, I feel its a rare gift to entangle with such a fine co-creator as History of the Universe. Liked, Subscribed, Waiting with baited breath for amazing content like this video! WELL DONE INDEED!
You should probably change your youtube handle
how can u say of urself u thought to know a fair bit about quantenphysic but struggle to accept/understand stringtheory.. thats like saying i love myy kitty cat lion but i cant fit this cats into my believe system...
But i guess thats just human...
Watch the whole series… worth it… from a total lay-woman, but I know a bit now…
@@torbenkramm2725 If you understand string theorem then you know that you don't understand it.. I know it might sound strange but that's how it is. If u ever see someone saying they know - they don't. Whole thoery it just trying to fill blanks without any logic (i dont really expect logic here) and that's why we don't use string theory at all - at least serious scientists don't consider it at all.
AKA you know nothing and still understand nothing but you really want to make others feel like you are actually smart. smh
Could you PLEASE acknowledge both the writer and narrator of this fascinating and remarkable video? The explanations and pictorials are so remarkably clear and coherent that they reveal a depth of linguistic and diagrammatic expertise not normally gifted to us ordinary persons! Without being unnecessarily submerged in esoteric and arcane mathematics, I can now understand the (theoretical, at least) structure of the environment within which we all experience reality!
you do an amazing job of explaining complex subjects in a digestable way, thank you
I can’t believe your videos are free. Seriously man, you are straight up gifted to be able to convey this stuff to people. Bravo! I’m here to stay!
As a struggling layperson with an electrical background, in my attempts in trying to catch up with some of these quantum concepts, I find the rational explainers like these to be easier to visualise and kind of follow... even if I'm not able to get a grasp on everything... but the graphics are phenomenal on this and your other channels.... I often pause and/or rewind a section of the screen to admire some of the historic artwork, diagrams and photographs of important people places and things.
PBS spacetime is also really good but I agree. This channel is awesome.
I'm honestly happy with reading your comment. Keep that desire of knowledge no matter at what pace. I agree though, his graphics and explainations are the best and he's not shy with taking his time.
As a person with an electrical background, I recommend my book - "Theory of Everything in Physics and The Universe". It is in accessible language and explains the origin of electromagnetic polarity which will be of interest to you.
@@valentinmalinov8424 if you are advocating for electric universe, don't. It's been debunked so many times.
I dab cannabis oil then run the vids twice at 75% speed. At 67 understanding displaces passions at best! it's a quantum thing. Pauli exclusion principle be damned.
There is no theory of everything. There is a mosaic of related theories that together provide an explanation for everything. The holy grail is in understanding each theory and how the theories interact with each other.
It's been forever, but i remember Brian Greenes book vaguely blowing my mind. Wow. Great videos guys .This is really down to earth for being some impossibly complex!
Looks like I'm sleeping good tonight! Thank you for continuing to be my favorite channel on this site.
amazing co-creators all around thank you as well.
I have just had my mind blown. This video was so good that I now actually in some minuscule way, feel like I slightly understand this fascinating topic. I’m also humbled by how ridiculously brilliant some people truly are. Mind boggling.
Yep the mathematics is horrendously complicated. I studied physics at degree level and I would struggle with it.
History of the Universe is by far the most interesting, and enlightening scientific series I ever found on the Net. Keep going, please!
Chaos leads to order.
Order leads to chaos.
Equelibream returns to Order.
Order returns to chaos.
Rinse and repeat
I love the soundtrack so much. The intro music just puts me in such a happy, curious mood regarding what I'm about to learn...
Thank you for these videos, I am obsessed and you do a really good job explaining complex ideas in ways that are easy to grasp.
I love your deep insight not only on the theories but on the meta level of physics as well
Great video! One thing I would appreciate would be actual related equations shown on screen more often in place of some of the b-roll of swimming through a sea of unrelated mathematical expressions
Good point
Thank you for this very clear description of some very hard-to-describe concepts.
Thanks. One of the best material I've seen on string theory. Going to depth other videos / books often won't go, while keeping an extremely clear and fairly non-technical language 👍
I hope to prove you wrong about books. There is a book with the title - "Theory of Everything in Physics and The Universe" which in simple and clear language is explaining the fundamental elements and forces of the Universe"
Great video! Congratulations on communicating so effectively such complex concepts to those who don't understand the language of mathematics, but are yet capable of an intuitive grasp of such concepts. I'm sure we are all very grateful to you! 🤓
I love how the riemann zeta function naturally gives rise to group theories because of the varying point symmetry of the prime spiral. It's really pretty looking
Much respect for this video. I didn't expect to learn anything new, but here is a qualitative upgrade of string theory.
I adore the way you deliver this topic with such tranquility and wonder. Going to definitely binge your videos!
I quite literally listen your all of your videos every night when going to bed to have a calm voice explaining complex ideas is very soothing to the ears!
Very clear delivery of sometimes confusing material. I hope to see more of your work...
Thank you for finally being the one and only person to vocalize many of the insights Ive had but never could find anyone to comfirm I was understanding correctly.
This dropped on the same day as the Learning Curve, so two great channels dropped at the same time. Thanks for another fantastic upload. I have mentioned your channel on their channel as well as mentioned them on yours. The more views science channels get the more the CZcams algorithm might recommend them to more and more people.
Thank you for such informative and beautifully composed videos. I have enjoyed many of your videos and I have found them to be top notch.
I absolutely loved this one, it was exactly what I was looking for. Thank you.
god i love your videos. i look forward to every upload! you and “SEA” are by far the best space and physics doc channels that exist on youtube. please never stop!!
Woah… this is really interesting. It’s so cool to hear more of the cutting edge of the progress of physics. So much of this information just isn’t as widely available for us laymen, but it’s always fascinated me and it’s so good to return to it.
progress in fiction
@@axeman2638 lol imagine saying physics is fiction. Yes string theory is theoretical but I challlenge you right now to point out any inconsistencies in the theory. Wait a second for that you would need a PHD and a whole life time of experience studying it
@@jackbradley4737 you need to go much deeper grasshopper.
Maths is not physics.
Theory does not create or define reality, it is at best a limited model, not reality itself.
Reasoning from false assumptions gets you nowhere.
Observation does not create reality, if a tree falls in a forest it makes a noise whether there is someone there to hear it or not.
Where is the experimental evidence?
@@axeman2638 lmao, ok armchair philosopher
@@axeman2638 and here we find the crazy intelligent contrarian who ironically cannot add anything to the conversation. A self professed genius.
so very well-articulated. Daniel nailed it on clarity and deliverance talents you show. Thanks for the great work by you and your team.
Many thanks for all the work you do to make these videos. please never stop.
This was awesome! M theory and String theory always makes my head hurt and they are hard to wrap my head around them but, you make this more digestible. Do you plan to do any on super/ quantum gravity ( or have you already done them). I am fascinated by the idea that its so weak in comparison to the other forces but that it may permeate thru the brane in to the higher dimensions but how its also not like the other forces in that it currently exists as result of massive objects bending space /time and doesn't have a force carrier like the others.
They aren't actual theories, though. They are hypoethisis that can't be measured or observed on any scale whatsoever. It's like asking if aliens exist. It's a question, nothing more. Mathematics can be used to both prove you exist as well as prove you don't exist. So just because the math is somewhat sound, it doesn't make it correct.
@@gmork1090 thanks but I’m
Versed enough in science to understand the difference. Are you the creator of the channel, can you answer my actual question?
The quality of your videos is amazing. Thank you!
Thanks, that did give me a tiny grasp of the similarities and differences between string theory, M Theory and ads/CFT correspondence. Now that's what I call a deep rabbit hole. Very informative.
I have learned to take two excedrin and a zantac before watching your videos...it helps. Really love this channel and glad I found it.
My favourite channel, so pleased to see another upload! Your content makes me feel different about everything, in a good way. It puts mundane worries in perspective and gives me fascinating ideas to contemplate instead. Just thank you, you are so greatly appreciated. ❤️
as an artist, this gave me shivers, and i felt something deep within me understand the truth within a lot of this, even though as you said, we might not be able to "resolve" those things at such small dimensions... wow. its kind of like the idea of being the artist who makes the picture, and knows every last little bit that went into its development and creation as a finished picture, versus the person who observes the finished picture and comments on what it is.
I also was also a professional artist in the past. Still, for unknown reasons, I turned to physics and managed to produce the final theory - the book - "Theory of Everything in Physics and The Universe" of course, they are trying to hide it. Still, it is available on Amazon and the major book outlets.
@@valentinmalinov8424 why they hide it?
@@valentinmalinov8424 in another comment you said you had an electrical background so I'm gonna call bs
@@tiergeist2639 For the same reason which they establish the inquisition and branded the scientists "heretics" They burn Giordano Bruno silenced Galileo and threatened Copernicus. You are an intelligent person and can figure it out by yourself.
@@valentinmalinov8424 that is true, just wanted to know your answer. They control everything sadly...
I greatly love this channel! I find the script compelling, and the visuals are marvelous. I will admit that my math aptitude was the lowest of all on those tests we took as students. Yet, while being challenged by ideas that are far over my head, my little peanut brain is stimulated here in exciting ways. There is excitement in the quest for understanding - the reach for comprehension, the yearning for meaning. Even though I remain hopelessly unqualified to engage these topics, the way these programs are put together is so verbally and visually beautiful, I cannot stop watching. Thank you.
Don't feel too bad about it, maths and reality are different things.
Beautifully said sir
E3
I think it's safe to say that I absolutely didn't understand this video but nevertheless enjoyed it. Spectacular work!
This is very challenging material for a non-mathematician like me. But it’s all presented in manner that keeps my attention and encourages me think that some of it will stick to my brain eventually!
I went through the full video though it is totally beyond me, amazed at every step the graphics presented. If only I could work as a helper boy to the author in preparing this video. How on earth these graphics are created and how long did it take to complete the video?
There’s not a better Chanel on CZcams, I can’t believe these masterpieces of documentaries/videos are free.
This is fascinating how we are finding and searching for the nature of reality to know where we exist what we made up of and many people like you are dedicated to it thank you for explaining such a complex topic in very simple way
Well this was something else. I can't believe there is just an coincidence between the ideea presented and the experience the writing and the narration gives us. This was in amazing, intense,experience and i never felt something like this whaching a video . I am truly in awe. My utmost respect to this team!
I've been struggling for years to wrap my mathmetically challenged mind around some aspects of M theory and this forty five minute video has given me the closest peek yet. I've got just enough background to realise I'll probably never get there, even with this wonderful series.
then u know more then 99% of people claiming to understand how quantumphysics work^^
@@certaindeath7776 lolo, I'd consider myself a well read layman at best.
Thank you so much for this channel! And for subtitles ❤
Why did they make physics so boring in school ?! Your videos are so engaging and interesting. Second time watching this trying to get my head around it. Thank you for the content!
Because this is an interesting topic, but in school you have to learn boring stuff as well like electronics.
Plus you are probably older now so naturally have an interest, unlike in your teenage years.
@@craigfowler7098 I was interested back then, but I think the problem is that school gets too cough up in formulas and forget how interesting the theory actually is. I'm not saying we shouldn't study the mathematical aspect of it, I'm just saying that interest could be raised through thought provoking exercises and the practical applicability of the theory, just like in this video
Because its not useful for us low class workers. All we need to know is how to obey and work. After all, public school isn't interested in actually teaching us or expanding our intelligence. Its interested in beating out our individuality and make us compliant.
All this content is amazing enough, but stands out to me even more is the excellence your team achieve in telling the story in a gripping manner while explaining arcane concepts in such a manner it makes it easy to understand even to a mere mortal like me.
Really incredible achievement, well done.
we are all mere mortals, buddy. 🙃
Its kinda insane where it feels like this theory could lead, like it'll lead to a greater understanding of where we are, our place in the universe, how vast dimensions can be beyond our own and what lies beyond there
Wow! What a brilliant, graspable, profoundly moving way of presenting this material! Having read Brian Greene and other physics for laymen books, it seems this summarizes and moves beyond these to help us see the geometry of h these theories. And I love the epistemology part, asking the questions “how do know this describes reality?” THANK YOU FOR THESE PROGRAMS!
Your videos have done an incredible job of helping me understand things that previously went over my head. Your videos aren't just helping me learn the topics you've covered, but also have given me the context I need to understand things I'd been struggling to understand from other sources. I've been watching PBS spacetime for years, and I've struggled with some of the topics they cover, but since I found your channel, I've found that more and more of the topics covered over there have started to click for me. You have a gift, and you are a gift. This channel is what we were promised the internet would be.
Amazing content!! I am left speechless. You have really really inspired me with your work on physics. Thank you so much!
Already added Cecil a mil. Thanks to this channel
This channel is brilliant. I actually held a talk about AdS/CFT correspondence in a seminar, based on a chapter of a book. While the book of course describes the math in detail, it failes to describe the basic physical concept behind it as clearly as this video.
Beautifully done! Thank you!
WOW! I am going to be watching this one a few more times. Phenomenally exposition of a complex topic. The structure of the presentation, sprinkled with historical accounts of the theoretical developments is just SUPERB
Shout-out to Joseph Conlon for his work on this vid. Good job guys
I have been falling down this rabbit hole for a while now but hadn't gotten the chance to watch this video until now. Excellent video, Had my utmost attention the whole way through watching.
This is entirely over my head and yet, it’s still somehow fascinating lol
Please never stop sharing these great videos with us.
There's a very famous astrophysicist science communicator out there that could probably learn a thing or two about science communication by listening to this series of videos.
Superb work! I can not express how exited I get when I get a notification for a new "History of..." Video!
Ha Ha . Are you talking about the US or the UK ?
@@greywolf271 I think NDT.
@@Jack-pz4my That's what I thought too.
What do you think is the difference?
Amazing explanation! Thank you!
Very cool and perhaps most accurate animation. Well done.
I can't tell you how eagerly I wait for every new video!!!
I have a question though:
What would be the universe from the perspective of a photon? Do they feel infinite speed or no time?
That is literally the next video 🤗
If you study how muons are detected in the surface of earth despite having a mean lifetime of 2.2 μs, from there you can solve your question... I think.
@@AnotherFancyUser Thanks for the suggestion. I think i do know about that. But I am not referring to the time dilation from our frame of reference. I am wondering what the universe is from the frame of a photon. For it, there is no time lapsed between emitting and getting absorbed. If there is no time, how can there be any event(like emissions or absorption), any causality etc.
@@HistoryoftheUniverse Wow 😁! Seems I am in luck here!!
@@manuagrawal7468 Good question! Hmm.. perhaps it looks as though everything is frozen in place. Everything but the photon itself. So then it would travel from the point of emission to the point of absorption without anything, other than it's relative position, ever changing. Or another way to look at it would be that the entire universe looks like a picture moving at the speed of light while the photon remains still (as it would have to be if we are in its frame of reference). So time moves normally from the perspective of a photon, but nothing changes with time as the "proper time" of everything else would be constant. Idk either that's just my guess. Hope that made sense!
The intro for the sponsor made me laugh out loud (well done!)
4:24
Love it, thank you for making these videos! ♥
I have watched this 3 more times since it was published and I still love it. Thank you
Now that you've reminded the world, you've probably started a rapidly-growing "flogiston truther" movement.
I will NEVER tell my Dad about it.
Always excited to see a new video on your channels! They are genuinely therapeutic!
Genuine questions I’m asking you for myself: how are you able to find solace in a universe indifferent to the preservation of life? How does the loveless, and strictly factual mathematics describing our cosmos aid as therapy? I’d want to start perceiving the physics of our cosmos as you do
@@Cardioid2035 for me it’s a combination of: the answer to it all is out there and the looking unveils crazy and wonderful happenings, and also knowledge of the vastness and power of the universe shows me that it’s in control, so all the energy I put into worrying or stressing can be relaxed a little, because I truly don’t have much effect on things. Much better to enjoy life
ㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤ
@@Cardioid2035 The idea of powerful external forces having any control over our lives and deciding that a world full of suffering is what they wanted to create sounds terrifying to me. I'm not sure how *that* gives people happiness, as opposed to the idea that we have the freedom to give our own lives meaning.
@@Cardioid2035 you good g?
The theory of everything is that nothing is better!
It is such a joy to find your chanel in an ocean of shallow and useless content. It also makes me happy to see that so many people are interested and delighted to watch it. A big kudos to you, keep up the great work.
This is the first time I’ve listened to something about string theory and was able to fully follow along. Great video.
😂
Truly well written and produced.
Thanks Jack.
One theory that is being used to develop items for the DoD, since 1986, is by Applied Research Associates under license from Brilliant Light and Power, Inc. The theory used, Grand Unified Theory-Classical Physics, was used to develop 3 items, all working exactly as predicted by that theory. This is all past the stage of research, past the point of proof of principle and past the stage of a working lab version, and currently in an alpha version that is running in a pilot plant since October, 2022. After a year, the data from these pilots will be used for final engineering to make the first beta version for full commercial use. Hermann Haus, Institute professor of Electronic Engineering at MIT was approached in 1986 by the DoD to provide an explanation for how the Free Electron Laser works, at the QM scale. Haus' student, Randell Mills, continued that derivation into his full fledged GUT. This is all classical, with no assumptions such as waves and certainly not the point topology of the electron.
~ In order to combine electromagnetism & gravity, using strings, the uncertainty principle, must also be included, whereas location & speed are considered as well.
The best way to do this is using the formula, wavelength x frequency = velocity = distance/time, which when combined with string theory, becomes a combined hybrid example of both e.m. & gravity whereas:
Get a string & form a knot, then continue forming knots by either intersecting with an already made knot or by using a needle to guide the string or sequential knot thru another already made knot.
Keep doing this until the ball or form of knots become what you want, then join the beginning of the string to the end of the string, & voila, you have an excellent example of how strings become from e.m energy to gravity matter, by forming knots &/or by sewing strings back within knots.
Thus eventually forming balls or shapes of gravitational matter (mass/volume = density), from initial strings of electromagnetism.
And having formed more & more dimensions as you went along.
~ The overall illusion is obviously evident such that we perceive dimensions that are absolutely & relevently relative to our finite & mortal existence, just as our past generations had their own earth, sky, & universe, so us too, have our own earth, sky, & universe, within an infinite & immortal myriad of existential dimensions.
~ REM:
Electromagnetism & Gravity have an infinite range & therefore infinite dimensions, while the strong & weak forces have finite ranges, & therefore finite dimensions.
This is somewhat analogous to saying that there are infinite & immortal life forms, but humans are only a finite & mortal form of them.
Continue to approach these scientific topics like a writer. Like KB CW series we are interested because you are interested in your research. Also like KB you have found the perfect music to tell your stories. Apparently it matters because I find your early works difficult, and I think it is the music and echoing narration. The soundscape is almost perfect now, except that the narration could improve with the right microphone and a carpeted room. Learning lots. I've heard you summarize a whole summer's reading in half an hour, so I know these require a massive amount of research. Keep it up. We are learning physics to our surprise, just as we were surprised by our interest in KB's CW.
Your videos really are incredible. Very deep and complicated information presented with context, framed in a beautiful story and so incredibly digestible. Every new video on this channel and it's twin, I watch it once or twice paying full attention and just being immersed in the stories you tell and the images they conjure, absorbing the ideas and knowledge. Then they go into my sleep collection, you have a very calm and measured narration that helps me focus and drift off thinking about stars, galaxies, and atoms.
For all the ills the internet and social media has caused, having so much knowledge that used to be the sole domain of the absolute intellectual elite and the higher social classes just sitting out there's freely available and presented in a way no book or lecture could manage is the sort of thing I never could have imagined just 10 years ago
Great exsplanation of these math divers ideas .love it intresting.thank you
It reminds me of one of my undergrad stats exams.
They provided the formulas on a cheat sheet.
I used one of them, plugging in all of the appropriate values, but after solving it. I realized there was something missing.
I looked at the handout and remembered which formula was required.
After redoing the problem, it still delivered the same answer, as it was manipulating the same variables, but it also gave me the answer to the other variable. 🤓
the quality of the videos and the script writings are superb.