10 Facts About the Zulu Warriors
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- čas přidán 16. 06. 2024
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Coming up:
10. Shaka Zulu Redefined War
9. The Great King Went Mad
8. No Permanent Soldiers
7. Horns of the Buffalo
6. Quick Gun Adopters
5. Rorke’s Drift War Crime
4. Civilian Shields
3. Battle Purification
2. The Rituals for a Fallen Enemy
1. The Mfecane
Source/Further reading:
www.britannica.com/biography/...
www.history.com/this-day-in-h...
www.military-history.org/sold...
www.britishbattles.com/zulu-w...
www.britishbattles.com/zulu-w...
www.theguardian.com/world/200...
books.google.com/books?id=BIf...
books.google.com/books?id=xcZ...
books.google.com/books?id=mmp...
www.distancefromto.net/distan...
ru.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Is...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
picryl.com/media/ethnology-fr...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sh...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
ru.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
ru.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Is...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
alchetron.com/cdn/zulu-1964-f...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... - Zábava
So revered were the Zulus that modern military incorporated their name into the phonetic alphabet...."Alpha, Bravo, Charlie"....."Zulu"
I’m a loyal fan of this channel and I need to salute Simon on this one... as a Zulu, I appreciate how he tried to pronounce the words. Respect !!!
I had to take a breather when he butchered "mfecane". It's not "the mufecane" it's "mm-fe-ka-neh" 😂
we Makhosazana lento eshiwo la iphambene kakhulu ,
The assegai was the traditional throwing spear which Shaka got rid of. The short stabbing spear he replaced it with was called the Iklwa (onomatopoeia for the sucking sound it made when pulled out of the enemy’s body). This was used more like a sword and meant the warriors had to close with the enemy.
Very enlightening, thanks for sharing!
It was King Senzangakhona. I'm Zulu from Zululand.
It's crazy how indepth zulu history actually is from their own perspective. I guess you can thank Mangasotho Buthelezi's mother for that, she recorded all the traditional stories that were in old zulu into modern zulu
That's Princess Magogo, she played a significant role in the history of Zulu nation. She was the singer too.
Nduduzo Siwela 😂😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😂😂😂😂🤦🏽♂️
all hail the KING!!!
Zulu'yasabewa.
My favorite part of the day...a Simon Whistler video to help me stay sharp.
Great video as always,thank you for making these
Thank you so much for your channel. I love history and you give me my fix every day. Great team
Love all the way from South Africa. King Shaka Zulu was a staple in our history lessons
Well you lucky, I only learnt about Hitler and Jan Van Riebeck whichj sucked because I would have loved to learn about my people.
The Shaka Zulu TV series is available on Netflix online and is DEFINITELY worth the time to watch.
Just the production value Alone was mind blowing,even by Today's standards,so back then?!It was cutting edge.
Chaka Khan is better.
Extra history
Search it up
Are they telling it like it is or.?
This guy's channel is Mossad
(divide & conquer us by race)
Anything on netflix is too.
"1938 battle of blood river" - Simon you had me in stitches! Great videos nonetheless!
It was probably a slip of the tongue, but the Battle of Blood River occurred in 1838 and not 1938. In 1938, the battle and the Great Trek were all commemorated by the Afrikaners.
Was about to say exactly the same.
Simon Parsons Q
This guy's channel is Mossad
(divide & conquer us by race)
My man ! U covered the topic I suggested thank you ! From Michigan
There are so many incorrect facts in here. It's very sad because it makes it seem like our zulus were savages but it's really not like that at all.
That was an awesome final thought...
"However thrilling the history of war may be...there is almost always a tragic side to it."
Thank you for these phenomenal facts.
this was so cool to watch! thank you.😊
The will be no King who will ever be like Shaka Zulu.
Make one that will
That's sad.
@jamie 123 u are an idiot
@jamie 123 They had guns which were long range and more effective, if the zulus had ranged weapons they would've annihilated them
I know, he was so poor that instead of steel armor and a velvet robe it was all wicker, FRICKIN WICKER LOL!!!
Fantastic! Unlike so many videos, you got the facts right.
Your pronunciation was OK,I generally knew what you were discussing.
This is HIGH praise is from someone who lived in Kwa Dukuze, a town that grew out of one of Chakas villages. I have spent over 40 years in Kwa Zulu and visited most of Chakas battle sites.
Excellent as always
This is why I have an entire playlist called Biographics. Love this channel. Keep these great history vids coming, Simon. Mispronunciations and all.
very entertaining but yet informative. Very interesting to learn ABOUT the famed Zulu warriors.
Have lived all my life in Natal,around 200km from Rourke's drift,and worked in that area never heard of zulu,s being buried alive after that battle.
With the size of the chip on you South Africans of European decents shoulder I'm sure you still haven't heard of it even after this video.
@@accountretired9479 White hater, kenya has done well since colonialism pretended to leave,correct I still haven't heard of it,but heard/ seen their brutality,you dumb arse ,you clowns have whole trees on your shoulders..NFO
@Ingungumbane Ingenaphi lento oyibhalile? noma uzama ukucosha amapoint ebelungwini bakho?
Well done sir I enjoyed this
Shaka Zulu said, leave no enemy behind..
Xiao Shenjing for tht energy will rise to fly at your throat
@@thembaradebe7170 at the end South Africa was colonized twice first Dutch then British
Great brief info on the Zulu warriors.
The Zulu language has distinctive click sound in 3 roman letters, which is "C", "X" and "Q."
Pronouncing words with such click sounds can be a nightmare for non South Africans. There are two other official South African languages with click sounds, Sesotho and isiXhosa. The language of the Khoisan has more click sounds than the three previously mentioned, but sadly, it's not recognized as an official SA language.
🤔🤔🤔 I think in Zimbabwe 🇿🇼 not my just in SA
It would be a big ask for a non African to sound the clicks. I’m an Ixopo girl and even some South Africans were lazy to say the name right.
Fun fact : If you were one of Shaka's warriors and you came back from battle with a wound on your back he'd finish you off. A back injury means you were either incompetent in battle or you were running away.
Why should cowards be tolerated?
Is my man Simon on any other vids? Bro i love your stuff keep it up. (On a side note imma get a beard like that soon)
Thanks you for the fascinating insight into the history of my people.
Simon needs to chill with apologies for difficult names. We, the regular viewers, know he always tries his best 😀✌️
I personally appreciate the apologies, and as a regular viewer, I also understand that he tries his best. But it's good that he recognizes that he gets some wrong and apologize for those
as a canadian, I appreciate his apologies
Nah, I appreciate it. Because historically "difficult names" have often equalled not European names. So I appreciate that he puts in the effort and shows it.
Zachary Eggers I think it’s kinda nice. I think it was Stan Lee who pointed out that each issue might be someone’s first exposure, so he made an effort to be welcoming.
I don't think Tan-zan-knee-ah is a difficult name.
The short Zulu spear was not an assegai. The assegai was a javelin or throwing spear used in north Africa (it's from an Arabic word that just means "spear"). The British tended to call any African spear an assegai, whether it was designed for throwing or thrusting. The newspapers called the Zulu spear an assegai, and the name stuck, but it was not correct. The Zulu called the thrusting spear an "iklwa" after the sound it was supposed to make when it was plunged into a human abdomen. That's the term most historians of the period use now.
iklwa ijozi or umdikadika
Ok A-Aron....you got that.
Actually the sucking sound it made when it was removed after the stabbing.
People are fairly knowledgeable about the "Zulu" wars. These wars didn't end with Chaka's death, they didn't end with Dingaan or with the 1908 Mbatha rebellion.
They didn't end with the 1949 uprising against the Indians or the 1976 uprising against Afrikaans education. They didn't end with the 2010 - 2018 Zuma apocolyps.
Will this Zulu need for hegemony ultimately destroy South Africa? Is that Chakas legacy?
@@johnbondza So..are you saying that violent colored folk were just rabble-rousing anyways?Why?Because what was Their land was Forcefully colonized n they refused to submit to the gentrified scraps model if western expansion?Maybe Apartheid wasn't the Brightest idea to quell unrest?As if settlers had a right to be there abyways.
I enjoyed your pronunciations they made my day❤️😂 Next round the amaXhosa Kingdom ✊🏾
You made my day
poor Simon will bite his tongue off
@@MfundoNdala 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
amaxhosa are just a tribe nothing intresting about them
@@MfundoNdala 😂😂😂😅😅😅 Yoh hayi Mntwana wabantu ngeke ukwazi.
Technology will often win over bravery. The Zulus just lacked technology, if they did they would have been unstoppable.
Yeah but that would have required them actually making technology on their own
@_jeff _ never never Zulus are warriors deathly warriors Europeans couldn't cope
I'm Zulu and I have this urge to teach you how to pronounce our words
But he tried ayikho into angayenza
why?
shut up meg
Are there versions of the story that comes strictly from Zulu elders cuz here in America all we've ever heard is a very eurocentric spin on what happened he started off the program saying how England destroyed the Zulu in I heard that wasn't true I heard they lost but it wasn't like a destruction I heard there was a lot of infighting among the Zulu and the other tribes and people didn't like Chaka and England was able to manipulate some to turn against him but let somebody European tell it they'll say they've conquered and invented everything oh and discovered it yeah we discovered something where people were there what do you call that
I would really love to hear versions of the story from somebody Zulu
Interesting and mostly accurate I think. One part of your presentation, however, I think, needs review. As I understand it, the term assegai is a general term that means spear, including (and originally) the longer throwing spear. While the short spear devised by Shaka Zulu can be called an assegai since it is a spear, the correct specific term for it is iklwa or ixwa, reportedly mimicking the sound after use when withdrawn from a human body.
I'm a South African and Zulu tribe thanks Simon.
"It is what it is" 😂 ❤
Two things you got wrong or are missing. #1 At the battle of Isandlwana the ammo for the British rifles were defective causing many to jam after a few shots. The same thing is believed to have happened to General Custer at Little big Horn. #2 The Zulu warriors at Insandlwana and maybe other battles were taking a potion of drugs that turned then into crazed fast bath salt zombies making them fearless and almost impervious to bullets so the front wave was taking many shots before going down greatly reducing British firepower.
"The Zulu warriors at Insandlwana and maybe other battles were taking a potion of drugs that turned then into crazed fast bath salt zombies making them fearless and almost impervious to bullets"......after writing this complete, utter, TOTAL drivel and CRAP, it would seem that YOU are the one on drugs. Stick to what you know. South African history ain't it.
British always find an excuse.
To this very day, Zulu bandits in my hometown take the drug Whoonga. I've had personal experience of 3 of us trying to subdue such an individual after an attempted break in. It's like he's possessed.
Why am I just finding this! I’ve been suggesting African history for a while now!
Great Work. Keep going strong
The Assegai was a throwing spear. What Simon is actually referring to is the Iklwa. The idea was to launch the Assegai prior to fierce combat with the Iklwa. It was used in a similar role to a sword, mainly used to impale enemies and allegedly named for the sound it made when drawn from a body.
The Geneva convention wasn't signed till after WW1 in 1929
Check out the mini series from the 80s, it's great.
That was awesome. Iliked that and V and the North and South
It's bs. No accuracy
Can’t wait for a Shaka Zulu Biographics episode.
Great video, Simon. Learning something from you everyday (author of Renee: St. Mary's Virus).
Wasssupp my fellow South Africans!!!!
leave a like if you are Zulu too😊.
or Pedi or Tswana or whatever.
Zulu's don't discriminate we are the epitome of black people after all✌😊
WRONG FACT: great series and errors are rare, but here is one. At 7:10 he states that Great Britain violated the Geneva Convention, which he says was signed 15 years before. In fact, the first Geneva Convention was signed in 1929, 50 years later.
War has a tragic side... Who knew? Love for Simon!
The SOUNDTRACK FROM "ZULU" IS VERY POWERFUL.
ALSO THE DANCES BY THE ZULUS IN THE OPENER SET THE MOOD. ALL PERFORMANCES OF THE ACTORS WORTHY OF AWARDS BUT I PARTICULARLY LIKED THE TOP SARGEANT. IN MY OPINION, A 5 STAR MOVIE
well bro I am a zulu, and trust me... in our nation it is always funny to listens to someone who stumbles over our words... but i can help ya next time for pronunciation
Click .. da clicks .. da click... sounds like Zulu too me.. end clicking...
Look who's educating lol
@@jaredbabin2356 a racist African joke how original, you come up with that yourself?
@Klaus Zungler lol i get you mate... i am on that already... you can help me if you dont mind
@@jaredbabin2356 lool what
More African history please! The world needs educating.
i cannot believe it... you really did it... you really did a video i request you to do over a comment... thank you
You pronounce things better than I would Simon
They were using spears and old muskets because t was circulated that under no circumstances should fire arms be sold to the Zulu tribes both King Dingaan's maritime Zulu and King Mzilikazi's inland Zulus. However they could get a few old muskets from rogue dealers and hunters. The Zulu armies were standing armies and not temporaries as you said. Men were not allowed to marry until abo 40 years old when they left their regiments.
James Wood that’s really because the Zulu had home field advantage hence they knew every nock and cranny of their land while the British didn’t know
Look what they do with guns today. They shouldn't own any fweapons they can't create themselves.
probably sold to them by the French.
@James Wood and ran about a hundred miles to do so
@@rollingthunder1578 by your logic then, europeans shouldn't use firearms as well since those were invented by the Chinese and further developed by middle eastern people. Learn some history and stfu
#2 The "RIVALS" for a fallen enemy??.
Tbh is nice to know he's human.
Tan Za Nia
Not Tan Zania lol
@David Jameson typo of ritual is rital autocorrect fixes it to rival no error is highlighted in WordDoc.
Thanks Simon: I am from the AmaZizi tribe, one of the ~ 400 tribes which makes the Zulu nation. I thank Shaka for turning our various tribes into one great nation, collaterally creating all nations there are in Southern Africa plus.
Said assegai was called an Iklwa (the sound of sticking it in then pulling it out from a torso)
'Almost always' a tragic side to war? You don't say!
Very informative, please do a video of the Ashanti kingdom. They also had many victories over the British.
Interesting fact about the battle of rorkes drift is that it forced the british army to implement barrel grips, because the brits fired so many rounds so quickly that their guns were turning red
At least you CARE about pronunciation. You are a joy to listen to, sir. J. Richard Hartsfield, M.Div.
U should watch the mini series people fascinating.
From where?
I grew up in Pinetown KwaZulu Natal, I miss my Zulu brothers.
Callum, I also grew up in Gillitts , Pinetown and I don't miss anyone .
@@bridges5659 oh where you at now? Did you go to Ashley primary school?
We don't miss any of you guys
@@msizingubane7348 ubuhlanga
@@callumbush1 no prejudices from me
Afrikaans subscriber....thank you...wenza umsebenzi kahle..
Great warriors
I think you may have mispronounced the word "rituals" around 8:50. I'm just throwing some shade at ya dude, thanks for the great video!
Read the book “The Washing of the Spears”!
Please do a video about Swaziland
As a Zulu I approve of this
Zulus didnt sign any treaties. Thats not a war crime.
Also: at Rorke's Drift, they set fire to a hospital housing sick and injured - that might or might not be a war crime, it's still a despicable thing to do and, once they did that, they deserved everything that they got.
@@Durbanite2010 well we are still here with every weapon in the world for that matter
Yea that is the same excuse the Nazis used to murder Russian civilians!
@@jerzybala9403 and they were executed
@@jerzybala9403 and Russians killing Polish officers.
And who could forgot the bravery, the comradery, and the fruit salad from Mboto Gorge.
Those peace loving pygmies of the Upper Volta, did use viciously sharp Mangos !
I have no adapted no f***ks given to, no Simon's given ! 😄😄😄😄
Love you !
The Ikwel was the short spear they used (a creation of Chaka himself). The Assigai was a throwing spear that Chaka detested.
Shaka*
The letter 'h' is silent in some words like Butho and Lesotho so it's pronounced Lesoto or Buto..but still, the effort is much appreciated...
Cool, want a cookie?
Please make a video about Ethiopian Emperor Hails Salassie. His life is beyond fascinating.
King of Kings 🦁
lol wow its been a while since i laughed this hard. Udide Umzulu Ngesizulu ( You confused a Zulu person with IsiZulu ). lol Mfecane
Um...I gathered, from the book 'Washing of the Spears' that the assegai remained a throwing, or at least throwable, spear of moderate length. The short spear, the Iklwa, was almost a reinvention of the Roman short sword: a heavy stabbing weapon that encouraged/forced the men to move and strike together. No Errol Flynn dueling. Just a ferocious advance that no one else could meet.
Zulu kaMalandela! ! How blessed we are to have bloodlines of Kings and Queens! USUTHU!!!
A British accent makes even mispronounced words sound lovely
If you say so.
I spend more time listening to Simon talk than to all of my friends combined....
There is a really excellent series produced by the SABC in the 1980s called Shaka Zulu.
Wonder if it can still be found today. Was produced and directed by a distant relative called Bill Faure.
Really a definitive production if you are looking for source material on Shaka. The actor who played him even bore a striking resemblance to Shaka.
Yes, that series was brilliant! I remember everyone at my school used to sing the opening music.
Netflix
Veo at your school where. In which country?
@@sandilebm78g52 South Africa, I live in the UK now but I love SA!
Growing up in South Africa of the 1960's my family employed the services of a Zulu gardener. He was a truly amazing man, who lived on our property, tending to our garden and other odd jobs. Those were the times and you have to look at the arrangement we had, in the context of then Apartheid era. Our gardener in his spare time, would make what he referred to as traditional Zulu 'accoutrements'. Ie Assegais, fighting sticks and kerries. These he would make & sell at the local tourist curio markets, in and around Johannesburg. His favourite tourists were Germans, who he claimed invariably said, "Keep the change." His least liked tourists were the British, who apparently would always try and beat him down on price. Our gardener certainly freely used the word Assegai, to describe the shortened stabbing spears he would make, from flat steel scraps and wattle canes, which he would cut down from the surrounding hills. The word Assegai is just a generic term, for most spears, used for hunting or war, as used by the various Ndebele people of East, South East and Southern Africa. Eg the Zulu people, I still have in pride of place, hanging on my wall, an Assegai made for myself, by my Zulu friend. His grandfather, he claimed was a Zulu blacksmith, in the time of King Cetshwayo, the king which the British ultimately defeated and betrayed during the Zulu War of 1879. Don't think of a man with an apron, forge or anvil. Think of an iron age craftsman, who knew how to gather alluvial iron oxide deposits and smelt them with charcoal in termite mounds, turned into mini blast furnaces, pouring blades, axes, knives, pangas etc of crude pig iron. The war of 1879 was a sad and terrible time in Zulu history. It is true to say the term 'Iklwa' refers to the sucking sound an Assegai makes when pulled out of an enemy's body. The Zulu warrior of 1879 would use his Assegais much in the same way a Roman Legionnaire would use his Gladius. Much to the consternation of the then invading British troops, traditional throwing spears were also in wide usage and deadly accurate. So coming back to Assgais, using this term to describe or refer to most spears, will be widely understood and appreciated in South Africa. Experts ofcourse, might argue otherwise. Eye witness accounts tend to carry more weight, than the usual look ups on Wikipedia or Google.
uShaka just called... He said please use paragraphs (or press [shift] + [enter] ). Bayethe!!
@@lightsounddevice8983 Thank you for your interest. And thank you for the lessons in the correct use of paragraphs. I really appreciate you taking time out of your busy day. Bless you!
@@seansabhaois No worries. We must help each other in this cruel world. Your message will be lost since most people just scroll past a Wall-of-Text.
PS: I spent my childhood in Botswana. I want a Zebra skin rug for my floor but I don't think UK law would allow a real one to be imported (animal cruelty laws??). Bless
Gosh, that's extremely interesting. Thank you again for your interest. And thank you so much for your concerns about folk scrolling past my message, lacking the necessary paragraphs. I shall try much harder next time. Promise. It's really very thoughtful of you to be so concerned. As for your issues with the importing of a Zebra's skin, I'm not fully up to speed on the legal requirements, concerning the importation of dead animal parts into the UK. Did you kill the Zebra yourself? I bet you're an expert on that as well?
Anon Anon speaking on your apartheid privileges like it’s something to celebrate.🤔. Whatever old man
Me months ago: Guess a biographics on Shaka might be neat.
Now: This video.
Okay Universe, that's just freaky.
Damn that 70s bowtie could take flight.
You did not mention the magic mushroom concoction that made the zulu warrior as aggressive as an angry buffalo, but lucid. This gave the zulu warrior incredible courage while facing cool british guns.
Excuses😀
he did, not in many words but he did and trust me its more than just a mushroom concotion...😂
Can't cite Gaurdian, not a news source.
08:50 I think he means RITUALS not Rivals 😂
@@prashantdeo8701 yes
@@prashantdeo8701 British
@@prashantdeo8701 lol 😆
lmao my teacher said “i bet if you looked it up to show the “nude photo” you will be disappointed” and indeed i was
What?
Simon do not Play boi,woooooo!Stay dropping that KNOWLEDGE.A true modern titan of information!!!(Thank you Shelle,as well.)
Funny thing. I'm a black American and I learned about Zulu from my step-dad who is Spanish. Lol
Weird
so im brown American lol
Spanish from spain? Or Mexican?
@@deadlyhoneyduw346 my bad. It's just a bad habit us Americans have when referring to Hispanics. He's from
Guatemala
@@310smoker lol
Well that's better than watching a Mel Gibson film.
Tonight, my wife better call me king ding ding or I'm sleeping on the couch
You should make a video about the event of KARBALA
Everyone's a Zulu in this military section and I am proudly Greatful.
As a Zulu, I must say I feel insulted by this video. Making us look like savages. False and incorrect information about our customs and practices. Infact to some degree its considered bad luck to take belongs of a dead person.
we never were... only those ignorant of our ways would say such...
Europeans always call other non eu civilizations savage.
Interesting, Im obviously speaking as a westerner but I certainly didn't feel he made you look like savages, but just pointed out facts such as the military adaptations introduced by Shaka and that certain practices traditionally called savage and cruel were actually done out of respect and that the British could be every bit as brutal in revenge !
Lyn Chet I welcome your perspective, however some of the practices quoted here, even those supposedly introduced by Shaka are false and were never and would never be practiced by the Zulu i.e. sprinkling of human flesh. If you had to come sit with a person of Zulu heritage for a day you would learn about the level of respect they have for the dead or amadlozi (ancestors). In fact go look up a vide on Sgananda kanSokufa who was buried in handcuffs by the British, even the act of being buried in chains symbolizes that on will not enter heaven if buried in chains. My point is that some elements of this is not true
@@vumangcobo5678 Thanks for the reply ! I obviously bow to your knowledge of Zulu customs and practises. Do you feel the whole video was wrong and maliciously intended. I have to say I find that unlikely give my experience of Simon Whistler and his various videos, and the replies/reactions from other Zulu/Zulu descendants on this video too !
ZULUL
"Fleet-footed"? I can only remember one time I've heard that term...
Read more, and you will.
We are growing, growing higher.........
Battle of Blood river- battle that took place between the Boers and 20 000 Zulu. 470 Boer men, women and children took part with muskets and one small cannon. They beat the Zulu back time and time again eventually killing 3000 Zulu soldiers. Lesson #1 Don't mess with the boers.
The 'purification drink' making them sick & 'blood lust' implies to me the were using some kind of narcotic?
allan glasgow But yet the way it was reported historically it was like they were performing a completely useless religious ritual
@@sabeto5527 It's possible it was part of a religious ritual for the effects, understanding/unfamiliarity of the drug would explain the reporting (by British sources)?
Sounds really similar to how vikings would consume a plant based hallucinogen before battle... And if I'm not correct.. Spartans as well... How similar us humans are
@@justrenee2640 Spartans consumed NO hallucinogens. That would have been counter to their culture, upbringing, training and language. Read Stephen Pressfield's truly superb "Gates of Fire" for the best insight into Spartan culture, language, military training and thinking I have ever seen.
@@lordbane729 you're using one book as a source of reference which works for YOU however I've read quite a few sources from other European historians that I will have to pull back up.... And it's nothing to be ashamed of many cultures used "survival tactics" if you will in order to fight wars
Can you do a video about the Dacian Kingdom?
Lol "Well, you know what it is..."