Electronics 101: What is electricity?

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  • čas přidán 4. 09. 2024
  • This is the first in the video series where we explore the world of analog electronics. As this is the first video, we go over what is probably the most important topic in the series, what is electricity?
    The future schedule for the videos looks good as this video was on time. If you want to see the schedule, check out my blog, link below. The next video will be on Wednesday with Arduino Tutorials.
    Next Video: Resistance is Futile
    What I want to do with this series is answer some of your questions. So, every third video is dedicated to answering user submitted questions. So, if you have any questions, put them into the comment box below, or email them to johnnywasascientst@gmail.com with the phrase "Electronics 101 Questions" to help me sort through them.
    As always, please check out my blog where you can watch the latest videos or check out my latest projects.
    8bitprojects.bl...

Komentáře • 98

  • @SwapneelGhosh95
    @SwapneelGhosh95 Před 10 lety +5

    More people like you on earth would really make a difference. Thanks for your videos, they have generated a newfound interest in me. You're doing a great job :)

  • @ONLY1JLO
    @ONLY1JLO Před 9 lety

    In the business 15 yrs now and this is the best explanation ive ever heard on the topic of electricity. Good job man!

  • @mishrasidhant
    @mishrasidhant Před 6 lety

    Seriously, why didn't high speed internet and youtube tutorials exist back in high school. Loved your explanation, so clear and easy to understand!

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 12 lety

    The thing about AC is that it's not so much negative voltage as current moving in the opposite direction. When the live is connected, via a device, to the neutral, current flows at 50 hertz through one way, then the other. Remember there is no current flow, without a path.

  • @prebigbanger1790
    @prebigbanger1790 Před 9 lety +11

    @ 9:00 . R = V / I the video made a mistake.

  • @theFLacker123
    @theFLacker123 Před 10 lety +1

    Well done. Great Video! Love the analogies

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 12 lety

    Good catch. I'm glad someone is watching the video as closely as you.

  • @KeyserTheRedBeard
    @KeyserTheRedBeard Před 2 lety

    nice upload humanHardDrive. I smashed the thumbs up on your video. Keep up the outstanding work.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 12 lety

    I've never heard that the battery doesn't supply the electrons. I've always been taught that it has. The electrons in the wire provide a sort of bridge for the battery. The positive terminal of the battery acts like a vacuum that pulls the electrons of the wire, in turn pulling the electrons from the negative terminal of the battery.

  • @bendono
    @bendono Před 2 lety

    I recently discovered your channel. You have a lot of great content. It is a shame that you do not seem to post anymore.

  • @SebastianSipos
    @SebastianSipos Před 11 lety

    the resistor will consume all the voltage, but if you put another one of the same type in series, they will consume half and half.
    You probably were thinking about a bulb of 110 or 220v. That's the max it can handle (+10V usually, for fluctuations). More than that, it burns out.

  • @naota3k
    @naota3k Před 8 lety +6

    Hey man, great video! I've been looking for this kind of thing for months. I haven't watched the next video (where I assume this question will be answered, since it's about resistors), but how did you know that all of the 5 volts were dropped in your example with the 100Ω resistor, resulting in 0 back to the battery? Thanks again for this series!

    • @jmcorp8021
      @jmcorp8021 Před 8 lety +1

      en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirchhoff%27s_circuit_laws Kirchoff's voltage law states that the the total voltage when the circuit completes must return to 0. If there is only one component in a circuit ALL the voltage must 'drop' across that component on its way back to the battery. Even in the 0 component schematic used as an example there is an inherent resistance in the wire or whatever used to 'short circuit' the battery, and in the battery itself. He touches on it a little, but the basic idea is that the super small resistance in the battery and wire will cause a huge amount of current to flow. This massive current will cause the circuit to dissipate the heat, wattage, in the wire and the battery. but the 'voltage' at the negative terminal to the battery, even with zero components, will still be 0v. You might get a fire, as he said, but that's how it works.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    It's kirchoff's law of voltages. It says that the sum of voltage used by components in a circuit must be 0. Thus at the beginning of a circuit, the battery puts out some voltage, and the resistors must consume some voltage for the sum to be 0. Having said that, you should also take a look at my circuit analysis video, it goes into much greater depth of Kirchoff's laws.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    Current cannot flow without voltage. However there can be voltage without current. Because you can think of voltage like pressure, there is voltage at certain points, but not at others. The point just before the resistor still has voltage, but afterward there isn't. There's still voltage, just not everywhere.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    It depends. Connecting two power sources in series will add the output voltage. Connecting them in parallel will add the amount of current that can be supplied.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    There is a voltage drop. According to Krichoff's Law of Voltages, all the voltages in a circuit must add to 0. It says that simply because you can't have a positive voltage flowing to ground, that would be a short. Thus the resistor's job is to drop that voltage.

  • @josephlee4337
    @josephlee4337 Před 10 lety

    Thank you for teaching. You are great.

  • @TheOysterjam
    @TheOysterjam Před 11 lety

    it was decided before anyone knew what an electron was. it just made sense to the first physicists that were studying it to assume current goes from positive to negative.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    At the beginning of the circuit, the voltage is 5 volts, and at the end it must be 0. That 5 volts has to go somewhere and it is dropped by the resistor in the form of, most generally, heat.

  • @zarserz
    @zarserz Před 11 lety

    There is a potential difference over the resistor, which makes current flow through the resistor, in the well known relation known as Ohm's law.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    Power sources can only output so much current, flow, at so much pressure, voltage. Current is finite. When the resistor resists the current flow, the amount it resists and the voltage it resists at, tell you how much power the resistor is going to output.

  • @hypemmm
    @hypemmm Před 11 lety

    I think it's because a SURPLUS (+) of electrons means it is more negatively charged; yet it is denoted as positive. A DEFICIENCY (-) of electrons means it is more positively charged; yet is denoted as negative. Electrons flow from SURPLUS (+) to a DEFICIENCY (-).

  • @fakename3608
    @fakename3608 Před 10 měsíci

    this is so good! thank you bro.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    A short circuit is when there is a direct connection between a power supply's two terminals. If something just consumes a lot of power, it's not a short circuit.

  • @blabrum
    @blabrum Před 9 lety

    Maybe this was covered by one of the comments but when trying to reduce voltage through your circuit - how will you know whats an acceptable amount of heat (voltage) when voltage passes back to the battery? Is there a particular metric on batteries that will indicate this? Also, im guessing that you always strive for 0V (is that always possible? Seems like in the video you rounded 0.25 down to 0 so i get the feeling its not)?
    Inspired video by the way. Cant wait to watch more!

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    Technically the actual flow is from negative to positive. However, the way I show is called conventional current and is more often used, and is much easily understood.

  • @sarvadnyadesai861
    @sarvadnyadesai861 Před 8 lety

    A wonderful video keep it up!!!!
    👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻 you are the man!!!!

  • @lindsaynichole2004
    @lindsaynichole2004 Před 12 lety

    This video is very helpful. Thanks for posting!

  • @jmc0123
    @jmc0123 Před 11 lety

    Very attractive and informing video tho, thanks

  • @rhalfcaacbay4860
    @rhalfcaacbay4860 Před 11 lety

    thank you sir. i gonna watch all of your videos. By the way, i like your tutorial in AVR-C im starting to get a deeper understanding in avr microcontrollers. thanks to you

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    Any component in a circuit that doesn't supply voltage, will consume it. If you want to learn more about resistors, I suggest you watch my video on resistors.

  • @nunyafukkin938
    @nunyafukkin938 Před 11 lety

    Thanks i'm understanding more. So in the example after resistance there is .25 watts of power. sorry if im bugging you but i was wondering.. since the 5 volts of .05 amps was resisted and .25 watts of power is left to power a device.. then the resistor turned the volts of current into watts of power?

  • @jamest.5001
    @jamest.5001 Před 6 lety

    so a short circuit. is when the battery has more resistance than the circuit! or the circuit is a wire loop connected to the batt. correct? I think of electricity as balls or particles in a pipe or wire. 1 particle =1amp, and the speed= volts. as just a way of thinking. the resistor slows the particles. a capacitor is like a cup that holds particles and can be dumped out. inductors are like a slingshot. that can shoot particles out faster. like in a boost converter. but they can be used in other ways also. that's just how I think! great video!

  • @Zilgs
    @Zilgs Před 11 lety

    Excellent keep the good work!!!

  • @pafrock1
    @pafrock1 Před 11 lety

    Hi there, and thanks for making this video. One thing Im trying to wrap my head around is if a circuit has an open switch how is the current transferring through a device. I would think its not powering. Can you explain how the current flows through the switch?

  • @rhalfcaacbay4860
    @rhalfcaacbay4860 Před 11 lety

    futhermore, sir i would also like to know the difference of bipolar transistor to JFET,MOSFET and othe FET. thank you sir.

  • @w0mblemania
    @w0mblemania Před 9 lety

    Thank you for this video. Very useful! But something that is puzzling me about the role of resistors: For a working circuit, you need to have a closed circuit, yes? i.e. electrons moving around the circuit, without break. But if you have a high value resistor, doesn't that stop the flow of electrons, basically breaking the circuit? What have I missed here?

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 12 lety

    It's called live because that is the wire through which the current originally flows from.

  • @braddockrealestate
    @braddockrealestate Před 12 lety

    The Ohm's Law equation would have R=V/I, you inverted these, just a little confusing. Thanks for the vid.

  • @rhalfcaacbay4860
    @rhalfcaacbay4860 Před 11 lety

    sir, im a big fan of yours. just want to ask something coz im kind of confused. what will happen if i connect 5v power source to another 5v power source?

  • @raymondcano5
    @raymondcano5 Před 12 lety

    Very helpful thank you

  • @jmarnett11
    @jmarnett11 Před 11 lety

    Can you do a vacuum tube lesson?

  • @MylesJP
    @MylesJP Před 11 lety

    At what point does something become a short circuit? What if you used a 100 mOhm resistor or a 100 uOhm resistor? Is there a specific power that has to be achieved for it to be considered a short circuit? Thanks!

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    The voltage coming out from the battery is at 5 volts, and at the end is 0. So the resistor has to "drop" that 5 volts.

  • @stevetuzeneu5992
    @stevetuzeneu5992 Před 7 lety

    When thinking about D.C., is it electron flow, or conventional flow, and why? Does current flow from negative to positive, or from positive to negative? When looking at a schematic, this can be confusing. Thanks for your reply humandHardDrive.

  • @marcperry8645
    @marcperry8645 Před 8 lety

    HHD, do you have anything on Inductors; particularly as they behave in an AC circuit?

  • @twelthfretbreak
    @twelthfretbreak Před 7 lety

    Thanks for making this!

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    You can think of it that way, but electrons actually move from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.

  • @grant19933
    @grant19933 Před 12 lety

    Very informative!

  • @nunyafukkin938
    @nunyafukkin938 Před 11 lety

    And if so then I start to think that there must still be some voltage after resistance because how can current flow without pressure unless current is always flowing for some reason and the pressure it flows at can be manipulated. If you can help me out I would appreciate it because i'm so confused and really want to understand. Watts and Volts confuse me because it sound like they do the same job except if watts are considered as strength like power and volts are considered force like pressure

  • @N75MP
    @N75MP Před 8 lety

    So I'm working on a project that requires me to reduce 120vac wall power to 3.7v-5vdc but also, I'll need to have sufficient current say around d 10-30amps, while pushing low resistance. All help is appreciated, is there a formula or a process to accomplishing this task? Thanks!

  • @troviable
    @troviable Před 11 lety

    At minute 4:42 you talk about a voltage drops due to the resistor, I don't think the voltage drops, voltage is the same , currents drops.
    Same voltage, more resistance, less current.

  • @Lordrainor
    @Lordrainor Před 11 lety

    THANK YOU *-*!! This really helps me, A LOT. KEEP IT UP MAN!

  • @Txdezi1Arielle
    @Txdezi1Arielle Před 9 lety

    hey guys I know squat about electronics so I have a serious question.
    1. I have a viper 2way car alarm that comes with a 2 way remote
    2. I need the remote speaker to be louder for wen I am asleep as I can not hear the car alarm due to the distance from my apartment.
    3. I was wondering if I could open the key fob and desolder the tiny seaker and instead solder in a headphone jack and then plug it into the line in on my stereo would this allow my stereo to play the sound that should have been coming out of the speaker?
    Thanks in advance

  • @sd4dfg2
    @sd4dfg2 Před 12 lety

    The amperage isn't just "volume of water", it's volume over time right?

  • @adnanadnan12337
    @adnanadnan12337 Před 7 lety

    The recommendation for the circuit I'm building to use 10 ohm resistor 1/4 Watt 5%, instead I bought 10 ohm 1/2 watt carbon resistors 5%. ( 3x SFH485P, 5V USB power, and 1x 10 Ohm) Am I gonging to burn My apartment with the resistor I've bought?

  • @tyroneknight9355
    @tyroneknight9355 Před 10 lety +16

    R= I / V is wrong.
    R= V/I !

    • @azorasky6973
      @azorasky6973 Před 7 lety

      hi everyone ,if anyone else trying to find out understanding electronics pdf try Sovallo Circuits Expert Fixer ( search on google ) ? Ive heard some amazing things about it and my friend got amazing success with it.

  • @nunyafukkin938
    @nunyafukkin938 Před 11 lety

    I get confused when u explain volts as being pressure 'difference'. I'm thinking that volts come from a power source then is resisted. The resistor lets out watts of current which goes wherever it's directed.
    It seems to make sense if u say volts is the amount of pressure a current is flowing at. U said difference. I'm trying to understand that.
    Power sources put out an amount of volts of current? 5 volts of approx inf. amps of current till it's resisted leaving .25 watts of .05 amps?

  • @loganbetts6468
    @loganbetts6468 Před 10 lety

    I'm still a noob to all of this but what if electricity is flowing through a superconductor? Would that make it infinite amperage? I'm sure that it's impossible but theoretically speaking.

  • @zarserz
    @zarserz Před 11 lety

    That's not quite true. Kirchoff's voltage law states that in a loop, the sum of the voltages must be 0. This is because you can't have a surplus of voltage floating anywhere, it'd add up. If you have a short, the wire is simply the resistor, and since the resistance of the wire is very little, a lot of current flows, as we can see in ohm's law: I=U/R, as R approaches 0, I approaches infinite.
    Kirchhoff's law doesn't always hold though, it's a simplification of Faraday's law of Induction.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 12 lety

    Correct

  • @CertifiedNerdy
    @CertifiedNerdy Před 11 lety

    He is right.

  • @manoclocknews
    @manoclocknews Před 9 lety

    i wanted to ask a noobish question in math, whats the subject of math youre using in that lim eqasion?

    • @cdnuzzo
      @cdnuzzo Před 9 lety

      Calculus. He also says it in the video.

  • @MrSaemichlaus
    @MrSaemichlaus Před 10 lety

    Correction: Amps = Volume of water FLOWING PER TIME. means in electricity: charge (disposed) per time

    • @lovecastle7154
      @lovecastle7154 Před 9 lety

      When I saw delta t and delta q.... I remember in maths learning that it meant change, so it's change in q divided by change in time

  • @danielbishop7890
    @danielbishop7890 Před 9 lety +2

    A bit off topic, but... this guy sounds just like Lester from GTA 5!

  • @LILEmusic11
    @LILEmusic11 Před 10 lety

    just a quick question... if I am bad at math can i still be good at electronics?

  • @dbogasaur8792
    @dbogasaur8792 Před 11 lety

    The current is the same throughout the circuit...

  • @jmc0123
    @jmc0123 Před 11 lety

    At around 9:40 you put R=I/V instead of R=V/I

  • @KOOLBOYSC1
    @KOOLBOYSC1 Před 11 lety

    Do I need to know calculus to learn this because I'm in the 8th grade and I reeeeeeeally wan to learn about electronics

  • @kitzenkiller1572
    @kitzenkiller1572 Před 9 lety +1

    Why is video 7 private ? :(

  • @emmabellaqueen
    @emmabellaqueen Před 8 lety

    There are many components to studying circuits. One resource I found which succeeds in merging these is the Gregs Electro Blog (check it out on google) definately the no.1 info i've seen. Check out this unbelievable site.

  • @sibathelordofAll
    @sibathelordofAll Před rokem

    there is a mistake at 9:18 / 17:49
    V = I x R
    R = V / I
    I = V / R

  • @SebastianSipos
    @SebastianSipos Před 11 lety

    At Ohm's law, R=V/I

  • @resystanc3
    @resystanc3 Před 10 lety

    This isn't _the electricity_. This is the _effect_ of electricity. Not the same!

  • @unrue1048
    @unrue1048 Před 2 lety

    If V=IR then R=V/I and not I/V

  • @Redflowers9
    @Redflowers9 Před 11 lety

    Or, current gets bigger without stopping.

  • @humanHardDrive
    @humanHardDrive  Před 11 lety

    I try to avoid complex math as much as possible.

  • @debstor6599
    @debstor6599 Před 9 lety +2

    i got headache after this video

  • @denoc817
    @denoc817 Před 5 lety

    Bad analogy. Should teach current using electrical term not with a water hose

  • @abatherzidan9362
    @abatherzidan9362 Před 8 lety

    there is only one think .. R=V/I

  • @0s0sXD
    @0s0sXD Před 7 lety

    change your name to human solid state drive XD

  • @tomerbrosilow5402
    @tomerbrosilow5402 Před 11 lety

    It's because Benjamin Franklin made a mistake...

  • @jakeambrose4294
    @jakeambrose4294 Před 9 lety

    lost my attention so fast lol

  • @RohitThakurTechEngies
    @RohitThakurTechEngies Před 8 lety

    no logic

  • @josephmazzulla646
    @josephmazzulla646 Před 7 lety

    the writing is terrible