Electronics 101: What is electricity?
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- čas přidán 4. 09. 2024
- This is the first in the video series where we explore the world of analog electronics. As this is the first video, we go over what is probably the most important topic in the series, what is electricity?
The future schedule for the videos looks good as this video was on time. If you want to see the schedule, check out my blog, link below. The next video will be on Wednesday with Arduino Tutorials.
Next Video: Resistance is Futile
What I want to do with this series is answer some of your questions. So, every third video is dedicated to answering user submitted questions. So, if you have any questions, put them into the comment box below, or email them to johnnywasascientst@gmail.com with the phrase "Electronics 101 Questions" to help me sort through them.
As always, please check out my blog where you can watch the latest videos or check out my latest projects.
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More people like you on earth would really make a difference. Thanks for your videos, they have generated a newfound interest in me. You're doing a great job :)
In the business 15 yrs now and this is the best explanation ive ever heard on the topic of electricity. Good job man!
Seriously, why didn't high speed internet and youtube tutorials exist back in high school. Loved your explanation, so clear and easy to understand!
The thing about AC is that it's not so much negative voltage as current moving in the opposite direction. When the live is connected, via a device, to the neutral, current flows at 50 hertz through one way, then the other. Remember there is no current flow, without a path.
@ 9:00 . R = V / I the video made a mistake.
Well done. Great Video! Love the analogies
Good catch. I'm glad someone is watching the video as closely as you.
nice upload humanHardDrive. I smashed the thumbs up on your video. Keep up the outstanding work.
I've never heard that the battery doesn't supply the electrons. I've always been taught that it has. The electrons in the wire provide a sort of bridge for the battery. The positive terminal of the battery acts like a vacuum that pulls the electrons of the wire, in turn pulling the electrons from the negative terminal of the battery.
I recently discovered your channel. You have a lot of great content. It is a shame that you do not seem to post anymore.
the resistor will consume all the voltage, but if you put another one of the same type in series, they will consume half and half.
You probably were thinking about a bulb of 110 or 220v. That's the max it can handle (+10V usually, for fluctuations). More than that, it burns out.
Hey man, great video! I've been looking for this kind of thing for months. I haven't watched the next video (where I assume this question will be answered, since it's about resistors), but how did you know that all of the 5 volts were dropped in your example with the 100Ω resistor, resulting in 0 back to the battery? Thanks again for this series!
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirchhoff%27s_circuit_laws Kirchoff's voltage law states that the the total voltage when the circuit completes must return to 0. If there is only one component in a circuit ALL the voltage must 'drop' across that component on its way back to the battery. Even in the 0 component schematic used as an example there is an inherent resistance in the wire or whatever used to 'short circuit' the battery, and in the battery itself. He touches on it a little, but the basic idea is that the super small resistance in the battery and wire will cause a huge amount of current to flow. This massive current will cause the circuit to dissipate the heat, wattage, in the wire and the battery. but the 'voltage' at the negative terminal to the battery, even with zero components, will still be 0v. You might get a fire, as he said, but that's how it works.
It's kirchoff's law of voltages. It says that the sum of voltage used by components in a circuit must be 0. Thus at the beginning of a circuit, the battery puts out some voltage, and the resistors must consume some voltage for the sum to be 0. Having said that, you should also take a look at my circuit analysis video, it goes into much greater depth of Kirchoff's laws.
Current cannot flow without voltage. However there can be voltage without current. Because you can think of voltage like pressure, there is voltage at certain points, but not at others. The point just before the resistor still has voltage, but afterward there isn't. There's still voltage, just not everywhere.
It depends. Connecting two power sources in series will add the output voltage. Connecting them in parallel will add the amount of current that can be supplied.
There is a voltage drop. According to Krichoff's Law of Voltages, all the voltages in a circuit must add to 0. It says that simply because you can't have a positive voltage flowing to ground, that would be a short. Thus the resistor's job is to drop that voltage.
Thank you for teaching. You are great.
it was decided before anyone knew what an electron was. it just made sense to the first physicists that were studying it to assume current goes from positive to negative.
At the beginning of the circuit, the voltage is 5 volts, and at the end it must be 0. That 5 volts has to go somewhere and it is dropped by the resistor in the form of, most generally, heat.
There is a potential difference over the resistor, which makes current flow through the resistor, in the well known relation known as Ohm's law.
Power sources can only output so much current, flow, at so much pressure, voltage. Current is finite. When the resistor resists the current flow, the amount it resists and the voltage it resists at, tell you how much power the resistor is going to output.
I think it's because a SURPLUS (+) of electrons means it is more negatively charged; yet it is denoted as positive. A DEFICIENCY (-) of electrons means it is more positively charged; yet is denoted as negative. Electrons flow from SURPLUS (+) to a DEFICIENCY (-).
this is so good! thank you bro.
A short circuit is when there is a direct connection between a power supply's two terminals. If something just consumes a lot of power, it's not a short circuit.
Maybe this was covered by one of the comments but when trying to reduce voltage through your circuit - how will you know whats an acceptable amount of heat (voltage) when voltage passes back to the battery? Is there a particular metric on batteries that will indicate this? Also, im guessing that you always strive for 0V (is that always possible? Seems like in the video you rounded 0.25 down to 0 so i get the feeling its not)?
Inspired video by the way. Cant wait to watch more!
Technically the actual flow is from negative to positive. However, the way I show is called conventional current and is more often used, and is much easily understood.
A wonderful video keep it up!!!!
👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻 you are the man!!!!
This video is very helpful. Thanks for posting!
Very attractive and informing video tho, thanks
thank you sir. i gonna watch all of your videos. By the way, i like your tutorial in AVR-C im starting to get a deeper understanding in avr microcontrollers. thanks to you
Any component in a circuit that doesn't supply voltage, will consume it. If you want to learn more about resistors, I suggest you watch my video on resistors.
Thanks i'm understanding more. So in the example after resistance there is .25 watts of power. sorry if im bugging you but i was wondering.. since the 5 volts of .05 amps was resisted and .25 watts of power is left to power a device.. then the resistor turned the volts of current into watts of power?
so a short circuit. is when the battery has more resistance than the circuit! or the circuit is a wire loop connected to the batt. correct? I think of electricity as balls or particles in a pipe or wire. 1 particle =1amp, and the speed= volts. as just a way of thinking. the resistor slows the particles. a capacitor is like a cup that holds particles and can be dumped out. inductors are like a slingshot. that can shoot particles out faster. like in a boost converter. but they can be used in other ways also. that's just how I think! great video!
Excellent keep the good work!!!
Hi there, and thanks for making this video. One thing Im trying to wrap my head around is if a circuit has an open switch how is the current transferring through a device. I would think its not powering. Can you explain how the current flows through the switch?
futhermore, sir i would also like to know the difference of bipolar transistor to JFET,MOSFET and othe FET. thank you sir.
Thank you for this video. Very useful! But something that is puzzling me about the role of resistors: For a working circuit, you need to have a closed circuit, yes? i.e. electrons moving around the circuit, without break. But if you have a high value resistor, doesn't that stop the flow of electrons, basically breaking the circuit? What have I missed here?
It's called live because that is the wire through which the current originally flows from.
The Ohm's Law equation would have R=V/I, you inverted these, just a little confusing. Thanks for the vid.
sir, im a big fan of yours. just want to ask something coz im kind of confused. what will happen if i connect 5v power source to another 5v power source?
Very helpful thank you
Can you do a vacuum tube lesson?
At what point does something become a short circuit? What if you used a 100 mOhm resistor or a 100 uOhm resistor? Is there a specific power that has to be achieved for it to be considered a short circuit? Thanks!
The voltage coming out from the battery is at 5 volts, and at the end is 0. So the resistor has to "drop" that 5 volts.
When thinking about D.C., is it electron flow, or conventional flow, and why? Does current flow from negative to positive, or from positive to negative? When looking at a schematic, this can be confusing. Thanks for your reply humandHardDrive.
HHD, do you have anything on Inductors; particularly as they behave in an AC circuit?
Thanks for making this!
You can think of it that way, but electrons actually move from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.
Very informative!
And if so then I start to think that there must still be some voltage after resistance because how can current flow without pressure unless current is always flowing for some reason and the pressure it flows at can be manipulated. If you can help me out I would appreciate it because i'm so confused and really want to understand. Watts and Volts confuse me because it sound like they do the same job except if watts are considered as strength like power and volts are considered force like pressure
So I'm working on a project that requires me to reduce 120vac wall power to 3.7v-5vdc but also, I'll need to have sufficient current say around d 10-30amps, while pushing low resistance. All help is appreciated, is there a formula or a process to accomplishing this task? Thanks!
At minute 4:42 you talk about a voltage drops due to the resistor, I don't think the voltage drops, voltage is the same , currents drops.
Same voltage, more resistance, less current.
THANK YOU *-*!! This really helps me, A LOT. KEEP IT UP MAN!
hey guys I know squat about electronics so I have a serious question.
1. I have a viper 2way car alarm that comes with a 2 way remote
2. I need the remote speaker to be louder for wen I am asleep as I can not hear the car alarm due to the distance from my apartment.
3. I was wondering if I could open the key fob and desolder the tiny seaker and instead solder in a headphone jack and then plug it into the line in on my stereo would this allow my stereo to play the sound that should have been coming out of the speaker?
Thanks in advance
The amperage isn't just "volume of water", it's volume over time right?
The recommendation for the circuit I'm building to use 10 ohm resistor 1/4 Watt 5%, instead I bought 10 ohm 1/2 watt carbon resistors 5%. ( 3x SFH485P, 5V USB power, and 1x 10 Ohm) Am I gonging to burn My apartment with the resistor I've bought?
R= I / V is wrong.
R= V/I !
hi everyone ,if anyone else trying to find out understanding electronics pdf try Sovallo Circuits Expert Fixer ( search on google ) ? Ive heard some amazing things about it and my friend got amazing success with it.
I get confused when u explain volts as being pressure 'difference'. I'm thinking that volts come from a power source then is resisted. The resistor lets out watts of current which goes wherever it's directed.
It seems to make sense if u say volts is the amount of pressure a current is flowing at. U said difference. I'm trying to understand that.
Power sources put out an amount of volts of current? 5 volts of approx inf. amps of current till it's resisted leaving .25 watts of .05 amps?
I'm still a noob to all of this but what if electricity is flowing through a superconductor? Would that make it infinite amperage? I'm sure that it's impossible but theoretically speaking.
That's not quite true. Kirchoff's voltage law states that in a loop, the sum of the voltages must be 0. This is because you can't have a surplus of voltage floating anywhere, it'd add up. If you have a short, the wire is simply the resistor, and since the resistance of the wire is very little, a lot of current flows, as we can see in ohm's law: I=U/R, as R approaches 0, I approaches infinite.
Kirchhoff's law doesn't always hold though, it's a simplification of Faraday's law of Induction.
Correct
He is right.
i wanted to ask a noobish question in math, whats the subject of math youre using in that lim eqasion?
Calculus. He also says it in the video.
Correction: Amps = Volume of water FLOWING PER TIME. means in electricity: charge (disposed) per time
When I saw delta t and delta q.... I remember in maths learning that it meant change, so it's change in q divided by change in time
A bit off topic, but... this guy sounds just like Lester from GTA 5!
just a quick question... if I am bad at math can i still be good at electronics?
no
The current is the same throughout the circuit...
At around 9:40 you put R=I/V instead of R=V/I
Do I need to know calculus to learn this because I'm in the 8th grade and I reeeeeeeally wan to learn about electronics
Why is video 7 private ? :(
Emerson Lopez dirty shit happens.
There are many components to studying circuits. One resource I found which succeeds in merging these is the Gregs Electro Blog (check it out on google) definately the no.1 info i've seen. Check out this unbelievable site.
there is a mistake at 9:18 / 17:49
V = I x R
R = V / I
I = V / R
At Ohm's law, R=V/I
This isn't _the electricity_. This is the _effect_ of electricity. Not the same!
If V=IR then R=V/I and not I/V
Or, current gets bigger without stopping.
I try to avoid complex math as much as possible.
i got headache after this video
Bad analogy. Should teach current using electrical term not with a water hose
there is only one think .. R=V/I
change your name to human solid state drive XD
It's because Benjamin Franklin made a mistake...
lost my attention so fast lol
no logic
the writing is terrible