Ten Minute History - Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire (Short Documentary)
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- čas přidán 23. 11. 2018
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This episode of Ten Minute History (like a documentary, only shorter) covers the situation in the Eastern Steppe and the inter-tribal warfare there which saw the ascendancy of the Mongols. Led by Genghis Khan they waged a series of wars which over the course of decades saw the Mongol Empire become the largest contiguous empire in all of human history. Of course, the empire soon fell into civil war and from that came Khubilai Khan, whose policies earned him a reputation as a skilled and competent ruler.
Recommended Reading:
John Man - The Mongol Empire: Genghis Khan, His Heirs and the Founding of Modern China. This book is a fantastic detailed overview of the empire and the Yuan dynasty. Has a great chapter on the Mongol's legacy.
Morris Rossabi - The Mongols: A Very Short Introduction. I always recommend these books but that's because they're great. This one has some issues with its structure but for its price point it's phenomenal.
An insignificant tribe becoming the greatest conquerors of all time.
Now that's hell of a success story.
Quraysh: *am i a joke to you?*
Alexander the great. Was only king of macedonia, a small province.
Probably way smaller than tatar lands.
@@lepangolin4080 expect his dad probably did most of the hard carry on that one
@@lepangolin4080 his father started the conquest and actions that made Macedon superior tho alexander did contribute in those battles. He was raised and trained by the greatest minds and so forth of that age n he was the son of the king. He had more then Genghis in everything from the start so he had it easier then him.
@@lepangolin4080 Nah. Macedon was the most powerful kingdom of all of greece
There is a disturbing lack of horses in this video about the Mongols
So true!! And their were not a single bow!!!
@@alexandrine1558 You really loved yours, didn't you? Your boi Bicephale
There were 10 horses, 2.5 for each khanate
*Ponies
I find your lack of horses... disturbing
When life gives you lemons, destroy zhongdu and conquer the world
That literally does not make any sense.
@@jonnathan7908 We'll invade through the Ardennes.
@@jonnathan7908 Chewbacca lived on Endor with the Wookies. That does not make sense!
Life gave me onions. Onionade sucks.
@@Antebios Endor had many Cookies.
Wookiees love Cookies.
Whilst the Mongols failed in their invasion of India, a descendant of the Ilkhanate, now fully Persianised and Islamisiced, would eventually invade India and create what became known as the Mughal Empire
The Mughals will definitely get an episode of their own.
@@HistoryMatters they definitely deserve one.
Off topic - The Axumite Empire in Ethiopia and everything that followed it is also worth a video
@@HistoryMatters How about a video about Timurlane and his empire before that, then the videos would be build upon each other and be a nice timeline
savioblanc this was about to be exactly my question. Most notably being the Mughals religious and, in many ways, social tolerance. Which was inspired by the Mongols.
I thought it was the Chagati Khanate, cause he was also a descendant of Timur and central asia was where he originated from even though he did invade the middle east later on
If you want to live a long and happy life, don't be a mongol envoy...
Actually nobody else dared to kill any Mongols after the Kwarezemians were wiped off the map.
If you want to live knowing someone will destroy an empire and decimate its ruling dynasty going so far as to chase the living members of the bloodline around the world just to avenge you, be a mongol envoy.
@@lethostormcrow3142 The Rus, the Abbasids and the Song also did
And they all paid their price...
If you want to live in peace stay away from the steppes
It's said that king Bela IV of hungary burned all the 30 envoys of batu khan on a stake after accusing them being heretics.
Now we need a short documentary about how Korea resisted forever in 10 minutes
They failed because of JIN OF CLAN SAKAI, THE GHOST OF TSUSHIMA
@@KingAgniKai LMAO
@@KingAgniKai EXCELLENT
@@KingAgniKai I hope you don't actually believe that was true, please tell me you were joking
@@user-uy7bn4kt2b are you stupid?
Tartars may be gone but their sauce lives on.
As does their cream.
They’re still around though?
And steak tartare
😂😂😂
Their food mostly
You know there’s at least one kid out there who turned in a transcript of one of these videos in as a class assignment. Almost would have gotten away with it but forgot to edit out “and special thanks to our patrons...”
James Bisonette
Thomas Kestridge
Adam Harvey
Donald Trump
@@Khono well, that brought that joke to a screeching halt. Thanks Khono.
4:29
"They kept resisting. Forever"
I'm korean and in history class we study every single resistance movement around the country which is a nightmare..
山崎さとし lmao no self respecting korean would be a weeb like you
@@HSDJun okay boomer
@@HSDJun gatekeeping animation? Pathetic...
@thunder key okay gay
thunder key okay gay
When an entire people wanted to see just how far they truly could go. And in an age when information was only as fast as your fastest horse. Controlling every inch of land between Soule and Warsaw is pretty damn impressive.
To be fair the USSR controlled every inch of land between Pyongyang and Berlin at one point as well, but I do see your point, the Mongols were impressive
@@pocketmarcy6990 Modern Russia/the USSR resemble and have lineage to the Golden Horde which influenced Russian statehood to a large degree.
@@eldariskenderfranke4284 well they broke away from it, but yes, the golden hoard definitely helped define the Russian identity
@@pocketmarcy6990 Several centuries later with much more complex technology.
Seoul*
Worth mentioning that the Mongol's typhoon-related failure to conquer Japan is the origin of the Japanese word, "kamikaze."
The divine wind that repels invaders
Also, the typhoon didn't blow their ships away in one fell swoop or whatever. They made landfall twice, in 1274 and again in 1281, and twice a typhoon screwed with their ships, causing confusion in position etc. etc., disrupting what would otherwise have been a likely victory.
When the only reason you're country didn't become a Mongolia vassal state was some harsh winds.
@@AsifIcarebear3not even a likely victory lmfao 🤣🤣🤣🤣
@@marcushaupt1564Damn, Empire Japan almost ruined that term
Just a quick note on spelling: Some people may be unfamiliar with the spellings used in this video (Khubilai and Arigh Berke the most obvious) but my reason for using them is that they’re the ones used by British exam boards. Just so it makes it easier for students.
Also the next episode will be ‘The American Civil War’ because World War Two requires about three months of drawing and animating.
Very nice video skills. I am a big fan :]
Wasn't Kublai Budhist tho?
Nikolay Tsankov I think Buddhism has some compatibility with East Asian religions. The Japanese tend to follow Buddhism and their own Shinto religion.
On the subject of "spelling" you used the Simplified Chinese character guo (country/kingdom) in zhongguo. Other than that, awesome as always.
Ha ha! I was just about to write about Arigh Berke. Yet strangely, you see The name of the Golden Horde Khan Berke spelled like that and yet also the name of the would-be-Great Khan spelled Ariq-Böke, for example.
"How many children and next generations you have fathered?!"
Genghis Khan: *Y E S*
That's Gengis Khan 🤦
Genghis Khan's father: IMPUDENT FOOL
Except genghis only had 6 children, all of those lineages died off.
Er zeugte 7 Kinder in einer Nacht! Und über seine Feinde hat er nur gelacht!
It is incredible that he didn't tie young of STDs
Vietnams Official National Motto could be: "Vietnam: Kicking asses of invaders since 1246!"
nah Much Much Longer Than That
Vietnam: Kicking bullies from the start
Except when the French came in
@@MatsLM Remember Dien Bien Phu. The French got their asses kicked too eventually ;)
@@MatsLM except when the US came in
Oh wait, they ran like bitches and abandon their puppet state
Genghis Khan: "I'm getting a bit bored of conquering everything, lets try diplomacy this time."
*Envoys get murdered by dynasty they were sent to*
Genghis Khan: *EXTERMINATUS!!!!!*
Chingis Khan: COWABUNGA IT IS!
Genghis Khan: So you have chosen death
Chinggis Khan: " Peace Was Never An Option..."
Genghis Khan: Hippity Hoppity your land is now my property
I love how genghis’s solution to every problem was just to kill literally everyone, it’s utter genius! :D
Like someone once said: "The mongols used pragmatic violence"
@@JasonDoe1000 Practical Brutality
There's no unhappiness if there're no unhappy people ;)
Because he hated egoistic people who believe I am the god. So he did say " I am the punishment of God...If you had not committed great sins, God would not have sent a punishment like me upon you"
Late reply, but he only killed anyone who decided not to submit to him (and when I say kill I mean downright massacre everyone in the state). He was more forgiving to those who did and actually supported religious tolerance (which is ironic considering that other dictators such as Hitler and Stalin were notorious for religious discrimination).
Fun fact: the Mongols at one time allied with Armenians against their enemies in the relevant regions. So if you ever pick Mongols as an ally for Byzantines in Age of Empires 2, it is historically accurate and no one can tell you otherwise. Of course, if you start fighting the Incas, then historical accuracy isn't really a concern, is it?
Edit: Armenians are in the game now.
no one gives a shit about Armenians, stop trying to make yourselves relevant lol
@@elvincenzo Apparently someone didn’t read the rest of the comment.
Rise of nations>>>>>
They even allied with the French once
@@chevyjd2007 Ah, A man of Culture as well
Glad I watched this. Honestly i was under the impression Gengis did it all, including his sons' conquests' xD
Same here. I thought he conquered everything which then promptly collapsed on his death. A very edifying video for me.
No. That's Attila
@@Tallborn5 close. But not the same
Theres like 7 centuries between them.
@@Sraxtonno he means that what happened to attila's empire
2:44 Funny how the Jin dynasty had a Maginot line and the Mongols were using a blitzkrieg-like tactic
But they were able to invade Russia unlike small moustache man.
The left side of the Ural mountains is relatively flat so a lot of the mongols used that corridor to raid and pillage the western parts of europe.
@@theeditor394 Google the "Eurasian steppe"
@@theeditor394 Russia back than wasn’t unified and the mongols literally stopped there and couldn’t get any further
@@TheYolo20 unified or not, they couldn't beat them anyway. Plus, they didn't stop there.
"Only Ghengis's sons could be the Great Khan" Gee what an exclusive club
Lmfao this is so underrated
Do you have any idea how little that narrows it down?
To be fair, the sons had to be from a legitimate Mongolian wife, usually the main Queen. No sons of concubines, especially those who were non-Mongolian, were eligible for the Khan throne!
*Throat singing intensifies*
Bruuuh, it’s a thing of the Turks, not only mongol’s.
Don't insult My legend
this comment is gold
@Enhbayr Bilegt oh okay, thanks for clarifying
@Enhbayr Bilegt Both Turkic and Mongol cultures have throat singing. Actually, Genghis's army had a large population of Turkic soldiers too. We lived together, had wars together, and so on. As a Turkish Cypriot myself, I consider Timuçin Han(Genghis Khan) a great ancestor of mine, as I consider Mongols brothers and sisters of ours.
Even though my ancestors settled in a Mediterranean island for more than 200 years ago, We will never forget where we came from, which is Northeast China, and will not forget our battle-brothers, which are the other Turkic nations and Mongols.
3:30 ”Genghis decided that alot of people had to die” pretty much sums up the entire mongol empire
wrong
"I will make Jurassic extinction look like a child's play."
"the nomads who conquered the world"
what a fitting way to some up the largest contiguous empire in history
genghis khan:dint i say that if the empire gotted to big it would collapse
khubilai: yes
genghis:and what did you do
khubilai: made the empire to big and it collapsed
What really made it collapse was the fights over succession but over expansion didn't help
Khubilai: "am i bad?"
*Kubilay
Fun fact: Hulegu was a Nestorian Christian and his sack managed to hurt the Islamic world way worse than the Crusaders.
@Letho Stormcrow *But his founded dynasty (Illkhanate) in Persia/Iran later converted into Islam.☪️☪️☪️☪️☪️☪️*
@@aleksandarvil5718 But they never recovered from that. In fact some people think the Golden Age of Islam ended with Hulegu's sack.
Iran/Persia under Illkhanate rule returned to its persian culture and language
@@aleksandarvil5718 I'd argue the Safavids did this rather than the Illkhanate.
@Letho Stormcrow Illkhanate first started re-persianization of Persia
9:07 that high quality horse animation though
"Rub poo in it"!!! One of a best signs yet 😂😂😂
People in modern day Mongolia still believe in the medicinal properties of cow pies.
Years of Europa Universalis and I only jut notice the bay of Beijing looks like a dragon.
Never noticed that until you pointed it out
Holy shit...
Edit: plus, if you look at modern china, it also looks like a dragon (kinda)
LOL
RKMurphy is rooster
@@rkmurphy5648 a pretty fat dragon
3:22 Don’t you mean west?
No. Its just very far east. About as far east as the circumference of the world
East of London.
Fair enough.
nik Bahtin If you go far enough east, you will eventually circle around the globe and end up east of where you were
This whole comment section would trigger flat Earthers
Fun fact, Genghis Khan was timid and sensitive as a child but kind of just had to adjust to regular violence.
Not too timid it seems considering he murdered his older brother
-Can we have a temple? -You can have a hill. Thats religion for you right there
Fun Fact: No
He gave up his role as leader: by dying
He had a severe case of being shot
Lorenzo Pulmano No he had a severe case of death
Bullets, my only weakness.
Fun fact : yes
"Medicine back then was frankly pants."
Not only is the term "pants" inherently funny to me, but the way he says it, it sounds like he's speaking from personal experience.
Did the Mongol Empire really go that close to the (present-day) border of Finland, like the map shows?
It depends on what source you use. Some maps will put the northern Russian states as only vassals and some as neither. I went on what was implied in the sources I used.
For your information, Novgorod was vassalized instead of sacked just like the sultanate of Rum.
I think they did. There's a population of about a thousand Finnish Tatars descended from them that live there to this day.
When Batu invaded the Rus Grand Principalities, Novgorod and Piskov surrendered. They paid tribute to the Mongols. So as mentioned above, some maps show those territories with lines or a different shade of the same color but if they were called to war they had to answer and if they didn't, it was as good as declaring independence and the same goes with the tax bit.
Antti Björklund Yea
Despite being humorous, your narration always gets the proportion of the history right, the facts largely accurate, and the cultural authenticity correct.
A few additional bits of info:
-While the 3 confederations discussed are the groups of the Mongolian steppe proper, in the political landscape the neighboring Turkish groups factored in heavily. When considering the regional powers by their strength, the Mongols were initially the last group you'd expect to conquer the others.
-While Temujin was born the son of a noble, it didn't immediately confer upon him status of nobility. Temujin had an older, legitimate half-brother. Traditionally, Temujin would either be his brother's right-hand man, or else splinter off and have to form his own clan. Also, he would likely have married Temujin's mother. Instead Temujin murdered him. Allegedly.
-Class warfare was a big selling point for the Mongol's recruitment efforts. Some steppe-nomad leaders, particularly those in the West who interacted with formal states and churches, tried to emphasize differences in heritage and lineage to better establish themselves as true, hereditary 'nobility,' comparable to what you'd find in non-nomadic, Abrahamic states. (There are two terms that are often used to describe this: 'Black Bone' and 'White Bone.' The legitimacy of the terms is disputed, however and may be a later invention.) In contrast, Temujin was a pagan hick who had supposedly had been a slave at one point. If that wasn't de-legitimizing enough, Temujin's father's clan hadn't been politically significant in the first place. There's no such thing as an insignficant Duke; but being the Baron of a scrap of wasteground, by a mosquito-filled river, populated by cattle thieves, is arguably worse than not having a title whatsoever. Therefore the Mongol selling point became meritocracy, equality (up to a point, it's complicated), and a more codified systems of spoils and rewards. (For instance, a son could inherit his father's titles in the literal sense, but didn't inherit his office or appointments.)
5:12 they didn’t just loot Baghdad, they sent it back to the Stone Age. Estimated 800,000-1.5 million dead from a single siege. They sacked many cities with equal devastation.
So they just like nazi 😢
Only recently discovered this channel but am already in love with it - watched every video at least 10 times! The dry sense of humour is just brilliant but the information within them is excellent and very easy to take in despite being so fast-paced. Outstanding stuff. If requests are somehow on the table, I would LOVE to see your take on the American Civil War. Keep up the great work!
I was shocked to see there aren’t more people supporting you on Patreon!
The amount of work and research you must do for each episode is worth giving up a cup of coffee per month.
I sincerely hope more people start supporting you, excellent channel!
Baghdad still hasn’t recovered from what the Mongols did.
Arguably the entire Islamic world hasn't. There's an interesting book called "The Malady of Islam". Written by an Arab scholar, it's a slog in its English translation.
I wish Mongols came after 1300 because that's the time Muslim caliphate started. 🕋🖕
@@ryanborghini2975 why are you filled with hate towards us?
@@xer7 Its an idiot who likes Religious warfare
@@xer7 muslim caliphates were religious extremists like Spainish
Ofc they will hate you more than spanish since caliphates invasion succeeded in europe
1:06 I didn't know She-Hulk was a Mongol
They said he couldn't. Temujin stepped up his game upand said "Yes, I Khan"
I love learning about the Mongols, in school I did so many reports on Gangaa’s and his empire. Good stuff. Thank you.
Before subduing Korea.... sort of - it kept resisting forever. Nicely put. Koreans with their mountain fortresses and buddhist temples in the mountains that were an easy supply station for any rebel made it extremely pesky to keep a firm hold on it. It was never administrated by the Mongols but at some point they finally gave in to yearly tributes.
Fun fact: Mongols actually did not raze any Korean cities because they respected their prowess in warfare so much. They had an armistice and became allies. The Mongols also needed the approval of the Korean emperor because of Korea’s status as the center of the “Eastern World” akin to the China’s status as center of the “Middle”. Goryeo kings married the firstborn daughters of the great Khans and Mongol kings married daughters of the Goryeo rulers. There was actually a Japanese phrase used to scare children that showed the mutual alliance the Koreans and Mongols had during the invasions of Japan. “Mokuri, Kokuri” meaning The Mongols and Koreans are coming. Another amazing thing is that Mongols respected Korea so much because they kept the Mongol invasions at bay for almost 50 years before agreeing to an armistice and a compulsatory alliance.
5,000 soldiers were enough for the Mongols to conquer Korea.
"A Khan of my word" Priceless! I want Mongol t-shirt!
Kalis and the Klingon Empire.
Idk what I love more, the content you create or your voice.
Genghis also was very tolerant of differing religious beliefs. One of his most ingenious methods of building his empire was that he enforced diversity within his ranks: people who must rely on each other for subsistence learn to discard their prejudices.
Thanks for a great episode, TMH! It's quite impressive how the Mongols ruled such a composite population.
There's one major victory that the Mongols had: Conquering Kiev in Winter!
Kalis and the Klingon Empire.
Kiev got conquered dozens, if not hundreds of times. Both in summer and in winter. It is situated in a rather undefensible locations close to the steppes.
@Imperial Terra What?
@Imperial Terra By stating a fact?
@Imperial Terra Cope and seeth what?
FINALLY ! Been waiting ages for this one !
I really like your comedic format. It's a bit cheeky but the thud gets me every damn time.
I love this channel - thank you so much for your work!!!
2:10 So here in Germany we know him as "Dschingis (Khan)", wich is the german notation of Chinghis with the same pronunciation. Genghis is also known but most people refere to him as Dschingis.
Moskau!
The most use Dschingis
As a Mongolian person you are absolutely right and thank you I had a little struggle haha ☺️
The story of how he rescued his kidnapped wife after abandoning her in favor of a coat definitely needed more attention in this vid.
Ghengis: *shows up in the Middle East*
The Islamic golden age: why do I hear boss music?
"This was not a clever thing to do" is the perfect example of an understatement
Mongols: "If you can't invade China, become China"
They did invade you commist
a comment made by a CCP sympathizer living in either Hongkong or Malaysia
Kubilai: How about both?
@@youcantalwaysgetwhatyouwan6687 They Sinicised themselves, soooo???
@@ryanborghini2975 But assimilated themselves and turn to lead to what became the Yuan Dynasty.
*Hold my fermented milk goat*
Fermented horse milk you mean
hold my miky goat galaxy
Do you meant: *AYRAQ*
How can a goat be fermented?....
I don't know what this means but I like it..
So where will you conquer?
Mongols: Yes
0:35
"Can we have a temple"
"You can have a hill"
I laughed at Genghis running through the flowers underneath the FRIENDSHIP sign.
Oh Mongols... Oh you Mongols...
Fascinating and entertaining.
Thanks you for this.
Your best video so far!! Thanks!
Silk road: *exists*
Bubonic Plaque: *travels*
People: “It’s Pretty Great!”
*Laughs in 2020*
*Mongol Empire and Genghis Khan intensifies*
Fantastic videos - many thanks! If you do requests, then something about Tamerlane/Timur would be great.
Yes I've been looking forward to this one
Awesome stuff, as usual. Especially the 'Barbarians go home' graffiti :)
what is best in life?...To crush your enemies, see them driven before you, and to hear the lamentations of their women!
never stop watching ur amazing vids u make good content👍👌🏻❤
Is a super video I love your videos and I learn so much with your videos
"There job was to keep peace and lead the soldiers into war."
Seems like an easy job with no contradictions at all.
War is Peace. Freedom is Slavery. Ignorance is Strength.
So... many... history...videos...today... great video Ten Minute History! XD
That's history matters 🤦
I really enjoy your entertaining and informative videos, thank you so much! :)
Liked the presentation. And the various 'fun facts' that are tossed in from time to time. I looked on YT for some information about the Huns on Ten Minute, with no luck. Is such a clip already on YT ? If not, it might be instructive that such a clip be made and put on YT.
2:53
I legit thought he just had tiny legs for a second
Kublai's Religious Policies can largely be summed up as "eh". Magnificent
Great content!
Great stuff!
"medicine at that time was crap"
*rub poo in it*
Frankly pants :)
Great video. I wish you have mentioned Alexander Nevsky's standoff and John Wayne playing Genghis Khan in a movie.
Fascinating- thank you
I love how lightly the talk about death like say like he came down with a case of the dead’s
I knew Kublai was going to win because he was in Civ haha. Also, from what I've read, so many people died to Genghis that over the following years, depopulated areas that had had a large lumber industry had their forests grow back which slightly lowered the global temperature. Just a tad. But pretty impressive that one dude did that.
History Matters: Genghis Khan is the greatest conqueror in history
Alexander the Great: Am I a joke to you?
wow....so funny....and original
Genghis Khan: *YES*
I can’t stop watching the little guys holding their signs lol
I'm all caught up now, having watched and "liked" every video.
4:21 ...before subduing Korea.... sort of.
It kept resisting..... FOREVER
Would love a video that is only how the Mongolian empire dissolved!
I’m part Lithuanian, and hence don’t find this little episode in history all that appetizing. Perhaps I’ll be back to watch though.🫣
I love this, very nice
Question: when one person holds a sign that says”soon” and squints their eyes, is that a reference to the move “The Patriot “ ?
Please do a wonderfully snarky video on the thrice failed invasion of Dai Viet. It's epic, and you're the man who can give it the mix of levity and David-vs-Goliath flavor that story deserves. (Please stay away from the Wikipedia articles for your research. Trust me on this. Also, the "Dai" in "Dai Viet" rhymes with "die.")
Fascinating story!
i've read the book! you've managed to summarize what took me weeks to comprehend to 10 min.
As Genghis would have said, "Yes, i Khan".
I'm actually mad I learned more about the Mongolian Empire here then I did in my middle school social studies class over the course of 4 years.
Thank you sir
#20 so happy this is finally here