Those Charming Tree Hollows Have a Dark Secret
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- čas přidán 26. 10. 2022
- Trees are different from branch to limb, but all of them have ways to stop fungal invaders dead in their tracks.
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I was thinking this would be about unexpected things found in hollow trees. Oh well, getting attacked by fungi is pretty scary too.
Same
Yeah, I did too..
The Girl With All the Gifts would agree...
@@TheAncientTale 0...??..?...?.6f??ĺĺ8gigmlh
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I didnt. I expected it to be how they came about.
Just like bacteria, there is good and bad Fungi. The attacking fungus that harms the tree which the tree fights against, and the helpful fungus that exists around the roots and in the soil that helps with nutrition and signal transfer between trees and across whole forests! This fungal-tree network is nicknamed The Wood Wide Web!
LOL. That was cute.
Plum trees are actually super susceptible to fungal disease, especially black knot. Plums are the pugs of the tree world
Yes and no. Most modern fruit tree cultivars are susceptible to diseases, because we only bred them for taste and not for resistance to diseases. So there are efforts to introduce new genes into our cultivars by cross-breeding them with wild specimens or old cultivars. This can significantly reduce the need for pesticides.
😆😆😆😆😆😆😆😆😆👍
True. Had my own losses in my backyard - two japanese plums, shiro and wickson, showing advanced stages of black knot infestation. They had just become old enough to start making fruit 3 or 4 seasons ago. Breaks my heart it's so sad and such a waste of my efforts. Should've gone for like an apple or something. :(
Domestic plums do. Tell that to a blackthorn, they are plums and they are pretty hard to kill
@@Buriaku thats why everything i played is from seed sometimes from a wild tree.
Some species of trees can have quite decorative spalting (Wood discoloured by fungi), and for certain people like woodworkers and woodturners, this wood can often be more expensive, the same goes for burls. Elm in particular has an attractive spalting.
Most spalting happens after the tree dies, though, when the saprobic fungi are able to run freely through the trees tissues. But, like the timing for aging a fine wine, there's a sweet spot in the process where you can maximize the color and intensity of the spalting without losing too much wood to rotting.
Yes, I was just remarking that I had no idea that scars could be so beautiful. I'm covered in them. From living rambunctiously, to medical surgeries and miracles. As a carpenter I just love an old knotted tree. They are so detailed, bright, and beautiful. There's nothing in this world quite like it. Makes me wanna love my own scars.
I just got my Kiesel Aries with flamed spalted maple top wood and it's the most gorgeous guitar I've ever owned.
@@abydosianchulac2 - it's possible to stabilise more severely degraded wood using epoxy resin, so wood which would once have been discarded can still be used.
@@tavdy79 Oh absolutely, but it does increase the cost quite a bit and has a learning curve all its own for pouring/curing the resin properly. Still, people make some beautiful pieces that way, to be sure.
Salicylic acid, from the bark of the willow tree, is the precursor of Aspirin (Acetyl-salicylic acid). and yes, it's been used long ago as a fever reducer and anti-inflammatory.
I was racking my brain trying to remember why that chemical sounded so familiar. My peace of mind and I thank you! XD
Salicylic acid and willow leaf exteact are also very effective biostimulants. I'm working to completely replace the use of the synthetic rooting hormone indole-3-butryic acid in propagation at the nursery I work for. The effects are much faster and much more environmentally friendly as I am able to grow ,extract , and utilize the salicylic acid all in house.
Salicylic acid, I'm fairly sure, is also commonly used in skin cleansers.
@@BigBoolinScienceMan I mean, you don't even need to do that. Dissolving aspirin in some water and spraying it on the leaves works just as well. I don't remember the exactly ratio because it's been a while since I've kept a garden, but you should be able to find it online
@Rae Rohan aspirin cost money to purchase but sustainably extracting from treeI already grown in our field stock does not. While aspirin can be used I'd just advise using hormodin or willow water still, I can also make more exact concentrations with raw product instead paying a bunch for bottles of aspirin and having to break pieces off and hope I'm getting the amount I want. The whole point is to produce rooting hormone independent of the supply chain and its environmental impact.
When huge swaths of coniferous forest were being decimated by pine beetles, a furniture company bought up what wood they were able. And turned it into tables, benches, bed frames… and then they noticed. This beetle-killed wood? Had a really pretty, really unique blue staining from the beetles. They promptly purchased even more of the wood, and those pieces sold well!
I believe they donated much of the profits to tree-planting groups
Were the beetles dead too? I'd hate for the beetles or their larvae to be moved from one place to another.
@@cindys9491 they’d already moved on. But having that much beetle-kill forest? That’s really bad
the fungi shown around the 1 minute mark are chicken of the woods, which do cause fatal heart rot in trees, true, but it's also delicious!
EDIT: Can cause gastrointestinal problems depending on age and how well cooked. And if it's growing on a poisonous tree like a yew then it's probably not worth the risk. But generally easy to identify! I recommend looking at Atomic Shrimp's video on it.
Love to see another fellow atomic shrimp enjoyer
Neither of your caveats are supported in literature. GI upset tracks to raw/old laetiporus not a subspecies and they don't absorb toxins from substrate.
Worth a mention somewhere, that yew berries are ABSOLUTELY DELICIOUS... It's the seeds that are truly toxic. Unfortunately they're such a shape and form that it's either difficult or impossible to effectively (and cost efficiently) remove the seeds without damage. The neurotoxic chemistry is powerful, too... Just bite one seed and even after you spit it out, symptoms can bother you and linger for hours.
I'd hazard to suggest that the G.I. upset is probably NOT from absorption via fungus. I don't go around eating the bark or wood of the yew, so I don't know the concentration thereabouts, BUT tingling lips, heart palpitations, sweating, body temperature spikes and drops, and visual anomalies were among the symptoms I was told about AND that I experienced once on accident... Gotta remember to scuff the berry around in your mouth and SUCK the juicy pulp off. DO NOT CHEW... hahaha.. (It's really not that hard... I was talking to a girl and "got distracted") ;o)
@@timmyopally Be that as it may I still wouldn't want to eat any wild mushrooms growing off a poisonous tree, just in case. Might not apply to laetiporus in particular but it's a rule of thumb to live (and not die horribly) by when it comes to foraging.
As for the subspecies, I'd seen mention of potential GI upset on a posting about the newly (00s) described subspecies. But you're right it didn't say that didn't also apply to other laetiporus.
@@GringatTheRepugnant is there a single mushroom-vectored-tree-toxin case in the literature or myco poisoning database you can refer me to? :)
If I was any type of fungi, the last tree I’d infect would be a sequoia.
“Trees don’t keep up their defences 24/7”
The Manchineel tree: (laughs in permanent paranoia)
Indeed, they are bad "apples" 🤣 (see what I did there?!)
This was amazing. I had no idea and I love that a trees scars are so beautifully displayed. I can honestly say I love an old knotted tree. And the wood when the tree dies is always so beautiful. Nothing in this world like it. It just goes to show how beautiful your own scars can be. Internally as well as externally.
"It's just not worth the energy to be in defense mode all of the time." Tell that to my immune system. It seems to have missed the memo.
Right!? How do we get a memo to our thalamus?
@@WhatIsSanity I don't know, but if you find one that works CC one to mine too! 😂
@@anyascelticcreations
Will do!
That web in the thumbnail had a very black-widow feel to it, but it turns out the dark secret isn't eight-legged, after all . I think this was much more interesting than going over what other critters might be hiding up in those nooks and crannies.
there's a type of wood in Idaho called knotted pine, it is highly sought after for furnisher in the area. but it was created after a beetle board into the tree, some 40 years ago. and since it is so highly sought after it is becoming increasingly rare to find, thus inflating its value.
I love gnarled gnobby trees. They look cool
This video was very interesting. Never knew that those bumps and weird looks on trees might be some sort of infection going on. Thanks again for another great video, SciShow!
He skipped over the insect activity which can cause bumps too.
Having an infection for years... I felt bad for the trees, but specially for the people who are in the same situation.
I love how you walk around the sides of interesting science facts. Thanks for the upload!
"charming"?? Those tree hollows look like the friggin bagul and IT share flat in there.
They make for handy homes for birds and cute little squirrels, but... okay
it is dark, not evil
WHAT?? ‼️
The jersey devil is their landlord
It's where the cute and vicious owl lives
Plants really are amazing. Sometimes they just grow through or around an object. Now we're even finding out they may have some form of chemical communication mechanism with other plants.
Recent developments found that many of the fungi associated with trees are already with in the tissues before any wound is inflicted, i work as a tree surveyor and often have to weigh up the risks of retaining old decayed trees.
“Even though the tree is relatively healthy the aesthetic effect is frowned upon by the Forestry Industry.”
We're all familiar with the _aesthetics_ of the Forestry Industry.
Good call out
They may dislike these gnarled trees but i have always thought gnarled trees were pretty. They have character.
@@glenngriffon8032
Gnarled has value as well.
The forestry industry (at least in America) is in tree farming. Plot forests of pine, etc. to grow as timber. It takes years to get a mature crop, so of course the forestry workers, the farmers, want to keep their trees as healthy as possible. It's less clear cut and extractive than you think it is.
@@hippocampus6514
The forestry industry is logging, with some limited farming.
We could grow a lot more food producing trees with the knock-on benefit of also increasing lumber, breaking up of hardpan, food resiliency, and deeper carbon sequestration.
Loving the chicken of the woods, mushrooms in the video by the way😊 but if you have those on your tree, get ready to say goodbye to your tree because it is going to kill your tree. It is absolutely delicious though.
This just made me love tree gnarls and hollows even more
Professional arborist here, this is a great video; but, it’s really quite interesting how you did a great job talking about how trees compartmentalize, without saying the name of its process. It’s called CODIT (Compartmentalization of decay in trees). It’s a fascinating process. I assess trees for my career, and each tree has a fascinating story to tell!
Also, note: sure, heartwood decayed trees can live on just fine if the cambium layers are intact; however, I wouldn’t exactly refer to it thriving. Heartwood is also referred to as holding wood for a reason, and can severely compromise a tree structurally. These trees are usually hard to identify as they look fine on the outside. I’ve seen them blown over after storms, and only then do you know how damaged they were on the inside. Specific species of fungal fruiting bodies are the indicators to look for (or a hunch and a sounding hammer).
wow even trees can have a hole in their heart :(
You had me at dark secrets. Let's keep it up with the catchy titles.
As long as he doesn’t go to clickbait. I also like 👍 the title.
Really gives a new meaning to "Internal conflict" 5:12
Fascinating, thank you for a great video!
Thank you!
This is a topic I knew next to nothing about before watching. Nice!
Suddenly the Keebler Elves products are less enticing.
They send out floods of sap, when a beetle infestation happens too. I live in the US mountain west, where bark beetles attack pinion and pine trees. We lost one and when we chopped it down, we could see where the trunk was flooded with sap to the bark areas where the larvae were drowned.(I also smushed some of them when I went to split the logs) It didn't save the tree, but when a drought is in effect, the sap is not as fluid, so it can't move as fast. With enough water and nutrients, most plants can withstand disease and pest assaults.
Always interesting, thank you.
New video idea! Coolest genetic changes we’ve made with CRISPR!
elephant comparison was wild
Can you do a video about phytotelmata and the interesting conditions and life they hold?
When I was little I would flood the little tree hollows with a hose pipe and frogs would come out 😂
Thanks for the video y'all! :)
this isn't a 'dark' secret, it's absolutely essential and beneficial to woodland ecosystems, without fungi, we wouldn't exist
Hear that Chihuahua, it’s not worth being in Defense Mode 24/7
Trees also have defense mechanisms against insects. What do those look like? Citrus trees shoot out little sap crystals.
Just because he’s a fungi doesn’t mean he’s a fun guy
Anyone who thinks tree hollows are charming hasn't seen Flash Gordon. May Arbor guide you to this world or the next.
Trees are like people: they're dead on the inside.
This title had me expecting something much different than this haha
Woah, that's like cutting off your own arm. That's cool.
Find great hollows in Burch groves
Does previously infected trees without good heartwood being passed over during selective logging mean there's a chance both natural and artificial selective pressures combined would make trees in those logging areas to eventually evolve to have less and less wood to harvest, despite still growing upwards just like a normal tree?
Would hollowed out trees become more and more common in the future as a result of both of these pressures (fungal infection + selective logging)?
No. Get ready for a long answer. A few bad assumptions are leading you wrong. First you are assuming that when a tree is cut down it is dead, not true. Most trees (Oaks, pines, cypress,,, that are logged can and do frequently sprout back from the base. They usually come back more bushy. But their genes are still in the pool. Another is that trees cannot grow tall without growing wide at the base or without having heartwood. And lastly the disfigurement of the trees has limited genetic basis. This being said you may see more of these trees in logging areas because other trees get damaged by forestry activities.
Now barks the question : is it doing all that conciously?
*wonders what scars I'm leaving on my poor houseplants* ... ... 😬
Fellowphant
Fungi: I will destroy you
Poison Ivy: Not this season!
"It's just not worth the energy to be im defense mode 24/7."
I wish you could tell that to me wife!
About half way through all I can think about is maple syrup.
Originally didnt click this video bc i was afraid it was gonna be about a giant spider 😅
If the plum isn’t native to an area, there is high probability it will not thrive if conditions of the environment aren’t seriously considered
One of the BEST channels on CZcams 😍
Mmm yes, the charming Tree Knots, Omori Wants to know your location
Trees are as alive as us but they don't walk and talk
Ooo, salicylic acid, also helpful for us humans as well. Wonder if it was first extracted from trees.
I’m so curious to know if the tree alone is creating the chemicals to fight off or if since we know that messages/signals/basic care packages from tree to tree are being sent…could it be that nearby trees are helping to provide aid to these trees that are in need of extra help ? I’m not sure if it’s just nutrients they send…but my golly would that be amazing if that’s the case
those chicken of the woods made me hungry
Is there a difference between coniferous and evergreen?
Love the ep, thanks for sharing :)
Just by first hand experience,
Coniferous trees have needles instead of leaves, while evergreens can have a leaf canopy year round, like poinsettia, olive trees, and most citrus trees.
@@fuferito yep and you can even have deciduous conifer trees like larches and swamp cypress
@@stirlingsmith2744,
Very interesting.
I wasn't aware of deciduous conifers.
Much appreciated.
I always hear about stuff like this and wonder about a what if, like what if we could harness the antifungal compounds from one tree and douse another tree in it 24/7. Just like how I wonder if a house really is haunted, why just send the one priest? Wouldn't ALL of Vatican city plus the Pope and super soaker backpacks filled with holy water be way more effective?
'wood' it be interesting if we used heart wood and kept the tree alive? Lol
1:16 Is that Chicken of the Woods AKA Chicken mushroom? Those are delicious.
That name, tyloses, makes me wonder if it's related to tylosin, a medicine for pets like parrots. Now I'll have to look it up. Off to go learn something new! 👋🏼
C.O.D.I.T. Dr. Alex Shigo.
He was one of my dad's patients, I had no idea just how big an influence his work was in the field.
I have a hollow tree next to my house-
Indeed
A bark secret
So whenever I see some pretty fungal growths on a tree, it's actually infecting the tree? 😢
Well yes, but they're also feeding the soil at the base of the tree, and packing dirt to prevent landslides, and eventually the tree they fell will make way for new trees with new fruits! It's important to keep perspective. (plus, well, it's pretty :)
Too bad trees don't have a defense against loggers...
Hi Stefan!
It will be amazing on e we have explored every inch of the earth and understand all there is to know about the earth and life upon it. Once we have achieved this humanity will have the skill set to explore and understand life on other planets. Even if we never find highly intelligent life; the discovery of the diverse wildlife that may exist on other planets will be as amazing as it is here on earth. Imagine a planet where caller based blood is the norm rather than the exception.
Leprechauns 🍀
can I store my chewing gum in there though?
i'm not sticking anything in there
Could someone take those Phenolic compounds to use in fighting fungus on their own body????
Like putting tree sap on your toes to fight toenail fungus ?
And i thought it would be a video about spiders.
So.... hollows and burls are arboreal cysts?
Was it Stephen that called trees planetary hair?
I've always said the "trees got it right".
This episode is about plants. Every scishow intro have a picture of colocasia esculenta in a pots. Colocasia plants only grow in tropical climate. Look odd that scishow originated in cold climate, but have a hot climate plants at intro. Just a funny though.
dear congress, 4:51
Ad comment: Does anyone else see adds that give away too much as the hook and believe the overall cost must be huge? I mean, if they are willing to give away $100 for 2 months, the total service must cost about 300 per month. It makes me not even want to go check it out when the "hook deal" seems too good to be true.
Does it help much to remove any fruiting bodies you see from the tree?
In general, if a fungus has produced a fruiting body, it's likely already got its hyphae deep into whatever it's feasting upon. Would help with reducing the spread to other plants, though!
Why is heart-wood called heart-wood if it's dead? Surely this is a massive misnomer?
Trypophobia warning at 1:50!
Always please with your delivery and production of your content. Always eager to learn more and enthusiastic about watching your show. Now with that said not sure how this next part ties into this episode specifically. But I was thinking about childbirth and animal birth and how animals in the wild the process that they go through during childbirth. I was thinking that based upon how if the fungi are eating the trees and slowly dissolving and breaking them down and they fall over and die and Decay and turn to dust and sand and petrified over years and blah blah like I was thinking about well when animals have babies and they fall out onto the ground or the top soil and debris I don't know the process of all animals but maybe some make a nest maybe some attempt to clear the area I don't know maybe they're not thinking about that. But in our human practices of childbirth and the immediately removal of the baby from the parent which is the most important time the most precious moment for the mother and the child to make first Contact and so many things have are going on in that process to where it's hard to understand what could be the purpose. Because I mean if it's about sanitation and you know you know for health medical reasons or I mean not one species in the entire history of the planet has ever been concerned about that when they fall into dirt fresh out the womb leaves and who knows what else on the surface old hair possibly feces remnants of food and previous meals Etc but yeah that's what I was thinking about because the whole entire thing is all tied together I guess at some point. All thanks to fungi not the fun guy fungi LOL voice type sentence mutilation it gets me. Mad mad I say ugh!!!!!!!!!! LOL
Mmm chicken of the woods
Why would a Fun Guy try to kill a tree?
It sounds like humans might place selective pressure on the plants to be somewhat susceptible to fungal infection, as the response makes them less attractive to foresters & they might be left standing to reproduce more.
That is not how this works. The disfigurement has little to do with genetics so there is not much to be passed on. Also one big thing to consider. Is that alot of trees do not immediately die when cut down. Many of the ones logged can and do frequently sprout back from the base, Oaks, Pines, Cypress, redwoods... meaning they continue to spread their genes.
@@aaronburkeen6409 perhaps the disfigurement doesn't have much to do with genetics, but there are other avenues of disease resistance which are, & even if the cut tree can regrow from a sprout, that does represent a significant interruption in the tree's reproductive cycle so it'll be producing fewer offspring than the ones which do get infected & scar.
@@AccidentalNinja That is true. But the shrub form that the tree will take after is more efficient for fruit production so it could be that they will produce more than trees that have not been cut. Also a diseased tree most likely does not produce as much fruit healthy ones. So I could a few factors that would eventually balance things back out.
What's a linode
I hate what Internet has done to people
... Trussy
Ha chicken of the woods
As an amateur mycologist I hate to see my mushies called an infection but man is this interesting.
Because even growing from grainspawn I always just considered it as giving ample food to grow in. Never once did I think that when I see fungi on a tree it's the same as when bacteria begins establishing itself in a spawn jar. The mycelium will cordon off the area and start legitimately fighting and killing the bacteria.
Just so interesting how much nature is constantly at war with itself. Bacteria fighting fungus, fungus fighting plants, animals eating said plants, humans eating both. An endless struggle for survival.
These tree infection dudes dont sound like fun-guys
It continues to bug me that Linode is a frequent sponsor to this channel. I’ve been prepping to apply for a job at this company for like 2 years, building job experience. I have multiple friends who worked for the company. I have multiple Linode t-shirts. This is the last straw. I’m going to apply finally. Thanks a lot SciShow.
So when you're a tree
They're not such fun guys.
What the paradigm of the shift in psycho social, notional and peripheral literacy did was take language here in a much more literal sense as far as musical culture goes.
In fact it was rather communicating via articulation in sound and imagery.
This in any other time would have probably been synonym with a propaganda machine, were it not for the element of how describingly projective from periphery and interpretion it was in an intersectional sustaining by consciousnesses between generations.
I'd like to just note just how much of a very dimensioned time this was, engagement from that which might introspect. Psychological spectrum discovered forum as well as several other engagements as that which was outside and between and around was suddenly strange.
This was the age of the Ted talk, and the robustness of a times resolve towards life was being tested during the refugee crisis,
attenborough was popular but the stranger more local things about us were rather cerebral, inquiring, descending, and turbulent....
I'd prefer to be simultaneously eye level and informal about this, but for now I'm talking about music.
An insinuation of the sort about the linguistic developed from elsewhere. "
This is the first page, of a subject I'd like to be worth while about
I risk being under contextual now, so I'll just keep writing for now.
But basically, the phenomena of your cognizant exchange as it was very dimensioned, distinguished realities and maturities.
The interaction has represented the attrition of corporate powers in 2 north American nations. And I am the semi causal asset to it.
Gloves dropped and a panic ensued when that reality broke down. and the abuse continued.
stranger things and your personal experiences, they were yours. Experiential and spectrumed.
, purple people eaters and archetypes aside. You did witness an exchange of sort... from my words to your foreknowledge, one can confirm this for you.
But these are not excuses or accountabilities at every level.