Rapid Phased Array prototyping with Analog Devices and X-Microwave
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- čas přidán 24. 06. 2024
- How to get started with phased array beamforming rapid prototyping using the ADAR1000 and the X-Microwave phased array cube. RF blocks can be bolted together to quickly provide a complete solution from 8-16GHz. This video walks through the entire construction, including software library setup, and with a simple Python script to generate a 2D scan.
Here's the links used in the video:
• Phased Array Beamformi...
www.analog.com/adar1000
www.analog.com/adalm-pluto
www.xmicrowave.com/product/xm...
www.digikey.com/en/products/d...
wiki.analog.com/resources/too...
analogdevicesinc.github.io/py...
wiki.analog.com/resources/too...
github.com/analogdevicesinc/l...
github.com/analogdevicesinc/p...
Parts list used in the demonstration:
4 of www.xmicrowave.com/product/xm...
1 of www.xmicrowave.com/product/xm...
1 of www.xmicrowave.com/product/xm...
1 of www.xmicrowave.com/product/XM...
Antenna (available from X-Microwave): it is the same as used here: www.analog.com/en/design-cent...
1 of www.analog.com/adalm-pluto
1 of Raspberry Pi 4
1 of Breakout board: www.electronics-salon.com/pro...
Chapters:
0:00 Introduction to the phased array prototyping
1:30 Issues with Current Attempts to Prototype Beamformers
3:17 Overview of the X-Microwave Phased Array Module
6:00 Phased Array Test Setup
8:29 Software Installation
13:10 Live 2D Scan with Python Example - Jak na to + styl
Jon, thank you for this excellent video. I had no idea about X-mIcrowave! I have been looking for a prototyping system like this. . Appreciate your work!
This is fascinating. Gives me insight on how Starlink's Dishy McFlatface's calibration sequence works.
This is the best free software Ive seen. Respect.
just what the doctor ordered! I was just discussing such an effort !
Thanks works fine. Greetings from Italy
Excellent presentation. Very much thanks. You presented a long course in 20 minutes.
Woah, great video mate!
This is awesome, thank you!
Really well done video, thanks 😊😊
thanks for sharing your knowledge
Awesome! Thanks for sharing
it worked! thank you so much!!
It works! Thanks a lot.
Brilliant!
hanks lot Sir.. You helping us..
Quite-amazing
thank you so much dude you're a god
Guys it really works, I checked
Wow I was really Interested in this and went to look at parts. The first part I pulled up was the phase amplitude controller. Which you need 4 of, cost $3,200 per. That’s $13k for just 4 of the parts. Unfortunately I will not be taking part 😢
Right, the X-MW system is targeted at professionals building phased array radar prototypes. So compared to that cost, and considering the time savings in getting working hardware for algorithm development, its actually a great deal of money saved. But for the more education focused, we are releasing a "phased array exploration system" called the ADALM-PHASER. It's a receive only 8 element linear array, with two channels of transmit. And ramping LO for FMCW chirps and pulse compression. We'll be launching it at IMS this year. So more information will be available around June 20th. ims-ieee.org/technical-program/workshops?date=2022-06-20
Another great way to get started is with the Pluto "Rev C." It exposes the 2nd Tx and Rx channel. And they are phase synchronous. So with that, you can have a 2 element beamformer and reproduce some of the basic phased array concepts -- like direction of arrival. You can also link multiple Pluto's together to add additional channels. Check out my video on it here: czcams.com/video/ph0Kv4SgSuI/video.html
If you do it, post it to youtube! I'd love to see what you get!
@@jonkraft Is it video now available ?
We have just to wait 4-5 years and the prices will drop. The only question for myself is how to learn the concepts with affordable hardware (I'm just starting SDR with RTL-SDR).
@@norm1124 Yes, I definitely understand that. I think my next video will be on using the 2 channel Pluto for beamforming. It'll only be an array of 2, but it would allow you to explore beamforming concepts on both transmit and receive. Pluto is around $250
now i am in a good mood
Now you will need tune this thing to a space-x satellite!
thx and subscribed
Its very facinating! I just wish the hardware was cheaper, being a student limits the fun projects you can finance xD. For now I will have to enjoy the content :)
you are smart, here, take my subscrption
Ha, thanks! But in all honesty it is other very smart people who made it easy for me to do this. So all the software, APIs, the X-MW mechanics/layout, etc. But I will pass along to them your kind words!
Woow woow
works gj
Wow it's a nice.
Does ADI have any solution for sub-6GHz beam forming application?
Generally,
Hello Jon Kraft, thanks for uploading informative video. We are also building 16 elements X-band prototype phased array. The main challenge we are facing is bunch of power supplies requirements for four ADAR1000-EVALZ boards and 16 EVAL-ADTR1107 boards. Need your suggestions/recommendations for it. Thanks
Yes, there's actually a reference design for how to use 8 ADAR1000's and 32 ADTR1107s here:
www.analog.com/en/design-center/evaluation-hardware-and-software/evaluation-boards-kits/x-band-development-platform.html#eb-overview
Schematics are here:
wiki.analog.com/resources/eval/user-guides/stingray/userguide?s[]=stingray#documents
Hello Jon, exciting video, what would you advise if I want to connect 8 ADAR1000 (32 channel beamforming), does the SPI interface work? Can this be controlled with Arduino? I really appreciate any help you can provide.
Thanks Adan! Yes, for more ADAR1000s, you'd just put them on different chip selects on the SPI bus. In fact, there's a complete reference design on how to do this with 8 ADAR1000s here: www.analog.com/en/design-center/evaluation-hardware-and-software/evaluation-boards-kits/x-band-development-platform.html
What is the part number for the antenna? It looks like it has Analog Devices markings on it but I can't find it on the Analog web site. More generally, is there a parts list for this project?
Yes, that's a good comment. I'll put the BOM in the video description. But the antenna board is available from X-Microwave. It is the same antenna used here: www.analog.com/en/design-center/evaluation-hardware-and-software/evaluation-boards-kits/x-band-development-platform.html#eb-overview
Thank you for this video. I would like to look at the PCB layout in detail to study the RF trace routing. Are gerber files available?
Yes, all info is here: wiki.analog.com/phaser
Hi Jon,
Thanks for this informative video. For some reason, I cannot find the link for the Antenna array. Could you please provide the link as I cannot find it on X-microwave's website?
Right now, those files are not publicly available. But you can purchase the board from X-Microwave. I'll ask if we can make the files available. But if you just want a 10 GHz patch antenna to play around with, you can easily make this one: www.pcbway.com/project/shareproject/10_5GHz__X_Band__Patch_Antenna.html
@@jonkraft Thanks Jon for sharing your experience with us. I wish more people are like this :)
Could a similar setup/hardware be used for 5.8ghz analog video (receiver)?
No, the ADAR1000 only operates down to 8 GHz. For
I have an interesting project idea which involves a phased array and I'm wondering if it's possible to mix the frequencies of a phase array to go everywhere from like having antennas that are interspersed so like let's say like a rather large array 1,010 array from 100sMHz 400sMhz to S, X, Ku .... Could you operate bi-directional antenna so it's kind of a face to right but it's not just trying to position but also to transmit and receive information via beamforming. Sulfur an example that say you have five devices overhead in the 100 megahertz range and another four in the 400 megahertz range some X some S etc and with a single large array panel be able to track transmit and receive from multiple different targets at the same time rather than having a bunch of discreet individual antennas or discreet yagis and dishes? I don't know if you can determine what my object is are the goal of the project but you might be able to discern it given where you work but scheduling to obtain as many contacts that you can over a given day with unlimited number of discreet dishes and Yagi antennas. There's just going to be a limit because you're going to have Manny passing over at the same time and just not enough antenna numbers to capture as many as you possibly can which would be the goal of such an array??? is that at all possible from an engineering or radio frequency engineering point of view?
Hi Very cool video
I Really like your videos, Very informative and nicely done.
I an Looking to build a phased array for the range 1GHz to 6GHz but cant find a similar componet as the adar1000
Do you Know of any like that?
Thanks Erik! Generally
@@jonkraft Again thx for the help, I also enjoyed the other videos you have made. I am currently trying to see if I can get myself a pluto sdr, as that seems like a nice way of getting started.
Hi! I was wondering if I can use this device as a radar system (transmitting a signal and then receiving it). Is it possible? Thanks in advance!
Yes, in fact that's the purpose of that ADAR1000 part. So you can definitely do that with the X-MW ADAR1000 board.
@@jonkraft Thanks for your response. So if I wanna do this I have to transmit a signal and then immediately change the device in receive mode? I want to make a phased array radar with 8 channels in X band.
@@MimisTube Yes, you can do that with the ADAR1000. That would be for pulsed radar, and it uses the same antenna array for Transmit as well as for receive. Or, you can setup a CW radar, using one array for transmit and a different array for receive. Generally, you'd do something like an FMCW chirp on that.
@@jonkraft Thanks again! I am interested in doing this setup for pulsed radar, but how I will be able to produce the transmit signal?
@@MimisTube Yes, for transmit you would need to use a switch between the Pluto and the mixer. Then switch between Rx and Tx.
Can this, or an array like this, be programmed for transmissions at arbitrary frequencies different than the carrier wave generator?
I'm thinking of some of those directed speakers that use many ultrasonic transducers in a phased array to create an audible signal in a narrow path by graduating the frequency and phase of each of the elements so that the lower (or higher) frequencies are created by the interference between each elements transmission only at the location or direction of the intended recipient of the signal.
If it could be done with audio and optical I don't see why I can't be done with RF.
It would be absolutely awesome to be able to have a 10 gigahertz transmitter array that together could be modulated and phased in such a way that the signal to be received could possibly be demodulated and understood by a legacy 915 MHz receiver.
Or any other receiver you choose to program your transmitter to talk to.
I know things, like say bit rate, would be limited by the lower of the two frequencies, but what equipment would be necessary to create a transmission where the receiver would receive the appropriate interference pattern at a higher frequency?
Hi Pete, yes you are absolutely right about the similarities between acoustic, optical, and RF phased array systems. All of the main concepts carry from each other, though I think each have some different terms and equations that they emphasize. Regarding RF, I'm not sure I understood your question, but certainly we can move up and down in frequency with RF mixers. For a more complete overview of RF phased array beamforming basics, you can check out a presentation I gave a couple years ago on the topic: czcams.com/video/0hnWfTvETcU/video.html
@@jonkraft @Jon Kraft
The mixer circuit would be the intended receiver.
In the case of the directed speaker, it uses ultrasonic transducers between 20 and 40 kilohertz outside the human hearing range and because of the nature of air relatively short range before turning into thermal energy..
.. however
In a phased array of these transducers, both the phase and frequency is modulated between transducers such that the difference is in the audible range only in a specific narrow direction or even just a point if the transducers are far enough apart and control accurate enough. Your ear is the mixer in that case.
So in the analogous microwave system,
You could say have 16, 10 GHz elements capable of very wide bandwidth modulation(GHz) & separated a significant distance, and you want to send a signal to an aprox 400 MHz and a 2.4 GHz receiver in two different locations at the same time without the risk of interception. Frequency and phase modulation in each element would have to be software controlled well enough that the desired heterodine frequency would be clear and in the desired location.
... The mixer circuit is basically the chosen receiver...
I hope to be able to build a prototype that at least an ordinary AM radio would be able to receive a usable signal. I have no intention of introducing the complication of trying to emulate the air access protocols of multiple receivers on the fly. (Unless someone gives me many millions of dollars)
What I'm asking is *What kind of components, that exist off the shelf, would I need to accomplish this?* At least in a general sense,
Enough information so that I can at least make a logical comprehendible block diagram of how this would work.
I already feel the need to apologize for having you take the time to read all this, I'm certainly not going to start asking for part numbers.
Thank you very much for your response, and your videos.
@@petevenuti7355 I think this seems well beyond my expertise. But I wish you the best, and I hope you document your journey on youtube--I'd love to follow it.
Can this operate without the heat sink? If yes, where to buy this
I'm only doing receive array stuff--and for that I don't need the heatsink. In fact, I don't turn the fan on either. But transmitting from the array does draw more power, so you may need the heatsink, and/or a fan, for that. You can buy this all at: quanticxmw.com/
Hello,
I am using ADAR1000 evaluation board. I have completed the tests by uploading code to GUI and manual registers. In order to take my work further, I want to control it with python using ADAR1000 EVALZ- Raspberry Pi together. During the tests, I used SDP-S module for SPI communication. I check the devices that I can communicate with iio_info -s command on Raspberry Pi. During these checks, I get "No iio context found" error. Also, when I want to run the same code on Thonny IDE, I see _ctrl: iio_Device=[] error.
What are the points I need to check to control the ADAR1000 evaluation board with raspberry pi?
Thank you.
Hi Sevide, can you connect with me on LinkedIn. I can help you better then. But I think the key here is to first download the Kuiper Linux for the raspberry pi. Then connect from the Rpi to the eval board via the SPI wires -- not the SDP-S board.
Dear Jon Kraft ...... We need 04 units of Analog Devices ® ADAR1000-EVALZ (X/KU band 8 to 16 GHz quad-channel beam former evaluation board. However it is not available any where in USA. Please help us getting four boards
Sorry, I can't help you with any of that. You can try contacting your Analog Devices sales person: www.analog.com/en/support/customer-service-resources/sales/find-sale-office-distributor.html
Is ADAR1000EVALZ discontinued? It's unavailable on analog devices website for sale. Any idea when will it be available for sale ?
No. But it is very popular, and I think that makes it hard for Analog Devices to build enough of the eval boards. Please contact your local ADI sales person and they can help you order one: www.analog.com/en/about-adi/corporate-information/sales-distribution.html
@@jonkraft Yes I understand. I searched almost all distributors but unfortunately not available. I liked your all videos and based on that, I decided to start a project for 16 elements beamforming array. I have ordered all other accessories (like ADTR1107EVALZ etc), but unfortunately ADAR1000EVALZ is not available and my project is stuck now.
@@IrfanKhan-oh7kb Wow, that'll be a lot of eval boards and cables! I think it will be much higher performance, and probably lower cost, to use the X-Microwave ADAR1000 boards for this. It integrates the ADTR1107s with an ADAR1000. But still gives you flexibility over choosing your operating frequency, lattice spacing, and antenna design. Alternatively, I believe the Stingray eval boards are in stock: wiki.analog.com/resources/eval/user-guides/stingray. They use 8 ADAR1000s, and include the ADTR1107s also.
Sir how can we do it for whole x band? What are the problems that we will face if i want to operate the system for xband instead of single frequency?.
If I understand your question, you want to operate from 8-12 GHz. This is no problem, but I think the ADI antenna has a bandwidth of only 9.5-11 GHz. So you will see significant gain rolloff outside of there. So you should make your own antenna. Also, to avoid grating lobes, you would want to decrease the antenna spacing for >10GHz operation. Just contact X-microwave and they will send you a different interposer to make the spacing between antenna elements smaller. It connects the ADAR1000 to the antenna. It should be inexpensive.
@@jonkraft thanks for your reply..sir do you know any beamforming IC which is working from 2-10 GHz or 2-12 GHz.. ADAR1000 is from 8-18 GHz ..
@@sabirjamal2313 You could use the ADAR4002, with a summer/splitter:
www.analog.com/en/products/adar4002.html
@@jonkraft sir how much time ADAR4002 will take to be available for use? i need it desperately
@@sabirjamal2313 It might be possible. We would need an NDA with your company, etc. Reach out to me at Jon.Kraft@analog.com, and I'll see if I can help you.
Very interesting, but the only problem that ADAR1000 costs about $4300. I'm not sure this is suitable for DIY :))
I have good experiences with LabView and PCB design. My hobbies is electronics. If need some support.i located at Florida. How can I contact with you?
I just want an internship :)
И что это такое?
If it weren't for you, I don't know what to do, I don't want to spend money on it
Are you better than this other famous guy who worked for LT ?
If you have to ask, you can't afford it. Back to copper plumbing pipe horns...
Is there anything out there like ADAR1000 that you can actually buy? It has never been available up for sale as far as I understand.
The ADAR1000 chips are for sale, but I think you have to purchase through your Analog Devices sales person. Or you can buy this ADAR1000 module from X-Microwave. However, we also just released the "Phaser" -- it is an 8 element 10 GHz phased array experimentation/development board using 2 ADAR1000s. You can see it here: czcams.com/video/B66JHcZMq_Q/video.html, www.analog.com/cn0566
@@jonkraft Honestly, it's too much bureaucracy and that's the turnoff. Anything that's in an active distribution should be available for sale and ready to ship like most products on i.e. Digikey or mouser, instead of having to contact a dozen people who may or may not even reply back to you.
I've killed my cat with this apparatus... why! Why! Whyyyyyyy!
it worked! thank you so much!!