Who is The Suffering Servant?
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- čas přidán 25. 08. 2022
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Within the Bible, the suffering servant in Isaiah 53 is one of its most prominent mysteries. The identity of this servant has received a great amount of attention over the last 2400 years. Since the author of second Isaiah put it into writing, the identity of the servant has been hotly debated. Was the servant a messiah or not? Was the servant to be interpreted as an individual or as a community? Was the servant only meant to represent a small group of people? Why was the servant anonymous? All these questions and more have plagued the minds of scholars for generations. While people already had their own interpretations of the servant, much of the scholarly discussions surrounding the topic have revolved around answering the question: who is the suffering servant? This seems like an insurmountable task at this point in time. However, I believe that by discussing the motifs and the evolution of thought regarding the subject, we can get closer to the answer. In today’s video, I will attempt to answer the question: Who is the suffering servant?
Sources:
Bernd Janowski, Peter Stuhlmacher - The Suffering Servant
Amy-Jill Levine, Marc Zvi Brettler - The Bible with and without Jesus
James D. G. Dunn - Christianity in the Making (Volume 1)
Klaus Baltzer - Deutero-Isaiah (Hermeneia)
L. Michael White - Scripting Jesus
Robert Alter - The Hebrew Bible
Jonathan Goldstein - 2 Maccabees (Anchor Bible)
Robert Doran - 2 Maccabees (Hermeneia)
David Winston - The Wisdom of Solomon (Anchor Bible)
Hans Walter Wolff - Hosea (Hermeneia)
New Interpreter’s Bible Old Testament Survey
Steve Moyise, Maarten J. Menken - Isaiah in the New Testament
Claus Westermann - Isaiah 40-66 (OTL)
George Nickelsburg, James VanderKam - 1 Enoch 2 (Hermeneia)
JoAnna Hoyt - Amos, Jonah, & Micah
W. M. W. Roth - The Anonymity of the Suffering Servant
J. Philip Hyatt - The Sources of the Suffering Servant Idea
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It's nice to have one of these kind of videos again.
Great video, and I agree, it just makes the most sense, imo
It's my understanding that Israel is the suffering servent.
YOUR CORRECT🤴🤴🤴
@@zselaazsefa-zseraeskaa6447 Jesus is called Israel in Isaiah 49:1-7, Hosea 11:1, etc.
The suffering servant is Jesus of course.
Israel is the suffering servant Jesus
@@V_GeorgeNope.
@@rc7625 Nope
Isaiah 53
The prophet (Isaiah) having, as related in the preceding chapter 52, passed from the winter solstice around the circle, bringing up at the point whence he set out, complains of unbelief. The Lord's arm, though bared six months before, is not now bared. Though fully grown, like some insects, at his birth, the Savior (the Sun) will grow up like a tender plant, and as "a root out of dry ground," i.e., he will acquire his power of imparting heat to the earth, slowly. Not possessed of a comely form, as in summer, he is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows (winter), he is acquainted with grief (winter weather); hiding, as it were, his faces from us (one daily, through the winter), we esteemed him not (v. 3). True, though he seemed to suffer with ourselves, yet for all that, we thought him stricken of the Gods, as he certainly was (v. 4). But the Gods wounded him for our transgressions, and bruised him for our iniquities, i.e., the summer constellations passed, like sheep, one after the other, over the equinoctial line, until they brought him down, away down, to his southern tropic, where the Lord laid the iniquities of us all, as the priests laid " all the sins of the people " upon the scape-goat's head (Lev. 16.21), upon him! The load was very great, as it was made up of the Sun's south declination. This was, of course, very kind of the Lord; for, though he was oppressed - borne down and grievously afflicted, yet, as a lamb brought to the slaughter, he was dumb - silent, as in winter; he opened not his mouth (didn't give off his heat as in summer). His merciless persecutors had removed him from judgment (the equinox), by distress (winter), and so had cut him off from the land of the living (summer). Who, then, shall declare his generation, his birth, for it happens about this time (winter solstice) every year!
Stricken by his people (the stars), he made his grave with the wicked (the two thieves, summer and winter, or Aaron and Moses, between whom he was crucified), and with the rich (Pluto, Josephs merchants, who buy and hoard up the provisions) in his death (the end of the year). Though he had done no violence, nor practiced any deceit, "it pleased the Lord to bruise him!" Of course, the Lord, like little children, must have his fun - must torture the 'worm to see him squirm! However, having tortured his soul out of him, the Lord begins to lengthen the days, and soon the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand (the crops will grow). Thus, he shall see of the travail of his soul (summer heat), and be satisfied with the crops. In his righteousness (summer) my servant (the Sun) shall justify many, - give a reward for the seed sown. After summer he will bear their iniquities (their - the stars'- southern course) with them, and so be numbered with the transgressors, bearing the same sins (deviations from the equator) as they.
Dividing his time between the righteous and the transgressors - between summer and winter, though by pouring out his soul he is numbered with the latter, and makes intercession for them; he shall divide the spoil with, or rather among, the strong, i.e., the crops which grew during the summer shall be distributed over the two great divisions or halves of the year.
EYE AM
Funny atheists are regurgitating rabbis' self-debunking talking points about the servant Israel being the Jews, not Jesus
Cognitive dissonance at its finest
👍👍👍
That's because religion is man made and interesting to research.
@@trabob4438 I agree, your religion (Evolutionism) is man-made and interesting to research
@@trabob4438 Why would an atheist use rabbis' religious talking points to refute Christianity?
Cognitive dissonance that is.
@@V_George That's the problem with religion everyone thinks that theirs is the only right one. The funny thing is that depending on where you were born it has a lot to do with what you believe.
@@trabob4438 Yes. And you believe your Evolution religion is the only right one.
The funny thing is that depending on where you were born it has a lot to do with what you believe.
Israel is the servant not jesus, if you read the whole book not just cherry pick like people like to do.
But how can you pretend to have superior knowledge, if you just take the wrods like they were meant ;)
Cherrypicking is important to make up whole denominational doctrines. Not that that is a good thing.
The servant is making atonement and that is God the Son and for his people and not the nation of Israel since it cannot atone for sins by it's suffering since they have guile except for Jesus and the ones Jesus makes whole.
Can you show me how it is israel and not Jesus that is the suffering servant? Just want to know how you process that through scripture. Any information would help. Thank you.
@@polokucoch8112 Isaiah 44:1 46:3 45:4 43:10 41:8 you must read all chapters leading up to Iaaiah 53
@@trabob4438 Thanks for that response. I’m trying to do my research, but it’s interesting that you don’t reference any of the Servant passages in Isaiah. There are four entire passages that reference the suffering servant, the servant of the Lord. Not just some verses that you gave that doesn’t seem to have any cross reference or link.
This is what I researched :
The suffering and Glory of the Servant
So in Isaiah 52:13~15
It says that his appearance was so disfigured beyond that of any human being and his form marred beyond human likeness.
We know that Jesus was marred beyond recognition. I don’t have any reference for that for Israel.
Isaiah 53:5
But he was pierced for our transgressions, he was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was on him, and by his wounds we are healed.
I know that there is direct reference to Jesus taking on our sins, but I can’t find anything where Israel takes on our sins.
By his wounds we are healed. How are we healed by Israel’s wounds?
I know that there is direct reference to Jesus having wounds and that we are healed. I can’t find anything where Israel having wounds and that we are healed by/through that.
Isaiah 9:6
For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. 7 Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even forever. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will perform this.
This Verse says that this person is called the mighty God. There is only one entity that claims the title that God gives himself “I am the first and the last”. Jesus said that “I am the Alpha and the Omega, the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End.”
Isaiah 49:5~6
And now the Lord says- he who formed me in the womb to be his servant to bring Jacob back to him and gather Israel to himself,
for I am[a] honored in the eyes of the Lord and my God has been my strength-
6 he says:
“It is too small a thing for you to be my servant to restore the tribes of Jacob and bring back those of Israel I have kept. I will also make you a light for the Gentiles, that my salvation may reach to the ends of the earth.”
How can Jacob bring back Jacob and gather Israel to himself?
"I will also make you a light for the GENTILES, that my salvation may reach to the ends of the earth." - There is only One that made a light for the Gentiles and Only one that claimed he can give salvation to those who believe him. That is Jesus Christ. Israel was NOT made a light for the Gentiles. Israel was NOT someone who could give salvation to the ends of the earth."
THE GOSPEL
Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also
ye have received, and wherein ye stand; 2 By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain. 3 For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; 4 And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures:
- 1 Corinthians 15: 1-4 KJV
Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends. - John 15:13 KJV
SAVALATION
For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.
- John 3:16 KJV
For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved. John 3:17
Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me.
- John 14:6 KJV
Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved. Acts 4:12
For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life. Romans 5:10
But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. - Isaiah 53:5
For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast. Ephesians 2:8-9
And saying, The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand: repent ye, and believe the gospel.
- Mark 1:15 KJV
He that believeth on the Son hath everlasting life: and he that believeth not the Son shall not see life; but the wrath of God abideth on him.
- John 3:36 KJV
Who hath saved us, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began. 2 Timothy 1:9
For the Son of man is come to seek and to save that which was lost. Luke 19:10
The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance. 2 Peter 3:9
He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved; but he that believeth not shall be damned. Mark 16:16
For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive. 1 Corinthians 15:22
For scarcely for a righteous man will one die: yet peradventure for a good man some would even dare to die. But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. Romans 5:7-8
I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out, and find pasture. John 10:9
That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved. 10 For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation. 11 For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.
- Romans 10:9-11 KJV
For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.
- Romans 10:13 KJV
For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek. Romans 1:16
Even if you think jesus is the servant there is no scripture that states he would die and rise again in 3 days in Isaiah 53
Why would i care about the words allegedly said by somebody that could not even keep his last words true, that he would come back before all people in the room with him had died? 2000 years after that promise was made is plenty of time to realize it was all lies!
@@Ugly_German_Truths He never said that..
The book of Jonah is an image of Christ dying and rising after 3 days with Jonah being in the whale and equating his time within the whale with being in Sheol- the place of the dead. In the same way Christ died and rose on the 3rd day.
@@carter3679 paul states according to the scripture not an image of the scripture.