loved this. just got my gf through the unit circle and im gonna use this to teach the stage management theater major how to make instruments. this will be perfect to start her on so i can just go through it with her like shes an enginneer or programmer and show her how we design.
Great video, as usual! It would be great to add some connection between the fundamental frequency and some of the properties of the string itself, like it's diameter and elasticity. Keep up the great work!
The wavespeed is sqrt(T/mu), where T is the tension, and mu is the linear density (since lambda has another full time job for wave mechanics). From that and lambda = 2*L, you can calculate the fundamental frequency. Elasticity plays a second-order role in all of this. The tension will slightly reduce the linear density, due to the fact that you have to pull part of the string's mass behind the tuning shaft to change the tension. Steel has a very high Young's modulus, so the tension is very sensitive to small movements of the tuning shafts, and the linear density will be very close to constant over the tuning range. I determined that accounting for this factor with a steel string guitar, only influences the 4th digit on the frequency you get, so it is negligible for any practical reason you'd calculate it. I haven't explored the calculation for nylon strings, but I would expect that this factor would matter more for a nylon string.
Mr. P, I have been following you since I took AP physics in high school and am now a rising senior in college, studying for the MCAT. I love your videos and the way you explain things. I only wish you covered fluids. I appreciate how you have an MCAT playlist--are those videos comprehensive (excluding fluids)?
That is awesome! Unfortunately, I do not have comprehensive MCAT playlists. My videos currently cover AP Physics 1 and, while there is a lot of overlap, there are many topics missing. Sorry! Best of luck with the MCATs!
Does a guitar string vibrate in the first harmonic or it more complicated than that? If it is more than that, is it fair to simplify to the first harmonic?
A guitar string vibrates in all possible harmonics at the same time. The fundamental frequency will have the highest amplitude, and is what defines the note. If you look at the waveforms in an oscilloscope, you will see they are a lot more complicated than a simple sine wave as a consequence of this. An electric guitar has another added feature to its waveform, because the way the magnetic pickups capture the vibration, introduce their own harmonics. So an electric guitar through the amplifier will sound different than the same electric guitar played unplugged, and amplified through a separate microphone. This is how you can hear the difference between different instruments both playing the same note. The waveform shape and volume envelope (how the sound starts and decays, once the note initiates) is how you distinguish the instrument. You can control what mix of harmonics you get to some degree, by your method of plucking the strings, and where you pluck them. For instance, fingered guitars will have more of the fundamental and less of the harmonics, when compared to picked guitars. Plucking by the bridge instead of the sound hole, will also increase the influence of harmonics.
To a much lesser extent, they also change the linear density, because tightening the tuning rods will force less of the mass of the string to be between the two fixed ends, and wrap more mass of the string onto the tuning rod. The reason the tension doesn't unravel the tuners, is due to the self-locking behavior of the worm gear.
loved this. just got my gf through the unit circle and im gonna use this to teach the stage management theater major how to make instruments. this will be perfect to start her on so i can just go through it with her like shes an enginneer or programmer and show her how we design.
My god ...You came as rescue for me in this lockdown period to understand physics in detail 🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
I am very glad to have been able to help you learn!
omg why arent you famous i love this channel
Thanks! It's cool how shortening the strings length makes another part of the overtone series this helped me to understand that thank you so much!
You are a god gifted educator sir. Eagerly waiting for your A2 level videos, such as quantum and electronics
what he said! it was amazing!👌👌👌👌
Great video, as usual! It would be great to add some connection between the fundamental frequency and some of the properties of the string itself, like it's diameter and elasticity. Keep up the great work!
I agree, however, that goes beyond the scope of the current curriculum I am working on.
The wavespeed is sqrt(T/mu), where T is the tension, and mu is the linear density (since lambda has another full time job for wave mechanics). From that and lambda = 2*L, you can calculate the fundamental frequency.
Elasticity plays a second-order role in all of this. The tension will slightly reduce the linear density, due to the fact that you have to pull part of the string's mass behind the tuning shaft to change the tension. Steel has a very high Young's modulus, so the tension is very sensitive to small movements of the tuning shafts, and the linear density will be very close to constant over the tuning range. I determined that accounting for this factor with a steel string guitar, only influences the 4th digit on the frequency you get, so it is negligible for any practical reason you'd calculate it. I haven't explored the calculation for nylon strings, but I would expect that this factor would matter more for a nylon string.
Nice work, sir!
Thanks. Hopefully everything is correct now...
this series gives me enough information to know that I don't understand waves
Mr. P, I have been following you since I took AP physics in high school and am now a rising senior in college, studying for the MCAT. I love your videos and the way you explain things. I only wish you covered fluids. I appreciate how you have an MCAT playlist--are those videos comprehensive (excluding fluids)?
That is awesome!
Unfortunately, I do not have comprehensive MCAT playlists. My videos currently cover AP Physics 1 and, while there is a lot of overlap, there are many topics missing. Sorry!
Best of luck with the MCATs!
The end connected to the vibrator is not a node
Does a guitar string vibrate in the first harmonic or it more complicated than that? If it is more than that, is it fair to simplify to the first harmonic?
A guitar string vibrates in all possible harmonics at the same time. The fundamental frequency will have the highest amplitude, and is what defines the note. If you look at the waveforms in an oscilloscope, you will see they are a lot more complicated than a simple sine wave as a consequence of this. An electric guitar has another added feature to its waveform, because the way the magnetic pickups capture the vibration, introduce their own harmonics. So an electric guitar through the amplifier will sound different than the same electric guitar played unplugged, and amplified through a separate microphone.
This is how you can hear the difference between different instruments both playing the same note. The waveform shape and volume envelope (how the sound starts and decays, once the note initiates) is how you distinguish the instrument.
You can control what mix of harmonics you get to some degree, by your method of plucking the strings, and where you pluck them. For instance, fingered guitars will have more of the fundamental and less of the harmonics, when compared to picked guitars. Plucking by the bridge instead of the sound hole, will also increase the influence of harmonics.
I never knew those things at the end of the guitar change the tension of the strings.
Glad to help!
To a much lesser extent, they also change the linear density, because tightening the tuning rods will force less of the mass of the string to be between the two fixed ends, and wrap more mass of the string onto the tuning rod. The reason the tension doesn't unravel the tuners, is due to the self-locking behavior of the worm gear.
Hey! You back? What are we gonna cover now professor?
Next up is the AP Physics C: Mechanics curriculum!
@@FlippingPhysics are we gonna cover all the topics of it by the AP Exams of 2022?
More than half of the musicians don't know these
Get into the specifics of why! U disappointed me💀 6:35
he did explained that that thing is also in ncert