Supersymmetric Particle Found?
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- čas přidán 3. 06. 2024
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With the large hadron collider running out of places to look for clues to a deeper theory of physics, we need a bigger particle accelerator. We have one - the galaxy.
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Physics is currently in a weird place. Historically, no matter how crazy our theories got, there were always new ways to test them. Your theory predicts a new particle? Build a particle accelerator big enough to see it. But once your collider spans entire countries - like the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland - there’s only so much larger you can go - at least on the surface of the Earth. The LHC has thoroughly tested the standard model of particle physics. The last component of that model - the Higgs boson - was verified in 2013. But the standard model isn’t the end of the story - there MUST be a more fundamental theory that explains the origins of this rich family of particles. Proposals for such grand unified theories proliferate, unconstrained by even the tiniest hint of new physics from the LHC.
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سلطان الخليفي
"Your rebel base is safe."
I love how Matt says these things in a perfectly serious tone and just keeps going with the Science immediately after.
"all your base are belong to us"?
Plz some gamer decypher the title of reference for me. I might become a fan...
@@dannydetonator The rebel base is a reference to Star Wars Episode V: Empire Strikes Back.
How many takes do you think it took for him to say that with a straight face?
I hope for a Stargate reference one day. That was the best sci Fi franchise.
"give up and let theorists just tell their stories?"
Ouch.
When I hear about detectors like ANITA I feel kind of sad that the vast majority of humans (including me) will never be able to understand what humans are capable of
I don't think any human does TBH.
We have awesome things like this that most people won't know anything about, but our abilities also increase over generations.
Every time I listen to news about the congress I lose hope for humanity, and then I go watch some science news and I have hope again.
Every time I hear super symmetry called "Suzy" I can't help but think of a physicist dancing in their office going "oh Suuuzzzy Q baby I love you Suzzzy Q!"
Science discovers Quantum shark: "We're gonna need a bigger particle accelerator"
oh noh, quantum shark tornado
"It was in front of me and behind me at the same time! It was spinning ferociously, and another shark in the distance was spinning too, in the opposite direction! When I noticed it, they reversed their spin! I shot one shark in its head and both of them became dead and alive at the same time!"
Small typo, huge difference: at 1:44, the Weak force is not 1024 times stronger than gravity, it is 10^24 times stronger. Missing some 21 orders of magnitudes. No biggie :-)
Edit: Ah, copy-pasted from Wikipedia, the superscript was lost when copied as plain text.
It's at least better than missing by 101 orders of magnitude:)
In astrophysics, 21 orders of magnitude difference is essentially an exact result ;-)
I was curious about the hierarchy problem and looked it up, was about to comment the same thing. Good looking out
Ah, and I've already thought I remember it wrong.
And 1024 is just awesome number anyway.
@@vincentpelletier57 my man
Man I can't get enough of PBS SpaceTime. This is fantastic and you are as well
The community interaction is a pleasure to see.
00:25 "Physics is currently in a... weird place."
For a moment I thought you were going to make a Strange joke. ;)
HAHAHHA got it.
Can we please stop for a moment and digest the fact that we come as far as using an entire CONTINENT as radio-dish!?
That's nothing, we use old star cores to measure gravity fluctuations
We have a -hemisphere- earth sized virtual telescope called the Event horizon telescope to collect images from the center of the milky way.
don't forget that we use galaxies or clusters of galaxies to observe gravitational lensing
ifls
Won’t it be grand when we’re using our entire solar system as a giant radio collector? 🤓
Who here can still remember the moment when you heard the Higgs Boson was verified
boy I wish it's like that again......also James webb telescope is going to be up soon I hope that brings something to the table
I was leaning to a wall in my intership place listening to radio and heard it in the news. I remember thinking that I might just have heard about a very important event in the history of science.
I called my best friend immediately upon hearing about it
Still remember? Lol hasn't even been 5 years
damn! I can remember when it was hypothesized! :(
8:41 Steinn Sigurdsson was my astronomy professor! He taught me in a non-science major course because I cannot do maths good but he was amazing
I had his supersymmetric partner, Teinn Igurdsson
@@xyzpdg1313 that was a fantastic comment lmao
and now, almost 2 years later, the answer is "nope"
I love how this channel doesn't tell us about the theories physicists are thinking about, but also keeps us tuned in to some of the relatively new experimental findings and what they could mean for the future of physics.
My favorite channel on CZcams. Thanks for all your guys' hard work taking complex subjects and explaining them to the layman. For years you have been making me regret not going into physics.
What did u get into then ?
@@arulfrancis9108 Dirty girls pants & an AA group.
Thanks a lot, college.
Arul Francis been doing software development for a long time now, but always been fascinated by all the topics covered here. I’m just glad I can pretend to understand it all, thanks to the space time crew :)
I agree. Sometimes I wonder what life would've been like if I became an Astronomer like my childhood dream. But I was told in 9th grade that I would end up being poor if I went into the sciences by my science teacher. My other science teachers weren't that great either.
Small error at 1:45 -- The magnitude difference between the weak force and the gravitational force is 10^24 (The weak force being 10^24 times stronger than the gravitational force) -- This is either a copy/paste mistake or something wrong with the editing software and how it displays exponents-- Mostly pointing this out for people who may have read 1024 and found it interesting that the weak force was 2^10 times stronger than gravity, lol.
It's not like I understand anything here
@@Kuzyapso imagine you could either have $1000000000000000000000000 or $1024, would you prefer the first one or the typo?
i'm sure that's a copy paste mistake, i've read the exact sentence on wikipedia
Is gravity the problem of our lives?
@@OpportunisticHunter I don't know. I only know that like the sands in an hour glass, so are the days of our lives
i was feeling very stupid watching this ..
then saw the comment section and i feel happy thanks guys .
does it feel good to be stupid?
It's really simple; we don't know why gravity is so much weaker than the weak nuclear force, so we just have to (insert math here), because (more math), and since (math with weird, probably Greek letters and triangles and shit), we should be able to see (maaaaaaaaaaaath).
This perspective on the current frontier of physics is brought to you by a molecular neurobiology student.....
Right. And this video was one of the easier ones. But the comment section is always uplifting by the contrast it makes.
N/p, there was a time when I felt like I was getting the older videos, but now.... I’m just totally lost. 😃
Mr. Caligos sometimes it does
The fact this title got me more hype than most things this year means I'm probably too deep into physics as a non physicist
You can never be too deep into any search for knowledge!
Our advances in science, particularly physics, are the one thing that's good right now. Because our advances in global social matters are horrible.
Johanna Geisel that is because people pretty much gave up on trying to understand social phenomena using the experimental method. Social studies are activism instead of science and that made them devolve into a vulgar posmodern power struggle.
Probably true. I know I have no business following String theory, Supersymmetry or even Quantum Mechanics, but I can't resist. The closer I look at the universe, the more it eludes my grasp.
Yeah i feel you😄
Ok, neutrino physicist here. Brilliant episode, as always, but with a small caveat. Neutrinos DO NOT lose energy going through the Earth's core. Something tells me you guys know this but the misleading information was born from didactics. What you probably meant is that the MSW effect suppresses tau-neutrinos at these energies and that is why they are unlikely. They would be observed with the same energies but as electrons- or muon-neutrinos (most probably the latter). So, no energy is lost, but the observation of tau-neutrinos at an specific energy value is unlikely, and yet, it seems to be the case. That's the puzzle.
What "MSW" means?
As someone who is not a neutrino physicist i thank you very much for this clarification.
@@felipecamposribeiro4852 Wikipedia will tell you, better than I can, the name of the three brilliant physicists which MSW stands for, but I'll do my best to explain: as it turns out, the three kinds of neutrinos are just labels that we apply to them when we observe their accompanying lepton, the electron, the muon, or the tau. This label is not a constant. It actually changes during the neutrino flight. In a vacuum, this change is periodic and therefore it is called neutrino oscillation. In the presence of matter, it is all different. Regular oscillations can be enhanced or suppressed, depending on the relation between the medium's density and the neutrino's original label and energy. More than that, any abrupt changes in density triggers another kind of label conversion which is not periodic. This is called non-adiabatic neutrino conversion, also known as the MSW effect. In summary, given the conditions in the Earth's core and mantle and the neutrino's label and energy, it is unlikely that the tau type is observed, and yet it is. But the energy is the same, no matter what.
I hope this helps a little bit.
Thank you
Thank you Gustao particle
Penguins using cell phones?
Kowalski, analysis!
"Perhaps, penguins use cellphones now? This is gonna require more observation and confirmation."
Probably at least one of them could have a burst transmitter that rarely sends it's movement patterns to base.
Would be very funny if true.
more testing...
I don't know but there using polar bears as dogs ?
They do have tuxedos so not to far from iphones I suppose...
@@heaven4247 unfortunately, polar bears are on the opposite pole.
Damn I wonder why no one ever talks about Ice Cube's contributions to particle physics..
Straight Outta Particle Accelerator
I Too often question academia's reluctance to formerly recognise the significance of Ice Cube's contributive scientific data.
LHC aint got shit on Ice Cube's scientific yield!
Space Time released a new video. I gotta say it was a good day.
Neutrinos With Attitude
I suppose BC it's discoveries have no practical significance, not an attack on its relevance, just an honest report on its yield. Frankly put neutrinos aren't exactly world shaking, they underpin nothing other than the standard model.
Squark sounds like the sound an antimatter duck would make!
squark squark..
Nah that’s just a British duck
It doesn’t pronounce the R
An Imperial Probe appearing in two different videos? Disturbing
I'd expect it to say kcauq
squack
Waste of breath
I love Space Time! Last night I went to an astronomy talk at The Calyx in sydney, I was inspired by this show. Thank you Matt!
I just figured out something, the squark of the up quark is called sup
Science has always been hip to the lingo.
sup
sdown
trange
scharm
sbottom
stop
Smells like sup squark in here.
sstrange 🤔
@@istvanszennai5209 that emoji is like your saying sstrange is sstrange.
I whole heartedly believe penguins with cell phones.
Inspiring
Yeah, that one Geico ad proves it.
Have you seen their Instagrams??
Shhh … Dude it's Santa Clause and we're trying to obscure his exact whereabouts with GPS obfuscation. The Penguins are a scape goat.
I don't trust them... not one bit!
"Given the amount of time Ice Cube is in operation, it probably should have"
I mean, he was in a rap game since 80s, which is a very long time, but I fail to see what that has to do with neutrinos.
Presumably his lyrical skills should be potent enough to excite the neutrinos in some way via a physical mechanism we've yet to comprehend, but the Rap scene has been privy to for years.
You fail the exam. No Model X for you!!
Can I just say, I absolutely love all of the stupid, sciencey jokes you find a way to work into your script. I bet most go unnoticed, but from a science nerd, and a weird English nut, I truly appreciate the ones I catch.
The penguin president just said to his best team: "They are on our tracks. Skipper, Rico, I want you to take them out!"
They are watching us.
Sgreat Svideo!!
Ssmart scomment
Careful using this technique with recursive acronyms, the S's really add up quick
Sit swas sawesome sindeed s:)
Spretty sclever commentino.
Smy sex shit smy sballs sand sit shurts snow Sam sin sgreat Spain
SFML
Next video: God found playing Football in quantum field
Next video: satens wife caught cheating on him with god prank. (GONE WRONG)
@@silliestsususagest3276 it proves more useful to know their energy and time rather
@@silliestsususagest3276 Don't even get started on whether or not field goal kicks make it through the uprights.
@@jmcsquared18 football as in world football, not american football.
*Gods
This episode has convinced me that physicists must not be allowed to name particles. I knew there were were problems that way since the quarks, but I had no idea things were this bad.
I really liked truth and beauty! dang it.
"If all we try to do is explain observations, unless we observe everything that does happen, we won't be able to know everything that can."
They can find a theoretical particle but can they find my wife?
DaveXXX where did you lose her? Check down the back of the sofa.
I left mine in between the cushions, make sure you check those places and things such as that
I don't think you are in luck. Unless you have a particle-fetish...
She's my wife now Dave.
@@futhamucka fuck
Stau means traffic jam in German haha 🍄
The cause of traffic jams? Aliens! Definitely aliens, shooting ultra energetic particles at us!
It's the space cop's radar detectors. "I'm going to need you to step out of the biosphere."
You pronounce it like 'shtau' tho :)
@@Salamibagel Es sei denn man kommt aus dem hohen Norden ;)
What's with the random mushroom emoji?
I've always appreciated that, even though this guy's a genius, he's very open to admit he/they may be wrong, don't know, aren't sure, etc. Very humble. Bravo, sir.
I love this channel. The simple fact that you explain things in cosmology, particle physics, relativity, etc., in great detail, without hype or hyperbole, & in a down to earth fashion, makes this channel worth its weight in gold. Great job. Rikki Tikki.
If we're running out of space to build large particle accelerators that function by conventional electromagnetic acceleration, why isn't more effort being put into figuring out wakefield accelerators? From what I've read, they can have far superior energy gradients, and accelerate particles with much less distance traveled. I understand that there's difficulties creating the plasma wake to begin with, but even those methods don't take up as much space as the LHC, especially when considering laser pumped wakefield accelerators, as opposed to particle beam pumped ones.
As a side note, if we could find an efficient way to scale up wakefield accelerators, do you think it'd be possible to make a large array of wakefield accelerators pumped by solar pumped lasers, or by the sun directly, in solar orbit, to make an antimatter factory? It'd still consume plenty of energy to make antimatter, but if you could do it with thousands of small accelerators, it'd become much cheaper to produce than currently when using the LHC, and maybe open up new horizons in space travel. The main cost in antimatter production is the particle accelerator used, and if we could have thousands of small, relatively cheap wakefield accelerators, maybe antimatter powered space travel could become a reality?
I say the next step is an orbital ring/ particle accelerator. Bootstrap the solar expansion combined with a significant enough increase in power for the physics research.
@The Truth of the Matter Right, but a very highly developed and sufficiently powerful Wakefield accelerator could do things for us that an orbital or even celestial accelerator would take decades to implement. Sure we cant know for sure that a Wakefield would be cost effective but we do know that it would be faster to build since we don't have to first construct a buildup of artifice in orbit for megastructures like that. IMO its worth a look as we could do a lot with a deeper understanding of the Standard Model and there's nothing inherently unscalable about an accelerator of the type.
Well, thousands of smaller Wakefields would probably be cheaper because they're much smaller and simpler each, however the main reason antimatter production isn't practical is because a) the cost of the particle accelerator is so high b) because we can't produce large amounts, since the throughout of each accelerator for specifically antimatter production doesn't change with energy much. As long as the accelerator has enough energy per particle for pair production, more doesn't help that much. Our current particle accelerators are huge, but that doesn't offer any advantage.
It's like a computer CPU: some applications benefit from single core performance being better (science experiments), but others (like producing antimatter in mass) benefit more from parallelism. Having thousand of cheap, small Wakefields that can each create basically as much antimatter per second as CERN at a lower energy, would be better than having a single really big accelerator. The really big one would be great for science and terrible for industrial manufacture of antimatter. A hundred thousand cheap Wakefields with way less maximum energy but still enough for pair production would produce much more antimatter.
My point was not to perform scientific research but to use the sun to create a energy dense fuel for space travel at scale. Wakefields are objectively better for this if we can use them this way because they can achieve the needed energy per particle within a few centimeters instead of dozens of meters. Much better.
"the universe itself is a pretty good particle accelerator" unexpectedly made me laugh
- any particle accelerator is a particle accelerator of the universe
- it is from gold and crystals in the earth which we are taking thus killing the earth
@@extensionflexxin1482 how exactly? We haven't even dug past the crust yet, we're basically just tickling the earth
15:03 If they had a good memory, they would have remembered that you said that the finding does not disprove the extra diemensions proposed by string theory
It simply needs more evidence that is actual hard rock evidence
I am SO glad that more recent episodes of SpaceTime have improved audio.
Thank you ❤
okay so basically this is epic
sorry for hijacking the top comment, but...
the weak force is *1024* x stronger than gravity? (2^10)
another proof for the simulation theory :P
@@csehszlovakze lol
@@csehszlovakze Ngl I saw 1024 and was briefly spooked xD
no , just no. SUSY doesn't work. It's hype job.
Sepic
You made good points on string theory in the comment reply section of the video. Still, if something isn't testable, and can't make predictions, that's a problem to not be taken lightly. I really enjoy this series, I've seen every one now, and eagerly await the next. It actually helped rekindle my passion of physics in part, and is part of why I'm studying for my physics GRE now.
Semantic rant: "miniscule weakness of gravity" should've been stated as "miniscule strength of gravity". miniscule weakness is a double negative and implies strength.
Semantic rant: miniscule weakness isnt a double negative as neither word is a negative.
The point is valid though, the word combination implies great strength.
@@kaigreen5641 Pedantic rant: miniscule is a form of "lesser" and so is "weakness", which, on say a log scale where a coupling > 1 is "strong" and < 1 is weak, then it is indeed a form of double negation, since miniscule negative logs are close to 1. At least that's one nerdy interpretation. However, it is not a generalized "double negative". That's because "weakness" is ambiguous, it can mean "weak coupling" in this context, and so "miniscule coupling" is a correct meaning. Double negations arise when truth values are being used, but "weakness of coupling" is not a truth value, it's a measure value, and so cannot be double negated.
no it actually can only imply further weakness or, to what degree is this thing exhibiting the trait of weakness in a certain context? not very much or a minuscule amount theres no negative its just modifying the severity of being weak
What is the difference in meaning between imply and infer?
While you idiots are arguing about double negatives the ice sheet is still melting..../facepalm
Are you ready for the highest compliment I can give you. I have watched 20 to 30 hours of your videos and have not seen anything likely untrue. You truly say what is proven and also let us know what is still speculative. And in every case it has coincided with online and my current knowledge as I have been able to decipher and discover it. Kudos to your accuracy!
Sspacestime... 😂
Sylphin zzzpacetime
Yeah it took me a minute to figure out what he was pulling
Clearly we need a separate version of this channel that provides largely the same content but where the hosts are super over energetic.
Supersymetric time? Sure, why not...
wrg , say any s ok
As much as I do not miss a single show for it's content; you have the funniest jokes in the multiverse.
Love how this is explained in depth
I Know PBS has a lot of channels but this is my favourite and I think there should be more. Space Time needs a supersymmetric pair, Sspace Stime, so we can watch more space stuff.
He sounds so depressed when he says "Give up and let theorists tell their stories?" I take it he is an experimental physicist. :)
Thanks Matt, very cool!
Ice cube be like “f*ck the neutrinos coming straight from the underground”
Mr. O'Dowd, I was curious as to your opinion on emergence theory and the E8 lattice. Thanks so much for all your hard work and the passion you put into it!
Great theory, no mater what angle you see it from.
New Message is that a supersymetric joke
"The Universe itself is a great particle accelerator"
Great - now we just need a detector the size of...um...the universe
Andromeda should do just fine for the detector end of it.
And now I'm picturing two scenarios
1. Humanoid species of a size where we appear to them as small as atoms do to us and we are in there particle accelerators
2. Giant humanoid species using our entire universe as a beam target.
I literally left YT half way through this video to google “YT channels similar to PBS space time for finance” and stumbled upon the reddit announcement for PBS Two Cents series. Then low and behold when I returned to this video not 2 minutes later you suggested Two Cents as a channel to check out. Creepy yet appreciated coincidence!
Keep creating great content.
This guy has quickly become my favorite astrophysics channel. Crams a lot of information into a short video and doesn't fill with adds and fluff.
is it still clickbait if you put a question mark in???
Well the video does exactly what the title says
It questions the data we found
I've seen other clickbait video titles by these guys, but this isn't one of them. Unless descriptive and compelling titles are all inherently clickbait now.
Yeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesssssssssss!
A clickbait exists only if clicked, it's in superposition between clickbait & not clickbait if not clicked
My understanding for click bait is if the tittle or thumbnail has little or nothing to do with content.
15:52 He wasn't lying, he didn't change his shirt.
Before that he was wearing a Firefly shirt. Nice.
I already saw their channel before you mentioned. Already subbed because I found it really useful.
We have a deep neutrino lab where I live (and I’m a scientist) so this video really interested me. Thanks so much. I’ll have to see what our neutrino lab has published lately. This SUSY particle could burst open the doors for string theory (which I stand behind). Great video and the graphics were really helpful! Thanks!!
The best and most informative science channel on CZcams! Great! 💪
You left out that, because of frame-dragging, that neutrinos, as they travel through space, change flavors between the three types as a function of the distance they travel. Therefor, a muon neutrino can change into a Tau right at the detector (becoming more massive... requiring more reletavistic frame dragging to change to the lightest, the electron neutrino). The Tau (which used to be the muon flavor) could then interact at the detector.
I'm amazed that you didn't explain to people that neutrinos change their flavor, even using words that leave people to believe that the neutrino types stay the same as they travel through space.
For quite complex reasons, the Anita signal can’t be explained by neutrino flavour changing. Currently there is no standard model or nuetrino oscillation explanation for these two events. I imagine that is why they didn’t discuss it, though I believe they have discussed oscillations in previous videos.
@@TheJackawock Plus, how could frame-dragging alone account for a considerable contribution to the oscillations - isn't that tiny for the galaxy's rotation?
cat wants to know more about meowons
Tau or T'au? It's all for the Greater Good! 👽
Isn't amazing that all these physicists who study neutrinos for a living have never heard of neutrino oscillations? Or could it be that any popular account of physics is going to leave out lots of details?
And as far as I know frame dragging has nothing at all to do with neutrino oscillations.
much _much_ *much* better episode than last week! thank you :-)
Fantastic episode as always!
Does this particle have a number?
Cause damn I AM InTerested in a RELATIONSHIP!
I reckon the bravest scientists are those trying to join gravity to quantum theory. They've got G.U.T.s...
I'll get my coat. 😙
Mandy B no stay it’s hilarious
Actually science is losing crediblity drastically. Science should keep theories to themselves until they have been totally proven. One theory falls, another one rises. Over and over and over and over again. Why should anyone give a new theory a second thought? Just wait a few years or decades and it will be taken out by another new theory. How can anyone believe science. You are beginning to look like delusional lunatics.
@@Bryan-Hensley
So... you basically have no idea what science and scientific method is...
"String Theory" is a misnomer.
It is an elegant hypothesis. Not actually a theory.
Scientific terms have slightly different meanings than the same word in common use.
A Fact is a sufficiently justified true belief. It is a statement about a phenomenon which is supported by evidence of sufficient quality and quantity to demonstrate a testable condition.
Relating to Gravity the statement, "things fall down" is a factual statement.
A Law is the quantification of a phenomenon.
Things fall at a rate of 32 feet per second, per second.
A Law increases the utility of a Fact by modeling it mathematically.
A Theory, models the underlying mechanism.
General Relativity is gravitational theory.
Science is the only epistemology that produces useful information.
Engineering is the practical application of science.
You might want to get a basic science education so that you can determine for yourself whether your objections are well informed.
@@ablebaker8664 that's why I said they should keep theories to themselves until it's proven fact. Even thermodynamics 2 law blows the big bang theory out of the water.
@@ablebaker8664 I totally understand theories. But the public is turning their backs on science anymore. It's understandable because people take these theories as fact and then it another theory or law of physics slams it. It shocked me to know so many people now believe in a flat Earth. I thought they just wanted to see if they could manipulate people. But only to find out that they are serious. So I started researching why.
I looked into the Ice Cube archive, and determined that Today was a good day.
Such great vids, I watch them all. Never before have I had such clarity on how complete my misunderstanding of this subject is. Sorry about the split infinitive, perhaps my grammar might reveal a new particle!
SSPACE STIME lmao Matt you're awesome :)
"We're gonna need a bigger particle accelerator!"
Ah, yes, the 1000 mile Hossenfelder Collider!
Thanks Matt, another fascinating episode. Best channel ever!
Mad respect to those scientists. coming up with the theory AND math is so far beyond my reach. insane how smart some ppl are.
I can solve the hierarchy problem, gravity isn't a force it's an effect. Nobel Prize please!🤲
LOL yep Relativity vs Quantum Mechanics and so far gravity keeps coming up as a measurement of space time curvature and thus a effect not a force and thus being weak compared to the other forces is not a problem because it's not a force. Unfortunately Relativity has it's own holes, including black ones ;), so much more to learn there is.
You said that muon-nutrino can travel through the earth without slowing down, so what if it changes its flovour into tau-nutrino
Just before detection
Another great episode. Also helped connect a dot for me. Specifically, I knew that Super-K, Ice Cube etc. map Cerenkov radiation onto, respectively, their surface or 3D matrix to determine where in the detector the event takes place and, by the light cone formed, the vector from where it came. What I wasn't getting was *how* the neutrino caused that. It decayed into a more massive (but lower energy) particle, which smashes into the surroundings at (locally) superluminal velocities and that creates the measurable light! Nice!!!
Gotta love neutrinos!
Love to see a follow up video on this
If super symmetric particles require electroweak level energies to exist. Would that mean that right at the start of the universe, everything would be super symmetric? Does that mean the W3 and B Bosons are actually super symmetric and if so what are their normal partners? Also, could this be a candidate for inflation? When the early universe cooled below the electroweak energies all the super symmetric particles would decay into loads of regular particles which would presumably cause a massive and rapid expansion???
time doesn't exist until super symmetry is collapsed ?
@@upgrade1583 Actually, any event has a time signature attached to it. Time is NOT the bases for events, events ARE the bases for time.
when the standard model is SUSSY😳
I'm terrible with names so I can't say who was doing this work, but there was some work being done to redefine quantum mechanics or at least the fundamental forces in terms of Octonion, rotations in an 8-dimensional space. This didn't change the 3+1 dimensions of actual space. The work was not complete to fully translate all of physics to this model, but the model itself does have some interesting properties that may imply why our universe is the way it is. For example, Quaternions, are a 4-dimensional structure used in computer graphics to eliminate the problem of gimble lock in 3-D space. The vector part of a Quaternion is 3-dimensional and a complex part that is 1-dimensional. In computer graphics this can describe an axis of rotation in 3-d space for the vector part and a scalar rotation for the complex part. Quaternions are non-communicative so i x j j x i. I recall, but I'm not finding the sources to back this up, that Octonions have a vector part that is 4-dimensional. Tranformations in Octonion space seem to naturally match quantum spin. Octonions are non-associative, so a (b x c) (a x b) c. And now the part that borders on woo. The non-associative nature of the Octonion may describe why time only flows in one direction. The next higher dimension of rotation object would lose the property of identity and therefore could not exist (I think I made that up but it sounds cool). Therefore, we necessarily live in a universe of 3-dimensions + 1 of time that flows in one direction only because of math! I would love to see a video about this that corrects my misconceptions on this.
I wouldn't know specifically, but back in college, and in grad school, I'd browse the journals for stuff like that. Unconventional QM, spinors and quaternions, fundamentals of space time and matter. Foundations of Physics was one of my favorites. David Finkelstein wrote some interesting stuff. Quaternions were definitely thought about. Octonions, I've seen papers, but that was long ago. If anyone is doing fresh work on that today, or recently, cool!
Cohl Furey released a video about octonions in physics earlier this year: czcams.com/video/_E2iiuunK-E/video.html
I would love if you could provide some articles in the description for those who wish to go further into the theories you describe.
The only way I can express my feelings for this is "I'm amazed", and since I know a little bit of particle physics, i will be certantly researching more about it.
I'm moving from full free time SciShow to Space TIme wish me luck
What exactly is being compared when we say that one fundamental force is stronger than another?
it means one fundamental force can beat up another in the parking lot after happy hour
Consider picking things up with a magnet, then compare that to how weak gravity is. A magnet the size of your fist can lift tens or hundreds of pounds. The gravity from that magnet is negligible.
It's defined by the relative stregths of the interactions between fundamental particles. For the gauge interactions (electro magnetism, weak and strong force) this can be uniquely defined because there is a fundamental unit charge. For gravity this is not the case. Usually the gravitational attraction between two electrons is used. One could equally well use the muon or any other fundamental particle.
I don't know if it makes sense to compare the strength of gravity in the same way we compare the gauge interactions. To say that QCD is ten times stronger than QED is a precise mathematical statement. This is not the case for gravity.
@@polygondwanaland8390 But that doesn't feel like a fair test to me. The density of the dipoles within that magnet will be much higher than the density of its mass. There must be a way in which scientists are comparing these forces mathematically. I've read something about coupling constants and that Gravity has the smallest one out of the four. But where does that math come from?
@@Kaepsele337 I see, and they calculate the coupling constants from these gauge interactions right?
Interesting and worthwhile video.
cant wait for new episodes!
I enjoyed all of that, and understood none of it.
😂😂😂at least you’re honest mate
Tsavorite Prince
Lol, you can’t understand these concepts from a 16 minute video, you’re delusional if you think you can
@@metachirality ah yes, I'll go to university for 16 minutes and learn the ins and outs of supersymmetry.
Tsavorite Prince
It’s alright to be an asshole. But only if you keep it to yourself.
@@metachirality Arrogant big noting asshat- see if you can understand this: shut up.
4:35 Some guy randomly sighing into a mic somewhere?
That was a cum sigh!
No I do not think so
@@TheCimbrianBull No I highly doubt the jizzment
THIS YEAR, 2020, Similar incident sparked Online craze for Multi-verse! Thanks CZcams for recommending this video!
2 cents is amazingly well done as all the channels of PBS..
"antennae" is for animals, "antennas" is for electronics
Are you saying these balloons are genetically modified penguins? Science is amazing!
And I for one welcome our new cellphone wielding penguin overlords
Damn Ice Cube is killing it.. went from rap to acting to being a physicist
PBS, please bring Brian Green back!! I’ve watched and rewatched his Elegant Universe series... he explains things so simply!!
Germany could use a dose of Anti-Stau.
Wait supersymmetric particles have antimatter versions?
like covid-19 ?
FYI Stau is German for traffic jam
@@paulmichaelfreedman8334 i am german and found our streets pleasantly empty this last year
@@timun4493 My last 2 comments have been deleted for some reason....Let's see if this stays
Penguins using cellphones? *I knew it!*
My fav episode so far
im sure glad you can explain things i will never understand in terms i cant understand
If these particles got researchers excited then are the supersymmetric particles generated when the researchers return to a relaxed state?
facepalm...
Facepalm...
Ooooh, trippy thumbnail. Need to click! 🍄
John Smith the 🍄 is now forever associated with Trump's pecker. We have Stormy Daniels to thank for that.
This kind of science makes you really just wonder what lies beneath everything. Awe inspiring.
0:53 glad you finally fixed that graphic ;)