Taking Statins? Know These Things About Statins Before Taking Them - Side Effects Of Statins

Statins, also known as HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, are a group of medications which are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
They are most effective in reducing LDL cholesterol through several mechanisms.
Some commonly used statins include atorvastatin, fluvastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin, and lovastatin.
Statins reduce blood cholesterol by inhibiting the enzyme HMG Co-A reductase, which catalyzes the rate limiting step in the cholesterol synthesis pathway.
In addition, statins increase the uptake of cholesterol from the liver by upregulating the expression of LDL receptors in the liver.
Through these mechanisms, statins will reduce blood LDL cholesterol by about 25 to 55%, increase blood HDL cholesterol by about 5% and reduce triglycerides by about 10 to 35%.
They also have what are called pleiotropic effects.
These are certain effects of drugs, which can be either beneficial or harmful and are not related to its main pharmacological action.
Luckily for statins, there are many beneficial pleiotropic effects.
Some of them include the following.
Improved endothelial function.
Reduced vascular inflammation.
Reduced platelet aggregation.
Increased neovascularization of ischemic tissue.
Stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques.
Antithrombotic action.
And enhanced fibrinolysis.
Statins are commonly used in primary prevention of arterial disease, especially indicated for patients with diabetes and renal failure with elevated blood cholesterol.
And they are also used in the secondary or long-term management of angina, myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attacks, and stroke.
Non-cardiovascular indications include Alzheimer's disease and prostate cancer.
In general, statins are well tolerated by most individuals.
They should not be taken by individuals with underlying liver disease, because these medications are metabolized by the liver.
So, in liver disease, metabolism of statins gets impaired, leading to toxicity.
Statins are contraindicated during pregnancy, since they can cause birth defects in the baby.
Common side effects of statins include the following.
Muscle pain.
Headache and dizziness.
Difficulty in sleeping.
Gastrointestinal side effects such as constipation, diarrhea, and indigestion.
Some rare side effects of statins include liver toxicity.
Pancreatitis.
Loss of hair.
Reduced sex drive and erectile dysfunction.
Angioedema.
And rhabdomyolysis, or breakdown of muscle tissue
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[@user-hn9bo4qf5j]

Good video