Killing Hitler's Hangman - Operation Anthropoid - War Against Humanity 035 - May 1942, Pt. 2
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- čas přidán 26. 05. 2021
- Arthur Harris and his RAF Bombers carry out a massive bombing raid on Cologne. Meanwhile, one of the architects of the Holocaust, Reinhard Heydrich is the target of a spectacular assassination attempt.
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Hosted by: Spartacus Olsson
Written by: Spartacus Olsson and Joram Appel
Director: Astrid Deinhard
Producers: Astrid Deinhard and Spartacus Olsson
Executive Producers: Astrid Deinhard, Indy Neidell, Spartacus Olsson, Bodo Rittenauer
Creative Producer: Maria Kyhle
Post-Production Director: Wieke Kapteijns
Research by: Joram Appel
Edited by: Miki Cackowski
Sound design: Marek Kamiński
Map animations: Eastory ( / eastory )
Colorizations by:
Adrien Fillon - / adrien.colorisation
Daniel Weiss
Spartacus Olsson
Jaris Almazani (Artistic Man), artistic.man?ig...
Dememorabilia - / dememorabilia
Norman Stewart - oldtimesincolor.blogspot.com/
Klimbim - www.flickr.com/photos/2215569...
Sources:
Yad Vashem 29/56, 1137/217, 2986/71, 4613/98, 15000/14246876, 11CO1, 153DO9, 121FO9, 3116/73
Bundesarchiv
IWM HU 44269, CL 2377, OPX 96, D 8987, CH 18035, OPX 90
Wellington bomber graphic, courtesy of Emoscopes en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vi...
Halifax bomber graphic, courtesy of Emoscopes commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
USHMM
Fortepan - ID 73103
Picture of the tram damaged during the assassination of Heydrich, courtesy of Jiří Šulc
from the Noun Project: cabrio car by kiddo, Bike by Sakchai Ruankam, Bike by Assyifa Art, Pistol by Sumyati, Factory by iconixar, Deteriorated building, fire building by dDara, Fire by Aisyah, closed by Graphic Nehar, destroy by Eucalyp, property damage by Nikita Kozin, Hospital by Hare Krishna, Church by Karla Design, School by Adrien Coquet
Soundracks from the Epidemic Sound:
Reynard Seidel - Deflection
Cobby Costa - Flight Path
Johan Hynynen - Dark Beginning
Wendel Scherer - Growing Doubt
Jon Bjork - Icicles
Jon Bjork - Disposal
Fabien Tell - Last Point of Safe Return
Philip Ayers - Trapped in a Maze
Gunnar Johnsen - Not Safe Yet
Archive by Screenocean/Reuters www.screenocean.com.
A TimeGhost chronological documentary produced by OnLion Entertainment GmbH.
NOTE: There is an error in the episode that we regretfully missed in our fact checking. Gabčík and Kubiš were of course Czechoslovak agents, not just Czech, and Gabčík was of Slovak ethnicity. We have reedited and are working on exchanging the video through CZcams. Until then, our apologies.
On another note - I mention the 1,000 Bomber Raid on Cologne in this episode - as with previous videos covering the British area bombing campaign, there’s a great chance that CZcams will age restrict, thereby censoring this video, since it will upset some people that we dare talk about this and not only the war crimes of the Axis powers. To not mention that I will once again face accusations of anti-British sentiments. That is of course nonsense. To anyone that feels the need to re-educate me about how wonderfully effective strategic bombing was, I might point your attention to that I’m neither voicing any opinions of my own in this video, nor those of other historians, but simply reporting on what Churchill, the British Government, Harris, and Singleton said about it in 1942. If you find that offensive or upsetting, blaming me is an act of killing the messenger, but hey… have away at it.
Spartacus
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I have brought this up before when talking about the bombing of Germany in response to your claims that it didn't help end the war but have not heard any good reply yet in counter to the below.
According to Alan Bollard the author of "Economists at War: How a Handful of Economists Helped Win and Lose the World Wars" brings up that as a result of the Allied bombing of Germany they spent more then 40% of their economy on airplanes and air defenses while only spending 3% of their economy of armored vehicles such as tanks. And he says that percentage of the German economy used on air defense goes up through out the war as a result of the Allied bombing (it is a bit over 40% when averaging out all the years of the war). If the Allied bombings of Germany had no effect on them then why would they keep increasing the percentage of their economy they were spending on their air defenses? That is GDP that could have been used on other things to help fight back the USSR and the Allies when they land in Italy and France.
And then we also should take into account the de-housing of the German population and the use of German medical facilities on civilians as hurting the German war effort as well. Every time Germans have to rebuild, relocate or give medical treatment to civilians in hospitals that is hurting the German war effort. I'm not saying that bombing civilians on purpose is a noble and good way to win a war. But we can say it is a bad thing to do as well as a effective way to end a war as well, rather then ignore obvious ways the bombing hurt the German war effort.
it looks awful dark in there.
You sure you don't need a Torch?
first thing I thought of when I heard the intro, went straight to the comments to check if you clarified it, great!
@@PhillyPhanVinny Of course murdering civilians in Germany hurts the german war effort. But murdering british civilians hurts the british war effort and murdering soviet civilians hurts the soviet war effort. It's not nearly the most effective strategy and I'm not even sure that the cost in planes was worth the damage the raids specifically directed against civilians did.
@@PhillyPhanVinny i recall that the bombing of their synfuels plants and oil refineries had quite a lot to do with their eventual defeat.
Imagine planning an assassination for months...
And then the gun jams when you're past the point of no return.
Yeah, they REALLY should have given them a different gun. Stens were, even at the time, known for jamming like crazy. Most soldiers didn´t have a very high opinion of the weapon. On the other hand, it was easy to conceal.
Supposedly, anyone trained to handle a gun should be able to clear the vast majority of malfunctions almost immediately. In real life, practically no human being can do so under the stress.
at least they had a plan B
@@kevinbrown4073 Yeah, and screwed that up as well. As Spartacus says in the video, the anti-tank grenade actually missed. They were lucky that the shrapnel wounds were serious enough to eventually kill Heydrich. He could easily have survived.
Maybe they should have given him a Chicago Typewriter....
Maybe not.
heydrich was probably the smartest official in the third reich yet still silly enough to drive with an open roof with no security but a driver in an occupied capital
smart nazi always seems to prove itself an oxymoron
more arrogant than silly... he thought that czechs would never attempt any form of assassination on him not to mention he was about to departure to France to deal with their resistance....
Hitler thought he failed to take enough precautions. Heydrich's behaviour was probably a mixture of arrogance and fatalism.
The film "Anthropoid" has one of the underground mentioning that he was sometimes accompanied by an armoured car, and probably the anti-tank grenade was intended for use on the armoured car if it was present.
Arrogance helps you drop your guard
@@jovjerrr Heydrich was not a Nazi, or rather, he was one because they had power and could afford him a career; had Germany been ruled by communists, he would have been a communist. His career shows a ruthless and cold opportunist. In fact he reminds me of Putin in that respect.
As for the open car, he believed the resistance broken (which it was almost), and that the population liked his lenient policy towards them as long as they cooperated (the iron fist in the velvet glove). Was he right? Good question; the retaliation sealed Czechoslovakian resistance.
The most telling part of the story of the Operation Anthropoid is that local Czech resistance that supported the agents strongly expressed their opposition to the operation (because of the expected orgy of reprisals). They asked Czechoslovak government in the Exile several times to call off the operation .
But when it was decided that the operation goes forward anyway, the local resistance went along and continued with the logistical support of the operation.
Full knowing that not only them, but also their wide families will be wiped out in expected and inevitable roundups, torture, confessions and orgy of reprisals. Not sure how to call this level determination.
Unimaginable these days!
Enter Karel Čurda ...
Not everybody in resistance was against the assassination. Czech resistance was split. Some parts of Sokol resistance was even pressing for the assassination.
Important is the heroism of ordinary Czechs who resisted the brutal oppression and supported Kubis and Gabcik.
'Tis always thus. Which is wiser--to poke the beast and make it back up and rethink things, or will poking it provoke an apocalypse? There will never be a consensus.
All of them would've been killed anyway as Heydrich was going to kill all the Czechs and replace them with Germans. He call Czechs vermin.
@@mrsmucha He wouldn't have. Who would work for the "master race" then?
thanks for this episode. i´m from slovakia and we, czechs and slovaks, are proud of the deeds of gabcik and kubis. i feel honoured by this tribute to these two heroes at this channel. especially when there is no f*cking word in the slovak media concerning this anniversary this day...
I feel you. On the 4th of may we remember the fallen and on the 5th we celebrate our freedom. Extreem left hijacked both and are making it "inclusive", makes me want to puke.
The Netherlands btw*
@@TheSuperhoden hopefully, it will be rectified next year on the 80th anniversary. Then again, how much does the Slovak government want to discuss the war? Most of Czechia was annexed or occupied by the Nazis. Slovakia was run by collaborators, including a priest who is celebrated by some.
I can't believe that some are defending Tiso. www.wilsoncenter.org/event/no-saint-jozef-tiso-and-the-holocaust-slovakia
@@ronmaximilian6953 this isn´t the issue of the (or any) slovak government, it´s the matter of public awareness. media rather cover absurdities from the politic life and ice hockey than keep remembering the past. the slovak state during WWII was quite unpopular amongst the slovaks and the soldiers even proved unreliable during the invasion of the soviet union. the real attitude of the slovaks towards their puppet regime was best shown by the slovak national uprising in 1944 when the army and people mutinied against germany. the puppet regime survived only thanks to strong german backing while the uprising was crushed, followed by drastic reprisals. after the war the slovaks were happy having their czechoslovakia back. yes and there are still some puny existences defending tiso. fortunately, they are quite few.
I think everyone here is grateful of Gabčík and Kubiš :) So sorry they were hunted down afterwards :(
"The juggernaut of death that has been let loose on the world is too heavy and has too much momentum to be halted by the elimination of one individual driving it all, no matter how central that perpetrator is." Very true, very terrifying.
"The steamroller of hate and destruction is on a downhill role, and there is little mankind can do except throw itself in its way to at least start breaking its pace." Chills, I want to steal this line for my dystopian novel.
Lol, individuals. How many individuals were voting for Hitler, just cause he made an absurd theory that everyone is to blame but the Germans. Politicians are a reflection of societies. It was obvious that Germans would be bitter after WWI. They needed a proper occupation to suppress the mass driving it all.
The theory that individuals drive it all is the basis to the theory that individual Jews control the world. There is no individual in national socialist and Hitler would be removed as well if he changed his views. Kind of like Beria was in USSR.
Yeah, it's excellent writing. These episodes are always so crazy. Have to be watched though if you're ever going to really understand this period in all it's complexity. Spartacus is a good man. He gives people the dignity they deserve.
@@GravesRWFiA I bellieve that the ancirent greek word for hope (elpis) as used in th oriinalm polem by Hesiod noun ( whereas elpizo is the verb to hope ) also means expectation. .
So possibly our ecxpectation outr unique human ab ility to experience time but still be fre to recal and to plan can cause despair when we see aklll the evils in the wolrlsd?
certainly Zeus sengtfevrythibg in the jara a punidshment so hope has to be as neggative somegghow a subtle vindictive nasty one. o fit a subtle, vindictive nasty Zeus (ducks)
I'm no greek scholar
@@Paciat Individua;ls were influenced by mass propaganda by brannd new means audio and cinema.
We are all Individuals - I'm not
as one might say.
@@brucebartup6161I was influenced, so Im innocent. What a twisted logic.
Hitler would be no one without the people. He didnt own radio stations nor newspapers till he got enough support from the people. If people are not ashamed for leaders that they choose, ashamed that they voted without having enough knowledge to see thru the lies (or rather half truths) , they will keep doing it.
The Lady Justice statue in the background is new. Nice touch.
It’s was quite fun to play around with the shadows - felt fitting for an episode when Heydrich gets a taste of his own medicine.
As the same time, these episodes make me feel that justice simply does not exist. Just so many horrific acts of brutality commited by every nation and every ideology.
@@spartacus-olsson Very nicely done, it does add a bit of food for thought! Great work as always!
@@jeflha The outcome of the war was proof of justice. Real life isn't a good guy dressed in white vs a bad guy dressed in black. It's light grey vs dark grey. If a man discovers the cure to cancer tomorrow [assuming that the world government's would allow such a cure to be made public given the billions in hospital costs that the treatment makes] but he, for example, hits his wife, we acknowledge his heroism and contribution to humanity but also his cruelty towards his wife. None of us are perfect. The allies were fighting for a just cause and won the war against the greater evil but yes, civilians were fire bombed to help achieve the victory. Light grey is always better than dark grey.
@@HebrewsElevenTwentyFive Maybe, but the actions of the allies in the aftermath of the war shows that justice was not their main cause. For example, the wehrmacht's chief of staff, Adolf Heuzinger, was never put on trial for war crimes, and instead was made a top man in the West German Bundeswehr, and later became the chairman of the NATO Military Committee. He was among many high ranking Nazi war criminals that the western powers integrated into their governments and militaries, proving that, although they fought against the nazis, the West had no real interest in the de-nazification of Europe. I don't think the survivors of the holocaust and all the other victims of the Nazi regime would call that justice.
"From the standpoint of higher moral principles the murder of a tyrant is not a crime!" - the last line from movie Higher principle. The story of the film deal with aftermath of Heydrich assassination from standpoint of professor and his students and the line is spoken by the protagonist professor Málek to his students in defience of german orders to deliver a lecture warning his students against the mockery of Heydrich.
Heydrich's assassination kind of sounds like Franz Ferdinand. It sounds like everyone has crazy luck too. The assassins' guns jam and Heydrich is apparently a bad shot.
A scary image and atrocious policies doesn't necessarily mean competence at doing anything yourself anyway, that's why in the end, these kinds of thugs can't govern.
@@OllamhDrab I understand Heydrich was dishonorably discharged from the interwar Navy for, basically, incompetent management of his love life (my words). Then he bounced around for a while until finally running into Himmler and basically flimflamed his way into a hot job with the SS. Apparently Himmler couldn't stop a fraud either!
Duchess Sophie was an innocent woman. Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a deeply flawed man, who was trying to reform the empire to make it more just for all its citizens. Reinhard Heydrich was a monster.
@@hannahskipper2764 Heydrich's job interview with Himmler was bizarre. His only knowledge of running a national police state was gained from reading pulp detective novels. Himmler in the end hired him because of his Aryan features.
Heydrich ends up dying from septicemia poisoned by horse hair stuffing from the car seat upholstery. Septicemia is a horrific sickness.
Hitler: „I survived 42 assassination attempts.“
Castro: „ Amateur“.
Heydrich: "Wait you guys survived assasination attempts?"
How many attempts did Castro end up surviving? I know people give ridiculous numbers because they include all plots, even ones that were discarded, but I’m wondering how many times people actually tried to kill him lol
@@tyler1107 i think 60.
I have 3 attempts
Does that include the Time Travelers?
tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/HitlersTimeTravelExemptionAct
Frank's got a hell of a title there: "Governor-General of the Generalgouvernement"
Love the use of the partial "reap the whirlwind" quote that Arthur Harris used in his televised speech about the blitz that Spartacus uses to refer to Heydrich.
Bomber losses were reduced proportionately with the increase in number of bombers, on the 1000 plane raid. The defences were overwhelmed and the RAF took this as sign of the way forward
The Germans are definitely reaping that whirlwind
Two years later, on the 1st of February 1944 Franz Kutschera ("The Butcher of Warsaw"), was shot to death by Polish resistance in a similar street execution.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Kutschera
Nice
This does put a smile on my face!
Wilhelm Kube, the German governor of occupied Belarus, was killed by a bomb hidden in his mattress in September 1943.
@peter michalski Haha I love when people like you show up in the comments with your PragerU diploma acting like you know anything, communist nations have always killed in spite of their idealogy, nowhere does it say communism needs to kill people, its not even comparable to Nazism.
I have a sneaking suspicion you were quite sad hearing about your hero Heydrich getting killed this episdoe.
@Fabian Kirchgessner Good thing I didnt bring up Stalinism once then, neither did you until just now, blanketing Stalinsm, Marxist Leninism, Marxism, Communism, and the thousand other branches of Marx's ideas is a complete bad faith argument against communism.
Also, fascism by its definition is ultranationalistic, I suggest you do some reading on political theory because you genuinely seem like you have good intentions but have been mislead.
Fascism (/ˈfæʃɪzəm/) is a form of far-right, authoritarian ultranationalism[1][2] characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and of the economy,[3] which came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe
If you haven't already. Check out the film Anthropiod. With Jamie Dornan and Cillian Murphy. It's an excellent film.
There is another good one called The man with the Iron heart
@@stc3145 The man with the Iron heart is completly historically inaccurate. As a Czech who knows almost everything about Operation Anthropoid, I was suffering a lot during watching this movie :(
The best is Atentát from 60's ;)
@@OndruleCZ Its entertaning. To learn history hollywood movies are not a great source
Check out Atentát (The Assassination) (1964). The names are changed, but the film itself is great. And it's Czech.
You have to admire poor Spartacus; I mean, covering all this has to take a toll on your mental health. Please, Sparti, take care of yourself. We really appreciate your work.
Greetings from Czechia, I am really glad you made episode about this, it's one of the things that shows that we did not just capitulated to germans after munich conference 🇨🇿
The video also mentions Heydrich, after the attack, was attended to and given help by passing pedestrians. WTF?
@@Simonsvids well if they did not help they would have go to concentration camps, if not killed right away
Notice that the scales of justice tipped in the background.
Profoundly amazing episode.
Shout out to Jozef Gabcik! I’m from the same village. He has a small memorial in the village.🇸🇰🇸🇰🇸🇰
That's cool
I went there this summer to meet his relative and light up a candle+2borivicky na Jozka🪖🇨🇿🇸🇰❤️
🫡🇸🇰
There is a great movie, "Operation Daybreak" (1975) about deactivating the Heydrich creature.
It's highly inaccurate though. I recommend Anthropoid from 2016 or even more accurate Atentát from 60's made entirely by Czechs.
Was expecting Operation Anthropoid for quite a while, thank you guys for covering it. Sometimes I wonder if this assassination would have made things better or worse for the people of Czechoslovakia, given the subsequent retaliation from the Germans.
It was a pointless endeavour, as Heydrich would have wound up being hanged at Nuremberg anyway (or committing suicide in 1945).
Ikr, whether operation Andropoid was a good thing or a mistake is still kind of a matter of discussion given the consequences. I wonder if Spartacus raises that question as well in next WoH episode (and I hope he will).
@@petebondurant58 Well it has proven to the Allies that we are willing to fight, even though we've fought in Africa and in the skies of Britain before, we were still on thin ice, if Anthropoid didn't happen we could have ended up without the Sudetenland.
@@danorott If Operation Anthropoid hadn't occurred, nothing would have been any different, except a few thousand Czechs would have survived the war, and Heydrich would have been in the dock at Nuremberg. It was a foolhardy venture.
Disclaimer: I’m a Slovak so I’m biased. Here’s my honest opinion though.
Anthropoid was worth it. It showed resistance and determination and is the opposite of passivity. Heydrich ordered many people to be executed. The Czechoslovak government in exile and the resistance had to do something. This was not really an assasination but a military operation. Heydrich was a SS military officer after all. That makes him a target. Yeah the Nazis did awful reprisals after the operation and it is easy to say now that had the operation not taken plce less people would have died but in fact there is ni guarantee of that. Chances are actually that Heydrich would have directly ordered even more people to be executed or sent to camps. Plus the horrible reprisals show the actual truth of the horrible crimes that the Nazis were capable of and the assasination doesn’t excuse them. When you are occupied you can’t be passive but must show your resistance. Reprisals which were crimes against humanity are never excusable. If you are passive cuz you are afraid that the aggressor will be even more agressive you have already lost your honor and your valor and courage and values.
My father was a student of one of the leaders of the local Czechoslovakian resistance (a Czech man named Vladimir Krajina), who personally met with these assassins in his efforts to have the assassination called off. He believed that the reprisals for such an overt form of resistance would bring an end to effective resistance in Czechoslovakia, and indeed, it was the reprisals and subsequent crackdowns that brought an end to his organization. (I use "Czechoslovakian" because that's the term my source, a biography of Vladimir Krajina written by the son of a fellow member of the resistance, used. It didn't make any distinctions between Czech and Slovak, so, not having the resources to check on the membership of Krajina's organization, I'm assuming at least one Slovak was a member.)
The reprisals were of absurd disproportion - one of the criteria used, once the assassins Gabčík and Kubiš had been identified and executes, was anyone who has the same first name. With such a wide net cast, it was inevitable that they would find some of Krajina's resistance members with things like radio equipment, and from there they started dismantling the organization. Krajina himself was eventually captured by the SS, though he and his family, along with a handful of other individuals, were granted a degree of clemency: imprisonment as special captives of Heydrich's replacement. Ironically, at the end of the war, the SS officer leading the group that captured Krajina would go on to surrender to him. (Presumably this is a part of the broad trend of Germans preferring to surrender to anyone but the Soviets.)
I like these pauses after certain information, they make the mood even more serious and make you think.
[SPOILER]
I hope that assasination of Kutschera will be covered in a similar way to Heydrich's one.
Indeed, the pauses are dramatic. But almost invavriably they are followed by his voice's downward trajectory and softening volume until the end of the sentence. This, too, is dramatic but does little to communicate to the audience his point because it is lost in his softening voice. Grrrr!
Getting a very mid-century vibe from this tie, pretty nice. 3.5/5
Perfect tie I’d give it 5/7.
Why not 5?
His whole suit is nice
Looks incredibly well made & great fit
Gianni? What are you doing here? I didn't know that you rated Spartacus' ties as well. Now I have to look for your comments on WAH episodes too I guess.
@@nygothuey6607 I'm like a ninja, you'll never know where you can find me
The fact that Reinhard was most likely going to be the Hitlers Heir makes the assassination one of not just revenge but of later importance to keeping the war short.
Would it have made a difference if Reinhard wasn’t assassinated?
@@tigertank06 😖 Why ask such a ridiculous question? Understand just how brutal a person Heydrich was, then decide whether he should be assassinated. Consider also why AH sent him to Prague, away from Berlin. Was it because RH was thought to be a serious threat to AH, as RH commanded units of the SS? Ambition and vanity are easily linked with murder when the prize was so great.
@@sirmeowthelibrarycat It’s not a ridiculous question. Maybe I wasn’t clear: had Reinhard not been assassinated, would it have made any difference in the outcome of the war seeing as how the allies still won.
@@tigertank06 it might made a difference to the LEGHT of the war if the Reich leadership made ‘better’ decisions with the help of somebody like RH
I doubt that. This monster was overrated, I dont believe he would be a threat to Hitler nor have influence over him. The war would be the same it was.
The narrative of assassination scene got me on toes and thrilled. The map helped to recreate that scene in my mind, but I think if it's possible for the next small scenes like this is to make a simple stick-man like animation for better visual recreation of a scene.
Never forget.
The last two videos have been brutal.... Thank you for sharingntpur information with all of us, always. We appreciate it, even when it's hard to watch.
The suit with its color and the tie and the rest of the set with the shadow of a bomber, they all create what I feel like is the perfect atmosphere for this series. Learning of the worst crimes of human history and their effect on people in the moment; and letting all those numbers sink in with the pauses...horrifying, yet fascinating. I don't even know if I'm using the right words, or what words I *could* use
Just...thank you for doing this. And I know you don't intend on stopping, but I feel like I have to say it anyway: please don't stop doing this.
My great grandfather was the co-pilot for this mission, Maxwell K Hohernzollern. He was a German SOE pilot
Big respect for excellent pronunciation of Czechoslovak names.👏🇨🇿🇸🇰
This is my favorite episode. Love the idea of Covert Operations behind enemy lines.
Thank you Timeghost!
This series is so important, more so today than probably ever before. Never forget.
I like the sombre lighting on the set. Dramatic and effective.
I was so engaged, I forgot to "thumbs up" the video. I've learned more from this channel, than a lifetime of scattered courses has taught me.
Czech heroes. Us Brits have long wrung our National hands about the bombing campaign against German cities. 100's of thousands of civilians killed, 47% of Brit aircrew killed. My mum who's 87 was travelling to Victoria station London by train 2 years ago. An old boy, a German tourist suddenly reached forward and took her hand said "I'm sorry, we weren't very nice to you." She smiled back and said "well we weren't very nice to you either, it's ok...." I'm glad they had that moment. War is Hell.
This is the most outstanding presentation of detail on Heydrich's injuries ever delivered. Have read several books on the subject, 2 movies and none have explained exactly what happened during the attack on the SS leader this clearly. Heroic stand by czech commandos betrayed by former friend dooms Heydrich's attackers, but what courage those 3 displayed!
Good video. Very informative, Sparty.
Was waiting for this event and I'm glad that you guys gave it an entire episode, I remember I was really thrilled when i read that this had happened and justice had been done, the feeling didn't last much though when i read what happened in the aftermath..
The Heydrich assassination and its aftermath are portrayed in "Attentat 1942," an excellent history lesson cleverly disguised as a video game.
Thank you, Spartacus, this was very informative and entertaining. You are a born lecturer.
You know you're a blight on humanity when Slayer writes a song about you, "SS-3".
Thank you for such good videos that give an accurate historical rendering of what actually happened.
Your work is outstanding. I am impressed. These series should be obligatory for high school students all around the world.
Note: the Czechoslovak agents were not 'SOE agents'. The Czechoslovak organization managing and planning these operations and agents were not part of the SOE.
They got 'technical support' and training from SOE, but the operations were planned independently and outside of SOE/british command.
Anthropoid is very fitting for Heydrich because while he certainly is human-like, there is nothing human about that man
Just a little correction, Jozef Gabčík was ethnically Slovak, not Czech but other than that great video :)
See the pinned comment
@@WorldWarTwo oh now I see, thank you, and love from Slovakia
His mother was Czech ;)
Town in Slovakia is named after Gabcik. True heroes Kubis and Gabcik.
@@skot8692 Viva La Slovaque
When I visited Prague a few years ago the first thing I did was go to the church and place flowers in the crypt where these brave men hid out until the end. Peace to their souls and never ever forget.
Operation Anthropoid is a perfect code name for that operation. After all, Heydrich was a talented fencer, and avid horseman, a virtuoso violinist... ..You could even say, he almost resembled a human being.
'"[...] Gabčík and Kubiš, both of them ethnic Czechs"
...in fact no - rotmistr Josef (or Jozef) Gabčík was Slovak!
So they were both Czechoslovakians or Czech and Slovak.
Read the pinned comment
Czechoslovak bracho🍻🙌
"Extermination factories" just the word send chills through my bones... no doubt one of the darkest chapters in human history
Great episode, as usual.
A few years ago, there was an epinomous movie made about Operation Anthropoid. Detlef Bothe is a dead ringer for Heydrich.
He resembles him although he looked rather older than the real Heydrich, who was in his late 30s when he died.
Thank you. Please keep them coming. By telling and re-telling we keep the memory alive. Perhaps we keep an evil like this at bay
It's easy to focus on the important events and miss these failed attempts. Any succeeded action could have failed too and you never new the outcome beforehand. These actions truly required balls of steel
You're in for a surprise next week.
The fact that it was successful too showed how truly powerful these men were. No matter what shot back at them, both literally and figuratively, they didn't go down without a fight
Appreciate the great effort at correct pronunciation! Well done.
On may 26th 1941, nazi officials in Zagreb rounded up all of the members of the university on the maksimir stadium and ordered all of the jews to be separated. As an act of solidarity, everyone crossed over to the designated section. The officials responded with brutal beatings and mass arrests
@Fabian Kirchgessner and are ordering soldiers to beat said children
It amazes me that some historical figures were blessed with avoiding life ending threats.
Don't worry, he died a week later
Mussolini too survived a very similar attack in 1926, made by Gino Lucetti
@@olseneudezet1 It's what happens next what is infamous
Amazing Gabcek and Kunis. True hero's.
This Churchill's original speech caught me off-guard.
At 16:44 - the V on the tram may be part of a propaganda campaign. The British had a "V for victory" message, with the radio signal dot-dot-dot-dash, Morse code for "V", and the Germans tried to neutralise it by saying V stood for German victory on all fronts. They put Vs on trains and possibly also trams, like here.
Thanks for listing the dates year in most of the photos.
I'm honestly amazed that Nazi surgeons could save someone with a ruptured right lung, spleen, and diaphragm, in addition to a punctured liver, and lots of tiny car fragments shot into his body....
I think even a modern trauma unit may struggle with injuries so severe!
Is it wrong that I'm sorta glad he survived, so at least he suffered a bit longer? 🙄
(although still not nearly enough to compensate for all the evil he enabled/unleashed)
@@MrNicoJac 😖 You have misunderstood what followed the attack on Heydrich. He did not survive his injuries or the septicaemia that spread through his body. Never Forget.
@@sirmeowthelibrarycat
No, I'm well aware that he died of sepsis.
(still a fate too kind for someone like him)
But I'd expect a ruptured diaphragm and lung could theoretically kill you within just a few minutes - if it greatly diminished your ability to breathe.
And even if you survived that, missing your spleen and losing some liver function aren't that great either.
Heydrich eventually died because the surgeons probably didn't remove all of the car/uniform pieces. (I doubt they failed to disinfect their equipment)
But that he lived long enough to develop sepsis is remarkable of its own.
I wonder if penicillin would have saved his life? The Germans had sulpha drugs but even on the Allied side penicillin did not start to come in until 1944, and initially it was in small quantities and limited to wounded officers. A British major badly wounded at Monte Cassino in that year mentioned receiving it and he pulled through but as he grimly noted, "other ranks died."
There's a great novel by Laurent Binet called HHhH (German initials referring to the phrase, H*tler's Brain is named Heidrich) that goes over the events of Arthropoid. That's how I knew, among other things, that the Brits intentionally selected a Czech and a Slovak for the mission. It's a great postmodern novel and worth a read or listen in French or English.
Spartacus always has some awesome ties , hes a real dapper dan
Thank you - Spartacus
PS - Yes Ma'am, It's Dapper Dan is my pomade brand ;-)
@@WorldWarTwo funny enough i was just saying dapper dan as a figure of speech lol but ok cool lol
I remember watching a movie about it and I liked it. I hoped that this channel would make a video about it and I am happy that they did. :))))
Really wanted to comment on this, having visited Lidice today with the memory still very fresh in my mind
So to start I am Czech, I've been living here for all of my life so far and finally got the opportunity to visit Lidice since my school was managing the trip there.
I am having hard time finding the right words to express my feelings from that place, right after getting there I felt really unsettled by the fact I am standing close to where the village used to be (for those who don't know next to where the original village stood they built New Lidice after the war for returning survivors).
The feeling of walking through where the first houses were, seeing remnants of the farmhouse where all of the men were killed, seeing where the pond used to be (now only grass) shook me to the bone, connecting the historical images with where I was standing is just...
Nazis really tried to delete this village from the map, completely. As mentioned the pond was erased from existence, the entire terrain changed (for example the ground around where used to be a church was 2 meters above the original height), course of the stream was changed, the entire place was mined to hell..tragedy just nothing but awful tragedy
I cried so many times today, there was no other way I could react to how I was feeling. I cried for the families split apart, for the children, for the mothers coming back after war and finding out that their husbands, children, dads, grandfathers, their village..are all gone
I am devastated by this visit, but this is one of the places that has to be remembered, one of the places that we can't forget. We need to keep the memory of those who suffered under Naziism alive, Never forget..
Hussitismus Thank you for sharing your experience & reflections from Lidice today, it was quite moving to read. It is imperative to remember & consider these events specifically to prevent their happening again. We must remember them as it's the only honorable way to treat the victims. Thank you for going there and bringing your feelings here.
I was also expecting to hear about the "Lidice Massacre" since it is also connected with the assasination.
12:30 "Precise and executed with deadly precision"
Profoundly precise pervert! D:
I recommend Alan Burgess' near 60-year old "Seven Men at Daybreak: The True Story of the Assassination of Heydrich", it was a great and informal book, which was well written.
Julius Fučík, a Czech Communist arrested about five weeks earlier, managed to keep a diary in prison with the help of sympathetic guards. Held in Prague's Pankrac prison, he noted that word had got around about an "assassination attempt on Heydrich. Martial law declared in Prague". Later prisoners were taken out of jail by the SS, a number severely beaten, including Fučík himself, by SS troops who were "avenging Heydrich" and also many were taken off to the firing range at Kobylisy on the outskirts of Prague to be shot.
The following year Fučík was taken off to Germany and hanged. His diary was published post-war.
Bomber Harris has some amazing badass quotes doesn't he? Do it again!
Chilling stuff to hear.
In all the to-ing and fro-ing on Bomber Command and Strategic Bombing, Harris remains a thoroughly unsympathetic character. Stubborn, narrow minded, defensive, arrogant, paranoid, and lacking in the wider compass that makes great war leaders. It makes me amazed that his aircrew respected him as much as they did (which they did).
Sir Arthur “Bankrupting Fire Insurance Since 1942” Harris
The sad thing is that even if the assassination had succeeded, the train had already been set in motion and would have just been taken over by someone else.
What a terrible series of events.
I've read claims that Heydrich's driver was an Oberscharführer
You get that sneaky suspicion that this dude would've been even more twisted than uncle Adolf if he had lived!!!
Now thats just a great title
If I want full access to all the episodes, not shared on youtube, what's the best way to do that?
Do I have to buy them individually?
For all my WW2 history friends, if you want to watch a good movie about Heydrich. Watch the man with the iron heart !
Rather movie "anthropoid" man with the iron heart is realy inacurate
I've seen it and it's a good documentary! There is also another movie call SS Portrait of evil!
There was an American WW2 film about him, called "Hangmen Also Die". It was based on a story by Bertolt Brecht. Brecht and Heydrich had one thing in common - in each case, one parent was Protestant, the other Catholic.
A great video, but wasn't Gabčík Slovak rather than Czech ? He certainly was born in Slovakia at least.
He was. But I think, many people of that era would rather think of themselves as Czechoslovaks.
@@2plus3is4 Czechoslovakism is quite a complex topic. As the Notion of both people being in fact just one people was the cause of much strife between Czechs and Slovaks in the interwar era. Oficially Gabčík was surely labeled as Czechoslovak as were all Czechs and Slovaks.
We will be exchanging the video file to fix that. Embarrassing mistake that is totally my fault.
@@spartacus-olsson It’s really great to see how you put extra work on keeping the quality of your videos as high as possible. I can’t imagine many channels changing the whole video just to fix one rather minor mistake.
@@spartacus-olsson thank you, Sparty (and team). Perhaps an overlay text would be enough, if changing the video file could break the comments etc.
I've often wondered what someone as gifted as Heydrich would have been capable of if he hadn't chosen Nazism.
He was apparently a talented musician and a good fencer. He was one of the few leading Nazis I would call a high-flier - another was Albert Speer.
It has to be remembered that for every gun, shell, fighter aircraft, drop of fuel and serviceman Germany expended in defending against the Western Allies air offensive over Germany, was not being used to hold back 'our gallant Soviet Allies'. The bomber offensives by the RAF and the USAAF worked, but not in the way it was thought it would.
when you said 2,560 commercial and industrial buildings demolished, does that include military industry?
One minor correction which others may have pointed out - Jozef Gabcik was ethnic Slovak, not Czech. Other than that, thank you for another interesting WW2 video. Also nice timing making this go public on 27th
Thank you. Re. Ethnicity, see the pinned comment
M
Hot damn, my boy Sparty's lookin sharp with that fresh cut 👌
There is another error. Kubis and Gabcik did not parachute in with a support team. The two other groups of parachutists who were dropped that night had their own missions. The groups did not even know each other's missions. To go in with a support group is ludicrous - it would have severely compromised the security of the mission.
I think a more fitting metaphor for the end would be a Hydra. Heydrich (Not intended that it sounds similar) is just one head of the Hydra of Inhumanity. Cut it off and there will be another. Also, i know this might be inappropriate but Heydrichs reaction is badass. Like at the Assassination of Franz Ferdinand the driver threw out the bomb sure, thats already interesting. But standing up and firing back, thats like a stereotypical villain move
Great episode. Gabčík and Kubiš were really brave. There is a good movie about the operation, it's called "Anthropoid".
SPOILER
One of the other parachutists, named Curda, turned traitor.
Did you know that it was the first use of a sten gun and it jammed , also too the car interior I believed had for the cushions horse hair , also too the car heydrich had still survives
The images and footage is getting better and better. Although this is a... Very negative subject, it is amazing to see footage of Hitler so clear, pictures of lost souls, it was all real. And it looks so real. We will NEVER forget.
Its really unbelievable how often monsters in human disguise survive attacks due to sheer luck
Hey WW2, what books about the Holocaust would you most suggest reading to get an understanding of it?
look for (older) used history books, sometimes can find them on ebay or at tag sales.. Or Our library once a year has a big sale on old books for a 1$ a book.
You could start with this en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Holocaust It contains a good bibliography. I would recommend Saul Friedlander Years of Extermination: Nazi Germany And The Jews 1939-1945
"This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen" by Tadeusz Borowski is a good place to start, if you want an idea of what Auschwitz was like day-to-day.
Very interesting episode!
Allow me to ask; Will be there any special info about how the world Allies later reacted on Lidice massacre? I've read some articles on Wikipedia and it seems that this horrifying nazi-revenge for Heydrich death had literally a world impact.
Way l wait for the next two episodes - we’re in May here still.
it was the first time the Nazis themselves advertised their deeds of this kind(extermination of whole villages) - so it was a massively useful new material for the Allied propaganda. (in fact on soviet occupied territories it was ‘standard’ but naturally nazis did not ‘advertised’ ) So that is why Lidice had such an impact in 1942
@@letecmig Yeah! I was surprised how many reaction there were mentioned. That a lot of cities changed their name to Lidice and there were also some movement "Lidice shall live". I am from Czech Republic and I know the history but didn't knew the Lidice incident was known all around the globe.
@@delaverano yap, in 1942, the mass killings of civilians of this kind was a completely “new shocking thing” although there were information on this from the SU, but without witnesses , photos etc..... so Lidice reall was simething completely new frim the ‘media perspective’. And the Allies used it.
@@letecmig Yes, they didn't hide what they were doing.
Looking smart! I wasn't ready for tears today, but so be it.
Hi, are you guys going to talk about the Edelweiss Pirates?
Just a small detail - Gabčík and Kubiš were both on the right side of the road.
Last time I was in Prague, I see the church where Kubis and Gabcik were killed, very mooving
Commenting to help promote this video in the youtube algorithm before they block it. NEVER FORGET!!!!
Where was Herrmann Meyer's Air Force during the bombing of Cologne?
Night fighters and flak downed 43 bombers (the Germans claimed to have got 44) but basically the defences were overwhelmed.
Bravo, Spartacus. Odd tho, was the country Czechoslovakia at that time? Czechia, as a nation, was born-rather divorced- in 1993. None the less, well prepared, organized, and presented episode. Bravi.
First of all thank you. Sparty uses Czechia as a bridge to avoid the, in 2021 less comprehensible, wordy, cumbersome, and tainted by Nazi propaganda “Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.” While only in official use since 93, the name Czechia for roughly this region has been in use since the Middle Ages.
Oh and the fact that Slovakia existed as an independent political state at the time makes it hard to say Czechoslovakia without simply being wrong.
Heydrich is a recurring character in the late, great Philip Kerr’s Bernie Gunther novels. Though fiction, Kerr goes to great lengths to dig out the lesser known aspects of the Nazi elect and their callous evil. I cannot recommend them too highly, especially ‘Prague Fatale’ a classic locked room mystery with a group of high ranking Nazis as the suspects... the ending will chill your blood.
If it gets cancelled, I still have managed to see the first draft.
Arthur Harris fell into the WW1 trap trying to avoid the slaughter of the trenches, that 1 more big push would bring about the end of the war. He was resistant against bombing military targets. He also starved Coastal Command of the long rang planes they needed for convoy protection to close the air gap.