Optimized Fertilizer Plan for Cotton: Nitrogen Splits and Essential Nutrients |Cyber Agri Extension

Key Principles:
Split Application of Nitrogen: To ensure a steady supply of nitrogen throughout the growth stages, preventing excessive vegetative growth and improving nutrient use efficiency.
Application of Potash (K) and Sulphur (S): Essential for early sown cotton to support root development, flowering, and boll formation.
Fertilizer Recommendations
1. Pre-Planting
Soil Testing: Conduct a soil test to determine baseline nutrient levels and pH. Amend soil accordingly.
Organic Amendments: Apply well-decomposed compost or manure (10-20 tons/ha) to improve soil structure and fertility.
2. Basal Application (At Sowing)
Phosphorus (P): Apply 40-60 kg/ha of P₂O₅ to support root development and early growth.
Potassium (K): Apply 40-60 kg/ha of K₂O to enhance root development, drought tolerance, and disease resistance.
Sulphur (S): Apply 20-30 kg/ha of sulphur to ensure proper enzyme function and protein synthesis.
3. Nitrogen (N) Application (Split Doses)
First Dose (At Sowing): Apply 1/4 of the total nitrogen requirement. Typically, the total nitrogen recommendation is 100-150 kg/ha. Thus, apply 25-37.5 kg/ha at sowing.
Second Dose (4-6 Weeks After Sowing): Apply another 1/4 of the total nitrogen requirement.
Third Dose (At First Square Formation): Apply 1/4 of the total nitrogen requirement.
Fourth Dose (At First Bloom): Apply the remaining 1/4 of the total nitrogen requirement.
4. Additional Fertilizer Applications
Mid-Season (During Flowering and Boll Formation):
Potassium: Apply an additional 20-30 kg/ha of K₂O to support boll development and improve fiber quality.
Micronutrients: Foliar application of micronutrients such as zinc (Zn), boron (B), and manganese (Mn) if deficiencies are observed. Apply a foliar spray of 0.2-0.5% zinc sulfate and 0.1-0.2% boron solution.
Example Fertilizer Application Schedule:
Pre-Planting:
Compost/Manure: 10-20 tons/ha
At Sowing:
Nitrogen: 25-37.5 kg/ha
Phosphorus: 40-60 kg/ha of P₂O₅
Potassium: 40-60 kg/ha of K₂O
Sulphur: 20-30 kg/ha
4-6 Weeks After Sowing:
Nitrogen: 25-37.5 kg/ha
At First Square Formation:
Nitrogen: 25-37.5 kg/ha
At First Bloom:
Nitrogen: 25-37.5 kg/ha
Mid-Season (Flowering and Boll Formation):
Potassium: 20-30 kg/ha
Micronutrient Foliar Spray: Apply zinc and boron if needed
Best Practices:
Irrigation: Ensure consistent soil moisture, particularly during flowering and boll formation, to support nutrient uptake and reduce stress.
Weed Control: Maintain a weed-free field to minimize competition for nutrients.
Pest and Disease Management: Regularly monitor and manage pests and diseases to prevent stress that can impact nutrient uptake and plant health.
Foliar Feeding: Use foliar sprays of balanced nutrients to address any deficiencies promptly.
By following this fertilizer plan, cotton farmers can optimize nutrient management, promote healthy plant growth, and achieve better yields and fiber quality. Regular monitoring and adjustments based on specific field conditions and crop responses will help ensure the best outcomes.
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