Phonology: Intro to linguistics [Video 3]
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- čas přidán 1. 08. 2024
- Phonology is the scientific study of the grammar of speech sounds.
Every language has a different system for dividing and organizing speech sounds into phonemes, and this is really useful knowledge to have for learning to pronounce words correctly in your target language
![Morphology: Intro to Linguistics [video 4]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/oqO3zKxSeGE/mqdefault.jpg)
![Morphology: Intro to Linguistics [video 4]](/img/tr.png)
![Phonetics: Intro to linguistics [Video 2]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/GLBsvdaR_ow/mqdefault.jpg)
This is wild! All of it! The concept of phonemes and your amazing explanations from different angles, seeing people from all over the world learn linguistics at a high level for free, and the idea that this is all coming from someone who is just a short drive away! Isn't the internet amazing? I'm 19 but I just can't get over how awesome this is. Your videos were the first steps on the trail that led me to deciding to go to college for linguistics!
I'm mexican and I can't believe this guy is teaching me stuff about Spanish I didn't know. I'm wowed.
Haha thanks for the encouraging comment!
Believe is an oxymoron how can one be and leave?
I love the way that you explain so clear these concepts. Perhaps this is one característics of spoken english to express. All the world must to learn that!!!
Your explanations about the difference between phonetics, phonology, what is a phoneme are crystal clear.
I am currently doing my Delta Cambridge Module1 and have had difficulties with Phonology.....until today!!!!! Thank you SO MUCH!!!! (By the way, you look too cool for a guy interested in Linguistics!! ) Keep up the good work! We need knowledgeable people like you on CZcams!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
This series is helping me to study for my State Exam! Thank you so much!! Greetings from Czech Republic, Europe! ^^
Absolute legend, I keep cross-referencing college stuff with this and to be honest, this method of delivery suits me a lot more!
Thank you very much for sharing your knowledge. Your videos helped me a lot!
Great video, sir. I was confused about the differences/relationships between allophones, phonemes, etc. Now it's all crystal clear. Thanks much.
Samuel Kurcab glad to be of service! 😊
it was great. Even if I take the lesson, I couldn't understand but now, it's easier to understand linguistics, thank you!
Here is my go at giving a nice understanding of phonemes / what I understand.
A phoneme is an abstract term that describes the variations in the smallest possible unit that changes meaning. A phoneme can contain multiple speech sounds. If the sound within a word were to be changed to something other than what that phoneme contains, the meaning of the word would be changed.
For Example, wa- "t" - er and wa - "d" -er have the same meaning despite using different sounds to say the word. - meaning we found some variations of that phoneme. The "m" in mat and "b" in bat are two different sounds, but totally change the meaning. Those are two different phonemes.
Thank you so much for the information.I had so much learning and understanding.Just discover your channel,its really helpful.❤️❤️❤️
Hey! I'm starting to study linguistics and your videos have helped me a lot to get a proper introduction, so for that, I thank you a lot!
The only comment that I have about your spanish is the spelling in "berdad" because it's actually "verdad" and "lagata" means nothing in spanish it would be "la gata" (with a space between words) which translates in "the cat" (as I assume you already know). I'm mexican and that's why I thought it was important for the people watching the video to know the correct spelling in the original language, greetingsss :)
I had an English phonetics class at uni and my teacher actually talked about minimal pairs and phonemes. I guess we had a mix of phonetics and phonology then 😅
I never knew the difference!
by far the best explanations and easy to understand presentations. Thanks bro, you have a talent. Liked and subscribed.
Am really excited by your about Linguistics and others brancheses like Semantics, phonology ....
Brilliant channel!
You sir, are a LEGEND
Fantastic as always thank you!
dude you are saving my life , thank you so much
Really helpful .....thanks a ton for this
Thank you so much, I really enjoy watching these videos, but there's only 8 of them😢😢. Is it possible for you to make more😣?
Congratulations on your consistency and hard work!
Yes phonetics and phonologie are never taught in language class. Even if I remember when I started learning English a long long time ago back to the sixties, the English teacher introduced us with the 47 phonemes of the English. Yes I say 47 because there were 3 triphthongs in RP witch have since disappeared. Maybe a bit boring for an eleven old year ! Nowadays in France we study English phonetics and phonology at University if we choose to study this language, to be an English teacher for example. By the way almost nothing in class books about intonation or stress pattern either until University.
How have you managed to study linguistics and still speak like a child?
Nicely explained. Thank you!
The other versions of a phonem, /T/, as an example are called allophones. The aspirated T(h) or inapirated (T) are realisations of that thonem. Allophones cannot change the meaning nor the form of a word but they contribute to another sound or form of a sound.
Thank you a lot Mr. Fingmat, I really love your tutorials. Keep this serie up.
Complimentary distribution.
hey am doing a degree in English and uy short lecture vids are so simple and easy to understand as compared to our lectures.thanx
Tu pronunsacion fue muy nunca en lo poco que te escuche hablar español. I'm having some problems learning Chinese proficient because the pinyin don't help at all. Good video. Very helpful
Thank you! So useful and hopefully I will pass the exam...
What would be the best way to study Phonology? (The Terms)
What would you recommend for studying Morphology and Syntax?
I love the werewolves example it made the allophones much more easier for me as a non native speaker
Superb! :)
Thank you 🥰🥰
I'm going to study phonology in this semester but idk anything about it *lol
Thanks for making it clear 😊👌✨✨✨
very helpful!!! Thank you so much!
Great video, Aaron! Esperanto phonology is an especially interesting topic... Originally, Zamenhof intended for each phoneme to have only 1 possible allophone ("one letter, one sound"). It seems that with time the language has evolved to include some allophonic variation, but not much. The "t" in "tio" vs the "t" in "Esperanto" would be an example of this allophonic variation. Makes me wonder how these words were pronounced in 1887 - possibly "tio" with a soft t, as in Spanish "torro"?
Hi Alexa! Yeah, I think the /t/ in Esperanto is supposed to be unaspirated like in Spanish, but it's super common for English speakers to pronounce it as an aspirated [tʰ] in word initial position. Also, I believe some linguists consider the"dz" in words like "edzo" to be a single affricate rather than two separate sounds. If that's true, Esperanto would have one more phoneme than it has letters.
hello, thanks for the great video, i have a question: would the 5 phones still be considered allophones of a single phoneme /t/ if English adopted another spelling rule? I feel that they are considered the same phoneme because the 5 sounds are all spelt with a "t", but shouldn't it be intrinsic to the English language and not the English writing system?
Thank you
complementary distribution vs free variation what does it mean ?
what are phones ?
Thanks for the teaching.
What is assimilation?
Great video :)
in fact linguistic is very hard to me.but very impotant for learn language.thank you teacher
Your lectures have helped me a lot. Thank you so much for the immense effort you've put into this!
Glad you like them! I'm so happy my videos can help :)
Good video..So does the ph in the word "phone" make the "F" sound because phonology is all about sound?
The best lecture I've seen! My mother tongue is Spanish and you have taught me what I didn't know about my language! Thanks
Hi Elena! Thanks for your kind comment :)
This is awsommmmme
Ordered Peterson's book immediately!
Please what do we mean by near minimal pairs in phonology??
Is there anyway to get your slides? Thanks a million
Is it true that all pairs of long and short English vowels have different symbols?
why is that when i whisper the word "stew" i can feel the breath but not when i am normally saying "stew"
Informative and well done. And I appreciated your work with Powerpoint, which was helpful. But please listen to this and count the "UM's." Very distracting.
I got confused and perplexed since you start talking about Tony. Anyway, thank you for taking the time to give these lessons to us.
I got it now when you give examples when the t is puffy and when it is not. Now its clearer
words like [kudot] 'failures' are they allophones of the same phone?
Hi everyone I want to ask you, how many vowels actually there in English?
I know that phoneme groupings probably aren't based on the letters used when writing the words (water, betcha, stew, not, ten), but I'm really just wondering how "ɾ" and "tʃ" both ended up in the /t/ phoneme. Is it relatively subjective, and the field of phonology aims to sort out what sounds are phonemes in a given language?
Those are both actually closely related to the /t/ if you think about it.
Hm phonemes are a bit tricky for me. So for example, with the words “tad” and “dad” would the “d” and “t” be phonemes? Great video!
The words “tad” and “dad” both have 3 phonemes each. In “tad”, those phonemes are /tæd/ and in “dad”, they are /dæd/. Since the first consonant of these words is enough to change the meaning of the word, we know that these are not allophones of the same phoneme, but actually separate phonemes. But the /æ/ and the /d/ at the end of the word are also phonemes.
Your explanations are stunning! Can you clarify me this terms: phone and phoneme? Because I got confused... please.
Phon is just any sound, Phoneme is a language sound
Hi, thank you for your videos, they're very helpful! Can I just check that when you speak about the allophones in the phoneme /t/, you're referring to allophones that are exclusively used within an American accent? I'm British (and a phonology newbie) and am just wondering whether you'd use those 5 allophones in the phoneme /t/ with a British (southern) accent? As I can't think of a case where we would use the allophone [r]. Thanks :)
Hi Bryony. You’re right. Every accent will use different allophones, so this analysis only applies to some sunsets of North American English.
@@FingtamLanguages thank you very much!
I love your explanation sir! Helps me a lot especially I am student💓👍
So glad I can help! :)
This is really making me ace my next german linguistics exam lol
Do a video on distinctive features please
Glottal stop exist in some British accents and for some reasons are very popular in England with youngsters. Sorry I don't have a phonetic keyboard. But Water is pronounced wa/er. Sister
sis/er.
Particularly in a london accent.... Bu//er (butter)
Science of reading people need to see this🧐😀
Fascinating! In my NW English accent the 'ew' in stew is pronounced like 'you' and the t is pronounced 'ch' as in 'betcha'.
Haha accents are fascinating things!
Thank you sir!
Hi, thanks for this great video! But I still don't understand why we have the concept of allophone at al. If we have different IPAs to transcribe them, as you did in the video, why don't we just recognize them as different phonemes?
.
I thought IPA is a tool to eliminate the opacity of some spelling systems such as English. But the existence of allophones means that the phoneme /t/ itself doesn't stand for a particular speech sound, and its true pronunciation is contingent to its environment. Then IPA is still opaque.
.
If we can identify the specific speech sounds which are the allophones of the phoneme /t/, why do we bind them together as a single phoneme and potentially cause confusion?
Hi, thanks for the question. Allophones are an entirely different entity than phonemes. Allophones are speech sounds, phonemes are abstract groupings of speech sounds. If all we ever did was just study the actual speech sounds that come out of people's mouths, then we would miss a lot of important rules and logical processes that are a big part of our language. We are able to make much more useful generalizations if we learn how the /t/ phoneme behaves in different environments, rather than treating each individual allophone as its own phoneme. Hope that helps!
Thank you for the answer! But I still don't understand how we can determine that all those allophones are indeed the variants of the same /t/.
Take the werewolf Tony example. Whenever we see Tony, he's already in either of his possible forms. We never observed Tony transform from human form to werewolf form, and we never sequenced the DNA of human Tony and werewolf Tony, and neither human Tony or werewolf Tony told us they are the same person, then how do we know whether both forms are actually the same Tony?
You diserve support teacher
hi please help me draw a concept map for the following pragmatics and semantics thank you
What's your background? How many languages do you know or study? Just curious? I like the linguistics videos.
Joe Pagano thanks! I speak Spanish French Esperanto and am now learning Thai.
@@FingtamLanguages I've studied Spanish, French, German, Portuguese, Russian, Filipino, Mandarin; I know a few words in Thai (quite difficult); of all the languages I know, it might be surprising to know that to me Filipino has been by far the hardest to learn. The grammar is vicious and the affix-related nature of verb formation makes this language extremely difficult to latch onto.
So, let me see if i got this right. Phonemes are sounds that differentiate a word from another word. Like in “will” and “with”, the phonemes are “ll” and “th”?
Marco V Correct. That’s in contrast to the types of sounds that can’t be used to differentiate words like the two “t” sounds in “potato”.
(Presuming you say “potato” with a North American accent)
And maybe I should clarify that phonemes are sounds that CAN differentiate a word from another word. The /w/ in “with” and “will” is still a phoneme even though it is not contrastive in this specific example.
When I teach connected speech I describe the 'b' in the word 'subject' as a glottal stop: we prepare to say the 'b' but the air is cut off - the 'b' sound is NOT produced, it's stopped - in order to go straight to the 'j' sound to avoid a gap. If we pronounced the 'b' and the 'j' we would create a gap. We hate gaps. However in this video you inferred that this description of mine is wrong. Is it?
this is very helpful
Thanks Angela :)
Where are the links?
awesome!! thank you
You bet! Thanks for the comment!
Is c a phoneme then? Before e and i, it generally sounds like an s (except in the word celts for some reason), while when it's before a, o and u, it sounds like a k
No. C is a lette,not a phoneme. The phonemes you are talking about would be /s/ and /k/.
There is a /c/ phoneme in some languages, but it does not exist in most dialects of English.
Oh, ok. Thanks!
dang for non native english speaker we toke all this in university but i cant get to linguistic irl cuz my ascent is way different so i have to just memorize them like that
Thanks a lot.
Dear sir do you have any social accounts
I need to contact you, because I need your help and advice
I'm a native Spanish speaker and a teacher of Spanish to English speakers and can assure you that examples 1 and 2 are misrepresenting the reality of Spanish pronunciation
1, your pronunciation of 'lobo' is correct (the b sound softens between vowels, the bilabial is not fully formed), however the IPA sign β represents a real fricative (English 'v'), which is considered incorrect Spanish, so even though it exists, I would not mention it as the norm - to clarify things; the 'b' is only truly bilabial in Spanish when it begins a word or if following sound 'm'
2, as above, the 'd' is fricative everywhere (including both of the 'ds' in 'verdad'), it is only not fricative at the start of a word or after the sound 'n'
This rule also applies to 'g', which is only not fricative at the start of words or after the 'n' sound or its nasalised form (with a tale in IPA)
Hi sir, I have doubt. that you use The word berdad, but that is incorrect due to the correct word is verdad a "v" sound is not bilabial , it is labiodental the same as "f"
Thank you.
No, thank YOU! :)
Tre interesa filmeto! Mi estas tre feliĉa, ke vi faras ĉi tiun serion, kaj mi volonte spektos la venontajn filmetojn.
Pri ĉi tiu elsendo, tamen, mi havas amason da demandoj, ha ha. Eble mi komencu per ĉi tiu: mi ne bone komprenas ion pri fonemoj. Vi diras, ke fonemoj estas "abstraktaj", sed, kiel oni povas priskribi la fonemon "t" abstrakte, sed priskribi kiel oni elparolas ĝin konkrete en ĉiu medio? Kio kunligas tiujn kvin mediojn por la fonemo "t", por diri ke ili apartenas al la sama fonemo? Laŭ via ekzemplo, ja ŝajnas ke la "fonemo t" estas simple "la reguloj por elparoli la litero t en la Usona angla" -- sed vi diras, ke ne estas rilato inter fonemoj kaj literoj... Kion mi miskomprenis? :-)
useful
appreciated
I'm sorry but I still don't get the difference between a phoneme and a speech sound
It's so strange how different accents would lead to different IPA 'spellings'. To me lawn and long don't have the same vowels but in American English they do. To me it's a long l-awh-wn and a short l-oh-ng. Definitely a help with pronunciation when learning languages!
can u please upload more lectures
There are already about 9 videos in this series, and I will continue making more.
Logicly; you only need to say the "else" case. Not elsewhere.
I'm still confused of what is really Phonology 😭
CS Lewis studied
If I am confused, you must be saying something right!
Tony Belowme 😆
Phonemes sounds alot like foe-names...
I must correct you that the word in Spanish is spelled "VERDAD"
It's phonetic spelling.
Are you brtish?
He's from the USA.
still can't believe you cheated on Amber on Married at First Sight :((
Lol I'm tall, but not THAT tall 😅
Stop slurping! I have misophonia and I can’t stand it! Gaaaaah!
Completely threw me off.
I love the werewolves example it made the allophones much more easier for me as a non native speaker
Great! 😃