Strange Link Between Magnetosphere Collapse and Complex Life on Earth
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- čas přidán 15. 06. 2024
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Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about the less known explosion of multicellular complex life that happened 600 million years ago - The Avalon Explosion
Links:
www.nature.com/articles/s4324...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/1...
PBS Eons video: • The Other Explosion Yo...
Previous video about an earlier period: • Previously Unknown Com...
also this: • 890 Million Year Old F...
and this: • Accidental Discovery o...
and maybe this: • This Tiny Creature Was...
#biology #life #earth
0:00 Life elsewhere?
1:00 Avalon explosion and its mystery
1:29 Earth in ice
2:10 Cambrian explosion
3:40 How this was discovered
4:55 Mollusc or octopus ancestor?
5:50 Another survivor?
6:20 What happened after though?
6:55 Evolution of life may be more complex
7:55 Why did this all happen though?
8:35 Oxygenation is maybe not the explanation
9:05 Was it magnetic in nature?
10:20 What happened to Earth back then?
11:30 Conclusions
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Credit:
Nick Hobgood CC BY-SA 3.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ediacar...
Ryan Somma CC BY-SA 2.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ediacar...
Sammy2012 CC BY-SA 4.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ediacar...
Junnn11 CC BY-SA 4.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opabini...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomalo...
Qohelet12 CC BY-SA 4.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomalo...
Verisimilus CC BY 2.5 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalon_...
Aleksey Nagovitsyn CC BY-SA 3.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dickins...
Ghedoghedo CC BY-SA 3.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalon_...
Oleg Kuznetsov CC BY-SA 4.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimbere...
Ryan Somma CC BY-SA 2.0 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ediacar...
James St. John (jsj1771) (www.flickr.com/people/jsjgeol... CC BY 2.0
Dr Huyue Song
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Anton, seriously, as I was walking home from work one day, I heard my neighbor lady talking to her dog telling it "Aliens don't exist". I went into the house and told my cat. We both laughed hysterically.
I told my parrot. She wants to wait to discuss it until we have more time...
I used to be completely unspiritual until my cat convinced me there has to be a hell and we do get punished for our sins when we're still alive... it's the only possible asnwer to her existence!
Everything, everywhere, all at once? I wouldn't know. I haven't seen the dumb movie
@@davidharvey3743 I haven't either and it's crazy isn't it? It's like people have no clue what you are freaking talking about. Am I right?
Thank you. Now I clearly understand the general low, abysmal quality of the comments on this channel ...
I remember listening to one paleontologist talk about the Cambrian explosion as more of a confirmation bias because that's when shells and bones became much more common, things that are more likely to fossilize. And that complex life probably began much farther back in time but it was more soft bodied and didn't fossilize as easily as later life.
I do wonder if prior to the ediacaran the conditions for fossilization just didn’t exist. But the thing is, we *do* have some pre-ediacaran fossils of macroscopic life, like Otavia and Cyclomedusa. It’d be weird if those small/fragile/soft bodied creatures fossilized but not the rest of the hypothetical complex life around them.
@@oberonpanopticon Another issue was the size of the possible life. If I remember correctly he said that with newer technics to analyze the rocks they might find the microscopic life forms that in the past they would miss.
@@Benson_aka_devils_advocate_88 They can be found already. The oldest fossils found of bacteria are 3.4 billion years old. But yes, a lot of research in that area still has to be done.
Learning in the comments! Thank you gentlemen!
@@oberonpanopticon Keep in mind that fossilization is actually pretty rare -- it requires just the right conditions to occur.
This seems consistent with paleontologist Steven Jay Gould's theory of "Punctuated Equilibrium," i.e., that evolution is less about gradualism, and more about long periods of stability, punctuated by periods of rapid speciation.
It is the classical "Biologist observe that evolution is a gradual change, hence that is what it must always have been" versus "Paleontologists observes that evolution happens in jumps, based on the fossil record".
I'm so happy I get to end off my days with Anton videos. Calming voice and new research make for great bedtime stories to get the brain remembering right before bed.
Perhaps the increase in cosmic rays reaching the planet surface during this period of weak magnetosphere increased the chance for genetic mutations. With higher levels of mutations came a higher chance of beneficial mutations occurring, which then got naturally selected, leading to the explosion of diversity.
Radiation making beneficial mutations is a meme.
@@SebastianKrabs too bad it realy hurts my eye balls and not only that it now very very very loud and autable for my autistic hpyer sisteivty hearing is realy been drveing me nuts all afternoon due to sodunig like there a helicoper over head all the time. and this is on top of the usal air traific. superly all the gps and composaes on the planet seam to be fine right now. just bescue the magetic poles are sifting doesnt mean the earth orbital polar axies is giong to change at all. all it does is bascly a tempry shift and will end with just the same efect after wards things if they havent broken by now with gps and compasses on earth at this pont then they won't brake after all. yes i can hear the magiasoshere plusing like a gosh darn helecopter all after noon and its very very very noisy.
There would be an increase in upper atmosphere ionization...ozone layer boost?
@@SebastianKrabsIt’s unlikely but when the entire world is bathing in them cosmic rays for thousands of years, the odds add up
Yes this is true, its the period when superhumans evolve
11:41 I do think it's likely that life endured extra mutations due to increased cosmic rays that didn't get deflected by the Earth's magnetosphere.
Have this comment section are people like you blaming exotic high intensity space radiation for mutations. High intensity radiation kills cells on contact what you describe is like microwaving life on high for 48 minutes. It doesn't give you superpowers it kills you. BASTA
This would seem to be the most likely reason. However, I also wonder if life had to evolve survival mechanisms to persist under higher radiation, providing a strong selective pressure. How this would influence them, I don’t know.
Random particle bombing of the RNA/DNA...
Ordinary Dad critter: "Ouch! what the heck was that?"
1 week later after replication.
Ordinary Dad critter: "Son, you have weird extra protrusions :/ "
Yes, radiation is known to cause mutations. Of which only a few have proven to be successful... So the idea is not entirely far-fetched.
The question is why the magnetic field was missing for so long. That is fascinating. Literally messmerizing (from the famous magnetizer Franz Anton Mesmer, 1734 - 1815, who actually developed the idea of "animal magnetism"), so to speak.
Exact.
I heard you saying 600 million years ago and I was literally saying to myself EDIACARAN EDIACARAN and when you said Avalon Explosion I cheered
The virgin Cambrian fan versus the chad Ediacaran enjoyer
Walking up to the dimly lit, neglected little Eidiacarian diorama in the AMNH in the early 70s, and reading “…enigmatic … poorly understood … mysterious “. Cha-Ching! Oh, yeah!
@oberonpanopticon
Where there are Virgins, there are no Chads in existence.
I had proof, but it's broken.
@@oberonpanopticon oberon pfp absolutely based
@@sp_ce.Da moon?
You pick the most fascinating topics! Love your work.
Me too.
I took a geology course a few years ago and the teacher presented the great oxygenation event like this: Organisms started producing oxygen in the oceans but since oxygen is so reactive there was no free oxygen for millions of years until most of the things in the oceans that _could_ oxidize did oxidize. Only then did free oxygen start to appear with some dissolved in the oceans as free O2 and then over time beginning to appear in the atmosphere. Again, the atmosphere didn't have free oxygen for millions of years because the reactive oxygen had to oxidize everything on land like minerals that freely oxidize before eventually a surplus of oxygen built up and the atmosphere for the first time began to have (at first a tiny) noticeable oxygen component.
Plants just ruin everything
That sounds like what I've been learning on CZcams, and that is a really nice way of describing that. However, I think that sequence applies to the lead up to the Great Oxygenation Event (GOE) around 2 billion years ago. I think that's what oxidized iron to make banded iron formations mined for iron today. In contrast, I think this video is talking about a later increase in oxygen maybe 700 million years ago (?) called the Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event (NOE). I think the oxidizable things may have been mostly oxygenated already long before the NOE? But, I'm no expert. There are some videos on the Geo Girl channel that may have more infor if you are curious.
I have no Idea why youtube brought me here but I glad for it
You must be a wonderful person!
Welcome! It's nice here.
Makes sense, ratiation = mutations = faster evolution = diversity explotions
Yes, radiation is known to cause mutations. Of which only a few have proven to be successful... So the idea is not entirely far-fetched.
The question is why the magnetic field was missing for so long. That is fascinating. Literally messmerizing (from the famous magnetizer Franz Anton Mesmer, 1734 - 1815, who actually developed the idea of "animal magnetism"), so to speak.😊
Plus: the simple life of the time, especially mono-cellular, reproduces much faster, i.e. the evolutionary iterations can take a much swifter pace, compared say to the modern vertebrate animals - thus, beneficial traits spread faster and a higher volume of failures can be afforded. Also, the genome and physiology of those simple organisms perhaps has a statistically better chance to survive a random mutation, compared to the much more complex genomes and bodies of again e.g. the vertebrates. This complexity maybe one particular reason why in our case, evolution rides preferably on top of sexual crossover, as opposed to random mutations.
The increased radiation would not have been a huge factor, as the water would absorb it in the top millimeter of the ocean surface.
ELF, Extremely Low Frequency, see Schumann Harmonics, may play a role.
@@EatMyOats ELF is non-ionizing radiation, and does not cause mutations.
04:30
"It might have had some kind of a head, and it might have had some kind of a butt"
Anton
He's edging towards Uranus again, the scamp
Every single one of us is extremely rare, extremely special, this video should also be testimony of just that.
What, exactly, is so "special" about us? That we are the only species which slaughters, tortures and enslaves its own kind in massive numbers for, respectively, convenience, fun and profit? That's pretty special. Or that we are domesticated Chimps and we and wild Chimps engage in Wars of Annihilation? That's pretty special too.
We're more like entropic macro states. The microstates themselves may be unique but on the large scale, it's mostly just effectively equivalent mediocrity, like getting 50% heads in a string of coin flips.
@@Sonny_McMacsson I replied to this comment and dear Anton in his wisdom deleted it. Pretty f'd for a science site. All I did was suggest some ways in which we are special. Starting to lose respect for Anton if he is starting to delete comments
@@kaoskronostyche9939 More likely YT deleted it because that's what they do. It's a constant and pervasive issue throughout the platform, especially lately.
What you said could have sounded like marketing to the bot.
@@kaoskronostyche9939 CZcams hides the comments automatically if it detects anything that might be against the terms of service. Sometimes it goes into a queue that allows the channel owner to approve it so your comment might show back up.
This is super amazing! Thank you so much! Anton you are a great wonderful person! I wonder how you select these articles you are going to make videos about. Great job! ❤
These magnetic minerals would be a scientific treasure trove if they can be found on Mars, because they could tell us exactly when and maybe even how Mars' magnetosphere shut down, or if it might have even bounced back a few times in the past few billion years.
Keep asking, we'll keep watching & wondering.
💪🫡🫶🇬🇧🛸
Assk yourself, how many times your grandma burns the porridge. You see.
Anton thank you from the bottom of my heart for these videos ❤
Makes sense to me.
Punctuated Equilibrium.
Basically, rapid diversification happens when the status quo is distrupted.
It’s the radiation from the loss of earth’s magnetic field that increased bio-diversity.
@@kynan178
I assume you mean via an increase in mutations.
Well... The topic is focused around the Avalon Explosion, 575 million years ago. And complex life didn't exist on land at that stage. So we're talking about (VERY) primitive sea creatures.
Water is very effective at stopping radiation. And thankfully I have ChatGPT to help me do the math.
Earth background radiation is between 0.0006 and 0.008 mR/hr.
Let's say our target is an amazing best case scenario of 0.0001 mR/hr
Our worst case scenario, let's say... the surface of the moon. 200-1,000 millirads per hour (mR/hr)
*We want to get from 1,000 mR/hr to 0.0001 mR/hr.*
(Skip the math) Answer is 5.58 metres
And remember, that is from _Surface Of The Moon_ levels of radiation down to _Below Earth Background Radiation_ levels.
And also remember that drop in radiation isn't linear. The first 10cm of water is already stopping 25% of the radiation.
_ _ _
Which is my long winded way of saying I don't agree with your assessment.
Finding any kind of life in the solar system would certainly give us a broader view of the possibilities of life in the rest of the universe. Interesting video.
WoW! This was very interesting! We do have a special earth! 🎉❤
For me it feels like there was an insane number of things that had to happen, in a specific order, for life to form and to come back after global cataclysms. It makes my faith in God easier thats for sure.
@@SamtheIrishexan which god? There have been thousands and no one has provided falsifiable, testable, and repeatable evidence for their existence.
@@SamtheIrishexan What an adorable god of the gaps logical fallacy that you have there.
@@SamtheIrishexan In an unthinkably vast universe it had to happen somewhere. Your muttering cough of a god is not the answer.
@@kellydalstok8900 Neither has there been any proof/evidence if were alone or how it all started right? Big bang theory etc... It's all conjecture.
Anton, I have to think you for your constant updates on so many subjects. You might be on of 2 or 3 creators that keeps up with me and can still manage to have a life, research and produce these videos, and put out constant solid content. I can only manage the information, the rest I fail at.
10:50 We are all mutants of the radiation exposure :P
Incredible Hulk enters the chat...
>
Thanks Anton. That was really interesting :)
Really fascinating stuff Anton. Thank you. It’s mad to think we are all connected to those beginnings of life. How truly fortunate we are to even be alive, even when times are though, life will endeavour.
Fascinating. Every time I watch Anton, he's talking about something that allows my brain to try to imagine life, and/or physics in the time being discussed.
I have no other words.
Just thanks.
Thank you Anton and all the scientists in the credits.
Wonderful as always Anton. Thank you. 🤘😎
Another topic I didn’t know I needed to hear. Thanks for your great topics as always
Mutations caused by cosmic radiations created an explosion in biodiversity?
Very interesting topic , thank you Anton
I would figure all that ice being present around that time melting would have something to do with the falloff of that explosion of life, I mean a sheet of ice covering almost the entire planet is gonna do something to the distribution of minerals in the water and of course the salinity would dramatically change
6ля, Антон, I can not keep up with your pace! You make videos faster than I can watch them. I planned to play some Pokémon Crystal tonight, now I have to play 20 minutes less🥲
Great episode I really like this one thank you😊
I was literally writing about this in my thesis a few days ago hahaha
Nice video! Thanks
I wouldn't doubt it If a higher than normal radiation event like the magnetosphere flipping or collapsing, or a gamma ray burst, or even just our son's early years are a combination of the above, is what changed prebiotic chemistry into actual biotic life 🧬. Causing enough constant reshuffling until it got to the first primitive DNA.
Charnia is not an ancestor of sea pens. They are not bilaterally symmetrical. Anomalaris (Radiodonts) also actually survived into the Permian.
Thanks for the wonderful videos Anton!!
Some channels are saying that our magnetosphere has been weakened and the most recent solar storm appeared stronger despite being a weaker storm than previous storms. Can you make a video about this? There's a lot of doomsday channels saying this stuff and sounding very scientific. Talking about sun mini novas specifically. Can you do a video about it please?
Great video mate.
honestly given what we know now, I think its ridiculous to think no life exists anywhere else. For sure it does. Is it intelligent life like us? who knows, but 100% for sure there is life out there.
Okay smart guy find it.
No one can say for certain whether life exists anywhere else in the observable universe.
@@SebastianKrabs Before it finds us😳
I've read somewhere that the sun was higher in X-ray emissions about a billion years ago and I wonder how it might have affected life on our planet.
Ask yourself how high intensity x-rays affect life today on Earth? It would affect life on ancient Earth the same exact way. Spoiler...it dies.
Or mutates into another organism and lives on as a new species.
11:00 That's pretty freaking cool 🙂
This is fascinating.
Just love your videos Anton. You teach us so much, thank you😀
Absolutely fascinating, Anton, thank you so very much
Great work Anton ..
What an amazing puzzle. I love these weird animals but I also love the mystery.
Having watched you're stuff alot , it sure seems to me that energy from that which makes quarks on up been spontaneously getting more complex just by the nature of the energy . Thus in time lapse based on situation seems like it is meant to be ? You're a good watch thanks :-)
I had to pause the video several times to say WHOA to myself. Science is just so cool, sometimes it takes your breath away. Thanks again, Anton!
thanks for the information anton
i look forward to any updates
this does make me wonder how the chicxulub impact affected the earth? did the magnetic field get stronger? did the gravity change? how massive was the meteorite?
Exciting discoveries, great presentation, thanks 🤗
Great info.
Thanks!
Predation did more than generate shells it also produced male individual intrasexual selection. That reduced gene flow within a species which allowed more speciation.
Interesting, Probably a confluence of many factors contributed to the explosion of multicellular life. I would like to understand more about how collagen evolved. Without it, it's hard to understand how complex life formed. Thanks Anton.
Took a plane ride to Colorado. You know being that close to space tickles me seeing the very top of the clouds below you. It’s mesmerizing.
I remember an old "The Incredible Hulk" episode where Dr. Banner is talking with a Native American scientist about a gamma-ray burst event in North American history. This documentary just made me think about it.
Great channel anton top vids..if i had half your work rate id be rich by now lol...i read yesterday you lost a child my highest condolences too ya you seem a decent bloke its always the good ones who suffer the most but just wanted say thanks for vids you deserve the views 👍
Thank you! Great material!
Always ask a martian, "Take me to your leader." So he'd probably take you to see his wife!
Unless they use the metric system and are hard of hearing -- then they'll take to a bottle of Pepsi...
But I always thought 'Uncle Martin' was single... RIP Ray Walston.
thanks Anton
Life on earth: inexplicable, but nonetheless here. Thank you for this different take on the origins of complex life, Anton!
I was litteraly looking this topic up since the start of the week. I have a feeling we are close to a breakthrough within our local solar system 🎉🎉🎉
Considering the effects we see from UV light damaging and mutating DNA today, this seems very plausible to the point it's probably good enough to be a default explanation until more research is done.
we live in a wonderful time, to be able to understand such fundamental facts about existence - things scientists a thousand years ago would kill for
Anton, you are a wonderful person!❤
What happen do your what da math series that series was really good.
Thank you Anton....
Great info
Brother - science is learning what old teacherz know - life finds away ! - Hardship Strengthen Resolve - AND Humans Evolve from Trauma to Better themselves & others !🇨🇦
Yes but a combination of things like the world ice ball then melting giving to huge sediment erosion and 02 rise. Also magnetic collapse causing genetic mutation but that is theory. Good show
Can life develop a closed respiratory system and able live in space 🌌 breath 🫁 its own atmosphere
“We still don’t know what kind of animal this is. All we know is it had some kind of a head. And some kind of a butt.”
A lowered geomagnetic field would lead to higher incident radiation at the Earth's surface. This would cause more mutations, some of which would be viable. More successful mutations would lead to more variety among lifeforms, thus the biodiversity explosion.
Do you guys remember Whatdamath 😅 lol. I taught about another name for Anton Petrov's Channel. "Somewhat Wonderful"❤ Because Anton Charmingly says Somewhat all the time 😊 And He, Us and All is Wonderful ❤🎉
Thank you Anton Petrov, you have created a wonderful channel.
as much as I do believe NHI's exist, the continuing evidence of various 'luck' that Earth has, makes it seem more and more likely Earth is a rare gem. eg moon shielding us, giving us stability and season, being in a void, an impact clearing the way for mammals... and so much more. To me it adds weight to the idea of at least some of what we see here being multi-dimensional or something locally based
You do realise the moon is hollow. It rings like a bell.
@@paulveenings6861 lol, no. I do have a theory about he ringing though... as a result of the Theta impact creating the Moon, you have an outer layer rapidly cooled and hardened (confirmed by India's gravity surveyor). If the outer shell quickly cooled while the rest slowly cooled it may result in contraction.. almost leaving the crust to act as a bell. We certainly know it is extremely hard and even major impacts have failed to penetrate the crest barring maybe one. (Anton would know for sure). That may be behind the resonance or ringing you refer to, but the moon is indeed real, and barring a few potential bases, not hollow.
It would be interesting to hear theories explaining"how the spinning core would make less protection occasionally ."
Might be helpful to qualify 'super rapid' = 10s of millions of years is not what most people think of as suddenly...
Thank you
Others are pointing out increased mutation speeding up evolution but I think its important to consider something else entirely: Local Minima.
Evolution, contrary to popular believe, does not necessarily reach an ideal system. Lets say a life form would have to do a drastic change in physiology to reach a more ideal form. The path there might be via a less than ideal lifeform that would be selected against, as its survival chances would be worse.
This is where radiation comes in. It might enable jumping across local maxima to reach a better minimum, which just so happens to be more complex in nature.
I thought about this sometime in the past, how radiation might be beneficial in that sense, by enabling a jump to a more beneficial minimum.
Thanks Anton
1:02 Hey, Anton!
@whatdamath , Thanks for furthering knowledge about the Ediacaran fauna! It is said that there were no (multicellular?) predators at that period, thus also „Eden period“. - What is your opinion on the Gabonionta, aka Francevillian Biota?
4:30 "it might've had some kind of a head, and it might've had some kind of a but. but most importantly, we know that it possessed cholesterol!"
this is the funniest phrase I've heard in a while 😆
The video repeatedly uses a beautiful view from space of the Gaspe peninsula and the St. Lawrence river ----- but the image is reversed. Most of the time I see it on CZcams it is in this inverted form. I find this very annoying. It's one of the most beautiful images available, and people deserve to see it in its real form. Anton, my friend, you're from Quebec! How can you let this happen?
10:57 i think maybe the ratio matters. The life was low and first developing, the friction is low. The weaker field might have been okay since the planets were a bit farther and so the difference was allowing room so the life was able to expand into differences but relative. We have a lot of friction which can slow us down and allow us to age slower but too much grinds away pieces and can’t be shared or makes the room on the planet smaller like not enough resources or too many differences. The balances are needed to be guided like global warming but we suck and fall into the differences ourselves. Maybe that’s why we don’t neglect or deny but understand and expand the sharing or complexity revealing more differences such as technology or knowledge or even the body of animals and humans.
Makes perfect sense. Low magnetic field means more radiation, more radiation means more mutations, which opens more avenues for natural selection to do its thing.
Thank you.
😅”No Aliens”, needless to say!… don’t you worry, Anton; we know the drill…❤
Maybe the Cambrian explosion was the Cambrian feast where the creatures of one era ate most of the creatures lying about from an earlier era.
Amazing!
Life is so cool!
I hope you don't find this offensive HOWEVER
Hearing people with thick accents say words like "butt" is such a cheap laugh and it gets me every. dang. time. 💀 I guess I have to subscribe.
Lifeforms in todays oceans is still incredibly diverse. Many varieties of Worms, and seastars and slugs are amazing but smaller plankton no less. Multiple eyes are common among spiders.
My "History of Science" Prof always liked to say, "Complexity concatenates." My bet is that it concatenates nonlinearly.
fascinating thanks
What if consciousness exists no matter what and all this complex "life" we see, is really just an interpreted vision. Meaning, if there is no other life in the entire observable universe, it leads credence to the idea that all we perceive is merely a holographic projection of a greater unified process that exists beyond our selves.
Hopefully that makes sense to someone. Probably not, but words fall short when it comes to sharing ideas deeply entangled in preconceptions and the semantic stumbling blocks that develop as a byproduct.
This is beautifully said and I can relate! So nice to hear someone else feel it
Sounds like we need a lot more Petri dish experiments in faraday cages.
7:07 looks like a Pokémon while you are talking about evolution 😆
Very interesting
Love it🐰
It would be interesting to compare the maximum Sun activity periods to historical ones. E.x. 1954 through 1965 solar activity and it's consistency with that creative and turbulent social era. But then, I'm a jazz lover.