Akhenaten: Egypt's Heretic King
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Ancient Egypt is known for its vast pantheon of gods and goddesses. The Egyptian religion is one of the most iconic and most studied religions in world history. The funerary rituals of the ancient Egyptians were unparalleled. Their civilization was a world power for much of its existence. Suffice it to say, ancient Egypt made its mark on the larger story of human history. The pantheon is still studied, and many students take in interest in their detailed mythology. For almost the entirety of its existence, ancient Egypt had been polytheistic. That is, until one pharaoh of the 18th dynasty, Akhenaten, decided to flip the script. For his 17-year reign, he had turned Egypt monotheistic. Since the rediscovery of the ancient city of Amarna, scholars have been infatuated with this maverick of the ancient world. How and why did this pharaoh make such a drastic change? Was there any precedent for a movement of this sort in the early 18th dynasty? How did Egypt turn back to the gods of old after the establishment of this new theology? Today, we answer these questions and more as we discuss Akhenaten, Egypt’s heretic king.
Sources:
Ian Shaw - The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt
Marc Van De Mieroop - A History of Ancient Egypt
Lionel Casson - Everyday Life in Ancient Egypt
Bob Brier, Hoyt Hobbs - Daily Life of the Ancient Egyptians
W. Raymond Johnson - Amenhotep III and Amarna: Some New Considerations
Donald B. Redford - Akhenaten: New Theories and Old Facts
William Moran - The Amarna Letters
Colleen Manassa - Imagining the Past
Lynn Meskell - Private Life in New Kingdom Egypt
David O’Connor, Eric Cline - Amenhotep III: Perspectives on His Reign
Joanna Backhouse - ‘Scènes de Gynécées’ Figured Ostraca from New Kingdom Egypt: Iconography and Intent
Edouard Naville - The Temple of Deir El Bahari
Cyril Aldred - Akhenaten: King of Egypt
Jessica Joyce Christie - Akhenaten’s Amarna in New Kingdom Egypt
Irmgard Woldering - The Art of Egypt
W. Stevenson Smith (revised by William Kelly Simpson) - Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt
Lanny Bell - Luxor Temple and the Cult of the Royal Ka
William J. Murnane - Texts from the Amarna Period in Egypt
John Van Seters - In Search of History
James Hoffmeier - Akhenaten and the Origins of Monotheism
Julia Pei-Chin Hsieh - The Realm of the Dead through the Voice of the Living
Battiscombe Gunn - The Religion of the Poor in Ancient Egypt
Jan Assmann - Magic and Theology in Ancient Egypt
David O’Connor, David Silverman - Ancient Egyptian Kingship
Christopher Faraone, Emily Teeter - Egyptian Maat and Hesiodic Metis
Kara Cooney - The Good Kings
Thomas Peet, Leonard Woolley - The City of Akhenaten, Part 1
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was Akhenaton saying Aton. or was he saying God is a Photon???? and it got mixed up in translation. for those who don't KNOW. a Photon is a God particle of pure LIGHT. the supreme LIGHT.
Brilliantly done, my guy. I am so excited about what you've made here
This was insightful and brilliant
I really enjoyed this, thank you. The work speaks for itself - well done guys.
Oh he was my favourite Pharaoh!
"Damien Hirst: Treasures from the Wreck of the Unbelievable", is a documentary that cannot disappoint anyone with an interest for gathering the fragmented past of our recent human relatives at the time of Nero.
18:38 Aten is the "Horus of the two horizons" - lit. to fly up/down like a bird, in other words Sunrise and Sunset. Akhenaten simplified the worship of the Sun by eliminating all the "avatars" so to speak... Correct?
example:
Ra = Sun disk.
Aten = Sun disk at it's zenith (12 noon) no shadow, direct 90 digrees up above.
Which, btw, corresponds to the distorted images of Akhenatena and family.
Horus - lit. life, movement, breath, voice - is the child of
1. Isis - the main Moon avatar (goddess)
1 full moon = 1 old biblical year calculation, allowing for such as Adam to be "900 years old" before the Heksos switeched to solar calculations.
2. Osiris - the "unseen" Sun avatar or the sun at night
Osiris was adopted by the "Shepherd Kings" or Hyksos 7:25 (also known as the Heberu/Hebrews) as their god Yahweh/Yahoo.
Before that the Hebrews worshipped El, after Pharaoh n'r (catfish) and mr (chisel) Narmer.
P.S. Thank you for your video!
A+++ Very well made, and very correctly informative.
Thank you, also, for reading my brainfarting...
Dude! Where's my Ka!!
Ka is a wheel that keeps on turning.
No Ka means SOUL
yes!
Ancient Egypt... When was it named Egypt?
19th century A.D by Ottoman turks, allegedly first referred to as Egypt by Greeks in the 8th century BCE. ???😮
I know people who visit the museums in Egypt and told me that the mummies were pure African people the art and statues and writing language is of pure African people I look online and noticed that the mummies were pure African people not Egyptian and Mediterranean dark 🌑 skin bs 💯 true facts
Europeans and Mediterranean people don't have black eyes 👀 African and black people do period 💯 true facts
Fake 🤥 News 📰
Egypt is in Africa 🌍 it was known as kemet civilization not Egyptian civilization 💯 true facts
Fake 🤥 News 📰
Pharaoh Akhenaten was a pure African brother not Egyptian and Mediterranean dark 🌑 skin bs 💯 true
Be more British 😂
Oh my bad. I'll work on it.
A monotheism based on a sun god us a lot saner than any Abrahamic bullshit, that's for damn sure.
As long as they were willing to kill people who disagreed with them, not really. I don't care nearly as much about which mythologies people believe as I do about their standard of behavior toward people who don't share those beliefs. Unfortunately, monotheism seems to lend itself to less tolerance of other beliefs, and polytheism seems to better lend itself to pluralism and diversity. But I'd still rather have people who recognize mythology as mythology instead of defining their mythology as the truth.
Is it?
Or is it almost EXACLTY the same?
“I am the LIGHT and the way, anyone who walks in my path shall never be in darkness”..?
“The Lord is my LIGHT and salvation”..?
if you are interested in theology, I recommend so strongly comparing early Christianity to the Egyptian belief structures
Worshipping the sun God Is very much like worshipping the Christian perception of God.
It was the same HYKSOS people , same conspiracy. The HYKSOS were deported to shalem, "let my people go" is a lie.