Alan Guth - What Happens in the Far Far Future?
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- čas přidán 2. 06. 2015
- Our universe has existed for about 14 billion years. Looking backwards, that's about 1 followed by 10 zeros. Looking forwards, into the far far future, cosmologists can forecast what will happen in years numbered by 1 followed by 100 zeros! What will our #universe be like? What happens to galaxies, stars, black holes? What could the entire #cosmos be like?
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I love this stuff , these kinda channels are everything TV isn’t - interesting, fascinating and stimulating.
Alan Guth is an intellectual treasure. I wonder when his interest and curiosity in the cosmos began in his life? We have greatly benefited from his insights.
His interest began at the beginning, or did it?
Guys you should boost your volume to normal levels. I need to tune up my volume way up for it to sound "normal". Great vids btw indeed!
Yes. This is persistent. When making the videos, you should try to have the db level periodically reach -0db and average around there, that way we aren't all turning our speakers up to the maximum just to make up for the 30db you're leaving on the table.
I thought my phone was broken
@@redredred1 -6db I would say. Heard normally radio and TV stations do -8 to -12. You're talking from experience?
@@TheKres7787 That's fine. The point is, they were averaging so far below 0db that no one could hear it.
@@redredred1 yeah, btw wasn't trying to be witty, was really curious if you have some inside information on it x)
True or not, I have to respect the insight of this man's mind.
Wow, this man gives me chills.... billions and billions as Carl Sagan said......in this case billions and billions of pocket universes.
Alan Guth really is just the best !
Stephan king turned space nerd.. Love it
To quote Mr. Spock - fascinating.
have you noticed that Alan Guth looks like a Young guy desguised as an older man.. ?
so true, lol.
in another universe he looks like a older guy disguised as young guy
He has an infinite number of disguises in infinite pocket universes.
The way I understood Guth's inflation was to listen to Paul Steinhardt's critique.
But now I am listening to Penrose's critique of Guth's inflation.
Yeah aft3r listening to penrose i see this ws pretty much crap, telling nothing
See? The universes are already conflicting.
I thought that the space between pocket universes is expanding as fast as the universes themselves so they could never collide
Fantastic 👏
When he was saying that the Universe keeps expanding and getting diluted I couldn't help but to think about the standard model all the mechanisms on top of mechanisms that keep getting added. With a bunch of contending theories going their own way.
Here is bizarre question, and one can ask this without being influenced by drugs (LOL): Suppose there are an infinite amount of universes, would not I be able to communicate with at least one of them? If infinity exists, then one can argue that the laws of physics are not constant, and eventually our minds should be able to either perform something akin to "miracles", in a scientific sense, or at least mentally communicate with another "person" in another pocket universe, simply because an infinite universe means that there are no physical limits to the laws of physics? Please trust me, I've been thinking of this question for more years than I can remember, so don't assume I'm smoking something. I think this is a legitimate scientific question. JMHO
You're correct that the inflation model predicts infinite pocket universes with multiple different fundamental laws (they use the example of a universe where anti-matter very slightly outpaced matter shortly after the big bang), but the 'big' universe and all the pocket universe in it are still ultimately governed by General Relativity - so there are some constraints
Yes, heaven is our linked universe.
The counter thought is that the “universes” aren’t actually parallel but are nonetheless infinite.
I love Alan Guth
communication between 'pocket universes'? Every night I dream I am in another universe, similar to ours, but not completely the same. Every night. Sometimes even the landforms are different. Usually it is just people and circumstance and some random geographic/biologic things that don't fit. But for years I have sworn I am visiting 'parallel universes every night.
See a psychiatrist.
I heard somewhere there is no spatiotemporal link between Universe's so how could they collide?
The good news is humans don't have to worry about the depressing scenarios (including the Big Rip which they didn't even get to) because we'll all be dead.
You're Welcome!
I thought his comment about collisions of 'pocket universes' might be a possible explanation for unifying both the 'big bang' and expansion, and the existence of two kinds of physics that have been maddeningly resistant to reconciling. Could these creation events be the result of such a collision? Thinking metaphorically (if not theologically) this would be analogous to the cycle of birth and life we directly experience: two cells merge and thus begins a phase of creation (fertilization) and expansion (gestation) resulting in a new life.
perhaps the merger of two universal entities happening at light or near-light speed is itself the formation of a new kind of energy and as it flashed through whatever dimensions they occupied, been the expansion?
Interesting thought!
Mr. Guth, my favorite… inflation theory is brilliant.
Yet, we, humans are fighting over property lines.
The multiverse hypothesis has no evidence but it wouldn't surprise me at all. Once upon a time we thought there was one planet, one sun, one moon and a few thousand stars, some of which seemed to move through the sky. Then we figured out these were other planets and that the sun is a star and since then it has been a constant revision upward. Now it's ~ a septillion planets, stars and certainly even more moons. Assuming there's just one universe is dodgy.
One hopeful takeaway from the infinities toss about here so gallantly: there exists an ever increasing possibility that I wlll, in fact, be able to find a parking place.
now that i hear this theory explained by its creator im totally convinced
im convinced its bullshit
to say "theories suggest" is to make theories about theories
this amounts to pure speculation
people, we have come to the point that its needs to be acknowledged that physicists are completely lost in a maze of their imaginations
I like Penrose’s Conformal Cyclic Cosmology, to a layman like me it seems more feasible than pocket universes, but what do I know!
Exactly, this is way too much complicated and anything is possible
The Universe and reality are very complex themselves, they don’t need to make sense to us.
I'm gonna have to get Guth's book. So, if the number of universes created per unit time is exponentially increasing, can we put some actual numbers on the quantities? And how many such universes exist NOW, or indeed at any given time T? They seemed to be throwing the word "infinite" around, but is it really infinite, or just very large? I can imagine the Graham number up arrow sequence g1, g2, ... g64=G, g65, etc., that increases very fast, but is still not infinite at any given point, or even Conway arrow sequences that increase even faster. Then we have various sequences of infinite numbers, such as the Aleph sequence of power sets.
-
PS: I guess the concept of a shared common unit of time might be meaningless in the multiverse... or is it?
A Kessel Universe. Alan Guth is a rock star.
The universe is like a soup contained within a colossal bowl , where the soup looks and tastes slightly different depending on where you dip your spoon.
True infinite is where we are within
The same thing that happened way way back in the past. 🤯
The Collision of Two Universes. Cloverfield haha. Or the Mist depending on how old you are. 🤕
what if our universe had already inevitably collided with another universe? so we have to consider and base laws on an infinite number of physics theories from every conceivable universe? discovering one that applies to us and every other universe would be the greatest Discovery ever.... ever....
So then it possible that our "Goldilocks" pocket universe is the product of multiple colliding pocket universes with varying sets of physical laws?
Interesting idea, but the evidence would not suggest that is the case for our little pocket universe. All available observations point toward a 'typical' pocket universe beginning. The interesting question is how did we end up with the goldilocks cosmological constant?
+glassoul I think we're both asking about the emergence of our universe. Thinking back to my original comment, I believe I was trying to equate the Big Bang with the collisions Guth was describing. The collisions thus far aren't verifiable so I don't feel too bad.
It probably isn't a constant here, what we're experiencing is just a stage and change will gradually occur and our surroundings will gradually become completely uninhabitable
I don't understand what informed Guth about inflation. I get that it's a mechanism which explains a lot of things such as the homogeneity of the universe- how it seems that parts of the universe separated by too much time and distance to have ever interacted still seem basically the same. And something had to account for the almost instant expansion of the universe- I get that- but doesn't it seem arbitrary to just be like "Ok so well create this force called "inflation" that yields an end product as per what we observe." I'm sure that's not what he did at all- something in his research had to be like "hey, hint hint- nudge, nudge..." and it led him to this theory. Science does come up with some wild theories, but they're never just arbitrary creations- the mathematics or some observation leads ppl to them. I wish I understood what mathematics or what observation led Guth to inflation.
Great video...but the blurry intro needs to be eliminated....lets see that in the near, not far far future please
We don’t know for sure , a truer statement has never been made.
So what are black holes then, the decay or end of the half life ?
You talk about our universe running into another universe. Could we have another "Big Bang" erupt inside our universe? And what would happen if it did?
captainandthelady Yes, but I'm not sure if the outcome of that scenario you suggested would result in giving birth to a new universe outside ours or another Big Bang inside the current one.
There are many models that stimulate those possibilities. For your scenario, I think you have to look up the models that follow Kaluza-Klein theory. To add to the excitement on top, if that mathematical universe was consistent with ours, then expect it to be validated and expressed by String Theory. Theoretical physicists publish papers when they score an elegant model like that.
Alex Azazel Theoretical physics gives way to something like theoretical biology where life can start and respond to the theoretical energies that are available in such universe/environment. That was also suggested just in the last video with Lawrence Krauss . And that would answer the question that you proposed in a sarcastic manner.
No limit for knowledge and answers, because there's no limit to what a brain can dream.
It could be connected to the white hole theory. Perhaps we came from a white hole ourselves (don't be childish)
Have worried about something since I was young. Does my/our existence as humans have a purpose? This video makes you think of the vastness of space and our place in it. What do you think? Have you ever instinctively wondered why you are here and never have the answer? Sometimes even feel real empty inside or even an anxious feeling. Is that why we have religion? Religion answers those questions that we seek so perfectly. Calm us down give us a purpose. Religion tells us to follow blindly with faith, You then start to doubt the teachings of religion. as it has been used as a tool since it's inception to enslave, destroy human rights, cause deadly conflicts for centuries. I have wondered why I was here in my first thoughts as a child.
Yes, my thoughts exactly. I'm not religious but think that since we're all lucky enough to be part of this amazing universe why can't everyone just act decent. There doesn't have to be a purpose, just an appreciation.
Is it possible there is no such thing as gravity and inflation creates an acceleration of matter that mimics gravity?
will the expansion reach the speed of light ?
This is a common mistake. There is no law on how quickly space-time itself can expand, only that things
within space-time (like you and me) can travel no faster than the speed of light. This is what happened on a massive scale during inflation. The universe went from almost infinitely small, to nearly the size of the universe today in a tiny fraction of that first second. It's impossible to wrap your head around.
But even today, space-time is expanding faster than the speed of light over vast distances (~93 Billion light years diameter). This is why we can't see anything beyond that.
can we apply the (speed of light) property for the time space?
Inflation-of-the-Gaps
If my latest theoretical idea concerning the theory of everything is really true, specifically that gravity is the directional component of the photon and the pulsating photon is the pure energy unit of this universe, then it could be possible that the gravitational and electrical components of the photon would interlock with each other at a 90 degree angle to each other, and the magnetic component of the photon would be 90 degrees to these two forces and reside both outside of and inside of the universal shell. Why also the backdrop to all the galaxies is apparently black. No photons get absorbed or released from the shell. So, "if" true, it's possible that the universal shell once formed, could in theory remain formed for literally eternity, and all the other interacting photons inside of the shell would remain active also. The universe would never ever die. Now, we would still have to get off of this Earth and out of this solar system before life itself is destroyed here on Earth one way or another, but if done, it's possible that our species (and/or whatever might evolve from our species) might actually be able to eternally consciously survive in an eternally active universe.
Gibberish, show me the math.
How come he was not asked how many pocket universes can fit on the head of a pin ?
I'm not convinced at all, but he's nice to listen to, sort of soothing.
Like these videos a lot, but I'm often left a lot more confused than when I walked in
But what is it expanding into?
Time.
@@nathangonzales2661 what is time?
The number of pocket universes "created" are increasing *exponentially*? What about those very rare collisions between the universes? Are they perhaps also increasing exponentially? The numbers are mindboggling, but perhaps the universe(s) don't care a whit about mindboggling theories?
Everything we theorise is just our point of view. And we are only a tiny spec of nothing...
So basically we still know almost nothing about anything...
Volumeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeed
Where did all the dust and dirt that made the stars and planets come from? It’s probably still coming from there.
are these our brightest minds?
Yes
WHY?
Interesting. In what medium do these pocket universes exist?
in my pocket!
S Cin probably a 4d space
Mathematicians say they are in "Hilbert Space", no kidding. There seems to be an awful lot of room in Hilbert space. Probably enough to include Dilbert.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert_space
I'm not optomistic about the future.
But on a lighter note, I remembered to buy some milk.
The name is Alan Guth.
Sounds reasonable. Then again something like Deuteronomy 23:1 sounds even more reasonable, so I'm a bit torn now between science and religion.
"“No one whose testicles are crushed or whose male organ is cut off shall enter the assembly of the LORD." - that sounds *more* reasonable? But perhaps you were really referring to the unlikelihood of both possibilities :-)
Guth is evidently convinced that his imaginary infinite multiverse is a mathematical reality. This is not science but a speculative philosophical assumption that is beyond empirical validation. A nice bedtime story for the imagination to ponder.
Yes, I absolutely agree. He has a soothing voice though.
The religion of science strikes again.
I'm always confused about whether the Universe as a whole, began about 14 billion years ago, or whether our "pocket universe" began 14 billion years ago. I've listened to some of Dr. Guth's MIT videos, but I still don't understand what he is saying about this question. Can anybody give me a summation of what Dr. Guth says about this, rather than their own personal opinion about it? Thanks in advance. DPA
14B for our pocket universe. We don't know how long ago 'the big universe' began, and it may be impossible to determine. Theoretically, we could be the first, but the probability of that being true is inconceivably small.
Guth coauthored and has so far maintained the widely accepted theory of cosmic inflation. Since there are no serious theories of any subsequent observable singularities, it is fair to assume Guth means that our pocket universe began at the Big Bang 14B years ago.
No!
Please.......WHAT is the multiverse expanding into?
A universe ....which seems to b a phrase that is used to explain .....the universe .. .think - universal ...ie one thing for all ...and a ...kinda rough explanation for all. So therefore ...universe . As it will be - because human race will die out b4 we know .. ' the truth ' ( were not intelligent enough . Unfortunately
@@kevinmccall26 so, Kevin...you believe our universe is expanding into another universe? Concept expanding into concept?
What if we are expanding into nothingness
.....no concept?
@@dnfrank1 well.... let's face - reality .
I was taking into consideration god.
Whom ... with your .... physical conclusions per se - You probably may not even think exists .... but - and it's valid .
What if he does . - and he does .... hes just not deigned to meet u yet possibly ..
Aw did u make a mistake x
@@kevinmccall26 well, Kevin...I don't believe God exists as existence, is defined by man as the space, inclusive between birth and death. God is undefinable....didn't you as a kid, think so, beyond comprehension and the senses/intellect, and therefore, a matter of faith...thank goodness.
Not a lot, friend.
The Simulation has begun.
If we don’t address what existed before the Big Bang….ie; what was the something that we call “the nothing” before the moment when everything instantly sprang into being…it’s obvious that the universe has always been here and it will forever be “here”….this expansion theory is small town thinking in the sense that it’s all predicated on the obsession of our tiny local “Big Bang”
Or not.
If you accept the concept of infinity, a lot of mathematical tools become useless.
?
This should be called Further from the Truth !
Have a rec for that funny comment.
we are nothingness that's what reality is expanding into us! God! fractalXX
The fact that this video on has 67k views in over 6 years is dumbfounding. Goes to show that the masses are only interested in entertainment value. Meanwhile we have gems like this going completely unnoticed. 🤦🏽♂️
Nietzsche could not tolerate himself.
So he considered God dead.
But in truth, God cannot be dead.
It was Nietzsche that was dead.
So he was dead.
In a world of insanity, everything is possible, for rejection of being insane.
Insane politicians run places, in the mental hospital of this planet patients (people) cheer,
then when they get slapped, they cry.
Even the future that does not exist along with the past is lamented for the people now.
Said my friend, Zoro
The Zoroaster
©
Metaphysician philosopher
My theory is that the universe eventually slows down and retracts back to the spot of the big bang and big bangs again and again and again.
All depends on your actual thoughts ...and beliefs. Because..... what if there is a god - and yeah ! Science doesn't prove there is ... or isn't.
And I guess ...you will only know - is ... if u meet him and talk to him. Then u will understand brother. Will make our home.. earth . Seem small
That's a pretty poor one m8 .... you've just put 2 + 2 together...and got a bang 🙂
We can't explain why our universe exists so let's invent an infinite amount of universes that we can't explain why they exist and can't prove their existence.
All that to escape God.
I wonder what Einstein would have to say about such fantasy.
He had his own fantasies. And so do all the other modern scientists. If we were being honest, we’d just say we don’t know.
he needs to sit up straight or he will have one bad top back neck issue
okay i know this is science but compare to this god doesnt seem to be that far fetched
Lets Ask a so-called "EXPERT" about his THEORY of what might happen in the FUTURE, when he has NO IDEA if his ASSUMPTIONS are TRUE or are limited to only his MATERIAL WORLD VIEW... and then Lets BELIEVE HIM... and pay him lots of money to keep coming up with such WILD UNPROVEN FANTASY PREDICTIONS... What a wonderful and useful exercise!
Pocket universe ? where's the scientific proof of these pocket universes he speaks of ? multiverse is just a theory , but they talk about it like they've already proved it when they didn't .
he literally began by saying if you asked 8 cosmologists youd get 8 answers. This is him speaking based on his model.
The multiverse hypothesis is backed by math, and is why many believe it.
@@themanofshadows That’s not true , we don’t have any mathematical or any other evidence of multiverses, I don’t know how you don’t see that the whole thing is a mythical fantasy, we don’t even know where our universe ends, we’re going to pretend to know what’s on the outside of it ? if you do have mathematical evidence please show me where ,
I'm down with Mr. Guth but all this is Mary Poppins type stuff...
YOu won't be there to prove that you're right or wrong. So this isn't science.
An infinite number of universes and I'm stuck in one containing Trump voters. Sad!
Sounds like a personal problem, van.
The other universes are worse! Believe me! You're lucky to be in a moron universe.
More frighteningly: there are likely an infinite number of such universes . . .
there are infinite number of universes with Trump voters lmao
more frightening is morons thinking the greatest idiot (Trump) in history is the greatest President in history.
Or, God created everything.
llessa
A valid argument. Chapeau!
but who created god?
its an infinite regression, who created and masters the one created god etc... I call this the hierarchy, where gods infinite mind is infinitely nothing and just utter shit to the higher ones, etc... which in turn are infinite shit to ever greaters.... ad infinitum, something humans with finite brains can never in eternity remotely comprehend, even total omniscient minds would explode to it
"Who Created God" does not Invalidate the Possibility that we are not LIMITED to a MATERIAL SCIENCE explanation of the Origin of the Universe. Modern Science and its anti-Theistic WORLD VIEW limits itself from Critical thinking by excluding the Possibility of causes beyond our comprehension and observable abilities...
Science by its very definition i.e. incremental improvement through hypothesis and then proven theory, is incompatible with God since God cannot be proven. Science certainly isn't limited by non-acceptance of God. Maybe you can explain what is to be gained by accepting there is a God? All I can see is a lot of murder and oppression stretching back thousands of years. Science, conversely, seems to have done just fine without God. I wont list all the benefits as Ill be here all year, but infant mortality rate improvement is as good as any.
Such a stupid question. No one knows what will happen in the future
I like Alan Guth and what he has done for cosmology, but... Piling assumptions on top of each others is not science. What happened to observations that need simple explanations? Where is progress regarding dark matter and dark energy? All this multiverse nonsense is just that.
Herbert Kilian
He isn't claiming every statement made here is true; They're postulations, like mathematical axioms.
Besides, there's far more falsifiability here than in string theory or other concepts people love to consider these days.
It would be disingenuous to claim he understands every mechanic of inflation. He is just being honest and elucidating his train of thought.
His thoughts are entirely logical to me. We need to keep working on it.
Fake news . God spoke and it was so
Pseudoscience at best.
+ByRTD yO (byRTD) His theory has been confirmed in an astonishing way. Educate yourself.
djbanizza Then, prove it. Pro tip: You can’t ;)
Next.
ByRTD yO
I don't have to prove anything, there's enough literature on the topic for anyone interested.
djbanizza That's not a proof, and hint----> There's a reason why they are called theories and hypotheses. Theories are backed up by some evidence and are constantantly changing and being falsified, so you cannot say that his theory has been confirmed without getting laughed at by philosophers, that's point number one ( for you). Second of all, if you're gonna take a hypothesis as a proof, you might wanna take big foot seriously and start spouting your stupidity on that one since there is as much evidence on big foot than there are on what this pseudo-scientist is saying. So, educate yourself next time you comment. ;)
I was talking about inflation theory which is backed up by astounding evidence. The predictions it made, were contradicting observation at the time they were made, so yes inflation theory was/is falsifiable.