The Man Who Modernized China
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- čas přidán 3. 06. 2024
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In today's video we look at the history of China's economic development. When Mao Zedong died in 1976 his successors seized the opportunity to reassess the wisdom of Chinas rigid commitment to Marxist doctrine. With Deng Xiaoping in charge, China scoured the globe in search of economic expertise to put China on the path to domestic prosperity and ultimately global economic power.
The World Bank describes China’s growth as “the fastest sustained expansion by a major economy in history,” In today's video we try to understand what changes were made that allowed China to grow to become the second largest economy in the world.
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China is not a superpower. It is a paper tiger.
People who study Chinese history will see a close parallel between the “Red Guards” in cultural revolution and the “woke mob” in current American society. So many young Americans admire Communism it’s a chilling reality
@@finsterb1I'm gay
I’m not sure that China does qualify as a superpower. They have an inability to show up and show they mean it.
Of course I’m thinking in military terms.
Unbelievably good article in the economist about the PLA that might tickle your fancy Patrick.
Fun fact, Montargis, a small town in the middle of France has a Deng Xiao Ping square, the mayor of the town has also been called to come see Deng in China because he worked there in his youth and has fond memories. Thanks to that, the French-Chinese bond in Montargis might be one of the strongest in France with multiple associations regularly exchanging students and a local high school teaching Mandarin.
No one modernized China. China's modernization is the result of the joint action of the Chinese people's will and historical opportunities. The poverty and failure of exploration in the Mao era made the Chinese feel that they must learn from the East Asian countries of Japan and South Korea. This attempt began in 8964 , because of this, Deng Xiaoping was forced to carry out reform and opening up while maintaining the party-state system. The historical opportunity is globalization. Global production requires circulation, and China's cheap labor force is just a need. Western capital also needs economic colonies. Everything will proceed naturally under the special circumstances of that era. No one modernized China. It was the Chinese who saw the success of other countries in East Asia. This group consciousness forced the Communist Party to make changes
🤣🤣🤣@@ddzg-pp3jz
Hi, everyone! I am a worker with a Chinese "peasant identity" (under Chinese identity politics and household registration system, farmers are considered the lowest end of the population). After Professor Qin Hui's ideological enlightenment and awakening, I very agree with Professor Qin Hui's point of view: in the current context of globalization, the constitutional democratic system is being challenged by the autocratic Chinese model (that is, bad money drives out good money). Democratic countries around the world must deeply understand and understand the fact that since the CCP came into power in 1949, hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers have worked hard to pay public food, agricultural taxes The construction of water conservancy projects for free provided the CCP with the original financial accumulation at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Under the family planning policy, Chinese farmers were forced to have abortions, ligation and ring fencing, and payment of fines for excess births. Farmers were restricted by the household registration system in rural areas and could not move freely, leading a serf like life. During the three-year period from 1959 to 1961, there were no natural disasters at all. It was entirely due to Mao Zedong's policies such as the "Great Leap Forward" and "Great Steel Refining" that local officials, in response to Mao Zedong's policies, falsely reported ultra-high grain yields and plundered the surplus food of farmers, which resulted in the tragic starvation of 40 million people in human history. The vast majority of these were farmers, At that time, not a single Communist official starved to death. After China's reform and opening up in 1980, the first generation of farmers went to cities to work as construction workers, sanitation workers, cleaners, and miners Waiting for the most tiring and dirty jobs, China joined the WTO in the early 21st century under the background of economic globalization. For example, the second generation of farmers entered red sweatshops as workers, manufacturing cheap goods for the world. Due to the lack of independent trade unions to fight for their legal rights, they could not enjoy social welfare benefits such as work-related injuries, unemployment, medical care, elderly care, housing, and children's education in urban areas, Their children were forced to return to rural areas for education due to their household registration as "farmers" and the "school district housing" system, resulting in the world's largest tragic situation of left behind children and elderly people living alone in rural areas in China. Nowadays, the first generation of farmers have become old and lose their ability to work. They are ruthlessly driven back to the countryside and struggle to make ends meet with a monthly pension of over 100 yuan. The minimum standard for urban household registration is over 2000 yuan per month, which is more than 20 times that of rural household registration. Communist Party officials enjoy privileges and benefits, and the annual medical and health expenses are as high as several million yuan. National level officials spend one billion yuan on tourism in a year. Due to the enormous sacrifices and contributions of these two generations of Chinese farmers, China has become the world's second-largest economy. However, the Chinese farmer group has received exploitation and negative welfare treatment time and time again in the process of national wealth distribution and redistribution, while civil servants and high-ranking officials within the Communist Party system enjoy privileges and high welfare treatment. The Communist Party government utilizes the advantage of low human rights and cheap labor to attract a large amount of international financial capital investment, making China the largest red sweatshop in the world. The reason why cheap goods made in China are popular worldwide is due to the "low human rights" and "negative welfare" of the Chinese "farmer identity" worker group. Even if they work overtime for extended periods of time every day, they barely survive with a meager income. To change the Communist Party government's use of the "low human rights" and "negative welfare" system of China's vast vulnerable group of farmers in unfair competition in the globalized trade market, democratic countries around the world have the responsibility to supervise and pressure the Chinese government to demand an increase in the human rights and social welfare protection of hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers and disadvantaged groups, in order to solve the problem of trade fairness under economic globalization. The trade sanctions imposed by the United States and anti-dumping measures by the European Union cannot solve the problem of trade deficits. If democratic countries believe that the human rights and welfare protection of hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers and vulnerable groups are not related to you, it will gradually lead to a decrease in the standards of wages and welfare protection for labor in democratic countries (such as left-wing political parties in the United States proposing policies to reduce social welfare protection), because although labor in various countries cannot move freely, But capital is profit driven and can flow freely. Which capitalist doesn't like a labor market like China without strong trade unions. If the human rights and welfare standards of Chinese "farmer identity" workers cannot be gradually raised to align with those of democratic countries, then the human rights and welfare standards of democratic countries' workers can only be gradually lowered to align with those of Chinese "farmer identity" workers (this can be seen from the documentary "American Factory"). Democratic countries around the world cannot turn a blind eye to the history of labor tears behind China's "peasant identity" after enjoying nearly 40 years of cheap goods and economic benefits made in China. Please stop having illusions about the CCP and implementing appeasement policies. While paying attention to the human rights of Xinjiang, Tibet, Hong Kong and people in exile, it is more important to pay attention to the human rights situation of all Chinese people, Only by constantly putting pressure on the CCP to improve the human rights of all Chinese people and the welfare protection of vulnerable groups, cultivate the rights awareness of Chinese citizens and taxpayers, help China establish free and independent trade unions, learn from the welfare accountability of Polish Solidarity Trade Union, force financial openness and budget transparency, will China gradually embark on the path of constitutional democracy. A free and democratic China is indispensable for the stability and peace of the world, and it is also a responsibility that democratic countries around the world cannot evade, because we are all citizens of the Earth. I hope that people with conscience around the world can work together to make constitutional democracy overcome dictatorship, let good currency overcome bad currency, and make this world more civilized.
Funnest fact, India didn't make any of Mao's mistakes, not even one of them. So, Indians have avoided all of Mao's mistakes. Better yet, in terms of a capitalist economy and openning to the West, all Indian leaders are Deng Xiao Ping. In short, India has none of Mao and tens of Deng Xiao Ping. Compared with China, Indians have done everything right and nothing wrong. Get it?
that is super cool - goes to show how important interpersonal connections are for bridging cultural gaps
How can you forget about Deng's visit to Singapore in 1978 which arguably was even more important than the Japanese one!
Yeah the whole idea of special economic zones was modelled on Singapore, the layouts and infrastructure are literally cut and paste.
@@wormsblink2887China sent a lot of people to study Singapore and now China is Singapore v2
Hi, everyone! I am a worker with a Chinese "peasant identity" (under Chinese identity politics and household registration system, farmers are considered the lowest end of the population). After Professor Qin Hui's ideological enlightenment and awakening, I very agree with Professor Qin Hui's point of view: in the current context of globalization, the constitutional democratic system is being challenged by the autocratic Chinese model (that is, bad money drives out good money). Democratic countries around the world must deeply understand and understand the fact that since the CCP came into power in 1949, hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers have worked hard to pay public food, agricultural taxes The construction of water conservancy projects for free provided the CCP with the original financial accumulation at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Under the family planning policy, Chinese farmers were forced to have abortions, ligation and ring fencing, and payment of fines for excess births. Farmers were restricted by the household registration system in rural areas and could not move freely, leading a serf like life. During the three-year period from 1959 to 1961, there were no natural disasters at all. It was entirely due to Mao Zedong's policies such as the "Great Leap Forward" and "Great Steel Refining" that local officials, in response to Mao Zedong's policies, falsely reported ultra-high grain yields and plundered the surplus food of farmers, which resulted in the tragic starvation of 40 million people in human history. The vast majority of these were farmers, At that time, not a single Communist official starved to death. After China's reform and opening up in 1980, the first generation of farmers went to cities to work as construction workers, sanitation workers, cleaners, and miners Waiting for the most tiring and dirty jobs, China joined the WTO in the early 21st century under the background of economic globalization. For example, the second generation of farmers entered red sweatshops as workers, manufacturing cheap goods for the world. Due to the lack of independent trade unions to fight for their legal rights, they could not enjoy social welfare benefits such as work-related injuries, unemployment, medical care, elderly care, housing, and children's education in urban areas, Their children were forced to return to rural areas for education due to their household registration as "farmers" and the "school district housing" system, resulting in the world's largest tragic situation of left behind children and elderly people living alone in rural areas in China. Nowadays, the first generation of farmers have become old and lose their ability to work. They are ruthlessly driven back to the countryside and struggle to make ends meet with a monthly pension of over 100 yuan. The minimum standard for urban household registration is over 2000 yuan per month, which is more than 20 times that of rural household registration. Communist Party officials enjoy privileges and benefits, and the annual medical and health expenses are as high as several million yuan. National level officials spend one billion yuan on tourism in a year. Due to the enormous sacrifices and contributions of these two generations of Chinese farmers, China has become the world's second-largest economy. However, the Chinese farmer group has received exploitation and negative welfare treatment time and time again in the process of national wealth distribution and redistribution, while civil servants and high-ranking officials within the Communist Party system enjoy privileges and high welfare treatment. The Communist Party government utilizes the advantage of low human rights and cheap labor to attract a large amount of international financial capital investment, making China the largest red sweatshop in the world. The reason why cheap goods made in China are popular worldwide is due to the "low human rights" and "negative welfare" of the Chinese "farmer identity" worker group. Even if they work overtime for extended periods of time every day, they barely survive with a meager income. To change the Communist Party government's use of the "low human rights" and "negative welfare" system of China's vast vulnerable group of farmers in unfair competition in the globalized trade market, democratic countries around the world have the responsibility to supervise and pressure the Chinese government to demand an increase in the human rights and social welfare protection of hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers and disadvantaged groups, in order to solve the problem of trade fairness under economic globalization. The trade sanctions imposed by the United States and anti-dumping measures by the European Union cannot solve the problem of trade deficits. If democratic countries believe that the human rights and welfare protection of hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers and vulnerable groups are not related to you, it will gradually lead to a decrease in the standards of wages and welfare protection for labor in democratic countries (such as left-wing political parties in the United States proposing policies to reduce social welfare protection), because although labor in various countries cannot move freely, But capital is profit driven and can flow freely. Which capitalist doesn't like a labor market like China without strong trade unions. If the human rights and welfare standards of Chinese "farmer identity" workers cannot be gradually raised to align with those of democratic countries, then the human rights and welfare standards of democratic countries' workers can only be gradually lowered to align with those of Chinese "farmer identity" workers (this can be seen from the documentary "American Factory"). Democratic countries around the world cannot turn a blind eye to the history of labor tears behind China's "peasant identity" after enjoying nearly 40 years of cheap goods and economic benefits made in China. Please stop having illusions about the CCP and implementing appeasement policies. While paying attention to the human rights of Xinjiang, Tibet, Hong Kong and people in exile, it is more important to pay attention to the human rights situation of all Chinese people, Only by constantly putting pressure on the CCP to improve the human rights of all Chinese people and the welfare protection of vulnerable groups, cultivate the rights awareness of Chinese citizens and taxpayers, help China establish free and independent trade unions, learn from the welfare accountability of Polish Solidarity Trade Union, force financial openness and budget transparency, will China gradually embark on the path of constitutional democracy. A free and democratic China is indispensable for the stability and peace of the world, and it is also a responsibility that democratic countries around the world cannot evade, because we are all citizens of the Earth. I hope that people with conscience around the world can work together to make constitutional democracy overcome dictatorship, let good currency overcome bad currency, and make this world more civilized.
You are free to believe whatever you want to believe. I just wish you could see that India didn't make any of Mao's mistakes, not even one of them. So, Indians have avoided all of Mao's mistakes. Better yet, in terms of a capitalist economy and openning to the West, all Indian leaders are Deng Xiao Ping. In short, India has none of Mao and tens of Deng Xiao Ping. Compared with China, Indians have done everything right and nothing wrong. Get it?
@@user-vp1vl6yp9t wow the amount of brainwashing, the do nothing wrong india has 1/6 of China's gdp and need double of percentage gdp growth per year none stop than they have now to even catch up to china in 30 years. Well done if thats not great leaders than I dont know what is am i right?
It is important to study facts and not indulge too much in anti-China or pro-China propaganda. I am glad to see Patrick understands that. That speaks to his professional integrity as an analyst.
Patrick helps us learn about the situations from all sides and historic situations. This is almost like a history and economic lesson that helps us understand the world today.
Yes, it's academic integrity at its best.
It’s anti-CCP, not anti-China. That’s a major dog whistle for CCP supporters. You’re equating the criminal, genocidal, and illegitimate CCP with all of China. The CCP doesn’t represent China.
Anti-China propaganda is pretty rare. To say bad things about the CCP all you need is the truth. It is one of the most evil governments on earth.
@@monipenny408 he didn't need to say that. He knew there would be an angry person in the comments who would do it for him.
As Chinese, i am surprised that this episode really captures the important unrestness of those years.
Hi, everyone! I am a worker with a Chinese "peasant identity" (under Chinese identity politics and household registration system, farmers are considered the lowest end of the population). After Professor Qin Hui's ideological enlightenment and awakening, I very agree with Professor Qin Hui's point of view: in the current context of globalization, the constitutional democratic system is being challenged by the autocratic Chinese model (that is, bad money drives out good money). Democratic countries around the world must deeply understand and understand the fact that since the CCP came into power in 1949, hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers have worked hard to pay public food, agricultural taxes The construction of water conservancy projects for free provided the CCP with the original financial accumulation at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Under the family planning policy, Chinese farmers were forced to have abortions, ligation and ring fencing, and payment of fines for excess births. Farmers were restricted by the household registration system in rural areas and could not move freely, leading a serf like life. During the three-year period from 1959 to 1961, there were no natural disasters at all. It was entirely due to Mao Zedong's policies such as the "Great Leap Forward" and "Great Steel Refining" that local officials, in response to Mao Zedong's policies, falsely reported ultra-high grain yields and plundered the surplus food of farmers, which resulted in the tragic starvation of 40 million people in human history. The vast majority of these were farmers, At that time, not a single Communist official starved to death. After China's reform and opening up in 1980, the first generation of farmers went to cities to work as construction workers, sanitation workers, cleaners, and miners Waiting for the most tiring and dirty jobs, China joined the WTO in the early 21st century under the background of economic globalization. For example, the second generation of farmers entered red sweatshops as workers, manufacturing cheap goods for the world. Due to the lack of independent trade unions to fight for their legal rights, they could not enjoy social welfare benefits such as work-related injuries, unemployment, medical care, elderly care, housing, and children's education in urban areas, Their children were forced to return to rural areas for education due to their household registration as "farmers" and the "school district housing" system, resulting in the world's largest tragic situation of left behind children and elderly people living alone in rural areas in China. Nowadays, the first generation of farmers have become old and lose their ability to work. They are ruthlessly driven back to the countryside and struggle to make ends meet with a monthly pension of over 100 yuan. The minimum standard for urban household registration is over 2000 yuan per month, which is more than 20 times that of rural household registration. Communist Party officials enjoy privileges and benefits, and the annual medical and health expenses are as high as several million yuan. National level officials spend one billion yuan on tourism in a year. Due to the enormous sacrifices and contributions of these two generations of Chinese farmers, China has become the world's second-largest economy. However, the Chinese farmer group has received exploitation and negative welfare treatment time and time again in the process of national wealth distribution and redistribution, while civil servants and high-ranking officials within the Communist Party system enjoy privileges and high welfare treatment. The Communist Party government utilizes the advantage of low human rights and cheap labor to attract a large amount of international financial capital investment, making China the largest red sweatshop in the world. The reason why cheap goods made in China are popular worldwide is due to the "low human rights" and "negative welfare" of the Chinese "farmer identity" worker group. Even if they work overtime for extended periods of time every day, they barely survive with a meager income. To change the Communist Party government's use of the "low human rights" and "negative welfare" system of China's vast vulnerable group of farmers in unfair competition in the globalized trade market, democratic countries around the world have the responsibility to supervise and pressure the Chinese government to demand an increase in the human rights and social welfare protection of hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers and disadvantaged groups, in order to solve the problem of trade fairness under economic globalization. The trade sanctions imposed by the United States and anti-dumping measures by the European Union cannot solve the problem of trade deficits. If democratic countries believe that the human rights and welfare protection of hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers and vulnerable groups are not related to you, it will gradually lead to a decrease in the standards of wages and welfare protection for labor in democratic countries (such as left-wing political parties in the United States proposing policies to reduce social welfare protection), because although labor in various countries cannot move freely, But capital is profit driven and can flow freely. Which capitalist doesn't like a labor market like China without strong trade unions. If the human rights and welfare standards of Chinese "farmer identity" workers cannot be gradually raised to align with those of democratic countries, then the human rights and welfare standards of democratic countries' workers can only be gradually lowered to align with those of Chinese "farmer identity" workers (this can be seen from the documentary "American Factory"). Democratic countries around the world cannot turn a blind eye to the history of labor tears behind China's "peasant identity" after enjoying nearly 40 years of cheap goods and economic benefits made in China. Please stop having illusions about the CCP and implementing appeasement policies. While paying attention to the human rights of Xinjiang, Tibet, Hong Kong and people in exile, it is more important to pay attention to the human rights situation of all Chinese people, Only by constantly putting pressure on the CCP to improve the human rights of all Chinese people and the welfare protection of vulnerable groups, cultivate the rights awareness of Chinese citizens and taxpayers, help China establish free and independent trade unions, learn from the welfare accountability of Polish Solidarity Trade Union, force financial openness and budget transparency, will China gradually embark on the path of constitutional democracy. A free and democratic China is indispensable for the stability and peace of the world, and it is also a responsibility that democratic countries around the world cannot evade, because we are all citizens of the Earth. I hope that people with conscience around the world can work together to make constitutional democracy overcome dictatorship, let good currency overcome bad currency, and make this world more civilized.
真的，我也觉得讲的非常好，将毛主席到邓小平再到习大大中国这么多年的发展讲解的非常准确到位。❤
As a Chinese national born in and lived through that era of the history I want to say this is easily one of the most accurate and well informed video of the topic. I really appreciate that.
So you lived through that era and couldn't tell that the photo at 02:33 is so wrong. The corpse is Kim Jong Il of North Korea, not the Memorial of Mao. If a westerner wants to seriously talk about China, he has to do his homework carefully. Otherwise, it only makes him look funny and ignorant, no matter how knowledgeable he thinks he is, or you think he is, about this sophisticated coming superpower.
@@user-iq8pe2is6nI usually listen to youtube videos like this. Can you find anything wrong in what he said? Sounds more you want to make a hen of a feather…
@@sebastianlindberg3302 Ha, so you think the video track is usually unnecessary or meaningless anyway, so when you have your ears, your eyes are worthless. Well, your ears may also be deceived, if you do not have a brain to research and analyze by yourself.
@@sebastianlindberg3302lots of inaccuracies in this video but it’s obvious due to one sidedness taken only from the English texts .
@@sebastianlindberg3302 why would you even argue with an obvious bot. Just look at that machine generated username.
What has been left out of this excellent account is the part played by Singapore's Lee Kuan Yew, who made a deep impression on Deng when he visited Singapore. Later China sent thousands upon thousands of officials to Singapore to learn its system of economic development and management. Xi Jinping himself went in the 1980s. Singapore also helped China to set up the Suzhou Industrial Park as a model for China's development in other regions. In this way, China learned modern economic management, greening of the environment, market system, etc. Goh Keng Swee (Singapore's finance minister and chief economic architect) was sent as an economic adviser for China. Lee Kuan Yew told Deng, Singapore is only a small country, China could do a thousand times better... and that is what happened.
What was crucial to China in the early stages of economic development was the role played by the overseas Chinese investors who went to invest in China when the Western world was reluctant to do so, because of the many red tapes and backward bureaucratic system, as well as a lack of trust in a communist administration.
the Suchou Industrial Park was only recently profitable. it is a symbol of friendship, not just economic investment
Lots of facts left out in this video . Much of it obviously taken from western texts.
There's a story of how the Chinese copied the Suzhou Industrial Park (SIP) concept and set up a competing Industrial Park, and would "hijack" or lure potential investors away from the SIP to their own industrial park. This hobbled the SIP which was unable to be profitable... until Singapore divested some of their shares in the park to the Chinese. When the Chinese became the major shareholders of the SIP, THEN it began to be more successful/profitable.
The Singapore factor is minor contribution only.
Speedy pickup in early and mid 1980's was the entrance of factory from HK to China mainland and quickly followed by Taiwan to mainland, these were mainly light industry. HK had the light industry established in early 1960's and Taiwan had the same in late 1970's.
Also Deng set up the industrial zone at Southern Coast in late 1970's.
This is correct, China is a Giant Singapore, if looking closely into Chinese political system and economy policy, China has 80% similarity as Singapore. The difference is China has vast land, including inner land where is under developed area due to lack of sea routes for trade., Therefore, 1 belt 1 road is a project to link Chinese inner land with neighbouring countries to boost trade and bring properity.
Deng wasnt the only person. People who came after him and guys who worked on the nitty gritty like Zhu Rongji had made remarkable contributions to their nation building. Even Mao had played his part by eviscerating domestic opposition(Same effect as that of the French Rev. except more top down) allowing the state to draft and implement policies much more effectively than in a society with "freedom". Deng started the reforms but China's reforms and growth didnt stop with him. Evry leader that followed him committed to his prioritization of growth and reforms to warying degrees. China's success warts and all speaks for itself.
I agree! And we also need to give credits to millions of migrants contribution to the country!
YOUR voice-cadence-delivery is Amazing, not a single unnecessary utterance.
I thought I would Skim through to the spoiler, instead I was immediately intrigued, even sat thru the ad.
I’m subscribing.
Cheers
I sometimes use it to fall asleep. I mean that as a compliment 😊
As someone who wrote a dissertation on China and has been studying it and visiting it since 1987, I think this is the best concise summary of Chinese economic development after Mao that I’ve seen on CZcams.
I have learned so much from Mr Boyle’s videos. Thank you!
excellent video. thanks.
You missed a crucial visit by Deng to Singapore.
He was amazed how prosperous and modern Singapore is and more so the majority Chinese Singaporeans are immigrants from southern China.
Singapore established industrial zones in China to help China understand how these works. At the same time all mayors senior government officials from China were sent to Singapore to understand the governance system.
This is a more important visit to Japan.
Boyle has missed out the role of Singapore/ Lee Kuan Yew played in the modernization of China. See remarks by James Koh. Many senior Chinese officials and Mayors were sent to Singapore in the 80s-90s to learn about urban management, public housing, waste management, airport management, education, etc.
Singapore is a SAR like HongKong to China at best 🎉!
@@sawyermcgill2799
Many of the policies (socialist in nature) in China came from Singapore. - Hong Kong had little to nothing to offer China in terms of policies because it was under British rule.
Otherwise, why would Deng visit Singapore in 1978, and what was the rationale for the Sino-Vietnam conflict before the establishment of the SEZ?
@@sawyermcgill2799See Charlie Munger.
@sjaw Grossly overstated
Rubbish. As a Chinese, both you and the OP grossly oversimplified China's rise to trivial reasons without understanding the deep social revolution that underpinned the rise. You think study urban plan is a main reason?😂
Always good to wake up to a new Patrick Boyle video! From here in anchorage Alaska, keep up the amazing work!
Very in-depth research. my respect!
Wonderful walkthrough of this important topic.
algorithm stuff....love your channel...
Wow that's a ton of research summarized in such a digestible format. Thank you!
Excellent reporting
Thanks Patrick nice one
Excellent video. Thank you for it.
Great video Pat
Excellent analysis
Nice content appreciate.
An excellent, magisterial presentation. I learned a great deal here. Thank you for posting this superb yet concise lesson.
What did you find most interesting or surprising?
Ai generated Voice!
Bravo Patrick!
Thank you for this in-depth report
Love a premier from Patrick.
Fascinating stuff as always
Can we also all take a moment to appreciate that Patrick doesn't have a cut every 5 seconds, he's a proper lecturer, not very common on youtube :)
To lift 800 million people out of poverty is a remarkable feat
They didn't. They just redefined poverty to be lower the the international standard. China is still an incredibly poor country with one of the worst wage gaps in the world.
@@VariaBugwho told you？
@ice Not if your failed government policies put them in said poverty lol
Exactly@@VariaBug
@VariaBug That's demonstrably wrong. the eradication of poverty in China is a well known and studied phenomenon, it's the main contributor to the global drop in people living under the poverty threshold in the past few decades. A simple Google search will show you that.
Also, China Gini coefficient is about the same as the US's, so while inequalities are high it's nothing like you pretend it to be.
Very interesting, wow.
I have much respect for Deng than M. Thanks for the very interesting historical narratives.
Always amazed me why most Westerners never able to see the culture, mentality, determination of Chinese to regain China premier position, while keeping low key for long term success. Most countries complain about evilness colonization, only Chinese view as humiliation to be overtook by the West
Awesome documentary
Fantastic post!.....thank you!
Interesting and informative
Quite an interesting video except for a skewed perspective on the Tien Ann Men incident. It is quite widely accepted now that there was no such incident at Tien Ann Men Square. The Tankman wasn't preventing the tanks from crushing the demonstrators ... he was preventing them from exiting the square and going back to their bases. The Spanish ambassador then witnessed the incident.
lol
This is great!
Thanks!
Thank You!
Excellent M. Boyle. Could be used as a course in a university. Very well done.
说的很中肯😊！作为经历者，非常敬佩感谢邓公。
Oh so you're intimately aware that 100% of modern china's wealth comes from the capitalist parts? The ccp policies chained the people economically and starved them physically. Mao killed upwards of 60million with his preschool level political policies. Only during the short periods when chinese people were allowed partial capitalism did the people grow wealthier. The ccp certainly wasn't responsible for the early 2000s china, that was all the Chinese people, seizing opportunities. The ccp has done nothing but starve, divide, and quash it's people.
This is a good video which describes the modern Chinese economy in the practical manner.
Thank you.
Cheers for that
Its a good day with a new PB video on deck. I always learn at least something. Thank you for sharing.
Always an education. Thank you for taking the time to prepare such an informative and entertaining video
He even took the time to read up on CCP propaganda. And include it in the script. No mention of Maos manufactured greatest famine in all of human history. And Dengs tank antics. 1989 June 4th.
Yay! Always a good day when Patrick does a release!
Fantastic analysis, as always! Your latest videos are truly gems! Keep up the good work!
As usual, an economist can explain history better than most historians. Now if they could just become better at explaining the future 🤔
Nobody can do that. Especially not the people who say they can.
林毅夫，世界银行首席经济学家，也是让中国快速发展的经济学家。他把中国的现在和未来讲的非常清楚。他说过，中国的经济如果没有政治影响，没有战争，不被打压，还可以保持8%的速度增长12年。成为全球最发达国家。之后开始放缓，只能以2%的速度持续增长。
@@dapan978at what point did he say it would begin to slow down?
@@70kg589when China becomes a developed country, and China has still some regions that still have potentials for growing. There is now a shift to internal consumption and services to enhance the quality of life and narrowing of income gaps.
Hi, everyone! I am a worker with a Chinese "peasant identity" (under Chinese identity politics and household registration system, farmers are considered the lowest end of the population). After Professor Qin Hui's ideological enlightenment and awakening, I very agree with Professor Qin Hui's point of view: in the current context of globalization, the constitutional democratic system is being challenged by the autocratic Chinese model (that is, bad money drives out good money). Democratic countries around the world must deeply understand and understand the fact that since the CCP came into power in 1949, hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers have worked hard to pay public food, agricultural taxes The construction of water conservancy projects for free provided the CCP with the original financial accumulation at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Under the family planning policy, Chinese farmers were forced to have abortions, ligation and ring fencing, and payment of fines for excess births. Farmers were restricted by the household registration system in rural areas and could not move freely, leading a serf like life. During the three-year period from 1959 to 1961, there were no natural disasters at all. It was entirely due to Mao Zedong's policies such as the "Great Leap Forward" and "Great Steel Refining" that local officials, in response to Mao Zedong's policies, falsely reported ultra-high grain yields and plundered the surplus food of farmers, which resulted in the tragic starvation of 40 million people in human history. The vast majority of these were farmers, At that time, not a single Communist official starved to death. After China's reform and opening up in 1980, the first generation of farmers went to cities to work as construction workers, sanitation workers, cleaners, and miners Waiting for the most tiring and dirty jobs, China joined the WTO in the early 21st century under the background of economic globalization. For example, the second generation of farmers entered red sweatshops as workers, manufacturing cheap goods for the world. Due to the lack of independent trade unions to fight for their legal rights, they could not enjoy social welfare benefits such as work-related injuries, unemployment, medical care, elderly care, housing, and children's education in urban areas, Their children were forced to return to rural areas for education due to their household registration as "farmers" and the "school district housing" system, resulting in the world's largest tragic situation of left behind children and elderly people living alone in rural areas in China. Nowadays, the first generation of farmers have become old and lose their ability to work. They are ruthlessly driven back to the countryside and struggle to make ends meet with a monthly pension of over 100 yuan. The minimum standard for urban household registration is over 2000 yuan per month, which is more than 20 times that of rural household registration. Communist Party officials enjoy privileges and benefits, and the annual medical and health expenses are as high as several million yuan. National level officials spend one billion yuan on tourism in a year. Due to the enormous sacrifices and contributions of these two generations of Chinese farmers, China has become the world's second-largest economy. However, the Chinese farmer group has received exploitation and negative welfare treatment time and time again in the process of national wealth distribution and redistribution, while civil servants and high-ranking officials within the Communist Party system enjoy privileges and high welfare treatment. The Communist Party government utilizes the advantage of low human rights and cheap labor to attract a large amount of international financial capital investment, making China the largest red sweatshop in the world. The reason why cheap goods made in China are popular worldwide is due to the "low human rights" and "negative welfare" of the Chinese "farmer identity" worker group. Even if they work overtime for extended periods of time every day, they barely survive with a meager income. To change the Communist Party government's use of the "low human rights" and "negative welfare" system of China's vast vulnerable group of farmers in unfair competition in the globalized trade market, democratic countries around the world have the responsibility to supervise and pressure the Chinese government to demand an increase in the human rights and social welfare protection of hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers and disadvantaged groups, in order to solve the problem of trade fairness under economic globalization. The trade sanctions imposed by the United States and anti-dumping measures by the European Union cannot solve the problem of trade deficits. If democratic countries believe that the human rights and welfare protection of hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers and vulnerable groups are not related to you, it will gradually lead to a decrease in the standards of wages and welfare protection for labor in democratic countries (such as left-wing political parties in the United States proposing policies to reduce social welfare protection), because although labor in various countries cannot move freely, But capital is profit driven and can flow freely. Which capitalist doesn't like a labor market like China without strong trade unions. If the human rights and welfare standards of Chinese "farmer identity" workers cannot be gradually raised to align with those of democratic countries, then the human rights and welfare standards of democratic countries' workers can only be gradually lowered to align with those of Chinese "farmer identity" workers (this can be seen from the documentary "American Factory"). Democratic countries around the world cannot turn a blind eye to the history of labor tears behind China's "peasant identity" after enjoying nearly 40 years of cheap goods and economic benefits made in China. Please stop having illusions about the CCP and implementing appeasement policies. While paying attention to the human rights of Xinjiang, Tibet, Hong Kong and people in exile, it is more important to pay attention to the human rights situation of all Chinese people, Only by constantly putting pressure on the CCP to improve the human rights of all Chinese people and the welfare protection of vulnerable groups, cultivate the rights awareness of Chinese citizens and taxpayers, help China establish free and independent trade unions, learn from the welfare accountability of Polish Solidarity Trade Union, force financial openness and budget transparency, will China gradually embark on the path of constitutional democracy. A free and democratic China is indispensable for the stability and peace of the world, and it is also a responsibility that democratic countries around the world cannot evade, because we are all citizens of the Earth. I hope that people with conscience around the world can work together to make constitutional democracy overcome dictatorship, let good currency overcome bad currency, and make this world more civilized.
This is super interesting!
Just shared, on YT places... 👍
Thank you for this excellent introduction to the history of modern China. That was much needed.
There was another factor you touched on - foreign investment by the Chinese diaspora particularly in S.E. Asia including Taiwan. They provided the much needed capital that other institutions were not willing to provide.
very true, and that Deng was riding on the population's fatigue with Maoism hence their heightened proclivity to radical change
Both HK and Taiwan capital and technology in light industry and factory moving to China mainland were very important in the kickoff stage in 1980's.
This is true. Even now Im Indonesian, I would very much happy to invest in China
True. The oversea Chinese contributions to help their kin overcome adversities cannot be overstated.
Hong Kong capital, along with Taiwanese, perhaps is the biggest reason.
A woman was walking one cold morning when she came upon a snake on the trail half frozen to death. 'Please save me kind woman', the snake pleaslded, 'save me or I will surely die'. The woman picked it up and brought it home and placed it in a box before the fire and soon it was revitalized. Overcome with emotion the woman picked up the snake and held it to her bosom only to have the snake rear back and bite her. 'But why snake?', she asked. 'I saved you and you are poisonius and now I will surely die'. 'You silly woman', hissed the snake as it slithered off, 'you knew I was a snake before you ever took me in'.
Thanks
China had always been a superpower in Asia, they just had a lull during the period of the Great Game.
Like so many times before, their conquerors come and go, and a new "dynasty" takes over to rebuild the country from the ground up.
Just business as usual in this part of the world. Only difference is the person we kowtow to now is not called "Emperor" and the tributes are a little different from those in antiquity.
They have always been over obedient insects capable of big moves but in lockstep, with no variety.
Wow, that is a great suit. I wish I was an Irish economist and academic just so I could wear that suit. Sublime. ☘️
Interesting.
The most pivotal moment came when Lee Kuan Yew invited Deng Xiao Ping to Singapore. Kuan showed Xiao the infrastructure and said, "These are built by our boys from Guangdong & Fujian". That's when Xiaoping decided the Chinese can get rich & glorious. He set out the journey by creating 4 Singapores - Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai & Chongqing.
Absolutely brilliant as usual Patrick
A modern country that guards peace as strong as any, it's the goal of most countries ! Chinese people are not as aggressive as Japanese people. In history, whenever Japan became independent and powerful internally, it would start to invade and expand, occupying neighboring countries. This was proven several times in history. Since the Tang Dynasty, Japan began to invade Korea after completing its internal unification, but was defeated by the allied forces of Korea and Tang. Since the Ming Dynasty, it began to invade Korea, mainland China, and Ryukyu again. Later, it started to expand crazily until World War II, successively occupying Korea, Taiwan, most of mainland China, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, and even the northern part of Australia, killing tens of millions of people.
This was fantastic work pulling all this together.
Boyle is the coolest
How these videos are so amazing im still not sure.
Patrick's ability to give comedic punches in his narration of serious subject is undisputed. LOL
Nothing short of a miracle
Your video opened my eyes about how little I know about the modern history of China. Great video 👍
Love your videos, Patrick!!!
This is an incredibly informative and well composed history video, thank you for educating the masses.
It's just a condensation of history which leaves out more than it says. One could watch this and come to the wrong conclusion that Deng was into openness but Mao wasn't. SMH
@@dashong8912 idk to me the video puts it very clearly that both have similar political ideology but Deng was more open about how the economy should be structured.
@@bryf2787 The real story is much more nuanced than what a short video can impart. Unfortunately Patrick's video only reinforces certain wrong perceptions. If you are interested in this topic I suggest the book Ten Crises by Professor Wen. Or you can watch his youtube lectures, 10 in all to explain China's economic journey from 1949 to the 2020/21.
0⁰😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊😊00⁰0⁰0000
@@dashong8912 will do, thanks for the suggestion
最好的中國近代分析。Thank You Patrick
You are totally wrong about the protest in 1989. I was there, the students were protesting against rampant corruptions, not againt CPC in public life. If anything, students want the government to be more involved and punish the corrupt officials.
Amazing video, I have written a few essays in uni about the subject. A shame that youtube is nuking it with like 7 ads in 15mns.either way great video, boss man
u2ube and the economy as a whole are not doing well. ads make money for u2ube and content creators. they are also blasting channels with ads because they want to make it unbearable for the viewer in hopes that the viewer will sign up for premium membership.
Such a great informative channel
Brilliant…
Really enjoyed this.💙uk
Good take on China history and economy.
I think so too.
@@agoodchow thanks for the comment 😊!
Really enjoyed this video. Takes me back to an economics class I took in uni called the Rise of China and India.
when the fck did india rise?
India?
#111 in Hunger index
#161 in Freedom Press index
#126 in Happy index
#139 in GDP per capita
#132 in HDI index
#148 in Women, Peace And Security Index
excellent review - thank you
Now there's a video I can share with friends when I tell them about Deng.
Thank you Professor❤ I watch EVERYTHING you post in a heartbeat!
Very well structured documentary vlog, with Patrick’s own signature satire at points.
I learned a lot. Thank you Patrick!
I totally agree.👍
I felt there was no satire in this one. He gave it full respect it deserves.
@@damssen3234 Then watch it again. You may notice three to four instances of short poignant satirical comments of certain governments and politicians.
From a CZcamsr who cannot even use the right photo? Nah... 02:33, the corpse is Kim Jong Il of North Korea, not the Memorial of Mao. If a westerner wants to seriously talk about China, he has to do his homework carefully. Otherwise, it only makes him look funny and ignorant, no matter how knowledgeable he thinks he is, or you think he is, about this sophisticated coming superpower.
Deng is a great man
My ultumate goal in life is to be free of all bias, Patrick is one of the few people that have achievef quite a good sense of this
No he hasn't. Or, he's SO unbiased he doesn't even realize half the talking points included were manufactured by the ccp to make them look better. Mao is a serial murderer. He starved upwards of 60 million of his people and shrugged it off. His whole thing was "china has so many people, we could even lose 300million and have 300 million left" he looked at his people like livestock, and treated them like it too.
I've watched every CZcamsr talk about the rise of China, now I'm watching Patrick Boyle do it.
Why?And what is so special that a Country of around 1.3 billion people becomes a Superpower?
Ok
I so wish I could watch you watch Patrick. Let me know next time Merle and I will get my popcorn.
And what are you doing now?
And...?
How can someone like you not know the difference between CCP (Chinese Communist Party) vs CPC (Communist Party OF China)?? This is a legit question. It's all about "Legal Representation", guess which one doesn't have it?
We used to eat chicken food in the 60s during very difficult times, now we pretty much matched western lifestyle in only 4-5 decade s🎉
As always, an excellent presentation.
Thank you.
Exactly what Mr Lee Kuan Yee said.He greatly admired him for transforming what China is today.unfortunately many young chinese are not aware of this.
No... I am Chinese and at least lots of my friends like Deng and know what he had done.
I would say lots of them do know, though there are sadly a number who blndly worship mao.
@@Jinkypigs Deng also worship mao
笑死了，你们这些弱智，邓小平这个包子喂饱你了，前面的粗粮就不重要了吗，把功劳都给邓小平，你们这类猪是在侮辱邓小平吗？
@@Jinkypigs Chinese young people all know that, Chairman Mao led us to stand up, and Deng Xiaoping led us to become rich. And to tell you the truth, Deng himself was known as the biggest mao's fan.And Deng Xiaoping clearly emphasized in an interview: I will not be China's Khrushchev, and we will not treat Chairman Mao like the Soviet Communist Party treated Stalin.
Smash that like!
Is it safe to assume that the quality of a country (in almost every regard) can be summed up by the delta between its per capita GDP and mean income?
From outside China and being non Chinese speaking, hats off for Mr Boyle' knowledge on Chinese history.
One fact to add, months before Mao died, he sent part of his own personal security team and secret agents to protect Deng. And commanded no one, including the gang of four, can overturn this decision.
According to Chinese Dynasty stories, this is a clear sign of Emperor's succession.
I really enjoy that you go into the history of the individual politicians in china rather than treating the whole country as one entity like the country balls that other youtubers use
It's an abstraction, talking about individual politicians doesn't paint the picture on what influenced them or how things got done either. You can always go several levels down, but it makes the story harder to follow.
It's like saying Apple made the iphone, and then say Steve Jobs made it. Both are abstractions that oversimplify things in order to be concise
@@user-xl5kd6il6c it depends on the context. Saying Apple made the iPhone makes more sense because it was the entire team of Apple engineers that made the iPhone together.
But here it would be wrong to just say "and then China opened up its economy" because that makes it seem random. It is important, in this case, to explain the change in leadership that influenced the change in economic policy.
Amazing video as always.
You did mention that Deng Xiaoping never showed any emotion but you did include footage of him looking pretty happy and somewhere carefree with his cowboy hat when he toured the US.
Never heard of pretense?
I actually learned something I didn't know.
Nice suit
William Hinton is one of the best English language authors for understanding Chinese history as a whole, with a great deal of context behind it, though he does expect a bit of prior knowledge regarding Chinese history, culture, and geography. His book Fanshen zooms in on a single Chinese town to use its history as a microcosm which represents the vast upheaval that is 20th century Chinese history. Another good author is Eric Hobsbawm (for a broader historical background regarding the rise of socialism, and its successes and failures, in Europe, Latin America, and Asia).
Both are Sino-apologists.
@@spitezorwhy? Because they don't make stuff up about China like Peter Navarro, Mike Pompeo, Gordan Chang, and etc.?
@@jsc3417If you're going to use an example of someone who makes stuff up about China, I'd suggest you mention Peter Zeihan. Though even he simply gives the least generous interpretation of China's current status and future, rather than making stuff up. Navarro, Pompeo, Chang are all more generous than Zeihan - and again, Zeihan simply uses the trick of citing the most negative possible research about China.
William Hinton is a tool. If Zeihan is a grifter getting off on creating an anti-China narrative, Hinton is a moron at best and an utterly paid shill at worst. The man is an avowed Marxist promoting the agenda of a country which has as much in common with Marxism as Nazi Germany. Chinese capitalists can do anything to their population so long as they serve the state.
And by comparison to Hobsbawm, Hinton is a deep thinker.
@@spitezor both use information they obtained from a wide array of verifiable sources. Hinton specifically, speaks and reads Mandarin, and has the necessary background in East Asian history, geography, culture, politics, and ethnography to speak on the topic of China, and he does so without the orientalist attitudes (read a summary of Orientalism, by Edward Said if you're unfamiliar with that term) that's prevalent in almost all mainstream political media. It's gotten so bad, that many Americans are believing just about anything ridiculous they hear about the country, even when it is obviously a lie proliferated by a religious cult that falls apart at even the slightest scrutiny. If you have any objections with what they write, check their references first to see what, exactly, you are disagreeing with.
@@spaffyjimble2317 Well, not really. William Hinton was not merely the most underwhelming member of a line of Hinton family intellectuals. He was a hardcore Marxist ideologue. His writings from the beginning of reform and opening clearly show that he'd have preferred for the Chinese to be uniformly dirt poor and socialist rather than everyone enjoy higher standards of living but with inequality. One doesn't need to sift through references in Hinton's writings to see that he was ideological to the point of being highly unreliable. And his Chinese was in fact pretty poor. Quite broken, really. Sure, he was very hard done by for many years in the United States, but that doesn't change the fact that he was simply a useful idiot for the CCP. If one wants a critical, highly informed perspective on a range of issues in modern China, one might take a look at the body of documentaries by William Hinton's daughter, Professor Carma Hinton.
Thank you,Patrick for a detailed analysis of China in early days.
At hind sight,many agreed that if 1989 unrest went on,China would be fragmented,it will never be what it is today,not forgetting it is a vast country with many ethnic groups and cultural differences,an iron hand at that point of time was the only option,n there is no looking back.
你挺聪明。👍
1989年，邓小平再次拯救了中国。如果不是邓小平，中国会和前苏联分裂后一样面临经济断崖式下跌，会出现严重的政治动荡，会引发战争。
感谢邓小平，我们中国的伟人！
即使1989年动乱延续，中国也不会分裂，我们可以看一看历史，中国经历过多次分裂但是最终还是会同一，这和欧洲不一样。
不是像欧洲经历过亚历山大大帝 凯撒 拿破仑最终还是会走向分裂。
因为中国虽然民族众多，但始终有主体民族，也就有主体的文化。即使历史上有过多次少数民族统治时期(元 清等等)，他们也在继续延续这一准则。这造就了中国的历史，也形成了中国始终会走向统一的历史历程。
并且1989年的动乱并没有西方所形容的那么大的影响力。 如果真的存在那种严峻的情况，今天共产党又怎么会继续执政？ 人民不会反抗吗？
@@fenglihei 一切的指责都基于政治需求，当交流谈判无法解决政治需求的时候，就是战争爆发的时候
Absolute Banger
9:46 few do these subtle digs better than Patrick...