100+ Computer Science Concepts Explained

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  • čas pƙidĂĄn 4. 05. 2024
  • Learn the fundamentals of Computer Science with a quick breakdown of jargon that every software engineer should know. Over 100 technical concepts from the CS curriculum are explained to provide a foundation for programmers.
    #compsci #programming #tech
    🔗 Resources
    - Computer Science undergrad.cs.umd.edu/what-com...
    - CS101 Stanford online.stanford.edu/courses/s...
    - Controversial Developer Opinions ‱ Reacting to Controvers...
    - Design Patterns ‱ 10 Design Patterns Exp...
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    🔖 Topics Covered
    Turning Machine
    CPU
    Transistor
    Bit
    Byte
    Character Encoding ASCII
    Binary
    Hexadecimal
    Nibble
    Machine Code
    RAM
    Memory Address
    I/O
    Kernel (Drivers)
    Shell
    Command Line Interface
    SSH
    Mainframe
    Programming Language
    Abstraction
    Interpreted
    Compiled
    Executable
    Data Types
    Variable
    Dynamic Typing
    Static Typing
    Pointer
    Garbage Collector
    int
    signed / unsigned
    float
    Double
    Char
    string
    Big endian
    Little endian
    Array
    Linked List
    Set
    Stack
    Queue
    Hash
    Tree
    Graph
    Nodes and Edges
    Algorithms
    Functions
    Return
    Arguments
    Operators
    Boolean
    Expression
    Statement
    Conditional Logic
    While Loop
    For Loop
    Iterable
    Void
    Recursion
    Call Stack
    Stack Overflow
    Base Condition
    Big-O
    Time Complexity
    Space Complexity
    Brute Force
    Divide and conquer
    Dynamic Programming
    Memoization
    Greedy
    Dijkstra's Shortest Path
    Backtracking
    Declarative
    Functional Language
    Imperative
    Procedural Language
    Multiparadigm
    OOP
    Class
    Properties
    Methods
    Inheritance
    Design Patterns
    Instantiate
    Heap Memory
    Reference
    Threads
    Parallelism
    Concurrency
    Bare Metal
    Virtual Machine
    IP Address
    URL
    DNS
    TCP
    Packets.
    SSL
    HTTP
    API
    Printers
  • Věda a technologie

Komentáƙe • 2,3K

  • @beketbarlykov1302
    @beketbarlykov1302 Pƙed 2 lety +5392

    No one can deny that the most important CS concept in this video is 101st computer science concept. You just simply cannot let grandma down

    • @vaisakhkm783
      @vaisakhkm783 Pƙed 2 lety +100

      yes... and it is the hardest...
      don't forgot about toster...

    • @mustafaa.4690
      @mustafaa.4690 Pƙed 2 lety +125

      I mean, you are a computer scientist, so you should be able to fix every kind of electronic device of software.

    • @zemoxian
      @zemoxian Pƙed 2 lety +40

      @@mustafaa.4690
      F that. I had to work with MFPs in grad school teaching programming labs. Ye olde dot matrixe MFPs. I don’t know how much of the lab time was taken up by trying to get stuff to print for the students.
      The only thing worse was the network delays which had a tendency to freeze students out for half the class.
      I’m sure a number of times I wanted to say that I only work with software. You’re on your own for printer issues.

    • @sajibsrs
      @sajibsrs Pƙed 2 lety +16

      I had to fix the solar connection problem as well.

    • @devinwalker9202
      @devinwalker9202 Pƙed 2 lety +3

      I saw your PFP and had to wonder what Karma Akabane would do if he knew CS and his grandma asked him for printer help.

  • @dorobokino
    @dorobokino Pƙed 2 lety +8085

    As someone who just graduated with a CS degree, I can confidently say that you successfully condensed 4 years of my life into 13 minutes. Well done!

    • @Mr-lq6wm
      @Mr-lq6wm Pƙed 2 lety +88

      actaully just a gist not whole thing

    • @Mr-lq6wm
      @Mr-lq6wm Pƙed 2 lety +98

      not condensed but evoporate đŸ€ŁđŸ€Ł

    • @sr.luisraytraceiii2422
      @sr.luisraytraceiii2422 Pƙed 2 lety +36

      The lack of I type and J type instructions and the lack of MOVE.B type statements is something I observed..

    • @paraboo5475
      @paraboo5475 Pƙed 2 lety +10

      Also the first fact already contains a mistake.

    • @I1UVD0ck
      @I1UVD0ck Pƙed 2 lety +101

      You did not learn any discrete math, stats, A.I., machine learning, Computer vision, computer security, etc? Because he only cover the surface.

  • @sirajahmed8034
    @sirajahmed8034 Pƙed rokem +1379

    I can imagine how overwhelming this video would've been for me if I watched it when I was a beginner, but this works very well for people who already have some experience in programming by summarizing and also including some concepts you may not have been aware of, but could understand easily if you spent some time learning about them.

    • @sirajahmed8034
      @sirajahmed8034 Pƙed rokem +28

      @xFTOxGold It's alright, you'll get there, one step at a time. Don't try to skip over essentials that might make your life harder later on, and you'll be fine. A lot of self taught devs might brag about being able to land jobs after just 3 months but I'd argue it's probably a full year for the average person before they're job ready (that was the case for me too), and could take longer or shorter depending on the efficiency of your learning and since we're self taught, efficiency is a huge factor and could even be a matter of luck (nobody can truly measure their own learning efficiency as they're learning).

    • @sirajahmed8034
      @sirajahmed8034 Pƙed rokem +12

      @xFTOxGold I started when I was 23 after wasting (arguably) 5 years in university, you're way ahead of me already. :) Good luck mate.

    • @ghostek7792
      @ghostek7792 Pƙed rokem +5

      perfectly encapsulated

    • @garbagetrash2938
      @garbagetrash2938 Pƙed rokem +4

      If someone is new to computer science should I maybe not send this to them? Idk if it will be helpful or scary.

    • @itscristianpop
      @itscristianpop Pƙed rokem +18

      As a beginner, some of this was genuinely helpful, but other things went over my head!! I am trying my best and definitely not giving up!

  • @dhruvishah9077
    @dhruvishah9077 Pƙed rokem +227

    I could litterly see my 4 years computer science related subjects one by one, this is so amazing. Because even after knowing the subject or topic,it was very difficult for me to combine all of these and make some sense out of it. This connected dots so well for me,now I finally understood the digital,to computer organisation, data structures,class,algo, OS,Memory, Network subjects,that how all these get connected and work simultaneously. I wish I could have watched this earlier. This is by far the best video I have watched in my whole journey 🎉.

    • @aniketsrivastava1870
      @aniketsrivastava1870 Pƙed 10 měsĂ­ci +3

      normally we are taught these things one by one and that too not in the correct order thats why we can't connect the dots simultaneously
      we are taught these things in the order of their difficulty level

    • @dhruvishah9077
      @dhruvishah9077 Pƙed 10 měsĂ­ci +3

      @@aniketsrivastava1870 I agree, I think every lecture/course should do this, the practical usage and how the subject is connected to it's large impact. Where exactly this is getting used, this is just a great story telling. This video for me was like watching an explanation video for a bad movie(my degree). I finally got the whole idea , but this should have happened while I was learning.

    • @aniketsrivastava1870
      @aniketsrivastava1870 Pƙed 10 měsĂ­ci

      @@dhruvishah9077 wow looks like I found someone who literally hates there college education system just like me😄

    • @mikabreto
      @mikabreto Pƙed 9 měsĂ­ci +1

      This is like a great BBC series called CONNECTIONS that was hosted by James Burke and documented how one invention of the Industrial Revolution affected or led to another invention or even an entire industry. It threads the needle that weaves the fabric of our modern society.

    • @Carlospenamusic1
      @Carlospenamusic1 Pƙed 5 měsĂ­ci

      I've been thinking on getting a degree in CS, Is it hard to find good jobs in that field?

  • @mumujibirb
    @mumujibirb Pƙed 2 lety +2134

    We all wanted it.
    1. Turing Machine
    2. CPU
    3. Transistors
    4. Bit
    5. Byte
    6. Ascii Character Encoding
    7. Binary
    8. Hexadecimal
    9. Nibble
    10. Machine Code
    11. RAM
    12. Memory Address
    13. I/O
    14. Kernel
    15. Shell
    16. Command Line Interface
    17. Secure Shell Protocol
    18. Mainframe
    19. Programming Language
    20. Abstraction Principle
    21. Interpreted
    22. Compiled
    23. Executable
    24. Data Types
    25. Variable
    26. Dynamically Typed
    27. Statically Typed
    28. Pointer
    29. Garbage Collection
    30. Int
    31. Signed
    32. Floating Point
    33. Double
    34. Char
    35. String
    36. Big Endian
    37. Little Endian
    38. Data Structures
    39. Array
    40. Linked List
    41. Stack
    42. Queue
    43. Hash (Triangle is horse)
    44. Tree
    45. Graph
    46. Edge
    47. Algorithm
    48. Function
    49. Return
    50. Arguments
    51. Operators
    52. Boolean
    53. Expression
    54. Statement
    55. Conditional Logic
    56. While Loop
    57. Iterable
    58. For loop
    59. Void
    60. Recursion
    61. Call Stack
    62. Stack Overflow (E)
    63. Base Condition
    64. Big-O-Notation
    65. Time Complexity
    66. Space Complexity
    67. Brute Force
    68. Divide and Conquer
    69. Dynamic Programming (Nice)
    70. Memoization
    71. Greedy
    72. Dijkstra's Shortest Path
    73. Backtracking
    74. Declarative
    75. Functional Languages
    76. Imperative
    77. Procedural Langauges
    78. Multiparadigm Languages
    79. Object-oriented
    80. Class
    81. Property
    82. Method
    83. Inheritance
    84. Design Patterns
    85. Instantiate
    86. Heap
    87. Reference
    88. Threads
    89. Parallelism
    90. Concurrency
    91. Bare Metal
    92. Virtual Machine
    93. Ip-address
    94. URL
    95. DNS
    96. Transmission Control Protocol
    97. Packets
    98. Secure Sockets Layer
    99. HTTP
    100. Application Programming Interface
    101. *PRINTERS* (Even I don't know how they work)

    • @gameboyv1790
      @gameboyv1790 Pƙed rokem +4

      Thank

    • @Muhammad_Waleed
      @Muhammad_Waleed Pƙed rokem +4

      Niceeeee

    • @slimshadus
      @slimshadus Pƙed rokem +9

      Thank you bro or sis

    • @NASA-Educational
      @NASA-Educational Pƙed rokem +1

      t

    • @dineeshthapa457
      @dineeshthapa457 Pƙed rokem +57

      1. Error: An issue or problem that occurs during the execution of a program.
      2. Turing machine: A theoretical device that can compute anything that is computable.
      3. Central processing unit (CPU): The brain of a computer, responsible for executing instructions.
      4. Transistor: A tiny on/off switch that is an essential component of the CPU.
      5. Bit: The smallest unit of information that a computer can use.
      6. Byte: A group of eight bits.
      7. Binary: A system for counting that uses only two digits: 1 and 0.
      8. Hexadecimal: A base-16 numbering system that uses 10 numbers and 6 letters to represent a 4-bit group called a nibble.
      9. Machine code: The binary format that the CPU executes.
      10. Random access memory (RAM): Short-term memory used to store data for the CPU to use.
      11. Operating system: A layer of software that controls the hardware resources of a computer.
      12. Device driver: Software that allows an operating system to communicate with a piece of hardware.
      13. Shell: A program that exposes the operating system to the user via a command line interface.
      14. Secure shell (SSH) protocol: A network protocol that allows secure communication between computers.
      15. Programming language: A tool that allows humans to write instructions that a computer can understand and execute.
      16. Interpreted programming language: A programming language that is executed by an interpreter line by line.
      17. Compiled programming language: A programming language that is converted into machine code by a compiler before execution.
      18. Executable file: A file that can be run by the operating system without any extra dependencies.
      19. Data type: A classification of data that determines how it can be used and what operations can be performed on it.
      20. Abstraction principle: The idea of separating the details of how something works from the way it is used.
      21. Syntax: The set of rules that govern the structure of a programming language.
      22. Variable: A named location in memory that stores a value that can change.
      23. Constant: A named location in memory that stores a value that cannot change.
      24. Operator: A symbol that represents a specific operation to be performed on one or more values.
      25. Control flow: The order in which instructions in a program are executed.
      26. Conditional statement: A statement that executes a block of code only if a certain condition is true.
      27. Loop: A block of code that is repeated until a certain condition is met.
      28. Array: A data structure that stores a fixed-size sequential collection of elements of the same type.
      29. Linked list: A data structure that stores a dynamic collection of elements, each of which contains a link to the next element.
      30. Stack: A data structure that stores a collection of elements in a last-in, first-out (LIFO) order.
      31. Queue: A data structure that stores a collection of elements in a first-in, first-out (FIFO) order.
      32. Tree: A data structure that stores a hierarchical collection of elements, each of which has zero or more child elements.
      33. Graph: A data structure that stores a collection of interconnected nodes and edges.
      34. Hash table: A data structure that stores a collection of key-value pairs and allows efficient insertion, deletion, and lookup of values.

  • @saimanohara6399
    @saimanohara6399 Pƙed 2 lety +1576

    It's fun how learning is more of a speedrun these days which acts as a very good starter, motivating us to learn the remaining stuff by ourselves and now we have something of a map which we can follow instead of blindly jumping into stuff.

    • @aurelia8028
      @aurelia8028 Pƙed 2 lety +40

      That' a terrible way of learning

    • @xpni7526
      @xpni7526 Pƙed 2 lety +12

      lol i had the same thought, i come from esports and getting my webdev cert feels like grinding rank in competitive 😅

    • @Schytheron
      @Schytheron Pƙed 2 lety +9

      @@aurelia8028 Why?

    • @BboyKeny
      @BboyKeny Pƙed 2 lety +53

      @@aurelia8028 A concept map to use as labels, so you can use your tests to measure your understanding of the concepts.
      That's basically step 1 of Ultralearning by Scott H. Young

    • @jotomato
      @jotomato Pƙed 2 lety +48

      @@aurelia8028 having a big picture and see the mastery level versus your level is a very good way of measuring yourself.

  • @theena
    @theena Pƙed 2 lety +116

    That was astonishingly well written, edited and generally put together. Thank you for the work you put in, Jeff. That was a trip.

    • @stayhungry1503
      @stayhungry1503 Pƙed 4 měsĂ­ci

      if you think all this is being made by one person ive got a bridge to sell you buddy

  • @jeskah1931
    @jeskah1931 Pƙed rokem +62

    This is amazingly put, I’m starting a Computer Science degree in October and this just explained one of my 600+ page course books in 13 minutes đŸ˜­đŸ™ŒđŸŒ

  • @germancocca958
    @germancocca958 Pƙed 2 lety +950

    It's mind-blowing how you're able to explain so much in a single video, while being completely accurate, easy to understand and also funny. I think you're one of the best content creators on CZcams and this might be one of the best tech videos I've ever seen. Go Fireship!!

    • @ksprsky6750
      @ksprsky6750 Pƙed rokem +9

      He's not only a good programmer but also a good teacher.

    • @YannickMX2
      @YannickMX2 Pƙed rokem

      Except for IP addresses 😂
      12:10

  • @wlockuz4467
    @wlockuz4467 Pƙed 2 lety +1712

    From "In 100 seconds" to "100 concepts". Anime tier character development right here.

  • @shuaiber
    @shuaiber Pƙed 2 lety +58

    This is truly a work of art.
    Compacting all the fundamentals into a 13 minute video is a miracle.

    • @stayhungry1503
      @stayhungry1503 Pƙed 4 měsĂ­ci

      no need to schlobber all over his schlong

  • @kay6269
    @kay6269 Pƙed 2 lety +33

    I'm a senior in HS and I've taken CS for the past 2 years, & I'm so glad I can confidently say I know over 85% of the concepts shown here :)) Great video !

  • @aethermass
    @aethermass Pƙed 2 lety +803

    I have a master’s degree in CS. This is surprisingly accurate and entertaining. The part about hashes could have been fleshed out a bit more. Aside from that, great!! Also, completely true about printers.

    • @HiHelloHi
      @HiHelloHi Pƙed 2 lety +14

      Recursion too, a global variable for a recursive functions base case seems terrible.

    • @__jan
      @__jan Pƙed 2 lety +77

      There is quite a lot in this video that could be fleshed out, but that's probably not the point

    • @ahsanabrar880
      @ahsanabrar880 Pƙed 2 lety +2

      where i can learn these concepts in details like how cpu work, pointers, how programming languages work, how kernel work, etc. Now a days tutorials mostly focus on practical part. please recommend some book or tutorial thanks.

    • @HiHelloHi
      @HiHelloHi Pƙed 2 lety +6

      @@ahsanabrar880 Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces. It's free as a PDF online. My operating systems course used it as reference material. Seems to have good reviews too

    • @paraboo5475
      @paraboo5475 Pƙed 2 lety +4

      Pretty nice video indeed, but it's kinda funny how the first fact already contains a mistake. "In theory, Turing machines can compute anything" was proven wrong by the same guy who came up with Turing machines.

  • @MrGuyronen
    @MrGuyronen Pƙed 2 lety +994

    You’re just an absolute legend. I can’t even express the amount of help you provide people around the world with these videos. Truly one of a kind ❀

    • @ahsanabrar880
      @ahsanabrar880 Pƙed 2 lety

      where i can learn these concepts in details like how cpu work, pointers, how programming languages work, how kernel work, etc. Now a days tutorials mostly focus on practical part. please recommend some book or tutorial thanks.

    • @jaidendechon7960
      @jaidendechon7960 Pƙed 2 lety +2

      @@ahsanabrar880 I would recommend just looking up “how X works” on CZcams and I’m sure you’ll find helpful videos. Such as “How CPUs work” or “How the kernel works”

    • @jaidendechon7960
      @jaidendechon7960 Pƙed 2 lety

      Fireship videos are world class!

    • @ahsanabrar880
      @ahsanabrar880 Pƙed 2 lety

      ​@@jaidendechon7960 thanks, for a simple solution

    • @shashikantsingh6555
      @shashikantsingh6555 Pƙed 2 lety

      I agree with you bro

  • @CaptainWhitebeard
    @CaptainWhitebeard Pƙed 2 lety +18

    You know, I'm currently doing my Master Degree in Computer Science and sometimes I think: I haven't learned anything during all that time.
    Videos like that one show, how much stuff I see as self-evident in the meantime and furthermore how much besides of these basics I got to know during University.
    If you're thinking about studing it, do it man! It's one of the coolest and mentally demanding things you can do and the best thing: I've heard and seen a lot of arrogant and overbearing people in other courses (especially in law and business administration) - in computer sciene it feels like most of the people are waaay more relaxed, really want to help you and it often feels more like a big family of nerds helping each other out (Stack Overflow - I love you) to fix problems without all of that pointless "I am better than you" - mindset.

    • @dawnfire82
      @dawnfire82 Pƙed 8 měsĂ­ci

      Law schools have forced curves. You can't all get As, no matter how good you are.

  • @satyamsrivastava7809
    @satyamsrivastava7809 Pƙed rokem +1

    I am novice in computer science. I has been learning CS stuff since 1 year ago.
    Literally, You(Fireship) nailed it. You connects the CS JARGONS wonderfully and aesthetically.
    I loved it and understand it .
    Awesome work man.

  • @relaxxbizz7342
    @relaxxbizz7342 Pƙed 2 lety +2310

    thanks, legendary content. really appreciate the work you put into it

  • @imperialspence5106
    @imperialspence5106 Pƙed 2 lety +494

    Im wrapping up my second semester as a CSE major and I was pleasantly surprised to see that I've already learned a huge chunk of these concepts. I really love this field so far and I can't wait to learn more!

    • @nitin_puranik
      @nitin_puranik Pƙed rokem

      Finish the degree and get a job and work five years on crappy projects and watch all that feverish passion you're feeling now evaporate into thin air as you debug the same old shitcode the hundredth time 🙄

    • @gordonwatt
      @gordonwatt Pƙed rokem +15

      I've done four weeks of CS50x and I got to 60. All of a sudden it went way out of my wheelhouse,

    • @peak_911
      @peak_911 Pƙed 5 měsĂ­ci +2

      i learnt these in my school, when i was 15

    • @hayleybarbara1589
      @hayleybarbara1589 Pƙed 4 měsĂ­ci +5

      ​@@peak_911i learned these in the womb

    • @highviewbarbell
      @highviewbarbell Pƙed 4 měsĂ­ci +8

      ​@@peak_911i was doing tensor analysis on manifolds as a zygote.

  • @gabrielchcosta
    @gabrielchcosta Pƙed 2 lety +1

    Yes. This video summed up what half of I've learned in the last 4 years in the Computer Science course at my University. I thought I would do more programming though, but they just explained the essentials, you will have to learn most of it on your own.

  • @r_y_4557
    @r_y_4557 Pƙed rokem +4

    Man in 5 year of CS classes i never understood dynamic programming and you just explained it to me in literally 5 seconds

  • @jineethehandsome1608
    @jineethehandsome1608 Pƙed 2 lety +231

    Congratulations on your Guinness record for teaching 100+ things in 13 minutes

    • @vaisakhkm783
      @vaisakhkm783 Pƙed 2 lety +2

      Yes... someone should make a guinness record for the same.... most cs terns explained in 100 sec... :)

    • @surkesden
      @surkesden Pƙed 2 lety +2

      I don't believe that I wasted 4 years of my life for computer science degree.

    • @UberBossPure
      @UberBossPure Pƙed rokem

      @@surkesden hopefully you degree had more concepts and teached you deeply

  • @adivp7
    @adivp7 Pƙed 2 lety +264

    4:40 it's actually called a float because the decimal point is 'floating' instead of 'fixed'. That is float gives you variable decimal precision instead of fixed point numbers that give you fixed decimal precision.

    • @tapsfest23
      @tapsfest23 Pƙed 2 lety +11

      He did mention that in one of his shorts.

    • @hannes-
      @hannes- Pƙed 2 lety +9

      12:10 also has an IP-Adress 456.7.... first thing ain't no byte
      Also isn't it domain name system (not service)?

    • @cosmicegg1283
      @cosmicegg1283 Pƙed 2 lety +17

      The decimal animation was clearly implying just this lol

    • @cosmicegg1283
      @cosmicegg1283 Pƙed 2 lety +1

      @@hannes- its also refered here as a domain name server

    • @imaymakesomevids
      @imaymakesomevids Pƙed 2 lety +3

      That's literally what he said

  • @AdrianGarcia-vp1tq
    @AdrianGarcia-vp1tq Pƙed 2 lety +14

    Thank you very much jeff, I have been a landscaper for the last ten years, for 6 months I watch at least one of your videos a day, thanks to you tomorrow I have my first interview as a software engineer

  • @safalyarc4259
    @safalyarc4259 Pƙed rokem

    probably the best video about cs ive watched in months and that too wrapped in 13 mins, this aint no joke!

  • @greenbun
    @greenbun Pƙed 2 lety +598

    Not gonna lie, I’ve been feeling that hard imposter syndrome with learning to code lately, even after finishing freeCodeCamp’s JS course and feeling a bit lost but going through this entire video I can confidently say that I understand and know how to code 80% of what you mentioned here which has helped substantially with boosting my confidence that I’m on the right path. Thank you for always making such high quality, humor filled, and easy to understand videos on these topics. I also can’t overstate how helpful it is having code, images and graphics to relay such complex concepts. You’re a legend mate! đŸ»

    • @rodrigobostelmann8137
      @rodrigobostelmann8137 Pƙed 2 lety +12

      Try The Odin Project as well!

    • @greenbun
      @greenbun Pƙed 2 lety +9

      @@rodrigobostelmann8137 Definitely on my coming up list, I’ve been shuffling between following along to Traversy Media’s JavaScript playlist/walkthroughs and doing FCC’s courses but the Odin Project looks fantastic and already got it bookmarked to check out soon! Thank you for the recommendation! đŸ™ŒđŸŒ

    • @thepurplepanda4
      @thepurplepanda4 Pƙed 2 lety +21

      Well, programming is such an unbelievably small part of computer science. What he lists here has almost nothing to do with it after turing machines and basic notions of numeric representations.
      Truth be told, without a few years of dedicated study on things far more complicated than scripting, you almost have a right to be feeling like an imposter. Because you are, until you develop yourself.
      It's cool you are working on this, but you have a long, long way to go before you can call yourself anything more than a hobbyist.

    • @RM-xr8lq
      @RM-xr8lq Pƙed 2 lety +20

      look into CS50, it is completely free and available online, taught by Harvard/Yale every year
      it is their intro to computer science course, and will provide a very strong foundation. better than what you'd get in person at most highly ranked universities intro cs course actually
      it is really good for people with zero programming experience, or someone who has had just maybe a AP computer science/intro to programming class

    • @mrbaeman39lolman60
      @mrbaeman39lolman60 Pƙed 2 lety

      How does memory work, on the gates level?

  • @abhitruechamp
    @abhitruechamp Pƙed 2 lety +57

    5:08 The lower row of numbers would be swapped for little Endian notation

  • @francescagreetham1804
    @francescagreetham1804 Pƙed rokem +9

    Currently teaching myself to code and this was so helpful for solidifying ideas and concepts. Thank you

  • @Bretinator
    @Bretinator Pƙed rokem +1

    I love how precise he explained design patterns as just "all kinds of other ideas"

  • @jaredcohen9552
    @jaredcohen9552 Pƙed 2 lety +108

    5:09 I think there may be an error, the same image was used twice. I believe with little endian its actually 67, 45, 23, 01 from left to right (0x100 to 0x103)

    • @crackwitz
      @crackwitz Pƙed rokem +3

      ye little endian means the least significant bit/byte comes first, in memory/transfer order.

    • @johannes.sbw-media
      @johannes.sbw-media Pƙed rokem +2

      The image is indeed wrong.

    • @chaoluncai4300
      @chaoluncai4300 Pƙed rokem +1

      thx for clrifying, now i can go on with one less confusion

    • @markoselendic9633
      @markoselendic9633 Pƙed rokem

      Yup

  • @ZannaCrumpet
    @ZannaCrumpet Pƙed 2 lety +103

    I'm about 2 years into teaching myself programming alongside my full time job and this is one of the best videos I've ever seen! It's the background language and contexts we don't get from tutorials or experimentation, thank you so much!

    • @aethrya
      @aethrya Pƙed rokem +3

      How's it going?

    • @passportbro904
      @passportbro904 Pƙed 11 měsĂ­ci +4

      ​@@aethrya im 7 months in and plan to start applying for jobs maybe in another 3 months, just practicing all the concepts everyday, its boring, stressful, you need a reason to do this, I have one.

    • @4evrPrime
      @4evrPrime Pƙed 9 měsĂ­ci

      @@passportbro904 What's your reason?

    • @tziotzos
      @tziotzos Pƙed 9 měsĂ­ci +2

      This is like 4 years in university if you want to resolve all errors you encounter

  • @markayzenshtadt7200
    @markayzenshtadt7200 Pƙed 2 lety +49

    There’s a slight mixup regarding static and dynamic languages: in a dynamic language you can actually change the type of a variable mid program.
    This distinction is relevant for example in scala which is statically typed, but you don’t always have to declare types since it can infer the type from the provided value.

    • @dawnfire82
      @dawnfire82 Pƙed 8 měsĂ­ci

      The video is correct. You can change data types in static typing via casting.

    • @Bokto1
      @Bokto1 Pƙed 7 měsĂ­ci +2

      ​​@@dawnfire82no you can't. Casting does not change the type of a _variable_ , it just allows you to put _value_ into variables of a different type. In statically typed languages, a variable (name of a memory addresses set) will have the same type during its lifetime. Most of the time you are even forbidden from creating aliases of different types to the same memory locations.

  • @665Iron
    @665Iron Pƙed rokem

    You summed me up my entire CS career. I brought me memories! Nowadays you used to forget most of thst stuff, it hapoens the more you keep working

  • @SpikeMan277
    @SpikeMan277 Pƙed 2 lety +28

    I start my first day as a Software Developer tomorrow and looking at the concepts was refreshing and made me feel ready. I liked the explanations of each of the concepts because even someone with no prior knowledge can have an idea of what you are talking about. Great teacher 👍

  • @DavidCastillaGil
    @DavidCastillaGil Pƙed 2 lety +13

    This is pure gold. Straight to my reference watchlist. Thank you so much for your videos. Taking the time and effort to condensate so much knowledge into a couple of minutes. You may not go deeply into topics but these videos serve as a quick refresh for those who know, and as a starting guide for those who don't. It's really helpful for both cases and that's something I had never seen before on CZcams so keep it up, I really hope the best for your channel mate

  • @PropurtysChannel
    @PropurtysChannel Pƙed rokem +25

    I did CS in college for a year as a sophomore. I ended up doing a medical drop due to my health and it has been about 4 years since. I had to get on disability because I couldn't work, so I eventually decided to try and do a bootcamp, to at least hopefully start a career remotely that I can do whether I am sick or not. All that to say I chose a part time 6 month Fullstack Academy web dev bootcamp and it has taught me so much in a very short amount of time. I learned far more in the 2+ months I've been in it than the full year of CS classes.
    My CS classes used Java and they did not teach you how to use it at all. It had to be self taught and I did not expect that going into it. It was a huge challenge trying to keep up with learning the language while completing the required work. Most of the students had experience coding already which made their ability to absorb what was being taught way easier. After 4 years I had basically forgotten most of what I had learned syntax wise. So starting the bootcamp I was essentially a noob. But man not to advertise for them, but my instructors are awesome and like I said I have learned so much more than I ever could have alone. At least in a short amount of time like this. I'd say the course itself has taught 95% of these concepts. But I am only 2 months in out of 6 months. So here's hoping my coding career is fruitful and I can get my life back on track. Good luck to anyone else trying to get into this field!

    • @MrJfergs
      @MrJfergs Pƙed rokem +2

      Hey dude I hope things are going well.

    • @ZenithSound
      @ZenithSound Pƙed rokem +2

      been 4 months since you post this. hope u doing great!

    • @banane2279
      @banane2279 Pƙed rokem

      Best of luck to you!

    • @liandyardi7283
      @liandyardi7283 Pƙed 9 měsĂ­ci

      Hey i hope you're doing great, best of luck dude

  • @123arskas
    @123arskas Pƙed 2 lety +27

    Dude that was awesome. The way you connected all the terms...Every CS student should make a chart out of this video in my opinion. Thank you

    • @adrianbitsinnie1537
      @adrianbitsinnie1537 Pƙed rokem +1

      Not just CS majors but IS majors too lol that was a ton of useful info!

    • @bboynitro
      @bboynitro Pƙed 3 měsĂ­ci +1

      @@adrianbitsinnie1537is IS information science?

  • @yatharthshah
    @yatharthshah Pƙed 2 lety +14

    This broke down all the studying I have done for the last 5 years in a 13 minute video. Well done man.

  • @thomashansknecht1898
    @thomashansknecht1898 Pƙed 2 lety +117

    As someone with a Bachelors in Computer Science this video is pretty accurate and summarizes my college lessons pretty well in addition to giving me a confidence boost as I already learned 90%+ of these concepts. However, one area I definitely struggle in is printers as everyone expects me to be able to understand and fix their printers😂 Great video as always!

    • @corriedebeer799
      @corriedebeer799 Pƙed rokem

      Reminds me of this - czcams.com/video/N9wsjroVlu8/video.html&ab_channel=RP

    • @NuntiusLegis
      @NuntiusLegis Pƙed rokem +2

      I knew most of it as a hobbyist without any CS degree, by just having a C64 (with a lot of computer basics in the manual already) since the 80s and later having picked up some C and web programming.

    • @samuelmuldoon4839
      @samuelmuldoon4839 Pƙed rokem

      IT (Information Technology) is the study of how to fix broken computers. Computer Science is the study of how use a computer which is already in good working order. Comp Sci people are like race-car drivers and IT people are like car mechanics. If you learn both skills, then you can be a God among men.

    • @hermine4955
      @hermine4955 Pƙed rokem +1

      This is like the first 6 months of University, but it was definitely very accurate lol

    • @nikilragav
      @nikilragav Pƙed rokem

      Missing some discrete math, no?

  • @jackashii2588
    @jackashii2588 Pƙed 2 lety

    it litteraly gone throught at least 85%cof my CS degree modules and it gave all the "why" which is the most important thing out there !
    Thank you again for that awesome video !!!

  • @ranitchatterjee5060
    @ranitchatterjee5060 Pƙed rokem +1

    The way he went through all the concepts tells us how well he knows it all.

  • @mysandyballs
    @mysandyballs Pƙed 2 lety +22

    I cannot even imagine how long it would take to make a quality video like this! Bravo Jeff, and thank you.

  • @abcdefg91111
    @abcdefg91111 Pƙed 2 lety +19

    Oh wow a year of computer science just in 13 minutes.

    • @stachowi
      @stachowi Pƙed 2 lety

      school is for dummies.

  • @iamthatlazygamer
    @iamthatlazygamer Pƙed rokem +1

    I just cannot fathom how well put together the entire video is!!!
    Great work dude!!

  • @sunno7954
    @sunno7954 Pƙed 2 lety

    I wish I watched this video yesterday when they asked me about algorithms and recursion in an interview. This is pure gold, you're the best!

  • @AzerAnimations
    @AzerAnimations Pƙed 2 lety +17

    Love the video, and it is crazy how much more detailed these topics really are. The amount of work that was put into developing all the technologies we have right now is crazy. For example, he talked about RAM and the CPU, but the computer architecture for how we access RAM ( l1 cache, l2 cache, page table etc) and the interaction with the CPU through different channels is such a mind boggling process.

  • @mo_mo1995
    @mo_mo1995 Pƙed 2 lety +65

    12:13 The description here fits more to "Domain Name" instead of "URL". IP address is aliased to a domain name instead of a URL. DNS stores domain names instead of URL.

  • @anomaly7278
    @anomaly7278 Pƙed rokem +1

    Pretty much everything I have learned in computer science but in just 13 minutes and free of cost..
    great content

  • @universecode1101
    @universecode1101 Pƙed 2 lety +6

    Amazing job Jeff, this video can be a resource for the next 10 years. You created a new way to explain dev things

  • @VampiresDarkCreed
    @VampiresDarkCreed Pƙed 2 lety +41

    My multi thousand dollar college journey in a 13 min video. 😭
    Great video for topic reminders and to better inform me on other certain topics

  • @zefciu
    @zefciu Pƙed 2 lety +26

    26 - “figures out the type automatically” can also refer to type inference, which is not the same as dynamic typing. Something along the lines of “figures out the type of a variable when it is used” would be more precise.

    • @danielegvi
      @danielegvi Pƙed 2 lety +5

      Strong/weak typing, dynamic/static typing and explicit/inferred typing have got to be THE most massively misunderstood concepts in the entirety of computer science. So much incorrect information that's confidently regurgitated around, even by popular trusted sources.

    • @OFfic3R1K
      @OFfic3R1K Pƙed 2 lety +4

      More precise? We have an average of 1 concept per 8 seconds over here. I don't believe that your wording would make any difference to the intended viewer.

  • @iamtheV0RTEX
    @iamtheV0RTEX Pƙed rokem +7

    Nice summary! I would just add one more concept about recursion and the call stack at 8:03 which is that some programming languages (mostly the functional ones) include something called tail recursion (or tail call optimization). Tail recursion doesn't keep pushing onto the call stack; instead it overwrites the last call on the stack with the recursive call, which can result in potentially infinite recursion with finite memory space.

    • @yousefali995
      @yousefali995 Pƙed rokem +1

      If it overwrites the last call then how it returns from the call?

    • @iamtheV0RTEX
      @iamtheV0RTEX Pƙed rokem +4

      @@yousefali995 A stack frame consists of 1. The parameters to the function, 2. Memory allocated to hold all stack variables the function needs, and 3. The return address of the function that called it. In non-tail recursion, each recursive call allocates a new frame, with new parameters, new variable memory, and a new pointer that links back to the previous stack frame. But in tail recursion, the compiler optimizes it so each call just overwrites the previous parameters and variable allocations and reuses the return pointer, same as if you had just written a for-loop.

  • @phoneix24886
    @phoneix24886 Pƙed 2 lety

    This is 1st sem of cs engineering syllabus crammed into a 15 mins video. Great job. Heard of the term Nibble after a long time!

  • @michaelbooser2316
    @michaelbooser2316 Pƙed 2 lety +5

    Wonderful, more please! As a cs major your language videos have been great for figuring out which languages I want to try in the future, and other videos have been great review material! Thanks Fireship!

  • @jord_n
    @jord_n Pƙed 2 lety +148

    3:34 I think the important part of dynamic typing is that types are determined at runtime, and not at compile time. What you described is type inference, and it is not tied to dynamic languages.

    • @samuelswatson
      @samuelswatson Pƙed 2 lety +12

      I came here to say the same thing. Haskell, for example, is statically typed and has type inference.

    • @RalfVogler
      @RalfVogler Pƙed 2 lety +9

      The important point is that you can change the type of a variable. This makes it impossible to infer the type statically in all cases. So dynamic languages have the overhead of having to track the type at run-time (and can't type-check or optimize statically).
      It's pretty sad how popular JS & Python are while ML appeared 1973. Also crazy that TypeScript has static types and then we throw all information away and let the browser interpret JS...

    • @Bwallker
      @Bwallker Pƙed 2 lety +1

      @@RalfVogler This isn't entirely true either, since you can change the type of a variable in eg rust by redeclaring it.

    • @RalfVogler
      @RalfVogler Pƙed 2 lety +12

      @@Bwallker For the compiler it's a new variable that just uses the same name. I don't know Rust but I assume it's just shadowing the old binding or replacing it. That doesn't mean that you can change the type of a variable. In a dynamic language you could have a program point where you have a variable that has reaching definitions of different types (if random then x = 1 else x = "a") which can't happen in a static language.

    • @Adowrath
      @Adowrath Pƙed rokem +1

      @@RalfVogler *unless the language natively encompasses Union types, like Ceylon (though I think an associated definition is required or else inference fails, it's been a while since I've used Ceylon). Your point still stands though of course.

  • @tophearthbender675
    @tophearthbender675 Pƙed 2 lety +1

    My guy just summarized the whole 4 years of my cs degree in just 13 mins. You're a genius!

  • @nilanjanmukhopadhyay8369
    @nilanjanmukhopadhyay8369 Pƙed 2 lety

    I have been learning about programming and CS from 2020 on my own and it feels really good that I already knew almost all the concepts mentioned here, barring Little Endian and Big Endian.

  • @TheGitGuild
    @TheGitGuild Pƙed 2 lety +35

    I wish this video was existed when I was studying computer science. It is basically a visual dictionary of computer concepts. Brilliant!

  • @ofmouseandman1316
    @ofmouseandman1316 Pƙed 2 lety +32

    I love the ending:
    I've been developping for over 10 years now, and still there is 3 things I hate about computers
    -> Printers (That stop to work for no reason)
    -> Email setup (and all the additional shananigans that is added to "try" to prevent spam)
    -> Routers (that you have to plug and unplug in a certain order otherwise they can't figure out by themself how to autoretry connection to the modem)

    • @Sanchuniathon384
      @Sanchuniathon384 Pƙed 2 lety +1

      Printers in enterprise are a legit PITA. There's thermal receipt printers, they are their own special bit of fail, and we can go on forever about the different brands and interoperability with other brands and other OSes.

    • @ofmouseandman1316
      @ofmouseandman1316 Pƙed 2 lety +2

      @@Sanchuniathon384 I remember the Linus tries Linux videos.... when Linus is surprised that his printer works out of the box on Linux!

  • @oodee3257
    @oodee3257 Pƙed rokem +16

    Videos like this make learning a fun experience, great video!

  • @gibbyhart3203
    @gibbyhart3203 Pƙed rokem

    Clear and concise with plenty of prompts for further research. Keep it up!

  • @br19_yt
    @br19_yt Pƙed 2 lety +20

    You just summarized my whole 4 years in college in just 13 mins 😼, great job đŸ‘đŸ»

  • @mdzaidsiddiqui4262
    @mdzaidsiddiqui4262 Pƙed 2 lety +5

    This video taught me more than my CS teacher in school ever could. Thanks for the amazing content man!

  • @noir371
    @noir371 Pƙed rokem +1

    The way this flows together is honestly really impressive

  • @mustanggt5713
    @mustanggt5713 Pƙed rokem

    Woah that was one hell of an educational video on computer science is such less time . I have a masters in computer science but have forgotten a lot of the fundamentals. Thanks for igniting the fire to relearn . I appreciate you .

  • @harshsubhan2911
    @harshsubhan2911 Pƙed 2 lety +4

    A lot of information packed in only 13 minutes.Impressive man.

  • @Nerdimo
    @Nerdimo Pƙed 2 lety +3

    Great Video! It's really cool to see how different people have come with these ideas of structure that helped us create the internet. Knowing them is extremely important and It's great to have people like you sharing this content

  • @timothymurphy4669
    @timothymurphy4669 Pƙed rokem

    Amazing work! I love how you strung the concepts together.

  • @marcfiliuta
    @marcfiliuta Pƙed rokem

    This is EXACTLY what I needed. Precisely what I needed. Thanks!!!!

  • @zex992001
    @zex992001 Pƙed 2 lety +4

    This was the whole 4 years of university explained in 13 minutes! This was fantastic!

  • @Skuiggly
    @Skuiggly Pƙed 2 lety +16

    This is such an amazing summary of information. It really is incredible how succinctly you can explain these concepts.

  • @calculatedcustoms
    @calculatedcustoms Pƙed rokem

    The succinct style of this Computer Science summary is so refreshing compared to most of the fluff on CZcams. Just awesome.

  • @nikobaehr3638
    @nikobaehr3638 Pƙed rokem

    Damn a 13min video clarified the general definitions of 100 CS terms better than the 3 years in my CS degree program. Thank you.

  • @christianrodrigues1965
    @christianrodrigues1965 Pƙed 2 lety +8

    this video is so incredibly useful and informative, especially as a beginner software developer. thank you so much

  • @How-To-Premium
    @How-To-Premium Pƙed 2 lety +6

    I feel like I learned more about OS in this 13 minute video than I did an entire semester of Operating Systems...

  • @cubeslice
    @cubeslice Pƙed rokem

    This video basically summarized a year of basic EE and intermediate CS at my university. Amazing video.

  • @BernhardStrohmayer
    @BernhardStrohmayer Pƙed rokem

    Years of knowledge compressed into a few minutes. Great.

  • @crowlsyong
    @crowlsyong Pƙed 2 lety +36

    Not even 30 seconds in and this is insanely accurate, I'm laughing, I'm crying, I'm learning. I'm experiencing an entire lifetime of emotions. Amazing videos man. lol keep up the great work. Thank you so much.
    -noob developer/designer

  • @dawnfire82
    @dawnfire82 Pƙed 8 měsĂ­ci +10

    There is an error at ~5:10. The Big and Little Endian examples are identical. EDIT: Also, at ~12:24, the IP address on the right is invalid. IPv4 addresses are limited to a maximum value of 255 (which is actually not available for unicast...).

    • @jarek-rp8mk
      @jarek-rp8mk Pƙed 28 dny

      Not for unicast but for brotcast

  • @RayanMADAO
    @RayanMADAO Pƙed rokem

    Absolutely brilliant video. Helped me visualize all the concepts I've been learning and put them together

  • @HeadRecieverAtHeadOffice

    That was amazing, just finished first year comp sci and am pleasantly suprised I understand basically all of this now

  • @CuriousAnonDev
    @CuriousAnonDev Pƙed 2 lety +8

    Amazing video
    Loved it
    After a hectic day wasting all time in college and not learning anything, just to get a degree
    This video was somewhat like, yeah atleast I did *something* productive
    Maybe more videos like, you explaining solutions to some tricky questions, or explaining some data structure or algo in few minutes?

  • @High972
    @High972 Pƙed 2 lety +134

    Great video !
    12:22 The server IP address, is not valid. An IP address (v4) is composed of 4 parts of 8 bits, so the biggest decimal number is 255.

    • @randomgeocacher
      @randomgeocacher Pƙed 2 lety +36

      Fairly sure he spammed a bunch of minor but obvious errors to get engagement. Calling TLS SSL is another. Difference between name and URL also got a bit confused. I attribute at least 50% of this as intentional engagement baiting rather than true mistakes :)

    • @brianmorin
      @brianmorin Pƙed rokem +3

      Going from OOP to Inheritance to the the gang of 4 book is another. Design patterns prefer composition over inheritance.

    • @philippebaillargeon5204
      @philippebaillargeon5204 Pƙed rokem +3

      @@randomgeocacher To be fair SSL was more of an inacurracy than an error, since it was the protocol used before TLS and basically is the same thing. They just changed the name when the Internet Engineering Taskforce decided to improve the protocol. But technically speaking you are right.

    • @snooks5607
      @snooks5607 Pƙed rokem +3

      also 12:12 domain name is a part of URL not alias to one

    • @slinkychungus2044
      @slinkychungus2044 Pƙed rokem +1

      @@philippebaillargeon5204 People use SSL interchangeably with TLS. Or they say SSL/TLS.

  • @shauryakansal1081
    @shauryakansal1081 Pƙed 4 měsĂ­ci

    thanks so so much! loved the video. made me, a begineer so much more oriented and confident :)

  • @carinabeck-hansen
    @carinabeck-hansen Pƙed 4 měsĂ­ci

    You got me, my understanding of how my aptly named garbage code actually works is flawed at best. Love your channel đŸ„°

  • @gabrieldoon
    @gabrieldoon Pƙed 2 lety +9

    I'm graduating with my CS degree next Friday, but I'm still watching this video because there's absolutely no way I'm skipping a single Fireship video.

  • @sharbelokzan9673
    @sharbelokzan9673 Pƙed 2 lety +7

    "It's called a shell because it wraps the kernal"
    I know what a kernal and shell are, but surprisingly never realized that refrence.

    • @samuelmuldoon4839
      @samuelmuldoon4839 Pƙed rokem +1

      I like to think of the shell as a plastic weapper around a piece of candy. 🍬

  • @theanswer1993
    @theanswer1993 Pƙed 2 lety

    This did a summary of my 3 years at university. Great job!

  • @simonmeier
    @simonmeier Pƙed rokem

    Amazing how well made your 101 videos are, great job.

  • @quentinlauterbach
    @quentinlauterbach Pƙed 2 lety +3

    this is such a great video. Really well thought trough structure and sequence of topics. Also Everything concise and to the point. I love it!
    (Kinda proud of myself for knowing each of the Concepts aswell^^)

  • @me_rinta
    @me_rinta Pƙed 2 lety +5

    You are incredible! I can’t imagine how difficult was putting all of this info together and make it flow into one another. This was both informative and a blast to watch đŸ”„

  • @harinissri3748
    @harinissri3748 Pƙed 5 měsĂ­ci

    it was such an amazing video. you have made me recall all the topics which i have learned for 5 years.

  • @samdroid37
    @samdroid37 Pƙed 2 lety

    wow. thank you!! i love videos like these so much.

  • @waficjazzar2655
    @waficjazzar2655 Pƙed 2 lety +4

    even if know 99.99% of these concepts it watched the whole video it feels comfortable and it is beast work well done👌

  • @ericsigne6575
    @ericsigne6575 Pƙed 2 lety +7

    Love how seamless the transition between concepts is. And am I the only one who just learned about big and little endian??

    • @Zeero3846
      @Zeero3846 Pƙed 2 lety

      They'll be an ever present concern when you're dealing with binary data formats and protocols. Also, text encoding formats that involve multi-byte characters.

  • @sthede1000
    @sthede1000 Pƙed rokem

    Honest and true, I knew everything on the list, maybe a little sketch on some of the dynamic function shortest path stuff, but... I never went to school for CS. Got a Vic 20 when I was 10, im 52 now, and work as a Senior Software Engineer, have published dozens of software products. I wish the internet had been around when I was a kid, learning this stuff that way would have been much less painful, then bumping around in the dark learning it the hard way, and after midnight, always after midnight.

  • @ishmalala
    @ishmalala Pƙed rokem

    as someone thats been struggling with algorithms and data structurs, you managed to help me understand Big O Notation in only a few seconds

  • @bechararammouz5276
    @bechararammouz5276 Pƙed 2 lety +5

    This video is literally everything my CS degree taught me.

  • @OKieYoSHigHhost
    @OKieYoSHigHhost Pƙed 2 lety +3

    What's really wild is that the printer by my grandmas is actually broken đŸ˜©
    It's also pretty rad how Jeff pretty much took us through the ABCs of computers. Probably the best primer I've ever come across

  • @ZaKeGoAwAy
    @ZaKeGoAwAy Pƙed rokem

    I have taken 4-5 years of my life to understand this and you just done that in 13 mins. That is awesome.

  • @subhiyoussef5317
    @subhiyoussef5317 Pƙed rokem +1

    I think it is so cool how computer make so many small things to work together to build one giant useful thing
    Nice video keep going