Basics of How a MonoTub Works - Understand Fruiting Conditions, Gas Exchange for Growing Mushrooms
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- čas přidán 9. 09. 2024
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I've used monotubs before, but I had never really dove deep on the inner workings of one. I decided that I'd do some research to help my understanding of one, and hopefully with this gained knowledge I can improve my methods for utilizing a monotub in the future.
Monotubs are a tool popularized by PF Tek, a commonly used method for growing mushrooms at home. They are really easy to construct, inexpensive and pretty much hands-off when it comes to growing mushrooms.
I hope you find this video useful. As always, I'm looking to increase my knowledge of mushroom cultivation, and I'd love any feedback that you might have.
Just embarrassed myself to myself by blowing the screen when the pencil shavings were on the paper 😂😂😂
I think it worked! The shavings are gone now 😂😂😂
Fuckin aye bud
Lol humanity. We're so weird. I'm sure you were just the first to post it out loud 🤣
I did the same thing lmao
That's okay, I have caught myself trying to pinch zoom reality, More than once!
*Clearly describes the process and tech behind mushroom cultivation in less than five minutes.
A new world record! :)
Well done!!!
Haha! Thanks!
Finally...
@@OneEarthMushrooms very good, how you deal with spores? polyfill wont stop them right? Or you keeping it out of living spaces?
@@vgames6792хлор убивает зелёную плесень
This is the best damn description of how this works on the internet
FINALLY! an actual explanation of the science instead of amateurs teaching amateurs based off random videos of other amateurs growing mushrooms with no higher level understanding of why they are doing what they are doing.
I know feel like I have the clarity to begin my grow 🙏
Thanks for watching! Hey, I always say that we are all amateurs and we're all continuously learning. Everyone has something to teach us, we just have to open our minds.
How's your grow going?
Great video but one thing...
The micro pore tape does not allow for air exchange. It only allows for gassing out. It needs a bit of pressure to be able to push through. All my bottom holes that are covered in tape show outward pressure by pushing out and making the tape on the open area of each hole look like a dome or bump. At this stage the entire tub is warm. As the mycelium begins to make its connections you can take off the tape and allow for the fresh air intake cycle to start and the mushrooms will begin to fruit.
Yes eventually it will fruit with or without tape(if there are at least some knots) but taking off the tape speeds up the process and if removed at the perfect time you will get fruiting roughly 1 to 3 days later and continued colonization. If you take the tape off too soon the hyphae stop or slow down quite a bit and any kind of movement comes almost to a stand still. You want to wait and take the tape off when at least 75% of substrate has some kind of mycelium covering it. It doesnt have to be thick or dense but at least have some "knots" or over laps. It doesnt have to have pins/
Having a too dry of a substrate also creates problems if the tape is taken off. The tape holds in moisture and a day or two after its off, if the substrate is under field capacity, things kind of start looking skinnier and slow growing. Misting then becomes necessary. Too wet of a substrate will need additional actions for higher rates of fresh air circulation and the lid will need to be lifted off periodically during the day until the tub and mycelium look "field capacity". To obtain field capacity of the substrate I boil roughly 3 gallons of water and 1 tbsp. gypsum to hydrate and pasteurize the coco coir for 24 hours in a large orange "Gatorade" insulated water dispenser. I put roughly 1.5 to 2 bricks of coco into a clean pillow case and fill the dispenser almost to the top. Soak the substrate for 24 hours with lid on. The next day, when you take it out by the pillow case, make sure you're somewhere where you can get brown water everywhere. If its dripping wet just twist the pillow case full of wet substrate and squeeze a tiny bit until not dripping but still wet. Prior to adding to the fruiting tub, dump it out of the pillow case into a regular 27qt tub with lid and break up all the pieces then firmly squeeze each handful over a bucket until barely wet but crumbly and not dripping. When you're ready, mix the substrate with spawn into the bottom 2" of your 27qt tub then gently pat it flat with your hand, then add on top of that another layer of substrate only 1" to 2" thick and pat down flat and level with your hand. That is the casing layer covering your spawn/substrate mix. Finish by securing the lid.
If done properly this method is self sufficient until harvest and you will never have to open the lid until harvest times. With proper hole alignment and numbers, proper field capacity substrate (I only use coco coir so far), proper temps(roughly 80deg F during colonization and under 78 for fruiting), proper timing for removal of micro pore tape, this tub is the perfect little (I use 27q tubs) semi self sufficient mushroom growing chamber.
Having so many holes does make for a harder soak for additional flushes tho... Also, to stop any kind of unwanted visitors via the open holes, just wrap the tub in panty hose!
What an amazing write up on your technique! Thank you for sharing!
@@OneEarthMushrooms Thanks! I figure I could add some pointers to your awesome video!
Hit me up and I'll send you some pics of my tubs
Somebody finally answered one of my biggest questions, could we take off the micron tape when they're fruiting because mine has been getting pretty warm inside. I have two substrates inside a shotgun fruiting chamber, now I know with this size I should've put only one, and since the bodies starting fruiting it's been getting warmer. At this stage, I thought it's less likely to be contaminated if I remove the micron tap but I've been looking to make sure it is fine.
My respects @blazeaglory you took your time to explain a process, thank you!!!!
In short your "shocking" them a second time. That's interesting but make senses. Regular plants are the same with reproduction/producing edible fruits in larger amounts.
I’ve been searching for this information for months. It finally put into perspective everything I need for this bulk grow.
So awesome! Really happy to hear that the info was helpful for you! Let me know if you have any other ideas, I love making videos based on the community's thoughts.
OneEarth Mushrooms it’s astonishing considering the depths of the internet, this is the only video that covers this process. It answers so many questions in one go.
Sterilite with the multi latch tubs are the best. Flip lid upside down with latches up.
Dont need holes, no polyfill, no tape
@@OneEarthMushrooms make a video about a self-sustaining ecosystem like the ones Foo the Floweerhorn makes!
@@StagnantMizu love Foo! I'm actually building an aquaculture setup right now. It's going to utilize a pump and grow lights, but will grow food and keep the fish happy!
best explanation on youtube you deserve a medal
Haha! Thanks for the complement, and thanks for watching!
This is the best and most concise explanation I've ever heard for all the variables involved. Thank you!
This helped me so much couldn't have come at a better time
Awesome! I'm so happy it was helpful! Thanks for watching 😊
Holy shit a mycologist that can draw? instantly interested, very good stuff.
Honestly, it helps me so much to draw things out. I have to be able to visualize something in order to understand it. Glad you like it! I'm hoping to make more illustrations soon.
Does anyone know if you need a clear lid for a monotub?
you can certainly do without it, but it helps with getting the mushrooms to grow up, and form neat and tall fruiting bodies.
grow upwards*
Finally someone who understands how to explain this. I was so sick of scouring forums. You're great and you should FEEL GREAT. I've been growing with PF tek and my yields make me want to cry they are so tiny, I'm finally setting up two monotubs and moving forward here with some better tek and this was a wondeful walk through to clarify everything. Do you have any advice on additional flushes?
Hi KL, sorry it took me so much time to get back to you. I've been struggling a bit with motivation lately and communicating with the world has felt intimidating for some reason.
Additional flushes are usually pretty easy...the general process is to clean the fruiting block of any fruiting bodies (including any tiny "aborts") and soak it water for about 12 hrs. The difficult part is then draining off the water; I've contemplated installing some sort of drain in my tubs to facilitate this. After the water is drained, put the tub back into colonization conditions (cover the holes with solid tape) and wait for pins to re-appear, then back into fruiting conditions. I've been able to get 3-4 flushes this way.
I'll do a video on it at some point. I just finished loading two monotubs this morning, so I should have plenty of things to film in the near future.
Thanks for watching. Feel free to contact me with any questions or comments, I just subbed to your channel and I'm going to watch your videos a bit latter today. I'm going through a similar experience, so it's nice to see someone who is openly talking about mental health.
@@OneEarthMushrooms Respect your sharing and willingness to be honest and vulnerable ❤️Such rare traits these days
@@OneEarthMushrooms thank you
Where do u get ur spore syringe from?
@@OneEarthMushrooms I did wonder about second+ flushes with tubs, no one explained the draining process. Every time I search the idea, I come up with the same forum posts, videos, etc.. Randomly your video appeared in my yt list. glad it did, I mean I kinda knew the concept, but knowing it is much better.
This was actually insanely helpful, turns out i introduced fresh air a little bit early, still hoping for pins but glad I watched this👍
FINALLY! Not just a "How" but also a "Why"! Such a key ingredient for a successful recipe. Thank you for this.
You’re a real one sir. It finally makes sense. We are in the presence of a legend.
Love this kind of video, please do more illustrations like this! These kinds of basics are definitely needed for this hobby because of all of the cryptic and misinformation floating around the internet :)
Thank you Brett! I'd love to do more illustrations, but I'm short on ideas! Anything you'd like to see?
@@OneEarthMushrooms you could do something about agar and mycelium, maybe how mushrooms grow in the wild, maybe basic mushroom anatomy
@@phreakymusic great ideas! How mushrooms grow in the wild is fascinating to me, I think I'll do that one soon, thanks for the ideas!
@@OneEarthMushrooms some mushrooms communicate with the trees around them. I think that's incredible
@@phreakymusic isn't that the craziest thing ever! My mind is blown on a daily basis by the things that fungi do. It's almost like they are a completely selfless entity that exist to serve the rest of the planet....or does the rest of the planet exist to serve the mushrooms 🤔 Haha so many exciting developments with fungi in medicine, industry, food, pollution cleanup, etc...I think we've only scratched the surface of what fungi are capable of.
As I understand it, increased _evaporation_ (along with the fresh air/O2 increase) is also a significant factor driving fruiting.
I'll have to do some reading on that. Makes sense though, in nature mushrooms tend to fruit AFTER a big rain, and not during the rain.
Nice video man, good info! If you just flip the lid upside down you dont have to modify the tote at all. Then it can be used later for storing stuff. Gives the same results IME, but with slightly less work. Give it a whirl if you feel like experimenting haha.
THANK YOU! I don't want to simply follow steps, i want to understand the science behind it! Took me forever to find the most basic chemical requirements needed for mycelium growth!
Thank you! I'm trying to do more content on the "why" in addition to content on "how". I think the "how" is a lot easier to understand if you know the "why".
@@OneEarthMushrooms definitely! I have a ton of questions if you ever plan on doing a Q&A video. But I'll be subscribing regardless!
absolute legend this was the exact info I was trying to find thank you!
So happy it was helpful!
Honestly this is such an amazing part no one ever speaks of if the fae being related to heat production generated by the block
This is a really great topic. Anyone can make a video tutorial making a monotub, but it's important to understand how these things work if you want to truly be better.
Really cool video
That was the best explanation I have ever heard about this.
Hey! You have provided the most concisely informative video on the Monotub technique that I’ve yet to come across. Thank you sir!
Thank you, Chris!
the intak and vent of hot air and co2 was very good info!. i dont see many monotubs with proper palced holes. all are even drilled
Amazing scientific explanation! Very clear and insightful!
Thank you! Glad you liked it!
Although I had this knowledge, the presentation of them is amazing. I think what is missing to be perfect are the ideal parameters of temperature and O2, humidity, as well as luminosity in its luminic stage of fruiting.
This is a really great video, I've been bumbling my way through for about two years, one tub would be awesome another not, other videos show you how to grow, but the knowledge I just picked up for Why it grows is going to help a lot.
Thank you for the share. This really explains a lot about the theory and applied sciences involved. I'm just colonizing my grain getting ready to do a bulk spawn into the appropriate substrate.
Hope it goes well for you! Happy you enjoyed the video :)
this is one of the easiest and best explanation of the whole thing... seriously !
you answered a question ive been asking for months!
What a great video, thank you! Every other tek ive seen has the tub ventilated throughout the whole process...but this vid is the only one that gets into the science behind the gas/air exchange, so im going with this method.
Hope you have great results! Keep us posted!
Wish I watched this video before ANY other fruiting video. Thank you
Simple and straight to the point. Very informative and interesting. Thanks so much for sharing. Your Video collections are also very good too, thanks.
Thanks Jason! I'm happy you like it, and I appreciate your kind words!
I dont mean to yuk anybody's yum by any means but Ive noticed the airflow is reversed in actuality= the CO2 goes out the lower side holes while the fresh air is drawn into the higher end holes. I only know this because Ive seen just in the past few days of my very first grow ever, the condensation is being cleared away just below the upper end holes. Great vid though and still all good info, thanks!
Now thats was a DECENT VIDEO! Great job!
Clear, consistent, accurate content , well done 👍
I put my spawn/sub mix directly into "fruiting conditions" allowing air/gas exchange from the start. It pins in roughly the same time as the bins that I used to keep taped up before full colonization. Make of it what you will.
Yeah, I've thought that would probably work. Haven't tried it myself yet though.
Great drawing
Thank you! Glad you liked it!
You are the best. Im sharing this with everyone!
Amazing video I couldn't explain it properly to a friend I just sent your video to him thankyou much for your amazing content
I love this! Thank you so much for pulling out the crayons to explain this so even an average, everyday, moron like myself can understand. 👏
Love this video,
Well explained and easy to understand
Thank you, Matthew!
Perfectly Illustrated and explained thank you
Thank you for the compliment! Really glad you enjoyed the video :)
Also worth noting That your monotub lid should always be clear to allow light to penetrate, fae holes should be covered up until fruiting, misting and fanning is the most important factor when It comes to pinning, and depending on the type of mushroom you are cultivating substrate depth and casing is extremely important.
Thanks for your feedback! I'll definitely take that into consideration.
OneEarth Mushrooms great video tho, not seen anyone break it down like this.
You definitely shouldn’t need to fan, and misting can be avoided if you set your tub up correctly. The lid doesn’t need to be clear, and there are many people who don’t cover the holes at all and succeed consistently.
I have watched this video many times before growing, and am coming back to it during a growth... Really appreciate it
I love how you give five minutes of info in five minutes, most take about 15 minutes by the time they get to what I want here my mind is wandering and I miss it.
The best explanation and most simple of a monotub I have seen 👍
Awwwh thanks!
Greatly done video in under 5 minutes!
Thanks!
Easy, simple and guided thanks
i wish science class was still teach drawing on the overhead. now it's a bunch of google slides
I haven't seen an overhead projector in years! I had to show my daughter what an overhead projector was, she's never seen one before. Haha I showed her this video: czcams.com/video/Nqf1DKSXJro/video.html
wow incredibly explained. made it so simple to understand in this fast beautiful straight forward video. truly a masterpiece. I can't wait to grow my own medicine. thank you so much sir.
Please do a video on arranging the holes to create sufficient pressure to generate primed air flow through the tub! Great video.
Beautiful knowledge share, thank you explaining.
This is an excellent summary of the steps of Fungal growth, especially useful for those trying to grow their own gourmet mushrooms at home! If your into food, check out 'Chicken of the Woods' & 'Lions Mane' I know that there are a TON of types of funguys to grow but these two taste like chicken and lobster! imagine that! Check them out along with any other type of MuSHROOM you're interested in! :)
Skilled teacher!
Amazing video, well done. My additional question about when to install micropore tape was answered. Thank you so much!
Great video mate.
Great video. Nice work.
Great easy graphic explanation!! Thanks so much for sharing!
I'm pretty sure that the holes at the bottom, right above the substrate, let air out because co2 is heavier than o2 so when that happens it pulls fresh air in through the top holes. Could be wrong but i don't think so
Im so glad to have found your video.
Easy to understand, great info!
Thank you!
You're the only person I've seen on youtube who has correctly noted that air flows up and out the top, not the other way around. The common misconception is that CO2 is somehow driving airflow instead of heat.
Thank you!!
Great demo and mad art skills!
So exact, well explained, you answered about 20 questions I had in a couple minutes. Excellent.. thank you. 🌈😃🤙
Haha so glad I could help!!! Thanks for watching, Thomas.
This helped me understand SO much more. Thank you for this.
Thank you Julia! Happy you liked it :)
Thank you for the video it really helps! The only thing that confuses me is should the holes be closed completely closed during colonization? And then filled with polyfill when the substrate is ready for fruiting?
Yep, you're exactly right. I cover the holes with duct tape until the substrate is fully colonized. Then I remove the duct tape and fill the holes with poly fill to initiate fresh air exchange and cause a drop in temperature inside the fruiting chamber. Hope this helps, and thanks for watching!!!
@@OneEarthMushrooms hi, should all holes be closed for air and for co2 during colonization cycle? Is it ok for substrate ?
@@mishapolishchuk3375 yeah, definitely. There will be a little bit of gas exchange out the top of the lid so that you don't have a toxic buildup. But yeah, I'd keep the holes covered until fully colonized.
@@OneEarthMushrooms ok, hope it will be gas exchange out . But if humidity will be too much what to do?
@@mishapolishchuk3375 it's rare for it to be too humid in the monotub during colonization. If it's something you're concerned about, you could always pop the lid of quickly and fan it once a day. I don't think that's necessary though. How long have you been colonizing the tub?
This was wonderfully informative. I didn't do PFtek this time (just cracking the lid/fanning for FAE)
But i think my next species or 2 I am going to go for micro pore tape or PFtek.
Build a little resistance to unwanted visitors! My first (ever) tub is currently battling trichoderma. With a good amount of fruits growing... still gonna harvest, probably get rid of the tub after a flush.
If anyone has comments or advice, I am certainly open to it!!
What is fae
One earth i want you to know i am clinically insane, and this was an amazing video
Thanks for watching, Thomas! Glad you enjoyed it 😊
HIGH Jared, My name is Jared, as well. An am also into mycology. Keep up the vidz!!! I'll definitely subscribe. One Love. Keep spreading the knowledge!!
Dude, Jared! Nice to meet you man, so happy you like the channel! I'm having so much fun working on this stuff, I feel like I've finally found my passion. I'm starting to experiment a lot more and I feel like the more I experiment, the more excited I get. I have so many ideas for stuff to try that I could never possibly run out of mycology stuff to do. If you have any ideas or suggestions for improvements let me know, and thanks for subscribing!
@@OneEarthMushrooms Most definitely man!! Likewise. You could possibly do the next video on fruiting process in the monotub, itself, after explaining this. You know, humidity laevels/misting, fanning etc. I'd LOVE to see your take on things. Then explain the step just before placing grain spawn and substrate into the monotub. I feel this was the middle explanation step. Lol Done VERY well nonetheless.
Btw, do you have an instagram account? I'm also venturing into my 1st... have everything I need just need to start. Strains are AA+, GT and GC...wish me LUCK. Maybe we can go back an fourth with each other and share experiences? What strains are you experimenting with at the moment? Oh, and heres a pretty down dude to follow as well, if you didn't already know. The Astro Way.
@@JradTHM The next video I have coming out (on the 19th) is about building a mini-monotub. I built two mini-tubs so I can do side by side experiments with different substrates, different conditions (micropore tape vs. poly fill, casing vs. not casing, amounts of light, messing with pH, etc...). I'm going to be shooting a video soon for filling a monotub, I built a really helpful calculator so that I can figure out the right amount of substrate for different sized containers (I hate wasting materials), I'm going to post a link to the calculator in the video because I'm finding it to be really useful for myself and hopefully others can benefit from it too.
The way I've been doing things is scheduling videos to come out every three days and I have the next few weeks scheduled to come out, there's some days where I get really busy with other things and don't have time to shoot new content so it's been helpful to schedule videos on a regular basis. Also have some more long term projects/videos going. Have an experiment with playing with mixing BRF into rye to more quickly colonize which I'm really excited about, it's looking really good. Have some enoki's and oysters going on grain right now, and lion's mane on rye that is almost ready to go onto a fruiting block. I posted a quick video of inoculating the grain spawn for the lion's mane grow, and have another one scheduled to publish soon for a grain-to-grain transfer I did with that, I'll be putting out quite a few videos with that whole grow and then a start to finish video for the whole project. I'm pretty public about who I am, and due to the legality of psilocybe mushrooms where I live I'm staying away from cultivating those, although the techniques I'm using and inspiration for many of my videos come from psilocybe cultivators.
Good luck on your projects, I'd love to stay in touch! My IG (which I haven't used for mushrooms yet, I changed my old IG to be for this channel but haven't posted related content yet) is @oneearthmushrooms, definitely hit me up there and we can collaborate on ideas.
I love Astro Way, he's always got great content and the audio clips he plays are perfect. I'm loving Home Mycology too, he innovates and experiments a lot and is definitely an inspiration.
@@OneEarthMushrooms the subject of ph and how it effects cultivating would be great ! ive been cultivating for 6 or 7 months now w/ fairly good success . thanks ! looking forward to learning and enjoying more of your work !
@@MostWantedOHA yes! I've really been wanting to do more exploration into pH, how to adjust it and how pH behaves over the lifecycle of a grown. I've been doing a lot of reading on the subject,I think it's time for me to get a pH probe and start testing!
That is well explained and nicely illustrated. Thank you.
Thank you!👽
You're welcome!
I literally blew at the screen when the pencil shavings dropped lol
You're not the first...
Everything Ive seen about monotubs so far is pretty on par with what you were discussing, except one aspect...In your video you explain not allowing air exchange until pinning starts. No other description or explanations of monotubs shows this? Are higher levels of CO2 necessary for the start of fruiting?
You want some CO2 during colonization (only gas exchange - micropore tape), then fresh air during fruiting (fresh air exchange - no tape).
Excellent video, excellent explanation, thank you so much!
Great video. Learned a lot. Thanks
MAN!!! this is what I need.... simple breakdown explanation of how system work... just sub'd & gonna mash on your vids...
Thanks for watching!!! Really happy you found the video helpful!
@@OneEarthMushrooms I too like some wood work, made a domino table out of simple building wood 🤣 came out pretty good.
@@BLACKHOLEBBQ ah! Cool man! Yeah, woodworking is my happy place
Excellent and informative, thank you .
Or wouldn't the heavy co2 release from the substrate level holes and the negative pressure forces fresh air from top holes ?
very nicely done ...
This was very informative and I learned a lot, thank you very much
You're welcome! Thank you!
According to bods ez tek you don't even need the holesn just turn the lid upside down and you will have incredible results
fantastic video man!
perfect explanation, thank you so much
You're welcome! Thank you!
I’m preparing to grow my 1st batch. I’m in the incubation period I bought a grain spawn bag and used a whole syringe on the 3 qt bag. Is that ok? It’s also upright open for air and in a dark place. Any advice to help get it into the full you colonized mycelium stage faster?
That was fantastic.
I opened the lid first two days to introduce the fresh air!! Am I in trouble?
Nicely done! Thank you
Thank you, Victoria!
Thanks. Great video. Thank you for doing in minutes, what endless hours on shroomery couldn't. That being said, I think I might go with PastyWhite's EZ Dialed Tek for my first mono.
lovely art!
If I remember my high school chemistry correctly, gasses do not separate according to atomic weight. Carbon Dioxide mixes completely with the other air in the tub. It does not accumulate at the bottom.
Brilliant explanation.
Great great GREAT VIDEO!!
nice video man
Thanks man! I like watching your stuff too, gotta get some new videos out there!
@@OneEarthMushrooms lol thanks im lazy ill get more up eventually my work keeps me pretty busy
Very instructive!! I did it and it worked perfectly!! One question. I grow Lions mane in bags with filters on it (5 pound bags), if I try to use a bag with no filter, and I let some fresh air (from the laminar flow hood) to fill the bag before sealing it, do you think colonization will ocour with no major problems?
Love the drawings
Thanks Ben!
yo one earth. can you explain Bod's unmodified tubs? :D would love to see whats happening on that technique.
I agree, i believe he 'Fans' the inside of the boxes with the lid slightly open but i could be totally wrong, i miss Bods youtube, hes on another platform at the moment, but dont wanna adverisehim on someone elses page, he's slowly getting the old videos back out
@@EvannArmitage I think bod have his YT vids archived. I saw it yesterday on the shroomery.
Great video.
Is there a way to calculate time period for which fresh air should be introduced, based on the size of the tub?
This was soo helpful, thank you really much :)
Thank you Ella! Happy you liked it, and glad it was helpful :)