Cause? Treatment? Is CAFFEINE bad for babies??! What other treatments do we use??!! What is an event? How many SECONDS to be considered apnea? What about bradycardia? What CAUSES them? Is all apnea= apnea of prematurity? How do we prevent/ treat events? Do events affect prognosis? Are all events the same? When can we discharge babies HOME? When should we stop caffeine? What are the outcomes of infants who received caffeine?
Learn all this and more in our LONGEST video yet (sorry! there was a lot!)
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Dr. Tala is a board-certified neonatologist and has worked in busy level III and IV units for the past 15 years. She has won multiple teaching awards throughout her time as a neonatologist.
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(Selected) References:
Eichenwald EC; Committee on Fetus and Newborn, American Academy of Pediatrics. Apnea of Prematurity. Pediatrics. 2016 Jan;137(1). doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-3757. Epub 2015 Dec 1. PMID: 26628729.
Schmidt B, Roberts RS, Davis P, Doyle LW, Barrington KJ, Ohlsson A, Solimano A, Tin W; Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity Trial Group. Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity. N Engl J Med. 2006 May 18;354(20):2112-21. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa054065. PMID: 16707748.
Henderson-Smart DJ The effect of gestational age on the incidence and duration of recurrent apnoea in newborn babies. Aust Paediatr J 1981
;17 (4):273-276 [PubMed]
Pergolizzi J, Kraus A, Magnusson P, Breve F, Mitchell K, Raffa R, LeQuang JAK, Varrassi G. Treating Apnea of Prematurity. Cureus. 2022 Jan 31;14(1):e21783. doi: 10.7759/cureus.21783. PMID: 35251853; PMCID: PMC889076
Barrington K, Finer N. The natural history of the appearance of apnea of prematurity. Pediatr Res. 1991 Apr;29(4 Pt 1):372-5. doi: 10.1038/pr.1991.72500. PMID: 1852531.
Dobson NR, Patel RM. The Role of Caffeine in Noninvasive Respiratory Support. Clinics in Perinatology. 2016 Dec;43(4):773-782. DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2016.07.011. PMID: 27837758; PMCID: PMC5111868
REVIEW article Front. Pediatr., 24 October 2021, Sec. Neonatology
Volume 9 - 2021 | doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.755677
Schmidt B. Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity: Too Much or Too Little of a Good Thing. J Pediatr. 2023 Aug;259:113488. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113488. Epub 2023 May 17. PMID: 37201684.
Apnoea of Prematurity and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: Current Understanding and Future Prospects for Research Max Williamson1 Ravi Poorun2 Caroline Hartley1*
Mürner-Lavanchy IM, Doyle LW, Schmidt B, Roberts RS, Asztalos EV, Costantini L, Davis PG, Dewey D, D'Ilario J, Grunau RE, Moddemann D, Nelson H, Ohlsson A, Solimano A, Tin W, Anderson PJ; Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity (CAP) Trial Group. Neurobehavioral Outcomes 11 Years After Neonatal Caffeine Therapy for Apnea of Prematurity. Pediatrics. 2018 May;141(5):e20174047. doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-4047. Epub 2018 Apr 11. PMID: 29643070.
Di Fiore JM, Arko M, Whitehouse M, Kimball A, Martin RJ. Apnea is not prolonged by acid gastroesophageal reflux in preterm infants. Pediatrics. 2005 Nov;116(5):1059-63. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-2757. PMID: 16263989.
Yee AK, Siriwardhana LS, Nixson GM, Walter LM, Wong FY, Horne RSC. Developmental consequences of short apneas and periodic breathing in preterm infants. J Perinatol. 2023 Nov;43(11):1420-1428. doi: 10.1038/s41372-023-01748-8. Epub 2023 Aug 9. PMID: 37558750; PMCID: PMC10615736.
Janvier A, Khairy M, Kokkotis A, Cormier C, Messmer D, Barrington KJ. Apnea is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in very low birth weight infants. J Perinatol. 2004 Dec;24(12):763-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7211182. PMID: 15329741.
Lopes, José Maria de Andrade. “[Neonatal apnea].” Jornal de pediatria 77 Suppl 1 (2001): S97-S103 .
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***TIMESTAMPS***
00:53 What is apnea of prematurity?
11:31 Treatment of Apnea of Prematurity
24:59 Outcomes of infants with apnea
27:30 When can we discharge babies who have had events?
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*Disclaimer*: This video is intended for educational purposes only and while we strive to give the most accurate information, errors may occur. Subsequently, this video should not be a replacement for medical advice.