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It is based on a hypar, or more formally hyperbolic paraboloid shape, which we have optimized to be more structurally efficient. If you are interested in these shapes you should look into the work of Félix Candela :)

Thanks! :) Do you mean the concrete mix? We used StoCrete R 40, which we got for free from our concrete lab since they no longer need it. The mix itself turned out great. It was not too slippery and not too dry. We could apply it even on the patches with the highest curvature without problems. We were lucky to get help from my dad, who is a master bricklayer, to get the right proportions of water into the mix.

There are several reasons. Firstly, we want to show our architecture and engineering students that proper curvature and geometry are the best ways to create material-efficient structures. Secondly, since this is part of a digital tools and parametric modelling course, we want to show the students how to go from digital models to production drawings and an actual structure. Thirdly, if they are to design concrete structures, they must know what shapes are the most efficient and that they know about the craftsmanship behind them. We have worked with timber structures previously. czcams.com/video/eCAMZNoaXYs/video.htmlsi=4cHlfg0wm_TRhx0A All materials have their pros and cons.

Hi! We performed a load test by applying a point in the middle of the shell. It resisted somewhere around 350 kg. We have not received the exact data, but it should be somewhere there. It should be noted that the shell is between 2-3 cm thick (it varies due to the cables underneath). A point load on a shell is usually very unfavourable. It would have taken greatly more if it had been a more uniformly distributed load. You can see the load test in this story shorturl.at/F8esY

Yes, you are correct. The mapping using a texture is far from perfect. I tried finding a texture that would be suitable, but using a regular map in the plane is well known issue. It was mostly done as fun thing for subscriber writing a comment for a similar video:) But I should probably change the title.

replying to boost this comment because it’s funny

In the center

czcams.com/video/qttANaaStGY/video.htmlsi=EtdygowGYjn55rxI

Never thought of that, but that is true! :)

Thanks! Glad you like it! Interesting comment! :) I do not know much about the craft of bamboo but I would imagine that it would be better to build something using a Chebyshev net (like the gridshell Mannheim multihalle by Frei Otto) rather than a grid following the asymptotic lines, like this one. The reason is that the cross-section in our structure is very weak in one direction, meaning that it will bend in that direction. Compared to bamboo, which I imagine has similar cross sectional properties in all directions since it is a tube section. Unless you modify the bamboo cutting in such a way that you get similar properties as our plywood laths. You should check out Alison Martin Grace @alisonmartin57, she is an artist who works with bamboo creating very complex and interesting geometries:) She is amazing.

:)

Hi! Thanks for your comment! It is sometimes difficult to compare different geometries of vaults or shells and say what is the superior or upgrade since they might be designed with different intentions or constraints and possibly with different materials. For instance, a masonry vault is very weak in tension and has little or no bending capacity, while timber works in both tension and compression and thus works great in bending. The joints are also very different, which affects the design and assembly. In our case, the major factors were simple fabrication of the elements, assembly and erection. With that in mind, we tried to design a shape that fulfilled the mentioned criteria while also working well as a structure. What is better in a three-dimensional shell/grid shell than a barrel vault, which is mainly a two-dimensional structure, is that there are more possible load paths. Thus, one can more easily find more structurally efficient solutions, or if something affects the structure (new load conditions, settlements, deterioration, creep etc etc.), it can find new ways to carry the load through its geometry. But as you say, many lessons can be learned from history in the field of architecture and structural/civil engineering :)

Hi! :) You are correct, it is an anticlastic shape. Asymptotic lines only exist on anticlastic shapes. Though, the design was based on an Enneper surface because it is a minimal surface, meaning asymptotic curves intersect at right angles. We modified the parameterization following the principal lines by rotating the surface coordinates 45 degrees to follow the asymptotic curves. mathworld.wolfram.com/EnnepersMinimalSurface.html If you look at the hyperbolic paraboloid, the mean curvature is not zero, thus not a minimal surface. mathworld.wolfram.com/HyperbolicParaboloid.html However, to ensure it would be an exact Enneper surface, we must force it to have exactly right angles in the intersections. Now, it finds the most "comfortable" shape. When we made a bigger structure, we used timber blocks at the intersections, which forced the laths to meet at right angles in the erected state czcams.com/video/eCAMZNoaXYs/video.html Still, due to various factors such as self-weight, it tries to find a more comfortable shape which is likely slightly off the exact mathematical surface. For our purpose, this did not matter. I hope this answers your question :)

Thanks, I'm glad you liked it! :) I had some difficulties with math when I was younger, but if you are interested and find it fun, you can improve a lot:)

@@EmilAdiels thank you! I do find math interesting. I have my first college class in mathematics next semester. I'm kind of nervous!

@@jenneper I understand. I was also pretty nervous before my first class, but I found it easier to team up with others to study. I often found that I learned as much from my fellow students as from the lectures. Most people are quite helpful and like to share their knowledge. That is at least my experience. Good luck!:)

Hi Dimitar, Glad you find this interesting. It was a long time ago we did this project, so I don't know where the script is at the moment. I know we put some stuff up here for our different workshops. You might find something there:) github.com/archengtech

Hi Daniel, Glad you find this interesting. It was a long time ago we did this project, so I don't know where the script is at the moment. I know we put some stuff up here for our different workshops. You might find something there:) github.com/archengtech

Hi Shannon, Glad you find it exciting and also very sorry for my late reply. You can find some information here in this conference paper we wrote: www.researchgate.net/publication/336367443_The_design_fabrication_and_assembly_of_an_asymptotic_timber_gridshell I also had a lecture where I discussed different aspects of an improved version of the grid shell described in the conference paper. czcams.com/video/lybmJGUwR8s/video.html I hope something might help you:)

thanks! :)

Hi! Thanks for the comment! I have not tried paper, but there might be a risk that the bending and the twist will make a permanent impact on the paper. Instead of a continuously bent lath it might break near the joints causing a lot of local bending around that area. However, I guess there is a great range of different types of paper that you can use, with different properties and quality. Cheers Emil

haha, good one! :D

Hi! No, unfortunately, you cannot build a similar structure as we did for a dome. That is because asymptotic lines, which the lath follows, cannot be generated on a surface with positive Gaussian curvature. A dome or a sphere is a typical example of a surface with positive Gaussian curvature. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_curvature Thus you need a surface with negative Gaussian curvature, and preferably a minimal surface such that the laths intersect at right angles when erected. We used an Enneper surface. You can also create a physical minimal surface using soapfilm like this: czcams.com/video/g9iEkmZkyrw/video.html en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_surface

Thanks for the encouragement! :)

@@EmilAdiels Yes please! :)

@@guillaumecaussarieu2326 thanks for the kind words! I am a bit busy finishing my PhD at the moment, but I hope that I can continue afterwards :)

​@@guillaumecaussarieu2326 Thanks for the comment and glad that you liked it! :) I am trying to finish my PhD now, but I hope there will be some more time for interviews after.

Hi, thanks for the comment, glad you find it interesting :) Maybe I can make a video of it in the future. I do not know how much you know about math. However, for this case we used the principal curvature parameterization for an Enneper surface. That means that the coordinate curves follow principal curvature lines. mathworld.wolfram.com/EnnepersMinimalSurface.html On minimal surfaces, the asymptotic lines are easily found at 45 degrees from the principal curvature lines. Then we extruded the asymptotic lines from the surface to get the laths and made the slots such that we could assemble them. We used a laser cutter to cut out the laths in 3mm plywood. I talk a bit about this kind of stuff in this video if you are interested: czcams.com/video/lybmJGUwR8s/video.html

@@EmilAdiels Thanx a lot Sir, i m a college math teacher, also preparing math models , organizing math exhibitions and teaching math through different softwares as well. i watched the video through link shared. loved your work alot.

​@@onlineskillsbyimranbilal Cool, sounds awesome! I think my own understanding and interest in math increased when I could visualize using different software's and started to code myself. Keep up the good work! Glad you liked it!:) Best wishes Emil

thanks! :)

Hi Angele, Thank you for your comment! You can find some more information about our work here. www.researchgate.net/publication/336367443_The_design_fabrication_and_assembly_of_an_asymptotic_timber_gridshell We have done some more work on this subject since then, but have not published it yet. vimeo.com/385822144 If you find anything interesting or have a question you can send me a message. Best wishes Emil

thanks!

Awesome! 😀

Thank you Milciades for the nice comment, glad you liked it!