Falling Film Evaporator Working Principle

Falling Film Evaporator Working Principle
Falling film evaporators are vertical shell and tube heat exchangers. Typical TEMA types are BEM, NEN or a combination of the two. The major difference between a typical shell and tube heat exchanger and a falling film evaporator is the liquid distribution at the top of the unit. Liquid entering the top of the unit passes either through a spray ball or through an internal distributor to ensure equal distribution of the liquid to all of the tubes.
The liquid to be concentrated is supplied to the top of the heating tubes and distributed in such a way as to flow down the inside of the tube walls as a thin film. The liquid film starts to boil due to the external heating of the heating tubes and is partially evaporated as a result. The downward flow, caused initially by gravity, is enhanced by the parallel, downward flow of the vapor formed.
Residual film liquid and vapor is separated in the lower part of the calandria and in the downstream centrifugal droplet separator. It is ESSENTIAL that the entire film heating surface, especially in the lower regions, be evenly and sufficiently wetted with liquid.
Sources:
- www.gea.com/
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